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Martín D, Ruano D, Yúfera A, Daza P. Electrical pulse stimulation parameters modulate N2a neuronal differentiation. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:49. [PMID: 38272891 PMCID: PMC10810886 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01820-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrical pulse stimulation has been used to enhance the differentiation or proliferation of neuronal progenitor cells in tissue engineering and cancer treatment. Therefore, a comprehensive investigation of the effects caused by its parameters is crucial for improvements in those fields. We propose a study of pulse parameters, to allow the control of N2a cell line fate and behavior. We have focused on designing an experimental setup that allows for the knowledge and control over the environment and the stimulation signals applied. To map the effects of the stimulation on N2a cells, their morphology and the cellular and molecular reactions induced by the pulse stimulation have been analyzed. Immunofluorescence, rt-PCR and western blot analysis have been carried out for this purpose, as well as cell counting. Our results show that low-amplitude electrical pulse stimulation promotes proliferation of N2a cells, whilst amplitudes in the range 250 mV/mm-500 mV/mm induce differentiation. Amplitudes higher than 750 mV/mm produce cell damage at low frequencies. For high frequencies, large amplitudes are needed to cause cell death. An inverse relation has been found between cell density and pulse-induced neuronal differentiation. The best condition for neuronal differentiation was found to be 500 mV/mm at 100 Hz. These findings have been confirmed by up-regulation of the Neurod1 gene. Our preliminary study of the molecular effects of electrical pulse stimulation on N2a offers premonitory clues of the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β pathway implications on the neuronal differentiation process through ES. In general, we have successfully mapped the sensitivity of N2a cells to electrical pulse stimulation parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Martín
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Sevilla (IMSE), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Diego Ruano
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Alberto Yúfera
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Sevilla (IMSE), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
- Departamento de Tecnología Electrónica, ETSII, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Paula Daza
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
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Sun W, Li W, Zhang M, Du Q. Dexmedetomidine Protects Cortical Neurons from Propofol-Induced Apoptosis via Activation of Akt-IKK-NF-κB Signaling Pathway by α 2A-adrenoceptor. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12010-023-04768-4. [PMID: 37979083 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04768-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Propofol can induce neuroapoptosis. It has been reported that dexmedetomidine (DEX) has a protective effect on propofol-induced neuroapoptosis, but the specific mechanism needs to be further explored to provide a theoretical basis for their combined use. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore the neuroprotective effect of DEX on primary cortical neurons treated by propofol and to elucidate the underlying mechanistic pathways. METHODS Cortical neurons were isolated from fetal rats and treated with propofol. MTT assays were performed to detect cell viability, α-tubulin immunofluorescent assays were conducted to observe cell abnormalities, and c-caspase3 immunofluorescent assays and flow cytometry were performed to examine cell apoptosis. Further, neurons were cotreated with propofol and DEX to study DEX's neuroprotective effects on propofol-caused neuronal injuries. Finally, the α2A-adrenoceptor was knocked out and/or the Akt activator (SC-79) was added to cells co-treated with propofol and DEX. The expression levels of Akt-IKK-NF-κB pathway-related proteins were detected by western blot. RESULTS Propofol decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, triggered apoptosis, caused morphological abnormalities and down-regulated the phosphorylation levels of Akt, IKK, NF-κB and IκB in cortical neurons. DEX ameliorated the decrease of cell viability, alleviated neuronal apoptosis and promoted the downregulated expression levels of p-Akt, IKK, NF-κB, and IκB proteins which had been induced by propofol treatment. Western blot findings following the transfection of α2A-siRNA and the addition of SC-79 suggested that DEX's neuroprotective functions arose from the stimulation of α2A-adrenoceptors to activate the Akt-IKK-NF-κB signal pathway. CONCLUSION DEX protected neurons against propofol-induced apoptosis via activation of the Akt-IKK-NF-κB signal pathway through α2A-adrenoceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- Department of Anesthesia, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, No.324, Jingwu Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Anesthesia, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, No.324, Jingwu Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Mengyuan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesia, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, No.324, Jingwu Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Qihang Du
- Department of Anesthesia, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, No.324, Jingwu Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
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Frazier TW, Busch RM, Klaas P, Lachlan K, Jeste S, Kolevzon A, Loth E, Harris J, Speer L, Pepper T, Anthony K, Graglia JM, Delagrammatikas C, Bedrosian-Sermone S, Beekhuyzen J, Smith-Hicks C, Sahin M, Eng C, Hardan AY, Uljarević M. Development of informant-report neurobehavioral survey scales for PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome and related neurodevelopmental genetic syndromes. Am J Med Genet A 2023. [PMID: 37045800 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
There are few well-validated measures that are appropriate for assessing the full range of neurobehavioral presentations in PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS) and other neurodevelopmental genetic syndromes (NDGS). As potential therapeutics are developed, having reliable, valid, free, and easily accessible measures to track a range of neurobehavioral domains will be crucial for future clinical trials. This study focused on the development and initial psychometric evaluation of a set of freely available informant-report survey scales for PHTS-the Neurobehavioral Evaluation Tool (NET). Concept elicitation, quantitative ratings, and cognitive interviewing processes were conducted with stakeholders and clinician-scientist experts, used to identify the most important neurobehavioral domains for this population, and to ensure items were appropriate for the full range of individuals with PHTS. Results of this process identified a PHTS neurobehavioral impact model with 11 domains. The final NET scales assessing these domains were administered to a sample of 384 participants (median completion time = 20.6 min), including 32 people