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Pakpahan ND, Kyawsoewin M, Manokawinchoke J, Termkwancharoen C, Egusa H, Limraksasin P, Osathanon T. Effects of mechanical loading on matrix homeostasis and differentiation potential of periodontal ligament cells: A scoping review. J Periodontal Res 2024. [PMID: 38736036 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Various mechanical loadings, including mechanical stress, orthodontics forces, and masticatory force, affect the functions of periodontal ligament cells. Regulation of periodontal tissue destruction, formation, and differentiation functions are crucial processes for periodontal regeneration therapy. Numerous studies have reported that different types of mechanical loading play a role in maintaining periodontal tissue matrix homeostasis, and osteogenic differentiation of the periodontal ligament cells. This scoping review aims to evaluate the studies regarding the effects of various mechanical loadings on the secretion of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, regulation of the balance between formation and destruction of periodontal tissue matrix, osteogenic differentiation, and multiple differentiation functions of the periodontal ligament. An electronic search for this review has been conducted on two databases; MEDLINE via PubMed and SCOPUS. Study selection criteria included original research written in English that reported the effects of different mechanical loadings on matrix homeostasis and differentiation potential of periodontal ligament cells. The final 204 articles were mainly included in the present scoping review. Mechanical forces of the appropriate magnitude, duration, and pattern have a positive influence on the secretion of ECM components such as collagen, as well as regulate the secretion of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases. Additionally, these forces regulate a balance between osteoblastic and osteoclast differentiation. Conversely, incorrect mechanical loadings can lead to abnormal formation and destruction of both soft and hard tissue. This review provides additional insight into how mechanical loadings impact ECM homeostasis and multiple differentiation functions of periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs), thus making it valuable for regenerative periodontal treatment. In combination with advancing technologies, the utilization of ECM components, application of different aspects of mechanical force, and differentiation potential of PDLCs could bring potential benefits to future periodontal regeneration therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Novena Dameria Pakpahan
- Center of Excellence for Dental Stem Cell Biology and Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Regenerative Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Maythwe Kyawsoewin
- Center of Excellence for Dental Stem Cell Biology and Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Regenerative Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jeeranan Manokawinchoke
- Center of Excellence for Dental Stem Cell Biology and Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Regenerative Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chutimon Termkwancharoen
- Center of Excellence for Dental Stem Cell Biology and Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Regenerative Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Hiroshi Egusa
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Center for Advanced Stem Cell and Regenerative Research, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Phoonsuk Limraksasin
- Center of Excellence for Dental Stem Cell Biology and Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Regenerative Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Thanaphum Osathanon
- Center of Excellence for Dental Stem Cell Biology and Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Regenerative Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Ma J, Fan H, Geng H. Distinct and overlapping functions of YAP and TAZ in tooth development and periodontal homeostasis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 11:1281250. [PMID: 38259513 PMCID: PMC10800899 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1281250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) involves mechanical-biochemical signal transduction, which results in tissue remodeling of the tooth-periodontium complex and the movement of orthodontic teeth. The dynamic regulation of osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis serves as the biological basis for remodeling of the periodontium, and more importantly, the prerequisite for establishing periodontal homeostasis. Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) are key effectors of the Hippo signaling pathway, which actively respond to mechanical stimuli during tooth movement. Specifically, they participate in translating mechanical into biochemical signals, thereby regulating periodontal homeostasis, periodontal remodeling, and tooth development. YAP and TAZ have widely been considered as key factors to prevent dental dysplasia, accelerate orthodontic tooth movement, and shorten treatment time. In this review, we summarize the functions of YAP and TAZ in regulating tooth development and periodontal remodeling, with the aim to gain a better understanding of their mechanisms of action and provide insights into maintaining proper tooth development and establishing a healthy periodontal and alveolar bone environment. Our findings offer novel perspectives and directions for targeted clinical treatments. Moreover, considering the similarities and differences in the development, structure, and physiology between YAP and TAZ, these molecules may exhibit functional variations in specific regulatory processes. Hence, we pay special attention to their distinct roles in specific regulatory functions to gain a comprehensive and profound understanding of their contributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ma
