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Huang H, Jiang Y, Liu J, Luo D, Yuan J, Mu R, Yu X, Sun D, Lin J, Chen Q, Li X, Jiang M, Xu J, Chu B, Yin C, Zhang L, Ye Y, Cao B, Wang Q, Zhang Y. Jag1/2 maintain esophageal homeostasis and suppress foregut tumorigenesis by restricting the basal progenitor cell pool. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4124. [PMID: 38750026 PMCID: PMC11096375 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48347-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Basal progenitor cells are crucial for maintaining foregut (the esophagus and forestomach) homeostasis. When their function is dysregulated, it can promote inflammation and tumorigenesis. However, the mechanisms underlying these processes remain largely unclear. Here, we employ genetic mouse models to reveal that Jag1/2 regulate esophageal homeostasis and foregut tumorigenesis by modulating the function of basal progenitor cells. Deletion of Jag1/2 in mice disrupts esophageal and forestomach epithelial homeostasis. Mechanistically, Jag1/2 deficiency impairs activation of Notch signaling, leading to reduced squamous epithelial differentiation and expansion of basal progenitor cells. Moreover, Jag1/2 deficiency exacerbates the deoxycholic acid (DCA)-induced squamous epithelial injury and accelerates the initiation of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the forestomach. Importantly, expression levels of JAG1/2 are lower in the early stages of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) carcinogenesis. Collectively, our study demonstrates that Jag1/2 are important for maintaining esophageal and forestomach homeostasis and the onset of foregut SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Yu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Jiangying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Dan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Jianghong Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Rongzi Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Xiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Donglei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Jihong Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, PR China
| | - Qiyue Chen
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, PR China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, PR China
| | - Xinjing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Ming Jiang
- Center for Genetic Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jianming Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Bo Chu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, PR China
| | - Chengqian Yin
- Institute of Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institute of Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Youqiong Ye
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Bo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Histoembryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China.
| | - Yongchun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
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Antropova EA, Khlebodarova TM, Demenkov PS, Volianskaia AR, Venzel AS, Ivanisenko NV, Gavrilenko AD, Ivanisenko TV, Adamovskaya AV, Revva PM, Kolchanov NA, Lavrik IN, Ivanisenko VA. Reconstruction of the regulatory hypermethylation network controlling hepatocellular carcinoma development during hepatitis C viral infection. J Integr Bioinform 2023; 20:jib-2023-0013. [PMID: 37978846 PMCID: PMC10757076 DOI: 10.1515/jib-2023-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been associated with hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection as a potential risk factor. Nonetheless, the precise genetic regulatory mechanisms triggered by the virus, leading to virus-induced hepatocarcinogenesis, remain unclear. We hypothesized that HCV proteins might modulate the activity of aberrantly methylated HCC genes through regulatory pathways. Virus-host regulatory pathways, interactions between proteins, gene expression, transport, and stability regulation, were reconstructed using the ANDSystem. Gene expression regulation was statistically significant. Gene network analysis identified four out of 70 HCC marker genes whose expression regulation by viral proteins may be associated with HCC: DNA-binding protein inhibitor ID - 1 (ID1), flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A), and telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT). It suggested the following viral protein effects in HCV/human protein heterocomplexes: HCV NS3(p70) protein activates human STAT3 and NOTC1; NS2-3(p23), NS5B(p68), NS1(E2), and core(p21) activate SETD2; NS5A inhibits SMYD3; and NS3 inhibits CCN2. Interestingly, NS3 and E1(gp32) activate c-Jun when it positively regulates CDKN2A and inhibit it when it represses TERT. The discovered regulatory mechanisms might be key areas of focus for creating medications and preventative therapies to decrease the likelihood of HCC development during HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tamara M. Khlebodarova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Kurchatov Genomic Center of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Pavel S. Demenkov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Kurchatov Genomic Center of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Artur S. Venzel
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Kurchatov Genomic Center of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nikita V. Ivanisenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Kurchatov Genomic Center of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexandr D. Gavrilenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Timofey V. Ivanisenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Kurchatov Genomic Center of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anna V. Adamovskaya
- Kurchatov Genomic Center of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Polina M. Revva