with PHTS, 141 with other NDGS, 47 with idiopathic neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD), and 164 neurotypical controls. Initial psychometric results for the total scores of each scale indicated very good model (ω = 0.83-0.99) and internal consistency reliability (α = 0.82-0.98) as well as excellent test-retest reproducibility at 1-month follow-up (r = 0.78-0.98) and stability at 4-month follow-up (r = 0.76-0.96). Conditional reliability estimates indicated very strong measurement precision in key score ranges for assessing PHTS and other people with NDGS and/or idiopathic NDD. Comparisons across domains between PHTS and the other groups revealed specific patterns of symptoms and functioning, including lower levels of challenging behavior and more developed daily living and executive functioning skills relative to other NDGS. The NET appears to be a reliable and potentially useful tool for clinical characterization and monitoring of neurobehavioral symptoms in PHTS and may also have utility in the assessment of other NDGS and idiopathic NDD. Additional validation work, including convergent and discriminant validity analyses, are needed to replicate and extend these observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W Frazier
- Department of Psychology, John Carroll University, University Heights, Ohio, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry,, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Robyn M Busch
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Clinic Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Clinic Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Patricia Klaas
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Clinic Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Katherine Lachlan
- Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Shafali Jeste
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alexander Kolevzon
- Departments of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eva Loth
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Jacqueline Harris
- Krieger Institute and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology Kennedy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Leslie Speer
- Department of Psychology, Frazier Behavioral Health, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Tom Pepper
- PTEN Research Foundation, Cheltenham, UK
| | - Kristin Anthony
- PTEN Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome Foundation, Huntsville, Alabama, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Constance Smith-Hicks
- Krieger Institute and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology Kennedy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mustafa Sahin
- Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Charis Eng
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Clinic Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Antonia Y Hardan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Mirko Uljarević
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Fu J, Zhang X, Zheng H, Yang G, Chen Z, Yuan G. A WWP2-PTEN-KLF5 signaling axis regulates odontoblast differentiation and dentinogenesis in mice. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102220. [PMID: 35780838 PMCID: PMC9358474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
WW domain–containing E3 Ubiquitin-protein ligase 2 (WWP2) has been found to positively regulate odontoblastic differentiation by monoubiquitinating the transcription factor Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) in a cell culture system. However, the in vivo role of WWP2 in mouse teeth remains unknown. To explore this, here we generated Wwp2 knockout (Wwp2 KO) mice. We found that molars in Wwp2 KO mice exhibited thinner dentin, widened predentin, and reduced numbers of dentinal tubules. In addition, expression of the odontoblast differentiation markers Dspp and Dmp1 was decreased in the odontoblast layers of Wwp2 KO mice. These findings demonstrate that WWP2 may facilitate odontoblast differentiation and dentinogenesis. Furthermore, we show for the first time that phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a tumor suppressor, is expressed in dental papilla cells and odontoblasts of mouse molars and acts as a negative regulator of odontoblastic differentiation. Further investigation indicated that PTEN is targeted by WWP2 for degradation during odontoblastic differentiation. We demonstrate PTEN physically interacts with and inhibits the transcriptional activity of KLF5 on Dspp and Dmp1. Finally, we found WWP2 was able to suppress the interaction between PTEN and KLF5, which diminished the inhibition effect of PTEN on KLF5. Taken together, this study confirms the essential role of WWP2 and the WWP2–PTEN–KLF5 signaling axis in odontoblast differentiation and dentinogenesis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Fu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huiwen Zheng
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guobin Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guohua Yuan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Gill PS, Dweep H, Rose S, Wickramasinghe PJ, Vyas KK, McCullough S, Porter-Gill PA, Frye RE. Integrated microRNA–mRNA Expression Profiling Identifies Novel Targets and Networks Associated with Autism. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12060920. [PMID: 35743705 PMCID: PMC9225282 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12060920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder, with mutations in hundreds of genes contributing to its risk. Herein, we studied lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) from children diagnosed with autistic disorder (n = 10) and controls (n = 7) using RNA and miRNA sequencing profiles. The sequencing analysis identified 1700 genes and 102 miRNAs differentially expressed between the ASD and control LCLs (p ≤ 0.05). The top upregulated genes were GABRA4, AUTS2, and IL27, and the top upregulated miRNAs were hsa-miR-6813-3p, hsa-miR-221-5p, and hsa-miR-21-5p. The RT-qPCR analysis confirmed the sequencing results for randomly selected candidates: AUTS2, FMR1, PTEN, hsa-miR-15a-5p, hsa-miR-92a-3p, and hsa-miR-125b-5p. The functional enrichment analysis showed pathways involved in ASD control proliferation of neuronal cells, cell death of immune cells, epilepsy or neurodevelopmental disorders, WNT and PTEN signaling, apoptosis, and cancer. The integration of mRNA and miRNA sequencing profiles by miRWalk2.0 identified correlated changes in miRNAs and their targets’ expression. The integration analysis found significantly dysregulated miRNA–gene pairs in ASD. Overall, these findings suggest that mRNA and miRNA expression profiles in ASD are greatly altered in LCLs and reveal numerous miRNA–gene interactions that regulate critical pathways involved in the proliferation of neuronal cells, cell death of immune cells, and neuronal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritmohinder S. Gill
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA;
- Arkansas Children′s Research Institute, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA; (K.K.V.); (S.M.); (P.A.P.-G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-501-364-2743
| | - Harsh Dweep
- The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (H.D.); (P.J.W.)