- Department of Oral Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Haixia Fan
- Department of Oral Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Haixia Geng
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
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Chang YT, Lai CC, Lin DJ. Collagen Scaffolds Laden with Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts Promote Periodontal Regeneration in SD Rat Model. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2649. [PMID: 37376295 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease caused by microbial communities carrying pathogens, leads to the loss of tooth-supporting tissues and is a significant contributor to tooth loss. This study aims to develop a novel injectable cell-laden hydrogel consisted of collagen (COL), riboflavin, and a dental light-emitting diode (LED) photo-cross-linking process for periodontal regeneration. Utilizing α-SMA and ALP immunofluorescence markers, we confirmed the differentiation of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPLFs) into myofibroblasts and preosteoblasts within collagen scaffolds in vitro. Twenty-four rats with three-wall artificial periodontal defects were divided into four groups, Blank, COL_LED, COL_HPLF, and COL_HPLF_LED, and histomorphometrically assessed after 6 weeks. Notably, the COL_HPLF_LED group showed less relative epithelial downgrowth (p < 0.01 for Blank, p < 0.05 for COL_LED and COL_HPLF), and the relative residual bone defect was significantly reduced in the COL_HPLF_LED group compared to the Blank and the COL_LED group (p < 0.05). The results indicated that LED photo-cross-linking collagen scaffolds possess sufficient strength to withstand the forces of surgical process and biting, providing support for HPLF cells embedded within them. The secretion of cells is suggested to promote the repair of adjacent tissues, including well-oriented periodontal ligament and alveolar bone regeneration. The approach developed in this study demonstrates clinical feasibility and holds promise for achieving both functional and structural regeneration of periodontal defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Tao Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Ching Lai
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
| | - Dan-Jae Lin
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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The Balance between Orthodontic Force and Radiation in the Jawbone: Microstructural, Histological, and Molecular Study in a Rat Model. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10111203. [PMID: 34827196 PMCID: PMC8615105 DOI: 10.3390/biology10111203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Patients with head and neck cancer are frequently treated by radiation, which results in a lifelong risk of damage (necrosis) to the jawbones. Some of the irradiated young patients at a later time in life may be interested in orthodontic treatment for esthetic or functional purposes. We undertook this study in order to investigate changes that occur in irradiated jawbones when mild orthodontic force is applied in a rat laboratory model. We found that one low dose of radiation had negatively affected the jawbones and that these changes were visible in X-ray images as well as in microscopic slides. The irradiated bones seemed to be denser in the X-rays and had fewer cells that usually regulate normal bone turnover, compared to non-irradiated bones. However, when orthodontic force was applied after radiation, the changes in the irradiated bones were largely, but not completely, reversed in both X-rays and microscopy to the point that bone properties were approaching those of non-irradiated, orthodontically treated, bones. The findings of this study indicate that orthodontic force may have a beneficial effect on the maintenance of jawbone vitality after radiation, but additional studies using different time-lags between radiation and orthodontic force and higher radiation doses are warranted to support these findings. Abstract Irradiation of facial bones is associated with a lifelong risk of osteonecrosis. In a rat model, maxillae were exposed to a single 5 Gy dose of external beam radiation and orthodontic force was applied for 2 weeks on the first maxillary molar; control rats were treated identically without radiation. Tooth movement in irradiated jaws was 30% less than in controls, representing radiation-related damage. Micro-CT, histological, and molecular outcomes of orthodontic tooth movement were studied. Microstructurally, bone parameters (trabecular thickness, bone volume fraction, bone mineral density) were significantly affected by orthodontic force but not by radiation. Histological parameters were influenced only by orthodontic force, especially by an increase in osteoclasts. A molecular study revealed a differential distribution of cells expressing pre-osteoclast markers (RANK+—majority, CD11b+, CD14+—minority), with changes being influenced by orthodontic force (increased CD11b+ and CD14+ cells) and also by radiation (decreased RANK+ cells). The activation status of osteoclasts (TRAP staining) showed an orthodontic-force-related increase, which probably could not fully compensate for the radiation-associated impairment. The overall balance showed that orthodontic force had elicited a substantial microstructural, histological, and functional normalization process in irradiated maxillae but a radiation-induced impact was still conspicuous. Additional studies are needed to validate these findings.