- Kurchatov Genomic Center of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nikolay A. Kolchanov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Inna N. Lavrik
- Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39106Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Vladimir A. Ivanisenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Kurchatov Genomic Center of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
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3
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Knapp K, Verchio V, Coburn-Flynn O, Li Y, Xiong Z, Morrison JC, Shersher DD, Spitz F, Chen X. Exploring cell competition for the prevention and therapy of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 214:115639. [PMID: 37290594 PMCID: PMC10528900 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is characterized by the development of cancer in the esophageal squamous epithelium through a step-by-step accumulation of genetic, epigenetic, and histopathological alterations. Recent studies have demonstrated that cancer-associated gene mutations exist in histologically normal or precancerous clones of the human esophageal epithelium. However, only a small proportion of such mutant clones will develop ESCC, and most ESCC patients develop only one cancer. This suggests that most of these mutant clones are kept in a histologically normal state by neighboring cells with higher competitive fitness. When some of the mutant cells evade cell competition, they become "super-competitors" and develop into clinical cancer. It is known that human ESCC is composed of a heterogeneous population of cancer cells that interact with and influence their environment and neighbors. During cancer therapy, these cancer cells not only respond to therapeutic agents but also compete with each other. Therefore, competition between ESCC cells within the same ESCC tumor is a constantly dynamic process. However, it remains challenging to fine-tune the competitive fitness of various clones for therapeutic benefits. In this review, we will explore the role of cell competition in carcinogenesis, cancer prevention, and therapy, using NRF2, NOTCH pathway, and TP53 as examples. We believe that cell competition is a research area with promising targets for clinical translation. Manipulating cell competition may help improve the prevention and therapy of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Knapp
- Department of Surgery, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Vincent Verchio
- Department of Surgery, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | | | - Yahui Li
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Zhaohui Xiong
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Jamin C Morrison
- MD Anderson Cancer Center at Cooper, Camden, NJ 08103, USA; Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - David D Shersher
- Department of Surgery, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ 08103, USA; MD Anderson Cancer Center at Cooper, Camden, NJ 08103, USA; Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Francis Spitz
- Department of Surgery, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ 08103, USA; MD Anderson Cancer Center at Cooper, Camden, NJ 08103, USA; Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Xiaoxin Chen
- Department of Surgery, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ 08103, USA; Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, NJ 08103, USA; MD Anderson Cancer Center at Cooper, Camden, NJ 08103, USA; Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA.
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4
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Abby E, Dentro SC, Hall MWJ, Fowler JC, Ong SH, Sood R, Herms A, Piedrafita G, Abnizova I, Siebel CW, Gerstung M, Hall BA, Jones PH. Notch1 mutations drive clonal expansion in normal esophageal epithelium but impair tumor growth. Nat Genet 2023; 55:232-245. [PMID: 36658434 PMCID: PMC9925379 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-022-01280-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
NOTCH1 mutant clones occupy the majority of normal human esophagus by middle age but are comparatively rare in esophageal cancers, suggesting NOTCH1 mutations drive clonal expansion but impede carcinogenesis. Here we test this hypothesis. Sequencing NOTCH1 mutant clones in aging human esophagus reveals frequent biallelic mutations that block NOTCH1 signaling. In mouse esophagus, heterozygous Notch1 mutation confers a competitive advantage over wild-type cells, an effect enhanced by loss of the second allele. Widespread Notch1 loss alters transcription but has minimal effects on the epithelial structure and cell dynamics. In a carcinogenesis model, Notch1 mutations were less prevalent in tumors than normal epithelium. Deletion of Notch1 reduced tumor growth, an effect recapitulated by anti-NOTCH1 antibody treatment. Notch1 null tumors showed reduced proliferation. We conclude that Notch1 mutations in normal epithelium are beneficial as wild-type Notch1 favors tumor expansion. NOTCH1 blockade may have therapeutic potential in preventing esophageal squamous cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan C Dentro
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Artificial Intelligence in Oncology (B450), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael W J Hall
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | - Albert Herms
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gabriel Piedrafita
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Epithelial Carcinogenesis Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Christian W Siebel
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Moritz Gerstung
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Artificial Intelligence in Oncology (B450), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Benjamin A Hall
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Philip H Jones
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK.