| | - Shannon Rose
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA;
- Arkansas Children′s Research Institute, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA; (K.K.V.); (S.M.); (P.A.P.-G.)
| | | | - Kanan K. Vyas
- Arkansas Children′s Research Institute, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA; (K.K.V.); (S.M.); (P.A.P.-G.)
| | - Sandra McCullough
- Arkansas Children′s Research Institute, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA; (K.K.V.); (S.M.); (P.A.P.-G.)
| | - Patricia A. Porter-Gill
- Arkansas Children′s Research Institute, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA; (K.K.V.); (S.M.); (P.A.P.-G.)
| | - Richard E. Frye
- Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children′s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA;
- Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
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Zhai G, Liang W, Xu Y. High Expression of Lysophosphatidic Acid Induces Nerve Injury in LSS Patients via AKT Mediated NF-κB p65 Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:641435. [PMID: 33815123 PMCID: PMC8012901 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.641435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a spinal degenerative disease, complicated with nerve injury. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a kind of glycerophospholipid molecule is elevated in the initial stages of neural injury. This research aimed to investigate the patho-mechanism of nerve injury caused by LPA in LSS patients. Twenty-five LSS patients and fifteen idiopathic scoliosis patients (without neurological symptoms) were recruited from Xianyang Central Hospital of Shanxi Province. We measured the concentration of LPA in cerebrospinal fluid samples of all subjects. Different concentrations (0.1, 1, and 10 mol/L) of LPA were used to stimulate Rat Neurons-spinal cord (RN-SC) cells. The effects of LPA on cell injury was detected by MTT and LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) assay. Cell apoptosis was determined by FCM (flow cytometry) and TUNEL staining. The changes in the expression of key proteins involved in Akt mediated NF-κB p65 pathway intervened by LPA were determined by western blot. RN-SC cells were pretreated with JSH-23 (NF-κB inhibitor) before LPA exposure, followed by cell apoptosis measurement. The concentration of LPA in LSS patients was notably higher than that in control patients (p < 0.01). The level of LPA was positively correlated with the severity of LSS. LPA treatment induced RN-SC cells displaying oval or rounded cell body with degenerated protrusion dose dependently. In addition, LPA decreased RN-SC cell viability and promoted cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. LPA initiated Akt phosphorylation, IKB phosphorylation, and NF-κB nuclear translocation in a dose-dependent manner. However, JSH-23 (NF-κB inhibitor) pre-treatment prevented effects of LPA. The high levels of LPA induced nerve injury by reducing the viability of RN-SC cells and promoted cell apoptosis through Akt mediated NF-κB p65 signaling pathway. LPA might be a new therapeutic target for relieving nerve injury in LSS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiliang Zhai
- Orthopedic Surgery, Binzhou Central Hospital of Shandong Province, Binzhou, China
| | - Wenfei Liang
- Department of Stomatology, Binzhou Central Hospital of Shandong Province, Binzhou, ,China
| | - Yongjun Xu
- Xianyang Central Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xianyang, China
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Oishi Y, Hashimoto K, Abe A, Kuroda M, Fujii A, Miyamoto Y. Vitronectin regulates the axon specification of mouse cerebellar granule cell precursors via αvβ5 integrin in the differentiation stage. Neurosci Lett 2021; 746:135648. [PMID: 33444672 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Vitronectin, an extracellular matrix protein, controls the differentiation of cerebellar granule cell precursors (CGCPs) via αvβ5 integrin, particularly in the initial stage of differentiation to granule cells. In this study, we determined whether vitronectin regulates axon specification in this initial differentiation stage of CGCPs. First, we analyzed whether vitronectin deficiency, β5 integrin knockdown (KD), and β5 integrin overexpression affect axon specification of primary cultured CGCPs. Vitronectin deficiency and β5 integrin KD inhibited axon formation, while vitronectin administrated- and β5 integrin overexpressed-neurons formed multiple axons. Moreover, KD of β5 integrin suppressed vitronectin-induced multiple axon formation. These findings indicate that vitronectin contributes to regulating axon specification via αvβ5 integrin in CGCPs. Next, we determined the signaling pathway involved in regulating vitronectin-induced axon specification. Wortmannin, an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), inhibited vitronectin-induced multiple axon specification, and lithium chloride, an inhibitor of glyocogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β), attenuated the inhibitory effect of vitronectin-KO and β5 integrin KD on the specification of CGCPs. In addition, vitronectin induced the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) and GSK3β in neuroblastoma Neuro2a cells. Taken together, our results indicate that vitronectin plays an important factor in axon formation process in CGCPs via a β5 integrin/PI3K/GSK3β pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Oishi
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Institute for Human Life Innovation, Ochanomizu University, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Institute for Human Life Innovation, Ochanomizu University, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayaka Abe