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Li Y, Zhan Q, Bao M, Yi J, Li Y. Biomechanical and biological responses of periodontium in orthodontic tooth movement: up-date in a new decade. Int J Oral Sci 2021; 13:20. [PMID: 34183652 PMCID: PMC8239047 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-021-00125-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, orthodontic treatment has become increasingly popular. However, the biological mechanisms of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) have not been fully elucidated. We were aiming to summarize the evidences regarding the mechanisms of OTM. Firstly, we introduced the research models as a basis for further discussion of mechanisms. Secondly, we proposed a new hypothesis regarding the primary roles of periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) and osteocytes involved in OTM mechanisms and summarized the biomechanical and biological responses of the periodontium in OTM through four steps, basically in OTM temporal sequences, as follows: (1) Extracellular mechanobiology of periodontium: biological, mechanical, and material changes of acellular components in periodontium under orthodontic forces were introduced. (2) Cell strain: the sensing, transduction, and regulation of mechanical stimuli in PDLCs and osteocytes. (3) Cell activation and differentiation: the activation and differentiation mechanisms of osteoblast and osteoclast, the force-induced sterile inflammation, and the communication networks consisting of sensors and effectors. (4) Tissue remodeling: the remodeling of bone and periodontal ligament (PDL) in the compression side and tension side responding to mechanical stimuli and root resorption. Lastly, we talked about the clinical implications of the updated OTM mechanisms, regarding optimal orthodontic force (OOF), acceleration of OTM, and prevention of root resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Minyue Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianru Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Zhao S, Nan L, Wang Y, Wei L, Mo S. Effects of Smad4 on the expression of caspase‑3 and Bcl‑2 in human gingival fibroblasts cultured on 3D PLGA scaffolds induced by compressive force. Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:25. [PMID: 33495811 PMCID: PMC7846422 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) are the main cells that comprise gingival tissue, where they transfer mechanical signals under physiological and pathological conditions. The exact mechanism underlying gingival tissue reconstruction under compressive forces remains unclear. The present study aimed to explore the effects of Smad4, caspase-3 and Bcl-2 on the proliferation of HGFs induced by compressive force. HGFs were cultured on poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) scaffolds under an optimal compressive force of 25 g/cm2. Cell viability was determined via Cell Counting Kit-8 assays at 0, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h. The expression levels of Smad4, caspase-3 and Bcl-2 were measured via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. The application of compressive force on HGFs for 24 h resulted in a significant increase in cell proliferation and Bcl-2 expression, but a significant decrease in the expression of Smad4 and caspase-3; however, inverse trends were observed by 72 h. Subsequently, a lentivirus was used to overexpress Smad4 in HGFs, which attenuated the effects of compressive force on HGF proliferation and Bcl-2 expression, but enhanced caspase-3 expression, suggesting that Smad4 may regulate compressive force-induced apoptosis in HGFs. In conclusion, these findings increased understanding regarding the mechanisms of compressive force-induced HGF proliferation and apoptosis, which may provide further insight for improving the efficacy and stability of orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Lan Nan
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Liying Wei
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Shuixue Mo
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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Cui Z, Wang XN, Lu Y, Wu P, Zhao HG, Li QL, Xu YH. miR-140 inhibits osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts through ras homolog gene family, member A -transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif pathway. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2020; 37:38-46. [PMID: 32841515 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteogenesis induced by mechanical stretch is the main factor affecting the orthodontic treatment. Due to the masticatory force transmitted by tooth, human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLFs) could enhance osteogenic differentiation, and remolding of periodontal. Therefore, in-depth study of hPDLFs osteogenic differentiation and its regulatory mechanism is helpful in the understanding of periodontal remolding promoted by orthodontic force. In the present study, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide showed that miR-140 inhibited the viability of hPDLFs cells. Moreover, we provided evidence that miR-140 inhibited alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Alizarin Red S (ARS) activity and the mRNA expression of osteogenesis associated genes, including ALP, runt-related transcription factor 2, collagen 1, and osteocalcin. Besides, double-luciferase reporter result demonstrated that Ras homolog gene family, member A (RhoA) was a downstream target gene of miR-140, and by inhibiting RhoA-transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) signaling pathway, miR-140 suppressed the osteogenesis differentiation of hPDLFs. Furthermore, overexpression of RhoA or TAZ promoted ALP activity, ARS activity and osteogenesis associated genes expression, which was inhibited by miR-140 mimics. Our findings not only provided a possible mechanism of hPDLFs osteogenic differentiation but also proposed the clinical application of miR-140 inhibitor to target RhoA-TAZ for orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Cui
- Department of General Surgery, Changchun Children's Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao-Ning Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Changchun Children's Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Changchun Children's Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Hong-Guang Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Changchun Children's Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Qiu-Lin Li
