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Luo J, Walker M, Xiao Y, Donnelly H, Dalby MJ, Salmeron-Sanchez M. The influence of nanotopography on cell behaviour through interactions with the extracellular matrix – A review. Bioact Mater 2022; 15:145-159. [PMID: 35386337 PMCID: PMC8940943 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotopography presents an effective physical approach for biomaterial cell manipulation mediated through material-extracellular matrix interactions. The extracellular matrix that exists in the cellular microenvironment is crucial for guiding cell behaviours, such as determination of integrin ligation and interaction with growth factors. These interactions with the extracellular matrix regulate downstream mechanotransductive pathways, such as rearrangements in the cytoskeleton and activation of signal cascades. Protein adsorption onto nanotopography strongly influences the conformation and distribution density of extracellular matrix and, therefore, subsequent cell responses. In this review, we first discuss the interactive mechanisms of protein physical adsorption on nanotopography. Secondly, we summarise advances in creating nanotopographical features to instruct desired cell behaviours. Lastly, we focus on the cellular mechanotransductive pathways initiated by nanotopography. This review provides an overview of the current state-of-the-art designs of nanotopography aiming to provide better biomedical materials for the future. A comprehensive overview of nanotopography fabrication, and nanotopography regulates various cell behaviours. The interactive physical adsorption between nanotopography and extracellular matrix. Nanotopography initiates the cellular mechanotransductive pathways and downstream signalling cascades.
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Tong Z, Liu Y, Xia R, Chang Y, Hu Y, Liu P, Zhai Z, Zhang J, Li H. F-actin Regulates Osteoblastic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on TiO 2 Nanotubes Through MKL1 and YAP/TAZ. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2020; 15:183. [PMID: 32965618 PMCID: PMC7511505 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-020-03415-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Titanium and titanium alloys are widely used in orthopedic implants. Modifying the nanotopography provides a new strategy to improve osseointegration of titanium substrates. Filamentous actin (F-actin) polymerization, as a mechanical loading structure, is generally considered to be involved in cell migration, endocytosis, cell division, and cell shape maintenance. Whether F-actin is involved and how it functions in nanotube-induced osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) remain to be elucidated. In this study, we fabricated TiO2 nanotubes on the surface of a titanium substrate by anodic oxidation and characterized their features by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive analysis (EDS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, Western blotting, qRT-PCR, and immunofluorescence staining were performed to explore the osteogenic potential, the level of F-actin, and the expression of MKL1 and YAP/TAZ. Our results showed that the inner diameter and roughness of TiO2 nanotubes increased with the increase of the anodic oxidation voltage from 30 to 70 V, while their height was 2 μm consistently. Further, the larger the tube diameter, the stronger the ability of TiO2 nanotubes to promote osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Inhibiting F-actin polymerization by Cyto D inhibited osteogenic differentiation of MSCs as well as the expression of proteins contained in focal adhesion complexes such as vinculin (VCL) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK). In contrast, after Jasp treatment, polymerization of F-actin enhanced the expression of RhoA and transcription factors YAP/TAZ. Based on these data, we concluded that TiO2 nanotubes facilitated the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, and this ability was enhanced with the increasing diameter of the nanotubes within a certain range (30-70 V). F-actin mediated this process through MKL1 and YAP/TAZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Tong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanchang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Runzhi Xia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongyun Chang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengcheng Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Zanjing Zhai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiwu Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
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Wang F, Li C, Zhang S, Liu H. Role of TiO
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Nanotubes on the Surface of Implants in Osseointegration in Animal Models: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis. J Prosthodont 2020; 29:501-510. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Feifan Wang
- Medical College of Nankai University Tianjin P.R. China
- Chinese PLA General HospitalInstitute of Stomatological Research Beijing P.R. China
| | - Chuanjie Li
- Medical College of Nankai University Tianjin P.R. China
- Chinese PLA General HospitalInstitute of Stomatological Research Beijing P.R. China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Medical College of Nankai University Tianjin P.R. China
- Chinese PLA General HospitalInstitute of Stomatological Research Beijing P.R. China
| | - Hongchen Liu
- Medical College of Nankai University Tianjin P.R. China
- Chinese PLA General HospitalInstitute of Stomatological Research Beijing P.R. China