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Institute for Human Life Innovation, Ochanomizu University, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maho Kuroda
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Institute for Human Life Innovation, Ochanomizu University, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ai Fujii
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Institute for Human Life Innovation, Ochanomizu University, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasunori Miyamoto
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Institute for Human Life Innovation, Ochanomizu University, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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8
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Li L, Lu S, Fan X. Silencing of miR-302b-3p alleviates isoflurane-induced neuronal injury by regulating PTEN expression and AKT pathway. Brain Res Bull 2020; 168:89-99. [PMID: 33370590 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Isoflurane (ISO) is an anesthesia and can result in neuron injury. A previous study has indicated that microRNA-302b-3p (miR-302b-3p) exerts a crucial function in modulating cerebral ischemia/reperfusion damage-induced neuronal injury. We sought to examine the role of miR-302b-3p in ISO-induced neuronal injury. In the present study, the effects of miR-302b-3p on ISO-induced neuron injury were investigated by MTT and TUNEL assays. We discovered that ISO stimulation led to miR-302b-3p upregulation and neuronal injury. MiR-302b-3p silencing exerted protective effects against ISO induced neuronal injury. In addition, phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) was a direct downstream target gene of miR-302b-3p. MiR-302b-3p targets the 3'UTR of PTEN to inhibit its mRNA expression, and further reduces its protein expression. Silencing of PTEN partially reversed the protecting effects of silenced miR-302b-3p on ISO-induced injury of hippocampal neurons. Further, miR-302b-3p activated the AKT signaling pathway in neurons exposed to ISO by downregulation of PTEN. Finally, in vivo studies revealed that silencing of miR-302b-3p alleviates ISO-induced injury and spatial memory impairment of rats partly by upregulation of PTEN. Overall, our findings indicated that miR-302b-3p targets PTEN to activate the AKT pathway, and silencing of miR-302b-3p plays a neuroprotective role in ISO-induced neuronal injury by the PTEN/AKT pathway, suggesting miR-302b-3p as a crucial target for ISO-induced neuronal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No.126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Shan Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No.126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaodi Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No.126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China.
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9
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Zeng C, Xiong D, Zhang K, Yao J. Shank-associated RH domain interactor signaling in tumorigenesis. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:2579-2586. [PMID: 32782575 PMCID: PMC7400965 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Shank-associated RH domain interactor (SHARPIN) is a component of the linear ubiquitin chain activation complex, which is essential for p53 signaling and inflammation. Previous studies have demonstrated that SHARPIN functions in tumor cell survival, growth, invasion and tumorigenesis. These functions include the regulation of p53 proteins via poly-ubiquitination, interaction with a type II protein arginine methyltransferase 5 in melanoma cells, modulating ras-associated protein-1 through p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinases/c-Jun signaling, and mediating phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT signaling via phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10. Hence, SHARPIN not only participates in the inflammatory response but also serves a critical role in tumor cells. The present review summarizes the biological functions of the absence or presence of SHARPIN with regard to activating the canonical NF-κB signaling pathway and the effects on p53 and other signaling pathways for the modulation of tumorigenesis. Therefore, this review provides insight into the underlying role and mechanisms of SHARPIN in tumorigenesis, as well as its potential application in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Zeng
- Medical Research Center, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan, Guangdong 528308, P.R. China
| | - Dan Xiong
- Department of Hematology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan, Guangdong 528308, P.R. China
| | - Ketao Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan, Guangdong 528308, P.R. China
| | - Jie Yao
- Medical Research Center, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan, Guangdong 528308, P.R. China