- Department of General Surgery, Changchun Children's Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Yun-He Xu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Wang Y, Du C, Wan W, He C, Wu S, Wang T, Wang F, Zou R. shRNA knockdown of integrin-linked kinase on hPDLCs migration, proliferation, and apoptosis under cyclic tensile stress. Oral Dis 2020; 26:1747-1754. [PMID: 32531841 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the roles of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) in mediating the cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) in response to cyclic tensile stress. METHODS Primary hPDLCs were obtained through the enzyme digestion and tissue culture method. Short hairpin ILK-expressing hPDLCs were constructed using a recombinant lentiviral vector that specifically targeted ILK gene expression. The silencing of the ILK gene was identified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. The hPDLCs were seeded on a flexible substrate and loaded with cyclic tensile stress at 0.5 Hz for 0, 2, 4, and 8 hr, consecutively, with the Flexcell Tension System. The response of cell migration was tested by the scratch assay. Cell proliferation was characterized by optical density (OD) value of cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) test and Ki67 mRNA expression of qRT-PCR. Cell apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry and Caspase-3 mRNA expression of qRT-PCR. RESULTS Knocking down ILK substantially reduces migration and proliferation as well as regulates the sensitivity of hPDLCs to apoptosis under cyclic tensile stress. CONCLUSIONS ILK can promote the proliferation and migration as well as inhibit apoptosis of hPDLCs under cyclic tensile stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | | | - Wanting Wan
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chuan He
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shiyang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tairan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Zou
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Kulakov AA, Kogan EA, Brailovskaya TV, Vedyaeva AP, Zharkov NV. Immunohistochemical and Morphological Study of Periodontal Tissues in Predicting the Results of Dental Implantation in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis. DOKLADY BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE USSR, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES SECTIONS 2019; 488:156-159. [PMID: 31732903 DOI: 10.1134/s0012496619050041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Morphological and immunohistochemical examination was made on 24 gum biopsies obtained from 35- to 60-year-old patients with diagnosis of partial secondary adentia, chronic generalized moderate to severe periodontitis (19 patients), as well as on the biopsy samples from five patients without pathological periodontal changes who underwent dental implantation. Serial paraffin sections were treated with antibodies against Ki-67, VEGF, and SMA. In patients with severe chronic periodontitis, a high proliferative activity of epithelium indicative of hyperplastic changes was observed, as well as a reduced number of the SMA-positive cells and actual absence of the SMA-positive cell couplings associated with the "growth zones" in tissues, which testifies indirectly to a lower tissue regenerative capacity. Hence, before dental implantation, additional anti-inflammatory and pro-regenerative treatment is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Kulakov
- First Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health, 119991, Moscow, Russia.,Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 119146, Moscow, Russia
| | - E A Kogan
- First Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - T V Brailovskaya
- First Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health, 119991, Moscow, Russia.,Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 119146, Moscow, Russia
| | - A P Vedyaeva
- First Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health, 119991, Moscow, Russia. .,Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 119146, Moscow, Russia.
| | - N V Zharkov
- First Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health, 119991, Moscow, Russia
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10
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Suwanwela J, Hansamuit K, Manokawinchoke J, Sa-Ard-Iam N, Mahanonda R, Pavasant P, Osathanon T. Gene expression profiling of Jagged1-treated human periodontal ligament cells. Oral Dis 2019; 25:1203-1213. [PMID: 30776172 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Jagged1 regulates several biological functions in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLs). The present study aimed to evaluate mRNA expression profiling of Jagged1-treated hPDLs using microarray technique. METHODS Notch ligands, Jagged1, were indirectly immobilized on tissue culture surface. Subsequently, hPDLs were seeded on Jagged1 immobilized surface and maintained in growth medium for 48 hr. Total RNA was collected and processed. Gene expression profiling was examined using microarray technique. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence staining were employed to determine mRNA and protein expression levels, respectively. Cell proliferation and colony-forming unit assay were performed. Cell cycle was evaluated using propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry analysis. RESULTS The isolated cells demonstrated fibroblast-like morphology and exhibited the co-expression of CD44, CD90, and CD105 surface markers. After stimulated with Jagged1, the total of 411 genes was differentially expressed, consisting both coding and non-coding genes. For coding genes, 165 and 160 coding genes were upregulated and downregulated, respectively. Pathway analysis revealed that the upregulated genes were mainly involved in cellular interactions, signal transduction, and collagen formation and degradation while the downregulated genes were in the events and phases in cell cycle. Jagged1 significantly decreased cell proliferation, reduced colony-forming unit ability, and induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in hPDLs. CONCLUSION Jagged1 regulates various biological pathways in hPDLs. This gene expression profiling could help to understand the mechanisms potentially involved in the Notch signaling regulation in periodontal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaijam Suwanwela
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanokporn Hansamuit
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jeeranan Manokawinchoke
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Center of Excellencefor Regenerative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Noppadol Sa-Ard-Iam
- Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rangsini Mahanonda
- Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prasit Pavasant
