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Passarella D, Ronci M, Di Liberto V, Zuccarini M, Mudò G, Porcile C, Frinchi M, Di Iorio P, Ulrich H, Russo C. Bidirectional Control between Cholesterol Shuttle and Purine Signal at the Central Nervous System. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158683. [PMID: 35955821 PMCID: PMC9369131 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have highlighted the mechanisms controlling the formation of cerebral cholesterol, which is synthesized in situ primarily by astrocytes, where it is loaded onto apolipoproteins and delivered to neurons and oligodendrocytes through interactions with specific lipoprotein receptors. The “cholesterol shuttle” is influenced by numerous proteins or carbohydrates, which mainly modulate the lipoprotein receptor activity, function and signaling. These molecules, provided with enzymatic/proteolytic activity leading to the formation of peptide fragments of different sizes and specific sequences, could be also responsible for machinery malfunctions, which are associated with neurological, neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders. In this context, we have pointed out that purines, ancestral molecules acting as signal molecules and neuromodulators at the central nervous system, can influence the homeostatic machinery of the cerebral cholesterol turnover and vice versa. Evidence gathered so far indicates that purine receptors, mainly the subtypes P2Y2, P2X7 and A2A, are involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s and Niemann–Pick C diseases, by controlling the brain cholesterol homeostasis; in addition, alterations in cholesterol turnover can hinder the purine receptor function. Although the precise mechanisms of these interactions are currently poorly understood, the results here collected on cholesterol–purine reciprocal control could hopefully promote further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Passarella
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ronci
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Valentina Di Liberto
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Zuccarini
- Department of Medical Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Mudò
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Carola Porcile
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Monica Frinchi
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Patrizia Di Iorio
- Department of Medical Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-060, Brazil
| | - Claudio Russo
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-087-440-4897
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2
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Suga K, Yamamoto-Hijikata S, Terao Y, Akagawa K, Ushimaru M. Golgi stress induces upregulation of the ER-Golgi SNARE Syntaxin-5, altered βAPP processing, and Caspase-3-dependent apoptosis in NG108-15 cells. Mol Cell Neurosci 2022; 121:103754. [PMID: 35842170 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2022.103754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The involvement of secretory pathways and Golgi dysfunction in neuronal cells during Alzheimer's disease progression is poorly understood. Our previous overexpression and knockdown studies revealed that the intracellular protein level of Syntaxin-5, an endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor-attachment protein receptor (SNARE), modulates beta-amyloid precursor protein processing in neuronal cells. We recently showed that changes in endogenous Syntaxin-5 protein expression occur under stress induction. Syntaxin-5 was upregulated by endoplasmic reticulum stress but was degraded by Caspase-3 during apoptosis in neuronal cells. In addition, we showed that sustained endoplasmic reticulum stress promotes Caspase-3-dependent apoptosis during the later phase of the endoplasmic reticulum stress response in NG108-15 cells. In this study, to elucidate the consequences of secretory pathway dysfunction in beta-amyloid precursor protein processing that lead to neuronal cell death, we examined the effect of various stresses on endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi SNARE expression and beta-amyloid precursor protein processing. By using compounds to disrupt Golgi function, we show that Golgi stress promotes upregulation of the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi SNARE Syntaxin-5, and prolonged stress causes Caspase-3-dependent apoptosis. Golgi stress induced intracellular beta-amyloid precursor protein accumulation and a concomitant decrease in total amyloid-beta production. We also examined the protective effect of the chemical chaperone 4-phenylbutylate on changes in amyloid-beta production and the activation of Caspase-3 induced by endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi stress. The compound alleviated the increase in the amyloid-beta 1-42/amyloid-beta 1-40 ratio induced by endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi stress. Furthermore, 4-phenylbutylate could rescue Caspase-3-dependent apoptosis induced by prolonged organelle stress. These results suggest that organelle stress originating from the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi has a substantial impact on the amyloidogenic processing of beta-amyloid precursor protein and Caspase-3-dependent apoptosis, leading to neuronal cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Suga
- Department of Chemistry, Kyorin University, Faculty of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan; Department of Medical Physiology, Kyorin University, Faculty of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan.