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Zhang Q, Tong Z, Chen F, Wang X, Ren M, Zhao Y, Wu P, He X, Chen P, Chen Y. Aligned soy protein isolate-modified poly(L-lactic acid) nanofibrous conduits enhanced peripheral nerve regeneration. J Neural Eng 2020; 17:036003. [PMID: 32340001 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ab8d81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Repair and regeneration of peripheral nerve defect by engineered conduits have greatly advanced in the past decades while still facing great challenges. APPROACH In this work, we fabricated a new highly oriented poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)/soy protein isolate (SPI) nanofibrous conduit (HO-PSNC) for nerve regeneration. MAIN RESULTS Firstly, we observed that SPI could efficiently modify PLLA for the electrospinning of PLLA/SPI nanofibers with enhanced physical and biological properties. Incorporation of SPI decreased the fiber diameter and ductility of PLLA/SPI nanofibrous films (PSNFs), improved the tensile strength and surface wettability of PSNFs and increased the in vivo degradability of the PSNFs. When the hybrid ratio of SPI was 20 and 40%, PSNFs could efficiently promote neural cell extension and differentiation in vitro. Based on these data, 20% SPI (PSNF-20) was chosen for further investigation. Next, PSNF-20 with different fiber orientations (random/low orientation, medium, and high orientation, respectively) were developed and used for evaluating neural cell behaviors on the materials. Results revealed that the PSNF-20 with highly oriented nanofibers (HO-PSNF-20) or mediumly oriented nanofibers (MO-PSNF-20) showed a better performance in directing cell extension and enhancing neurite outgrowth. Finally, the highly oriented nanofibers conduits (HO-PSNC-20) were used to bridge sciatic nerve defect in rats with highly oriented PLLA and autografts as controls. HO-PSNC-20 exhibited a significant promotion in nerve regeneration and functional reconstruction comparing to highly oriented PLLA as proven by the evaluations of walking track, electrophysiology, toluidine blue nerve staining, transmission electron microscopy, neural factors staining and qPCR, and gastrocnemius histology. SIGNIFICANCE In conclusion, nerve conduit fabricated from aligned electrospinning of SPI-modified PLLA nanofibers is promising for peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immune Related Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China. Hangzhou Singclean Medical Products Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
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11
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DNA methylation of noncoding RNAs: new insights into osteogenesis and common bone diseases. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:109. [PMID: 32143708 PMCID: PMC7060611 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01625-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone diseases such as osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, and bone tumor present a severe public health problem. Osteogenic differentiation is a complex process associated with the differentiation of different cells, which could regulate transcription factors, cytokines, many signaling pathways, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), and epigenetic modulation. DNA methylation is a kind of stable epigenetic alterations in CpG islands without DNA sequence changes and is involved in cancer and other diseases, including bone development and homeostasis. ncRNAs can perform their crucial biological functions at the RNA level, and many findings have demonstrated essential functions of ncRNAs in osteogenic differentiation. In this review, we highlight current researches in DNA methylation of two relevant ncRNAs, including microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs, in the initiation and progression of osteogenesis and bone diseases.
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12
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Liu T, Dong X, Wang B, Zhang S, Bai J, Ma W, Zhao X, Wang X. Silencing of PTEN inhibits the oxidative stress damage and hippocampal cell apoptosis induced by Sevoflurane through activating MEK1/ERK signaling pathway in infant rats. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:684-696. [PMID: 32089060 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1717041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a suppressive player in tumor but its concrete role in oxidative stress (OS) damage and cell apoptosis remains much exploration. Thus, this study is conducted to explore the participation of PTEN and its mechanisms in OS damage and cell apoptosis in hippocampal cells.Infant rats were grouped into normal, Sevo, Sevo + si-negative control (NC), Sevo + si-PTEN and Sevo + si-PTEN + PD (MEK1/ERK signaling pathway inhibitor) groups. Infant hippocampal cells were grouped into blank, Sevo, Sevo + si-NC, Sevo + si-PTEN and Sevo + si-PTEN + PD groups. The expressions of PTEN and MEK1/ERK signaling pathway-related proteins were determined. OS-related indices in hippocampal tissues and cells were detected. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry.Sevoflurane up-regulated PTEN expression and silencing of PTEN activates MEK1/ERK signaling pathway in hippocampal tissues and cells of infant rats. Silencing of PTEN alleviated hippocampal tissue pathological status and inhibited sevoflurane-induced cell apoptosis in hippocampal tissues of infant rats. Silencing of PTEN alleviated OS damage in hippocampal tissues of infant rats. Silencing of PTEN inhibited sevoflurane-induced apoptosis after OS damage in hippocampal cells of infant rats. Silencing of PTEN reduced sevoflurane-induced OS damage in hippocampal cells of infant rats.Our study demonstrates that PTEN silencing inhibits the OS damage and cell apoptosis in hippocampal cells induced by Sevoflurane through activating MEK1/ERK signaling pathway in infant rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiejun Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoliu Dong
- Department of Neurology, Tangshan People 'S Hospital, Tangshan, P.R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Pediatric, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, P.R. China
| | - Shubo Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, P.R. China