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Okawa H, Egusa H, Nishimura I. Implications of the circadian clock in implant dentistry. Dent Mater J 2020; 39:173-180. [PMID: 32115492 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2019-291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are approximately 24-h cell-autonomous cycles driven by transcription and translation feedback loops of a set of core circadian clock genes, such as circadian locomoter output cycles kaput (Clock), brain and muscle arnt-like protein-1 (Bmal1), period (Per), and cryptochrome (Cry). The genetic clockwork of these genes produces circadian rhythms in cells throughout the body, including the craniofacial region. During development, dento-alveolar bone tissue formation could be regulated by site-specific circadian patterns. Studies using knockout mice and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to evaluate clock genes revealed regulatory effects of clock function on bone remodeling, suggesting involvement of the circadian clockwork in osseointegration of titanium implants. Indeed, rough surface titanium modulates specific clock genes, Neuronal PAS domain protein-2 (Npas2) and Per, in MSCs to facilitate osseointegration. Further understanding of the bone clock machinery associated with biomaterial surface properties might improve preoperative diagnosis for dental implant treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Okawa
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA School of Dentistry.,Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Hiroshi Egusa
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Ichiro Nishimura
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA School of Dentistry
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Colony Formation, Migratory, and Differentiation Characteristics of Multipotential Stromal Cells (MSCs) from "Clinically Accessible" Human Periosteum Compared to Donor-Matched Bone Marrow MSCs. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:6074245. [PMID: 31871468 PMCID: PMC6906873 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6074245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Periosteum is vital for fracture healing, as a highly vascular and multipotential stromal cell- (MSC-) rich tissue. During surgical bone reconstruction, small fragments of periosteum can be “clinically accessible,” yet periosteum is currently not ultilised, unlike autologous bone marrow (BM) aspirate. This study is aimed at comparing human periosteum and donor-matched iliac crest BM MSC content and characterising MSCs in terms of colony formation, growth kinetics, phenotype, cell migration patterns, and trilineage differentiation capacity. “Clinically accessible” periosteum had an intact outer fibrous layer, containing CD271+ candidate MSCs located perivasculary; the inner cambium was rarely present. Following enzymatic release of cells, periosteum formed significantly smaller fibroblastic colonies compared to BM (6.1 mm2 vs. 15.5 mm2, n = 4, P = 0.0006). Periosteal colonies were more homogenous in size (range 2-30 mm2 vs. 2-54 mm2) and on average 2500-fold more frequent (2.0% vs. 0.0008%, n = 10, P = 0.004) relative to total viable cells. When expanded in vitro, similar growth rates up to passage 0 (P0) were seen (1.8 population doublings (PDs) per day (periosteum), 1.6 PDs per day (BM)); however, subsequently BM MSCs proliferated significantly slower by P4 (4.3 PDs per day (periosteum) vs. 9.3 PDs per day (BM), n = 9, P = 0.02). In early culture, periosteum cells were less migratory at slower speeds than BM cells. Both MSC types exhibited MSC phenotype and trilineage differentiation capacity; however, periosteum MSCs showed significantly lower (2.7-fold) adipogenic potential based on Nile red : DAPI ratios with reduced expression of adipogenesis-related transcripts PPAR-γ. Altogether, these data revealed that “clinically accessible” periosteal samples represent a consistently rich source of highly proliferative MSCs compared to donor-matched BM, which importantly show similar osteochondral capacity and lower adipogenic potential. Live cell tracking allowed determination of unique morphological and migration characteristics of periosteal MSCs that can be used for the development of novel bone graft substitutes to be preferentially repopulated by these cells.
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Influence of Implant Neck Design on Peri-Implant Tissue Dimensions: A Comparative Study in Dogs. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11102007. [PMID: 30336579 PMCID: PMC6212799 DOI: 10.3390/ma11102007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This in vivo study assessed (hard and soft) peri-implant tissue remodeling around implants with micro-ring and open-thread neck designs placed in a dog model. Twenty histological sections corresponding to four different implant designs that were placed in America Foxhound dogs were obtained from previous studies. All the implants had been placed under identical conditions and were divided into four groups: Group A, micro-rings on implant neck plus 0.5 mm refined surface; Group B, micro-rings on implant neck; Group C, open-thread neck; and, Group D, double-spiral neck. Eight weeks after surgery, the integrated implants were removed and processed for histological examination. Crestal bone loss and bone-to-implant contact was greater for micro-ring necks than open-thread necks. Soft tissues showed significant differences on both buccal and lingual aspects, so that the distance from peri-implant mucosa to the apical portion of the barrier epithelium was smaller in the micro-ring groups. So, in spite of generating greater bone-to-implant contact, implants with micro rings produced more bone loss than open-thread implants. Moreover, the outcomes that were obtained IPX implants smooth neck design produced less bone loss in the cervical area, following by Facility implants when compared with the other open thread and microthreaded implant designs. Implant thread design can influence on bone remodeling in the cervical area, related to bundle bone preservation.
