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Zhao J, Wu Y, Xiao T, Cheng C, Zhang T, Gao Z, Hu S, Ren Z, Yu X, Yang F, Li G. A specific anti-cyclin D1 intrabody represses breast cancer cell proliferation by interrupting the cyclin D1-CDK4 interaction. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023; 198:555-568. [PMID: 36808524 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-06866-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclin D1 overexpression may contribute to development of various cancers, including breast cancer, and thus may serve as a key cancer diagnostic marker and therapeutic target. In our previous study, we generated a cyclin D1-specific single-chain variable fragment antibody (ADκ) from a human semi-synthetic single-chain variable fragment library. ADκ specifically interacted with recombinant and endogenous cyclin D1 proteins through an unknown molecular basis to inhibit HepG2 cell growth and proliferation. RESULTS Here, using phage display and in silico protein structure modeling methods combined with cyclin D1 mutational analysis, key residues that bind to ADκ were identified. Notably, residue K112 within the cyclin box was required for cyclin D1-ADκ binding. In order to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying ADκ anti-tumor effects, a cyclin D1-specific nuclear localization signal-containing intrabody (NLS-ADκ) was constructed. When expressed within cells, NLS-ADκ interacted specifically with cyclin D1 to significantly inhibit cell proliferation, induce G1-phase arrest, and trigger apoptosis of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Moreover, the NLS-ADκ-cyclin D1 interaction blocked binding of cyclin D1 to CDK4 and inhibited RB protein phosphorylation, resulting in altered expression of downstream cell proliferation-related target genes. CONCLUSION We identified amino acid residues in cyclin D1 that may play key roles in the ADκ-cyclin D1 interaction. A nuclear localization antibody against cyclin D1 (NLS-ADκ) was constructed and successfully expressed in breast cancer cells. NLS-ADκ exerted tumor suppressor effects via blocking the binding of CDK4 to cyclin D1 and inhibiting phosphorylation of RB. The results presented here demonstrate anti-tumor potential of intrabody-based cyclin D1-targeted breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256600, China
| | - Tong Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Ziyang Gao
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Siyuan Hu
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Ze Ren
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Xinze Yu
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
| | - Guiying Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
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Akkapeddi P, Teng KW, Koide S. Monobodies as tool biologics for accelerating target validation and druggable site discovery. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:1839-1853. [PMID: 34820623 PMCID: PMC8597423 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00188d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite increased investment and technological advancement, new drug approvals have not proportionally increased. Low drug approval rates, particularly for new targets, are linked to insufficient target validation at early stages. Thus, there remains a strong need for effective target validation techniques. Here, we review the use of synthetic binding proteins as tools for drug target validation, with focus on the monobody platform among several advanced synthetic binding protein platforms. Monobodies with high affinity and high selectivity can be rapidly developed against challenging targets, such as KRAS mutants, using protein engineering technologies. They have strong tendency to bind to functional sites and thus serve as drug-like molecules, and they can serve as targeting ligands for constructing bio-PROTACs. Genetically encoded monobodies are effective "tool biologics" for validating intracellular targets. They promote crystallization and help reveal the atomic structures of the monobody-target interface, which can inform drug design. Using case studies, we illustrate the potential of the monobody technology in accelerating target validation and small-molecule drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padma Akkapeddi
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Kai Wen Teng
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Shohei Koide
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center New York NY USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine New York NY USA
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Wu Y, Tang W, Cao Y, Jiang D, Zhao L, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Li C, Cheng C, Wang S, Yang F, Zhu X, Li G. A Cyclin D1-Specific Single-Chain Variable Fragment Antibody that Inhibits HepG2 Cell Growth and Proliferation. Biotechnol J 2020; 15:e1900430. [PMID: 32170989 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201900430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Cyclin D1 is a key regulatory factor of the G1 to S transition during cell cycle progression. Aberrant cyclin D gene amplification and abnormal protein expression have been linked to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumorigenesis. Intrabodies, effective anticancer therapies that specifically inhibit target protein function within all intracellular compartments, may block cyclin D1 function. Here, a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody against cyclin D1 (ADκ) selected from a human semi-synthetic phage display scFv library is expressed in Escherichia coli as soluble ADκ. Purified ADκ specifically binds to recombinant and endogenous cyclin D1 with high affinity. To enable blocking of intracellular cyclin D1 activity, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention signal sequence is added to the ADκ sequence to encode anti-cyclin D1 intrabody ER-ADκ. Transfection of HepG2 cells with expression vector encoding ER-ADκ elicited intracellular ER-ADκ expression leading to cyclin D1 binding, significant G1 phase arrest, and apoptosis that are mechanistically tied to decreased intracellular phosphorylated retinoblastoma protein (Rb) levels. Meanwhile, ER-ADκ dramatically inhibited subcutaneous human HCC xenografts growth in nude mice in vivo after injection of tumors with expression vector encoding ER-ADκ. These results demonstrate the potential of intrabody-based cyclin D1 targeting therapy as a promising treatment for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wu
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256600, China
| | - Weiwei Tang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.,Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110042, China.,Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, 110042, China
| | - Yuhua Cao