| | - Jing Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, P.R. China
| | - Wei Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojing Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaotao Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, P.R. China
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13
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Tang SW, Yuen W, Kaur I, Pang SW, Voelcker NH, Lam YW. Capturing instructive cues of tissue microenvironment by silica bioreplication. Acta Biomater 2020; 102:114-126. [PMID: 31756551 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cells in tissues are enveloped by an instructive niche made of the extracellular matrix. These instructive niches contain three general types of information: topographical, biochemical and mechanical. While the combined effects of these three factors are widely studied, the functions of each individual one has not been systematically characterised, because it is impossible to alter a single factor in a tissue microenvironment without simultaneously affecting the other two. Silica BioReplication (SBR) is a process that converts biological samples into silica, faithfully preserving the original topography at the nano-scale. We explored the use of this technique to generate inorganic replicas of intact mammalian tissues, including tendon, cartilage, skeletal muscle and spinal cord. Scanning electron and atomic force microscopy showed that the resulting replicas accurately preserved the three-dimensional ultrastructure of each tissue, while all biochemical components were eradicated by calcination. Such properties allowed the uncoupling the topographical information of a tissue microenvironment from its biochemical and mechanical components. Here, we showed that human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) cultured on the replicas of different tissues displayed vastly different morphology and focal adhesions, suggesting that the topography of the tissue microenvironment captured by SBR could profoundly affect MSC biology. MSC cultured on tendon replica elongated and expressed tenocytes marker, while MSC on the spinal cord replica developed into spheroids that resembled neurospheres, in morphology and in the expression of neurosphere markers, and could be further differentiated into neuron-like cells. This study reveals the significance of topographical cues in a cell niche, as tissue-specific topography was sufficient in initiating and directing differentiation of MSC, despite the absence of any biochemical signals. SBR is a convenient and versatile method for capturing this topographical information, facilitating the functional characterisation of cell niches. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Various studies have shown that three major factors, topographical, biochemical and mechanical, in a tissue microenvironment (TME) are essential for cellular homeostasis and functions. Current experimental models are too simplistic to represent the complexity of the TME, hindering the detailed understanding of its functions. In particular, the importance each factor in a tissue microenvironment have not been individually characterised, because it is challenging to alter one of these factors without simultaneously affecting the other two. Silica bioreplication (SBR) is a process that converts biological samples into silica replicas with high structural fidelity. SBR is a convenient and versatile method for capturing this topographical information on to a biologically inert material, allowing the functional characterisation of the architecture of a TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sze Wing Tang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wai Yuen
- HealthBaby Biotech (Hong Kong) Co., Ltd, Hong Kong
| | - Ishdeep Kaur
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication, Australia; Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Australia
| | - Stella W Pang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication, Australia; Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Australia
| | - Yun Wah Lam
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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CRISPR, Prime Editing, Optogenetics, and DREADDs: New Therapeutic Approaches Provided by Emerging Technologies in the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:2085-2100. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01861-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Frazier TW. Autism Spectrum Disorder Associated with Germline Heterozygous PTEN Mutations. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2019; 9:a037002. [PMID: 31307976 PMCID: PMC6771360 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a037002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This review examines our current understanding of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), its prevalence, impact, behavioral treatment, and outcomes. Building on this knowledge, ASD associated with PTEN mutations is introduced and recent human studies of neurobehavioral and neuroimaging findings in patients with PTEN mutations with and without ASD are reviewed. In doing so, we present evidence supporting a model of PTEN loss leading to neurobehavioral deficits, including ASD and intellectual disability. Next, we describe the neurobehavioral spectrum observed across PTEN mutation cases, adding specificity where possible, based on data from recent studies of child and adult PTEN patients. Finally, we end with a discussion of potential clinical recommendations for improving interventions and supports for people with PTEN-ASD and future research avenues for understanding and treating the functional and cognitive deficits in PTEN-ASD.