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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5
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Chang J, Sun Y, Meng X, Zeng F, Wang X. EGFL7 affects the migration of epidermal stem cells in refractory diabetic wounds by regulating Notch signaling pathway. Regen Med 2023; 18:137-153. [PMID: 36530156 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2022-0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to explore the role of EGFL7 in the healing process of refractory diabetic wounds. Methods: Epidermal stem cells (ESCs) were isolated from healthy mice and diabetic mice, identified by immunofluorescence, transfected with EGFL7 overexpression and silencing lentiviral vectors, and treated with Notch pathway inhibitor (DAPT). Results: SiEGFL7 significantly inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of ESCs of healthy mice. DAPT prominently inhibited the expressions of Notch1, Notch2, Hes1 and Jag1 in ESCs of healthy mice induced by overexpressed EGFL7. Overexpressed EGFL7 promoted wound healing in diabetic mice with refractory wounds. Conclusion: EGFL7 affects the proliferation and migration of ESCs in refractory diabetic wounds by regulating the Notch signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyuan Chang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139, Shaoshan South Road, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139, Shaoshan South Road, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xianxi Meng
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139, Shaoshan South Road, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Fanglin Zeng
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139, Shaoshan South Road, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xiancheng Wang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139, Shaoshan South Road, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
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Ma Y, Li W, Chen S, Lin S, Ding S, Zhou X, Liu T, Wang R, Wang W. Characteristics and response to next-generation sequencing-guided therapy in locally advanced or metastatic esophageal cancer. Int J Cancer 2023; 152:436-446. [PMID: 36214796 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is a main cause of cancer-related deaths. However, genomic alterations and the clinical value of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in advanced or metastatic EC for precision therapy remain largely unclear. Herein, we performed comprehensive analyses on a cohort of 47 individuals with advanced or metastatic EC who underwent NGS between May 2017 and February 2020. Eventually, 227 mutated genes were identified in the cohort. TP53, NQO1, DPYD, GSTM1, XRCC1 and ERCC1 were the most mutated genes and associated with immune cell infiltration, autophagy and hypoxia. Patients who received NGS-guided treatments exhibited better objective remission rate (ORR) (72.22%), disease control rate (DCR) (88.89%), overall survival (OS) (P = .0019) and progression-free survival (PFS) (P = .0077) than those not receiving NGS-guided therapies. The multivariate analyses further demonstrated that the NGS-guided therapy was an independently prognostic factor (OS: hazard radio [HR] 0.31, 95% coincidence interval [CI] 0.1-0.97, P = .04). In conclusion, we depicted a comprehensive mutational landscape of 47 patients with locally advanced or metastatic EC and illustrated the utility of NGS testing to guide clinical management in improving ORR, DCR, OS and PFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyun Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyu Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuimiao Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sijie Ding
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tongxin Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Antropova E, Khlebodarova T, Demenkov P, Venzel A, Ivanisenko N, Gavrilenko A, Ivanisenko T, Adamovskaya A, Revva P, Lavrik I, Ivanisenko V. Computer analysis of regulation of hepatocarcinoma marker genes hypermethylated by HCV proteins. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2022; 26:733-742. [PMID: 36714033 PMCID: PMC9840909 DOI: 10.18699/vjgb-22-89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a risk factor that leads to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. Epigenetic changes are known to play an important role in the molecular genetic mechanisms of virus-induced oncogenesis. Aberrant DNA methylation is a mediator of epigenetic changes that are closely associated with the HCC pathogenesis and considered a biomarker for its early diagnosis. The ANDSystem software package was used to reconstruct and evaluate the statistical significance of the pathways HCV could potentially use to regulate 32 hypermethylated genes in HCC, including both oncosuppressor and protumorigenic ones identified by genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation. The reconstructed pathways included those affecting protein-protein interactions (PPI), gene expression, protein activity, stability, and transport regulations, the expression regulation pathways being statistically significant. It has been shown that 8 out of 10 HCV proteins were involved in these pathways, the HCV NS3 protein being implicated in the largest number of regulatory pathways. NS3 was associated with the regulation of 5 tumor-suppressor genes, which may be the evidence of its central role in HCC pathogenesis. Analysis of the reconstructed pathways has demonstrated that following the transcription factor inhibition caused by binding to viral proteins, the expression of a number of oncosuppressors (WT1, MGMT, SOCS1, P53) was suppressed, while the expression of others (RASF1, RUNX3, WIF1, DAPK1) was activated. Thus, the performed gene-network reconstruction has shown that HCV proteins can influence not only the methylation status of oncosuppressor genes, but also their transcriptional regulation. The results obtained can be used in the search for pharmacological targets to develop new drugs against HCV-induced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- E.A. Antropova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Scences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - T.M. Khlebodarova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Scences, Novosibirsk, RussiaKurchatov Genomic Center of ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - P.S. Demenkov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Scences, Novosibirsk, RussiaKurchatov Genomic Center of ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A.S. Venzel