| | | | - Yasuo Terao
- Department of Medical Physiology, Kyorin University, Faculty of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Kimio Akagawa
- Department of Medical Physiology, Kyorin University, Faculty of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Makoto Ushimaru
- Department of Chemistry, Kyorin University, Faculty of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
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3
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Congenital disorder of glycosylation caused by starting site-specific variant in syntaxin-5. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6227. [PMID: 34711829 PMCID: PMC8553859 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26534-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) protein syntaxin-5 (Stx5) is essential for Golgi transport. In humans, the STX5 mRNA encodes two protein isoforms, Stx5 Long (Stx5L) from the first starting methionine and Stx5 Short (Stx5S) from an alternative starting methionine at position 55. In this study, we identify a human disorder caused by a single missense substitution in the second starting methionine (p.M55V), resulting in complete loss of the short isoform. Patients suffer from an early fatal multisystem disease, including severe liver disease, skeletal abnormalities and abnormal glycosylation. Primary human dermal fibroblasts isolated from these patients show defective glycosylation, altered Golgi morphology as measured by electron microscopy, mislocalization of glycosyltransferases, and compromised ER-Golgi trafficking. Measurements of cognate binding SNAREs, based on biotin-synchronizable forms of Stx5 (the RUSH system) and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), revealed that the short isoform of Stx5 is essential for intra-Golgi transport. Alternative starting codons of Stx5 are thus linked to human disease, demonstrating that the site of translation initiation is an important new layer of regulating protein trafficking.
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Douthit J, Hairston A, Lee G, Morrison CA, Holguera I, Treisman JE. R7 photoreceptor axon targeting depends on the relative levels of lost and found expression in R7 and its synaptic partners. eLife 2021; 10:65895. [PMID: 34003117 PMCID: PMC8205486 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
As neural circuits form, growing processes select the correct synaptic partners through interactions between cell surface proteins. The presence of such proteins on two neuronal processes may lead to either adhesion or repulsion; however, the consequences of mismatched expression have rarely been explored. Here, we show that the Drosophila CUB-LDL protein Lost and found (Loaf) is required in the UV-sensitive R7 photoreceptor for normal axon targeting only when Loaf is also present in its synaptic partners. Although targeting occurs normally in loaf mutant animals, removing loaf from photoreceptors or expressing it in their postsynaptic neurons Tm5a/b or Dm9 in a loaf mutant causes mistargeting of R7 axons. Loaf localizes primarily to intracellular vesicles including endosomes. We propose that Loaf regulates the trafficking or function of one or more cell surface proteins, and an excess of these proteins on the synaptic partners of R7 prevents the formation of stable connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Douthit
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute and Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Ariel Hairston
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute and Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Gina Lee
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute and Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Carolyn A Morrison
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute and Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Isabel Holguera
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, United States
| | - Jessica E Treisman
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute and Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, United States
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Motoike S, Taguchi K, Harada K, Asano M, Hide I, Tanaka S, Irifune M, Sakai N. Syntaxin 3 interacts with serotonin transporter and regulates its function. J Pharmacol Sci 2021; 145:297-307. [PMID: 33712280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we investigated the functional association of the serotonin transporter (SERT) with syntaxin-3 (STX3). We first overexpressed SERT and STX3 in various cells and examined their interaction, localization, and functional association. Immunoprecipitation studies revealed that STX3 interacted with SERT when expressed in COS-7 cells. Immunocytochemical studies revealed that SERT and STX3 were colocalized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus. STX3 overexpression significantly reduced the uptake activity of SERT by attenuating its plasma membrane expression, suggesting that overexpressed STX3 anchors SERT in the ER and Golgi apparatus. STX3 knockdown did not affect the uptake activity of SERT but altered its glycosylation state. To elucidate the association of STX3 with SERT under physiological conditions, rather than overexpressing cells, we investigated this interaction in polarized Caco-2 cells, which endogenously express both proteins. Immunocytochemical studies revealed that SERT and STX3 were localized in microvilli-like structures at the apical plasma membrane. STX3 knockdown marginally but significantly decreased the serotonin uptake activity of Caco-2 cells, suggesting that STX3 positively regulates SERT function in Caco-2 cells, as opposed to SERT regulation by STX3 in overexpressing cells. Collectively, STX3 may colocalize with SERT during SERT membrane trafficking and regulate SERT function in an STX3-expressing lesion-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serika Motoike