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16
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Zeng B, Ge C, Zhao W, Fu K, Liu L, Lin Z, Fu Q, Li Z, Li R, Guo H, Li C, Zhao L, Hu H, Yang H, Huang W, Huang Y, Song X. Anticancer effect of the traditional Chinese medicine herb Maytenus compound via the EGFR/PI3K/AKT/GSK3β pathway. Transl Cancer Res 2019; 8:2130-2140. [PMID: 35116963 PMCID: PMC8798896 DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2019.09.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide; folk anticancer medicinal plants have applied for cancer treatment. The Maytenus compound tablet as traditional Chinese compound medicine has been approved for alleviating hyperplasia of mammary glands, whether it can inhibit cancer still unknown. The study was to evaluate the anticancer activity of the Maytenus compound tablet. Methods MTS assay evaluated the anti-proliferation effect of the Maytenus compound on H226, A2058, 786O and HeLa cancer cells and two normal epithelial cell lines, namely, 16HBE and Hecate. Nude mouse xenograft tumor model using H226 and HeLa cells examined the drug’s anticancer effect in vivo. Western blot assay studied the possible mechanism. Results The Maytenus compound indicated obvious ability to against proliferation in four strains of cancer cells, particularly against H226 cells by an IC50 of 85.47±10.06 µg/mL and against HeLa cells by an IC50 of 128.74±17.46 µg/mL. However, it had a low cytotoxicity in human normal epithelial cell lines 16HBE with an IC50 of 4,555.86±25.21 µg/mL and Hecate with an IC50 of 833.56±181.88 µg/mL. The Maytenus compound at the 2.45 g/kg oral dosages inhibited the proliferation of H226 cells and HeLa cells in nude mouse with inhibitory rates of 36.06% and 26.45%, respectively, and no organ toxicity. The Maytenus compound could significantly downregulate the expression of pEGFR, pPI3K, pAKT, pGSK3β, β-catenin, and c-MYC and upregulate the protein expression of GSK3β. Conclusions The Maytenus compound has significant anticancer activities against human cancer H226 and HeLa cells both in vitro and in vivo, highlighting it may be an anticancer medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baozhen Zeng
- Department of Cancer Biotherapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China.,Department of Yunnan Tumor Research Institute, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Chunlei Ge
- Department of Cancer Biotherapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Wentao Zhao
- Department of Cancer Biotherapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Kaicong Fu
- Department of Traditional medicine research laboratory, Puer Traditional Ethnomedicine Institute, Puer 665000, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Traditional medicine research laboratory, Puer Traditional Ethnomedicine Institute, Puer 665000, China
| | - Zhuying Lin
- Department of Oncology Yan'An Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Qiaofen Fu
- Department of Cancer Biotherapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Cancer Biotherapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Ruilei Li
- Department of Cancer Biotherapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Department of Oncology Yan'An Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Department of Cancer Biotherapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China.,Department of Yunnan Tumor Research Institute, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Liufang Zhao
- Department of Cancer Biotherapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Hongyan Hu
- Department of Cancer Biotherapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Hanyu Yang
- Department of Traditional medicine research laboratory, Puer Traditional Ethnomedicine Institute, Puer 665000, China
| | - Wenhua Huang
- Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Youguang Huang
- Department of Yunnan Tumor Research Institute, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Xin Song
- Department of Cancer Biotherapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China.,Department of Yunnan Tumor Research Institute, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650118, China
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17
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Song J, Zhang W, Wang J, Yang H, Zhou Q, Wang H, Li L, Du G. Inhibition of FOXO3a/BIM signaling pathway contributes to the protective effect of salvianolic acid A against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Acta Pharm Sin B 2019; 9:505-515. [PMID: 31193821 PMCID: PMC6543034 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvianolic acid A (SalA) is an effective compound extracted from traditional Chinese medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. The Forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a) signaling pathway plays crucial roles in the modulation of ischemia-induced cell apoptosis. However, no information about the regulatory effect of SalA on FoxO3a is available. To explore the anti-cerebral ischemia effect and clarify the therapeutic mechanism of SalA, SH-SY5Y cells and Sprague–Dawley rats were applied, which were exposed to oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) and middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) injuries, respectively. The involved pathway was identified using the specific inhibitor LY294002. Results showed that SalA concentration-dependently inhibited OGD/R injury triggered cell viability loss. SalA reduced cerebral infarction, lowered brain edema, improved neurological function, and inhibited neuron apoptosis in MCAO/R rats, which were attenuated by the treatment of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) specific inhibitor LY294002. SalA time- and concentration-dependently upregulated the phosphorylation levels of protein kinase B (AKT) and its downstream protein FOXO3a. Moreover, the nuclear translocation of FOXO3a was inhibited by SalA both in vivo and in vitro, which was also reversed by LY294002. The above results indicated that SalA fought against ischemia/reperfusion damage at least partially via the AKT/FOXO3a/BIM pathway.
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Dong ZY, Pei Z, Wang YL, Li Z, Khan A, Meng XT. Ascl1 Regulates Electric Field-Induced Neuronal Differentiation Through PI3K/Akt Pathway. Neuroscience 2019; 404:141-152. [PMID: 30771509 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Directing differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs/NPCs) to produce functional neurons is one of the greatest challenges in regenerative medicine. Our previous paper has confirmed that electrical stimulation has a high efficiency of triggering neuronal differentiation by using isolated filum terminale (FT)-derived NPCs. To further clarify the intrinsic molecular mechanisms, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis was applied to pinpoints novel hubs in electric field (EF)-induced neuronal differentiation. In this study, siRNA transfection of Achaete-scute homolog 1 (Ascl1) in NPCs or NPCs was followed by direct current stimulation at 150 mV/mm. Neuronal differentiation rate and protein expression level were analyzed after 7 or 14 days of electrical stimulation. The data showed that the expression level of Ascl1 was enhanced by electrical stimulation and positively correlated to EF strength. Moreover, we identified that the expression of Ascl1 positively regulated neuronal differentiation of NPCs and can be up-regulated by EF-stimulation through the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathway. Therefore, this study provides new insights into the role of Ascl1 and its relevant PI3K/Akt pathway in regulating of EF-induced neuronal differentiation and pointed out that continuous expression of Ascl1 in NPCs is required for EF-induced neuronal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yong Dong
- Department of Histology & Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China.