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Scences, Novosibirsk, RussiaKurchatov Genomic Center of ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - N.V. Ivanisenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Scences, Novosibirsk, RussiaKurchatov Genomic Center of ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A.D. Gavrilenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Scences, Novosibirsk, RussiaNovosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - T.V. Ivanisenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Scences, Novosibirsk, RussiaKurchatov Genomic Center of ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A.V. Adamovskaya
- Kurchatov Genomic Center of ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk, RussiaNovosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - P.M. Revva
- Kurchatov Genomic Center of ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk, RussiaKurchatov Genomic Center of ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - I.N. Lavrik
- Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - V.A. Ivanisenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Scences, Novosibirsk, RussiaKurchatov Genomic Center of ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk, RussiaNovosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
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8
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Li J, Feng Y, Zhao J, Fang Z, Liu H. Telomerase reverse transcriptase promotes angiogenesis in neonatal rats after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14220. [PMID: 36299510 PMCID: PMC9590416 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Angiogenesis is an endogenous repair mechanism following hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD). Interestingly, recent studies have shown that angiogenesis can be regulated by telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), a critical component of telomerase. As telomerase reverse transcriptase can promote angiogenesis after stroke, we hypothesized that it could also promote angiogenesis after HIBD. To test this hypothesis, we developed in vivo and in vitro HIBD models in neonatal rats. Methods TERT was overexpressed by lentivirus and adenovirus infection, and levels were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. We used a cell counting kit to quantify the proliferation rate of brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs), and immunofluorescence staining to measure CD34 expression levels. A microvessel formation assay was used to evaluate angiogenesis. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity was assessed using immunohistochemical staining for ZO-1 and Evans Blue staining. Lastly, the expression level of Notch-1 was measured by western blotting. Results Overexpression of TERT promoted the proliferation of BMECs after hypoxic-ischemic damage in vitro. TERT overexpression increased the formation of microvessels in the neonatal brain after HIBD both in vivo and in vitro. Overexpression of TERT improved BBB integrity in the brains of neonatal rats after HIBD. In addition, the expression level of Notch-1 was increased in BMECs following oxygen glucose deprivation, and overexpression of TERT further increased Notch-1 expression levels in BMECs following oxygen glucose deprivation. Discussion Our results reveal that telomerase reverse transcriptase promotes angiogenesis and maintains the integrity of the blood-brain barrier after neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. Furthermore, the Notch-1 signaling pathway appears to contribute to the angiogenic function of telomerase reverse transcriptase. This protective effect of telomerase reverse transcriptase opens new horizons for future investigations aimed at uncovering the full potential of telomerase reverse transcriptase as a promising new target for the treatment of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Li
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Feng
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhi Fang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haiting Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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9
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Monticone G, Huang Z, Csibi F, Leit S, Ciccone D, Champhekar AS, Austin JE, Ucar DA, Hossain F, Ibba SV, Boulares AH, Carpino N, Xu K, Majumder S, Osborne BA, Loh C, Miele L. Targeting the Cbl-b-Notch1 axis as a novel immunotherapeutic strategy to boost CD8+ T-cell responses. Front Immunol 2022; 13:987298. [PMID: 36090975 PMCID: PMC9459147 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.987298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A critical feature of cancer is the ability to induce immunosuppression and evade immune responses. Tumor-induced immunosuppression diminishes the effectiveness of endogenous immune responses and decreases the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. In this study, we describe a new immunosuppressive pathway in which adenosine promotes Casitas B-lineage lymphoma b (Cbl-b)-mediated Notch1 degradation, causing suppression of CD8+ T-cells effector functions. Genetic knockout and pharmacological inhibition of Cbl-b prevents Notch1 degradation in response to adenosine and reactivates its signaling. Reactivation of Notch1 results in enhanced CD8+ T-cell effector functions, anti-cancer response and resistance to immunosuppression. Our work provides evidence that targeting the Cbl-b-Notch1 axis is a novel promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Monticone
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Zhi Huang
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Fred Csibi
- Nimbus Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Silvana Leit
- Nimbus Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | | | - Ameya S. Champhekar
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jermaine E. Austin
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Deniz A. Ucar
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Fokhrul Hossain
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Salome V. Ibba
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - A. Hamid Boulares
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Nicholas Carpino
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Keli Xu
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Samarpan Majumder