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Wang J, Meng F, Song W, Jin J, Ma Q, Fei D, Fang L, Chen L, Wang Q, Zhang Y. Nanostructured titanium regulates osseointegration via influencing macrophage polarization in the osteogenic environment. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:4029-4043. [PMID: 30022825 PMCID: PMC6045901 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s163956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Fabricating nanostructured surface topography represents the mainstream approach to induce osteogenesis for the next-generation bone implant. In the past, the bone implant was designed to minimize host repulsive reactions in order to acquire biocompatibility. However, increasing reports indicate that the absence of an appropriate immune response cannot acquire adequate osseointegration after implantation in vivo. Materials and methods We prepared different topographies on the surface of titanium (Ti) specimens by grinding, etching and anodizing, and they were marked as polished specimen (P), specimen with nanotubes (NTs) in small diameters (NT-30) and specimen with NTs in large diameters (NT-100). We evaluated the ability of different topographies of the specimen to induce osteogenic differentiation of mice bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro and to induce osseointegration in vivo. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of different topographies on the polarization and secretion of macrophages, and the effect of macrophage polarization on topography-induced osteogenic differentiation of mice BMSCs. Finally, we verified the effect of macrophage polarization on topography-induced osseointegration in vivo by using Cre*RBP-Jfl/fl mice in which classically activated macrophage was restrained. Results The osteogenic differentiation of mice BMSCs induced by specimen with different topographies was NT-100>NT-30>P, while the osseointegration induced by specimen with different topographies in vivo was NT-30>NT-100>P. In addition, specimen of NT-30 could induce more macrophages to M2 polarization, while specimen of P and NT-100 could induce more macrophages to M1 polarization. When co-culture mice BMSCs and macrophages on specimen with different topographies, the osteogenic differentiation of mice BMSCs was NT-30>NT-100≥P. The osseointegration induced by NT-100 in Cre*RBP-Jfl/fl mice was much better than that of wild type mice. Conclusion It is suggested that the intrinsic immunomodulatory effects of nanomaterials are not only crucial to evaluate the in vivo biocompatibility but also required to determine the final osseointegration. To clarify the immune response and osseointegration may be beneficial for the designation and optimization of the bone implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi Province, China, .,Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi Province, China
| | - Fanhui Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi Province, China,
| | - Wen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi Province, China,
| | - Jingyi Jin
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi Province, China
| | - Qianli Ma
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi Province, China
| | - Dongdong Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi Province, China,
| | - Liang Fang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi Province, China
| | - Lihua Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi Province, China
| | - Qintao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi Province, China,
| | - Yumei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi Province, China,
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Quantitative Phase Imaging for Label-Free Analysis of Cancer Cells—Focus on Digital Holographic Microscopy. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8071027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Bloise N, Petecchia L, Ceccarelli G, Fassina L, Usai C, Bertoglio F, Balli M, Vassalli M, Cusella De Angelis MG, Gavazzo P, Imbriani M, Visai L. The effect of pulsed electromagnetic field exposure on osteoinduction of human mesenchymal stem cells cultured on nano-TiO2 surfaces. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199046. [PMID: 29902240 PMCID: PMC6002089 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) are considered a great promise in the repair and regeneration of bone. Considerable efforts have been oriented towards uncovering the best strategy to promote stem cells osteogenic differentiation. In previous studies, hBM-MSCs exposed to physical stimuli such as pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) or directly seeded on nanostructured titanium surfaces (TiO2) were shown to improve their differentiation to osteoblasts in osteogenic condition. In the present study, the effect of a daily PEMF-exposure on osteogenic differentiation of hBM-MSCs seeded onto nanostructured TiO2 (with clusters under 100 nm of dimension) was investigated. TiO2-seeded cells were exposed to PEMF (magnetic field intensity: 2 mT; intensity of induced electric field: 5 mV; frequency: 75 Hz) and examined in terms of cell physiology modifications and osteogenic differentiation. Results showed that PEMF exposure affected TiO2-seeded cells osteogenesis by interfering with selective calcium-related osteogenic pathways, and greatly enhanced hBM-MSCs osteogenic features such as the expression of early/late osteogenic genes and protein production (e.g., ALP, COL-I, osteocalcin and osteopontin) and ALP activity. Finally, PEMF-treated cells resulted to secrete into conditioned media higher amounts of BMP-2, DCN and COL-I than untreated cell cultures. These findings confirm once more the osteoinductive potential of PEMF, suggesting that its combination with TiO2 nanostructured surface might be a great option in bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Bloise
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), Centre for Health Technologies (C.H.T.), INSTM Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Toxicology and Environmental Risks, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
- * E-mail: (NB); (LV)
| | | | - Gabriele Ceccarelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic, Centre for Health Technologies (C.H.T.), Human Anatomy Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Fassina
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, Centre for Health Technologies (C.H.T.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cesare Usai
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Genova, Italy
| | - Federico Bertoglio
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), Centre for Health Technologies (C.H.T.), INSTM Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Toxicology and Environmental Risks, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Martina Balli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic, Centre for Health Technologies (C.H.T.), Human Anatomy Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Massimo Vassalli
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Cusella De Angelis
- Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic, Centre for Health Technologies (C.H.T.), Human Anatomy Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Gavazzo
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Genova, Italy
| | - Marcello Imbriani
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Toxicology and Environmental Risks, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic, Centre for Health Technologies (C.H.T.), Human Anatomy Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Livia Visai
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), Centre for Health Technologies (C.H.T.), INSTM Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Toxicology and Environmental Risks, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
- * E-mail: (NB); (LV)
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