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Dazhi Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Liangzhong Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.,Department of Immunoassay Technology, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Jialiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.,Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Chengjuan Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Guiying Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
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4
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Slastnikova TA, Ulasov AV, Rosenkranz AA, Sobolev AS. Targeted Intracellular Delivery of Antibodies: The State of the Art. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1208. [PMID: 30405420 PMCID: PMC6207587 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A dominant area of antibody research is the extension of the use of this mighty experimental and therapeutic tool for the specific detection of molecules for diagnostics, visualization, and activity blocking. Despite the ability to raise antibodies against different proteins, numerous applications of antibodies in basic research fields, clinical practice, and biotechnology are restricted to permeabilized cells or extracellular antigens, such as membrane or secreted proteins. With the exception of small groups of autoantibodies, natural antibodies to intracellular targets cannot be used within living cells. This excludes the scope of a major class of intracellular targets, including some infamous cancer-associated molecules. Some of these targets are still not druggable via small molecules because of large flat contact areas and the absence of deep hydrophobic pockets in which small molecules can insert and perturb their activity. Thus, the development of technologies for the targeted intracellular delivery of antibodies, their fragments, or antibody-like molecules is extremely important. Various strategies for intracellular targeting of antibodies via protein-transduction domains or their mimics, liposomes, polymer vesicles, and viral envelopes, are reviewed in this article. The pitfalls, challenges, and perspectives of these technologies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana A. Slastnikova
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Intracellular Transport, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. V. Ulasov
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Intracellular Transport, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. A. Rosenkranz
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Intracellular Transport, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. S. Sobolev
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Intracellular Transport, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Tamaki Y, Shodai A, Morimura T, Hikiami R, Minamiyama S, Ayaki T, Tooyama I, Furukawa Y, Takahashi R, Urushitani M. Elimination of TDP-43 inclusions linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by a misfolding-specific intrabody with dual proteolytic signals. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6030. [PMID: 29662239 PMCID: PMC5902603 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24463-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggregation of TAR DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) is implicated in the pathogenesis of sporadic and certain familial forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), suggesting elimination of TDP-43 aggregates as a possible therapeutic strategy. Here we generated and investigated a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) derived from the 3B12A monoclonal antibody (MAb) that recognises D247 of the TDP-43 nuclear export signal, an epitope masked in the physiological state. In transfected HEK293A cells, 3B12A scFv recapitulated the affinity of the full-length MAb to mislocalised TDP-43 with a defective nuclear localising signal and to a TDP-43 inclusion mimic with cysteine-to-serine substitution at RRM1. Moreover, 3B12A scFv accelerated proteasome-mediated degradation of aggregated TDP-43, likely due to an endogenous PEST-like proteolytic signal sequence in the VH domain CDR2 region. Addition of the chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA)-related signal to 3B12A scFv induced HSP70 transcription, further enhancing TDP-43 aggregate clearance and cell viability. The 3B12A scFv also reduced TDP-43 aggregates in embryonic mouse brain following in utero electroporation while causing no overt postnatal brain pathology or developmental anomalies. These results suggest that a misfolding-specific intrabody prone to synergistic proteolysis by proteasomal and autophagic pathways is a promising strategy for mitigation of TDP-43 proteinopathy in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Tamaki
- Department of Neurology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akemi Shodai
- Department of Neurology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Morimura
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Ryota Hikiami
- Department of Neurology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sumio Minamiyama
- Department of Neurology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Ayaki
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ikuo Tooyama
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | | | - Ryosuke Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Urushitani
- Department of Neurology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan. .,Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
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6
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Antibodies inside of a cell can change its outside: Can intrabodies provide a new therapeutic paradigm? Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2016; 14:304-8. [PMID: 27570612 PMCID: PMC4990636 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Challenges posed by complex diseases such as cancer, chronic viral infections, neurodegenerative disorders and many others have forced researchers to think beyond classic small molecule drugs, exploring new therapeutic strategies such as therapy with RNAi, CRISPR/Cas9 or antibody therapies as single or as combination therapies with existing drugs. While classic antibody therapies based on parenteral application can only reach extracellular targets, intracellular application of antibodies could provide specific advantages but is so far little recognized in translational research. Intrabodies allow high specificity and targeting of splice variants or post translational modifications. At the same time off target effects can be minimized by thorough biochemical characterization. Knockdown of cellular proteins by intrabodies has been reported for a significant number of disease-relevant targets, including ErbB-2, EGFR, VEGFR-2, Metalloproteinase MMP2 and MMP9, β-amyloid protein, α-synuclein, HIV gp120, HCV core and many others. This review outlines the recent advances in ER intrabody technology and their potential use in therapy.
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