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Barbara A. Osborne
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | | | - Lucio Miele
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- *Correspondence: Lucio Miele,
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10
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Zhang X, Wang Y, Meng L. Comparative genomic analysis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma: New opportunities towards molecularly targeted therapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:1054-1067. [PMID: 35530133 PMCID: PMC9069403 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide because of its rapid progression and poor prognosis. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) are two major subtypes of esophageal cancer. ESCC predominantly affects African and Asian populations, which is closely related to chronic smoking and alcohol consumption. EAC typically arises in Barrett's esophagus with a predilection for Western countries. While surgical operation and chemoradiotherapy have been applied to combat this deadly cancer, molecularly targeted therapy is still at the early stages. With the development of large-scale next-generation sequencing, various genomic alterations in ESCC and EAC have been revealed and their potential roles in the initiation and progression of esophageal cancer have been studied. Potential therapeutic targets have been identified and novel approaches have been developed to combat esophageal cancer. In this review, we comprehensively analyze the genomic alterations in EAC and ESCC and summarize the potential role of the genetic alterations in the development of esophageal cancer. Progresses in the therapeutics based on the different tissue types and molecular signatures have also been reviewed and discussed.
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11
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Context Matters: NOTCH Signatures and Pathway in Cancer Progression and Metastasis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010094. [PMID: 33430387 PMCID: PMC7827494 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway is a critical player in embryogenesis but also plays various roles in tumorigenesis, with both tumor suppressor and oncogenic activities. Mutations, deletions, amplifications, or over-expression of Notch receptors, ligands, and a growing list of downstream Notch-activated genes have by now been described for most human cancer types. Yet, it often remains unclear what may be the functional impact of these changes for tumor biology, initiation, and progression, for cancer therapy, and for personalized medicine. Emerging data indicate that Notch signaling can also contribute to increased aggressive properties such as invasion, tumor heterogeneity, angiogenesis, or tumor cell dormancy within solid cancer tissues; especially in epithelial cancers, which are in the center of this review. Notch further supports the “stemness” of cancer cells and helps define the stem cell niche for their long-term survival, by integrating the interaction between cancer cells and the cells of the tumor microenvironment (TME). The complexity of Notch crosstalk with other signaling pathways and its roles in cell fate and trans-differentiation processes such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) point to this pathway as a decisive player that may tip the balance between tumor suppression and promotion, differentiation and invasion. Here we not only review the literature, but also explore genomic databases with a specific focus on Notch signatures, and how they relate to different stages in tumor development. Altered Notch signaling hereby plays a key role for tumor cell survival and coping with a broad spectrum of vital issues, contributing to failed therapies, poor patient outcome, and loss of lives.
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12
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Li Y, Li Y, Chen X. NOTCH and Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1287:59-68. [PMID: 33034026 PMCID: PMC7895477 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-55031-8_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a deadly disease that requires extensive research on its mechanisms, prevention, and therapy. Recent studies have shown that NOTCH mutations are commonly seen in human ESCC. This chapter summarizes our current understanding of the NOTCH pathway in normal esophagus and in ESCC. In normal esophagus, NOTCH pathway regulates the development of esophageal squamous epithelium, in particular, squamous differentiation. Exposure to extrinsic and intrinsic factors, such as gastroesophageal reflux, alcohol drinking, and inflammation, downregulates the NOTCH pathway and thus inhibits squamous differentiation of esophageal squamous epithelial cells. In ESCC, NOTCH plays a dual role as both a tumor suppressor pathway and an oncogenic pathway. In summary, further studies are warranted to develop NOTCH activators for the prevention of ESCC and NOTCH inhibitors for targeted therapy of a subset of ESCC with activated NOTCH pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Cancer Research Program, Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yahui Li
- Cancer Research Program, Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Xiaoxin Chen
- Cancer Research Program, Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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13
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Abstract
Head and neck cancer is a group of neoplastic diseases affecting the facial, oral, and neck region. It is one of the most common cancers worldwide with an aggressive, invasive evolution. Due to the heterogeneity of the tissues affected, it is particularly challenging to study the molecular mechanisms at the basis of these tumors, and to date we are still lacking accurate targets for prevention and therapy. The Notch signaling is involved in a variety of tumorigenic mechanisms, such as regulation of the tumor microenvironment, aberrant intercellular communication, and altered metabolism. Here, we provide an up-to-date review of the role of Notch in head and neck cancer and draw parallels with other types of solid tumors where the Notch pathway plays a crucial role in emergence, maintenance, and progression of the disease. We therefore give a perspective view on the importance of the pathway in neoplastic development in order to define future lines of research and novel therapeutic approaches.
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14
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Meisel CT, Pagella P, Porcheri C, Mitsiadis TA. Three-Dimensional Imaging and Gene Expression Analysis Upon Enzymatic Isolation of the Tongue Epithelium. Front Physiol 2020; 11:825. [PMID: 32848819 PMCID: PMC7396520 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The tongue is a complex organ involved in a variety of functions such as mastication, speech, and taste sensory function. Enzymatic digestion techniques have been developed to allow the dissociation of the epithelium from the connective tissue of the tongue. However, it is not clear if the integrity and three-dimensional architecture of the isolated epithelium is preserved, and, furthermore if this tissue separation technique excludes its contamination from the mesenchymal tissue. Here, we first describe in detail the methodology of tongue epithelium isolation, and thereafter we analyzed the multicellular compartmentalization of the epithelium by three-dimensional fluorescent imaging and quantitative real-time PCR. Molecular characterization at both protein and transcript levels confirmed the exclusive expression of epithelial markers in the isolated epithelial compartment of the tongue. Confocal imaging analysis revealed that the integrity of the epithelium was not affected, even in the basal layer, where areas of active cell proliferations were detected. Therefore, the preservation of both the architecture and the molecular signature of the tongue epithelium upon enzymatic tissue separation enable further cellular, molecular and imaging studies on the physiology, pathology, and regeneration of the tongue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian T Meisel
- Orofacial Development and Regeneration, Centre for Dental Medicine, Institute of Oral Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pierfrancesco Pagella
- Orofacial Development and Regeneration, Centre for Dental Medicine, Institute of Oral Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Porcheri
- Orofacial Development and Regeneration, Centre for Dental Medicine, Institute of Oral Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thimios A Mitsiadis
- Orofacial Development and Regeneration, Centre for Dental Medicine, Institute of Oral Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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15
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Li L, Xu Y, Wang Y, Liu M, Deng S, Yu X, Cong B, Wang W. Effects of Low Molecular Weight Fucoidan on the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Dysplastic Oral Keratinocyte and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells. Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20921681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors with high incidence, rapid progress, and high mortality. There are still some defects in the treatments of OSCC, which seriously affect the quality of patients’ life. Therefore, it is urgent to find a safer and more effective treatment for OSCC. Low molecular weight fucoidan (LMWF) has various biological activities, such as antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and antithrombotic, and has no obvious side effects, but the effect of LMWF on OSCC has not been reported. In this study, the effects of LMWF on dysplastic oral keratinocyte (DOK) and OSCC cells SCC-9 and SCC-25 were detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, flow cytometry, TUNEL, colony formation, and wound healing assay, and the expression levels of Notch-1 and Jagged-1 treated with LMWF were detected by RT-qPCR. The results showed that LMWF could inhibit the proliferation and migration of DOK and SCC-9, and promote apoptosis. Low molecular weight fucoidan upregulated the expression of Notch-1 and Jagged-1 in DOK and SCC-9 cells. It indicated that LMWF might promote the apoptosis of DOK and SCC-9 by upregulating the Notch signal pathway, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation and playing an antitumor role. It provided theoretical basis to develop LMWF as a novel therapeutic drug for oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Li
- School of Stomatology of Qingdao University, Shandong, China
| | - Yingjie Xu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Qingdao Stomatological Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Yixue Wang
- School of Stomatology of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengjia Liu
- School of Stomatology of Qingdao University, