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Wang D, Wang F, Huang Y, Wang J, Luo H, Zhang P, Peng J, Tang G, Wang Y, Yu L, Ni D. TSLP/TSLPR promotes renal fibrosis by activating STAT3 in renal fibroblasts. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 121:110430. [PMID: 37364323 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated the importance of TSLP-TSLPR in inflammatory, allergic, and fibrotic diseases. However, their exact molecular mechanism in regulating renal fibrosis has not been fully explored yet. The current study identified the high expression levels of TSLP and TSLPR in human and mouse hydronephrotic tissues. In addition, immunofluorescence staining showed that TSLP was highly expressed in renal tubular cells, while TSLPR was mainly co-localized with α-SMA, a marker of fibroblasts. Knocking out TSLPR in the UUO model could alleviate the severity of renal fibrosis. Most importantly, the application of antibody blockade of TSLP reduced the fibrotic level in the UUO model. The functional analysis revealed that the hypoxic exposure could induce the overexpression of TSLP in renal tubular cells via HIF-1α. The tubular cell-derived TSLP could bind to the TSLPR of fibroblasts in a paracrine manner to activate them. Specifically, the HIF-1α/TSLP/TSLPR-axis could activate fibroblasts through the STAT3 signaling pathway. This study revealed a mechanistic interaction of HIF-1α/TSLP/TSLPR and STAT3 signaling pathways in the activation and proliferation of human and murine kidney fibroblasts; these pathways might be exploited as a therapeutic target in renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Decai Wang
- Department of Urology, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Huiwen Luo
- Nuclear Medicine Laboratory of Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Pu Zhang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jingtao Peng
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Gang Tang
- Tianma Town Public Health Centre, Dujiangyan City, Chengdu 611830, China
| | - Yaodong Wang
- Department of Urology, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Periodontics & Oral Mucosal Diseases, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration of Luzhou Key Laboratory, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Dong Ni
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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O'Byrne PM, Panettieri RA, Taube C, Brindicci C, Fleming M, Altman P. Development of an inhaled anti-TSLP therapy for asthma. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2023; 78:102184. [PMID: 36535465 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2022.102184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), an epithelial cell-derived cytokine, acts as a key mediator in airway inflammation and modulates the function of multiple cell types, including dendritic cells and group 2 innate lymphoid cells. TSLP plays a role in asthma pathogenesis as an upstream cytokine, and data suggest that TSLP blockade with the anti-TSLP monoclonal antibody, tezepelumab, could be efficacious in a broad asthma population. Currently approved asthma biologic therapies target allergic or eosinophilic disease and require phenotyping; therefore, an unmet need exists for a therapy that can address Type 2 (T2)-high and T2-low inflammation in asthma. All currently approved biologic treatments are delivered intravenously or subcutaneously; an inhaled therapy route that allows direct targeting of the lung with reduced systemic impact may offer advantages. Currently in development, ecleralimab (CSJ117) represents the first inhaled anti-TSLP antibody fragment that binds soluble TSLP and prevents TSLP receptor activation, thereby inhibiting further inflammatory signalling cascades. This anti-TSLP antibody fragment is being developed for patients with severe uncontrolled asthma despite standard of care inhaled therapy. A Phase IIa proof of concept study, using allergen bronchoprovocation as a model for asthma exacerbations, found that ecleralimab was well-tolerated and reduced allergen-induced bronchoconstriction in adult patients with mild asthma. These results suggest ecleralimab may be a promising, new therapeutic class for asthma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M O'Byrne
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St. Joseph's Healthcare and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | | | - Christian Taube
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Germany
| | | | | | - Pablo Altman
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, New Jersey, USA.
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Abstract
Type 2 immunity is characterized by the production of IL-4, IL-5, IL-9 and IL-13, and this immune response is commonly observed in tissues during allergic inflammation or infection with helminth parasites. However, many of the key cell types associated with type 2 immune responses - including T helper 2 cells, eosinophils, mast cells, basophils, type 2 innate lymphoid cells and IL-4- and IL-13-activated macrophages - also regulate tissue repair following injury. Indeed, these cell populations engage in crucial protective activity by reducing tissue inflammation and activating important tissue-regenerative mechanisms. Nevertheless, when type 2 cytokine-mediated repair processes become chronic, over-exuberant or dysregulated, they can also contribute to the development of pathological fibrosis in many different organ systems. In this Review, we discuss the mechanisms by which type 2 immunity contributes to tissue regeneration and fibrosis following injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard L Gieseck
- Immunopathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA
| | - Mark S Wilson
- Immunology Discovery, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
| | - Thomas A Wynn
- Immunopathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA
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Zhao S, Gao Y, Xia X, Che Y, Wang Y, Liu H, Sun Y, Ren W, Han W, Yang J, Lei L. TGF-β1 promotes Staphylococcus aureus adhesion to and invasion into bovine mammary fibroblasts via the ERK pathway. Microb Pathog 2017; 106:25-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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