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Kei Taguchi
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Kana Harada
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Masaya Asano
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Izumi Hide
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Shigeru Tanaka
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Masahiro Irifune
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Norio Sakai
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
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Linders PT, Horst CVD, Beest MT, van den Bogaart G. Stx5-Mediated ER-Golgi Transport in Mammals and Yeast. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080780. [PMID: 31357511 PMCID: PMC6721632 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin 5 (Stx5) in mammals and its ortholog Sed5p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae mediate anterograde and retrograde endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi trafficking. Stx5 and Sed5p are structurally highly conserved and are both regulated by interactions with other ER-Golgi SNARE proteins, the Sec1/Munc18-like protein Scfd1/Sly1p and the membrane tethering complexes COG, p115, and GM130. Despite these similarities, yeast Sed5p and mammalian Stx5 are differently recruited to COPII-coated vesicles, and Stx5 interacts with the microtubular cytoskeleton, whereas Sed5p does not. In this review, we argue that these different Stx5 interactions contribute to structural differences in ER-Golgi transport between mammalian and yeast cells. Insight into the function of Stx5 is important given its essential role in the secretory pathway of eukaryotic cells and its involvement in infections and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Ta Linders
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Chiel van der Horst
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Ter Beest
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Geert van den Bogaart
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
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7
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Kizhakkedath P, John A, Al-Gazali L, Ali BR. Degradation routes of trafficking-defective VLDLR mutants associated with Dysequilibrium syndrome. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1583. [PMID: 29371607 PMCID: PMC5785505 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-19053-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) family members are involved in signaling in the developing brain. Previously we have reported that missense mutations in the Very Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor gene (VLDLR), causing Dysequilibrium syndrome (DES), disrupt ligand-binding, due to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention of the mutants. We explored the degradation routes of these VLDLR mutants in cultured cells. Our results indicate that VLDLR mutants are retained in the ER for prolonged periods which could be facilitated by association with the ER-resident chaperone calnexin. The mutants were prone to aggregation and capable of eliciting ER stress. The VLDLR mutants were found to be degraded predominantly by the proteasomal pathway, since ubiquitinated VLDLR was found to accumulate in response to proteasomal inhibition. Further, the mutants were found to interact with the ER degradation adaptor protein SEL1L. The degradation of VLDLR wild type and mutant were delayed in CRISPR/Cas9 edited SEL1L knock-out cells which was reversed by exogenous expression of SEL1L. In summary, ER retention of pathogenic VLDLR mutants involves binding to calnexin, elevated ER stress, and delayed degradation which is dependent on SEL1L. Since core LDLR family members share common structural domains, common mechanisms may be involved in their ER processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praseetha Kizhakkedath
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anne John
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lihadh Al-Gazali
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bassam R Ali
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. .,Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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8
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Westmeier D, Hahlbrock A, Reinhardt C, Fröhlich-Nowoisky J, Wessler S, Vallet C, Pöschl U, Knauer SK, Stauber RH. Nanomaterial–microbe cross-talk: physicochemical principles and (patho)biological consequences. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:5312-5337. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00691d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
NPs’ characteristics impact their spontaneous binding to microbes, which may affect the (patho)biological identity of both NP and microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Westmeier
- Department of Nanobiomedicine/ENT
- University Medical Center of Mainz
- 55101 Mainz
- Germany
| | - A. Hahlbrock
- Department of Nanobiomedicine/ENT
- University Medical Center of Mainz
- 55101 Mainz
- Germany
| | - C. Reinhardt
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis
- University Medical Center Mainz
- 55101 Mainz
- Germany
| | - J. Fröhlich-Nowoisky
- Multiphase Chemistry Department
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - S. Wessler
- Department of Molecular Biology
- Paris-Lodron University of Salzburg
- A-5020 Salzburg
- Austria
| | - C. Vallet
- Institute for Molecular Biology
- CENIDE
- University Duisburg-Essen
- 45117 Essen
- Germany
| | - U. Pöschl
- Multiphase Chemistry Department
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - S. K. Knauer
- Institute for Molecular Biology
- CENIDE
- University Duisburg-Essen
- 45117 Essen
- Germany
| | - R. H. Stauber
- Department of Nanobiomedicine/ENT
- University Medical Center of Mainz
- 55101 Mainz
- Germany
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9
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Nader N, Dib M, Courjaret R, Hodeify R, Machaca R, Graumann J, Machaca K. VLDL receptor regulates membrane progesterone receptor trafficking and non-genomic signaling. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.212522. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.212522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Progesterone mediates its physiological functions through activation of both transcription-coupled nuclear receptors and 7-transmembrane progesterone receptors (mPRs) that transduce progesterone's rapid non-genomic actions by coupling to various signaling modules. However, the immediate mechanisms of action downstream of mPRs remain in question. Herein we use an untargeted quantitative proteomics approach to identify mPR interactors to better define progesterone non-genomic signaling. Surprisingly, we identify the VLDL Receptor (VLDLR) as an mPR partner required for its plasma membrane localization. Knocking down VLDLR abolishes non-genomic progesterone signaling, a phenotype that is rescued by overexpressing VLDLR. Mechanistically, we show that the VLDLR is required for mPR trafficking from the ER to the Golgi. Taken together, our data define a novel function for the VLDLR as a trafficking chaperone required for the mPR subcellular localization and as such non-genomic progesterone-dependent signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Nader
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Education City – Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maya Dib
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Education City – Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Raphael Courjaret
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Education City – Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rawad Hodeify
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Education City – Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Raya Machaca
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Education City – Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Johannes Graumann
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Education City – Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Khaled Machaca
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Education City – Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
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10
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Schönherr C, Bien J, Isbert S, Wichert R, Prox J, Altmeppen H, Kumar S, Walter J, Lichtenthaler SF, Weggen S, Glatzel M, Becker-Pauly C, Pietrzik CU. Generation of aggregation prone N-terminally truncated amyloid β peptides by meprin β depends on the sequence specificity at the cleavage site. Mol Neurodegener 2016; 11:19. [PMID: 26895626 PMCID: PMC4759862 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-016-0084-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The metalloprotease meprin β cleaves the Alzheimer's Disease (AD) relevant amyloid precursor protein (APP) as a β-secretase reminiscent of BACE-1, however, predominantly generating N-terminally truncated Aβ2-x variants. RESULTS Herein, we observed increased endogenous sAPPα levels in the brains of meprin β knock-out (ko) mice compared to wild-type controls. We further analyzed the cellular interaction of APP and meprin β and found that cleavage of APP by meprin β occurs prior to endocytosis. The N-terminally truncated Aβ2-40 variant shows increased aggregation propensity compared to Aβ1-40 and acts even as a seed for Aβ1-40 aggregation. Additionally, we observed that different APP mutants affect the catalytic properties of meprin β and that, interestingly, meprin β is unable to generate N-terminally truncated Aβ peptides from Swedish mutant APP (APPswe). CONCLUSION Concluding, we propose that meprin β may be involved in the generation of N-terminally truncated Aβ2-x peptides of APP, but acts independently from BACE-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Schönherr
- Institute of Pathobiochemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jessica Bien
- Institute of Pathobiochemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Simone Isbert
- Institute of Pathobiochemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rielana Wichert
- Institute of Biochemistry, Unit for Degradomics of the Protease Web, Christian-Albrechts-University, Otto-Hahn-Platz 9, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Johannes Prox
- Institute of Biochemistry, Unit for Degradomics of the Protease Web, Christian-Albrechts-University, Otto-Hahn-Platz 9, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hermann Altmeppen
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sathish Kumar
- Department of Neurology, Molecular Cell Biology, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jochen Walter
- Department of Neurology, Molecular Cell Biology, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan F Lichtenthaler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) and Neuroproteomics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Sascha Weggen
- Department of Neuropathology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Becker-Pauly
- Institute of Biochemistry, Unit for Degradomics of the Protease Web, Christian-Albrechts-University, Otto-Hahn-Platz 9, 24118, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Claus U Pietrzik
- Institute of Pathobiochemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
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11
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Honda T, Nakajima K. Proper Level of Cytosolic Disabled-1, Which Is Regulated by Dual Nuclear Translocation Pathways, Is Important for Cortical Neuronal Migration. Cereb Cortex 2015. [PMID: 26209842 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhv162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Disabled-1 (Dab1) is an essential intracellular protein in the Reelin pathway. It has a nuclear localization signal (NLS; hereafter referred to as "NLS1") and 2 nuclear export signals, and shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. In this study, we found that Dab1 has an additional unidentified NLS, and that the Dab1 NLS1 mutant could translocate to the nucleus in an unconventional ATP/temperature-dependent and cytoplasmic factor/RanGTP gradient-independent manner. Additional mutations in the NLS1 mutant revealed that K(67) and K(69) are important for the nuclear transport. Furthermore, an excess of the intracellular domain of the Reelin receptors inhibited the nuclear translocation of Dab1. An in utero electroporation study showed that a large amount of Dab1 in the cytoplasm in migrating neurons inhibited the migration, and that forced transport of Dab1 into the nucleus attenuated this inhibitory effect. In addition, rescue experiments using yotari, an autosomal recessive mutant of dab1, revealed that cells expressing Dab1 NLS1 mutant tend to distribute at more superficial positions than those expressing wild-type Dab1. Taken together, these findings suggest that Dab1 has at least 2 NLSs, and that the regulation of the subcellular localization of Dab1 is important for the proper migration of excitatory neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Honda
- Department of Anatomy, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kazunori Nakajima
- Department of Anatomy, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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Docter D, Westmeier D, Markiewicz M, Stolte S, Knauer SK, Stauber RH. The nanoparticle biomolecule corona: lessons learned – challenge accepted? Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:6094-121. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00217f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 460] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Besides the wide use of engineered nanomaterials (NMs) in technical products, their applications are not only increasing in biotechnology and biomedicine, but also in the environmental field.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Docter
- Department of Nanobiomedicine/ENT
- University Medical Center of Mainz
- 55101 Mainz
- Germany
| | - D. Westmeier
- Department of Nanobiomedicine/ENT
- University Medical Center of Mainz
- 55101 Mainz
- Germany
| | - M. Markiewicz
- Department Sustainable Chemistry
- Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology (UFT)
- University of Bremen
- Bremen
| | - S. Stolte
- Department Sustainable Chemistry
- Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology (UFT)
- University of Bremen
- Bremen
- Department of Environmental Analytics
| | - S. K. Knauer
- Institute for Molecular Biology
- CENIDE
- Mainz Scientific Screening Center UG&Co. KG
- University Duisburg-Essen
- 45117 Essen
| | - R. H. Stauber
- Department of Nanobiomedicine/ENT
- University Medical Center of Mainz
- 55101 Mainz
- Germany
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