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Center of Excellencefor Regenerative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanaphum Osathanon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Center of Excellencefor Regenerative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Genomics and Precision Dentistry Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Li S, Liang M, Gao D, Su Q, Laher I. Changes in Titin and Collagen Modulate Effects of Aerobic and Resistance Exercise on Diabetic Cardiac Function. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2019; 12:404-414. [PMID: 30820865 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-019-09875-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Diastolic dysfunction is a common complication that occurs early in diabetes mellitus. Titin and collagen are two important regulators of myocardial passive tension, which contributes to diabetic myocardial diastolic dysfunction. Exercise therapy significantly improves the impaired diabetic cardiac function, but its benefits appear to depend on the type of exercise used. We investigated the effect of aerobic and resistance exercise on cardiac diastolic function in diabetic rats induced by high-fat diet combined with low-dose streptozotocin injection. Interestingly, although resistance training had a more pronounced effect on blood glucose control than did aerobic training in type 2 diabetic rats, improvements in cardiac diastolic parameters benefited more from aerobic training. Moreover, aerobic exercise did significantly increase the expression levels of titin and decrease collagen I, TGFβ1 expression level. In summary, out data suggest that aerobic exercise may improve diabetic cardiac function through changes in titin-dependent myocardial stiffness rather than collagen-dependent interstitial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunchang Li
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport Institute, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Min Liang
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport Institute, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Derun Gao
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport Institute, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Quansheng Su
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport Institute, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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Nan L, Zheng Y, Liao N, Li S, Wang Y, Chen Z, Wei L, Zhao S, Mo S. Mechanical force promotes the proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis of human gingival fibroblasts cultured on 3D PLGA scaffolds via TGF‑β expression. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:2107-2114. [PMID: 30664222 PMCID: PMC6390077 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) are responsible for connective tissue repair and scarring, and are exposed to mechanical forces under physiological and pathological conditions. The exact mechanisms underlying gingival tissue reconstruction under mechanical forces remain unclear. The present study aimfed to investigate the effects of mechanical forces on the proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis in HGFs by establishing a 3-dimensional (3D) HGF culture model using poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) scaffolds. HGFs were cultured in 3D PLGA scaffolds and a mechanical force of 0, 5, 15, 25 or 35 g/cm2 was applied to HGFs for 24 h. A mechanical force of 25 g/cm2 induced the highest proliferation rate, and thus was selected for subsequent experiments. Cell viability was determined using the MTT assay at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h. The expression levels of type I collagen (COL-1) and matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)-1 were examined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and ELISA, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β expression was evaluated by ELISA. The application of mechanical force on HGFs cultured on the 3D PLGA scaffolds resulted in a significant increase in cell proliferation and COL-1 expression, as well as a decrease in MMP-1 expression. A TGF-β1 inhibitor was also applied, which attenuated the effects of mechanical force on HGF proliferation, and COL-1 and MMP-1 expression, thus suggesting that TGF-β signaling pathways may mediate the mechanical force-induced alterations observed in HGFs. In conclusion, these findings helped to clarify the mechanisms underlying mechanical force-induced HGF proliferation and ECM synthesis, which may promote the development of targeted therapeutics to treat various diseases, including gingival atrophy caused by orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Nan
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Ni Liao
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Songze Li
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Zhixing Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Liying Wei
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Shuixue Mo
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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Expression of biological mediators during orthodontic tooth movement: A systematic review. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 95:170-186. [PMID: 30130671 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present systematic review was to offer a timeline of the events taking place during orthodontic tooth movement(OTM). MATERIALS AND METHODS Electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science and EMBASE were searched up to November 2017. All studies describing the expression of signaling proteins in the periodontal ligament(PDL) of teeth subjected to OTM or describing the expression of signaling proteins in human cells of the periodontal structures subjected to static mechanical loading were considered eligible for inclusion for respectively the in-vivo or the in-vitro part. Risk of bias assessment was conducted according to the validated SYRCLE's RoB tool for animal studies and guideline for assessing quality of in-vitro studies for in-vitro studies. RESULTS We retrieved 7583 articles in the initial electronic search, from which 79 and 51 were finally analyzed. From the 139 protein investigated, only the inflammatory proteins interleukin(IL)-1β, cyclooxygenase(COX)-2 and prostaglandin(PG)-E2, osteoblast markers osteocalcin and runt-related transcription factor(RUNX)2, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand(RANKL) and osteoprotegerin(OPG) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases(ERK)1/2 are investigated in 10 or more studies. CONCLUSION The investigated proteins were presented in a theoretical model of OTM. We can conclude that the cell activation and differentiation and recruitment of osteoclasts is mediated by osteocytes, osteoblasts and PDL cells, but that the osteogenic differentiation is only seen in stem cell present in the PDL. In addition, the recently discovered Ephrin/Ephs seem to play an role parallel with the thoroughly investigated RANKL/OPG system in mediating bone resorption during OTM.
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