| | - Zhe Pei
- Department of Neuroscience and Pediatric, GSRB1 Duke University, Durham 27710, USA
| | - Yan-Ling Wang
- Laboratory Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China.
| | - Zhe Li
- Laboratory Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China.
| | - Amber Khan
- The Graduate Center and CUNY School of Medicine, CUNY, 85 St Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY 10027, USA.
| | - Xiao-Ting Meng
- Department of Histology & Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China.
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Yan H, Jiang L, Zou H, Chen T, Liang H, Tang L. PTEN suppresses the inflammation, viability, and motility of AP-AR42J cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. RSC Adv 2019; 9:5460-5469. [PMID: 35515912 PMCID: PMC9060792 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08998a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP), a kind of common acute abdominal disease and typical chemical inflammation, is commonly caused by pancreatin digestion of the pancreas and surrounding tissues. The gene for phosphate and tension homology deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) is a tumor suppressor that regulates numerous cellular processes. In the present study, we have elaborately investigated the effect of PTEN on the alleviating of AP and its underlying mechanisms. Firstly, we demonstrated an up-regulation of PTEN in the pancreatic tissues from AP rats by immunochemistry, qRT-PCR and western-blot assays. Subsequently, cellular experiments exhibited that PTEN has a significant inhibition effect on the proliferation, invasion and migration of AP cells. Further underlying mechanism studies showed that the growth of AP cells was mainly restrained by PTEN in the G1 phase through activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which can be demonstrated by the down-regulation of various pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-10, TNF and IL-1β. Taking these results together, we can draw the conclusion that PTEN plays a significant role in suppressing the inflammation, viability and motility of acute pancreatitis and could be a potential target for AP therapies. Acute pancreatitis (AP), a kind of common acute abdominal disease and typical chemical inflammation, is commonly caused by pancreatin digestion of the pancreas and surrounding tissues.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Yan
- General Surgery Center of PLA, General Hospital of Western Theater Command No. 270 Rong Du Road, Jinniu District Chengdu Sichuan Province 610083 P. R. China +86-028-86570326
| | - Li Jiang
- Cardiac Care Unit of Cardiothoracic Surgery, General Hospital of Western Theater Command Chengdu Sichuan 610083 P. R. China
| | - Hong Zou
- General Surgery Center of PLA, General Hospital of Western Theater Command No. 270 Rong Du Road, Jinniu District Chengdu Sichuan Province 610083 P. R. China +86-028-86570326
| | - Tao Chen
- General Surgery Center of PLA, General Hospital of Western Theater Command No. 270 Rong Du Road, Jinniu District Chengdu Sichuan Province 610083 P. R. China +86-028-86570326
| | - Hongyin Liang
- General Surgery Center of PLA, General Hospital of Western Theater Command No. 270 Rong Du Road, Jinniu District Chengdu Sichuan Province 610083 P. R. China +86-028-86570326
| | - Lijun Tang
- General Surgery Center of PLA, General Hospital of Western Theater Command No. 270 Rong Du Road, Jinniu District Chengdu Sichuan Province 610083 P. R. China +86-028-86570326
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Runx2 was Correlated with Neurite Outgrowth and Schwann Cell Differentiation, Migration After Sciatic Nerve Crush. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:2423-2434. [PMID: 30374602 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2670-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Runx2, also known as Cbfa1, is a multifunctional transcription factor essential for osteoblast differentiation. It also plays major roles in chondrocyte maturation, mesenchymal stem cell differentiation, cleidocranial dysplasia, and the growth and metastasis of tumors. The present study was performed to investigate the functions of Runx2 in the differentiation and migration of Schwann cells and outgrowth of neurites after peripheral nervous system injury. In a model of sciatic nerve crush (SNC) injury, we found a gradual increase in the expression of Runx2, which reached a peak after 1 week. Immunofluorescence revealed increased expression of Runx2 in Schwann cells and axons after SNC injury. Runx2 and Oct-6 expression trends were consistent with each other in western blotting, and colocalization of Runx2 and Oct-6 was observed in immunofluorescence. In vitro, Runx2 promoted Schwann cell differentiation by activation of the Akt-GSK3β signaling pathway. In addition, Runx2 promoted the migration of Schwann cells and outgrowth of neurites. These findings suggest that Runx2 may be involved in neurite outgrowth and Schwann cell differentiation and migration after sciatic nerve injury.
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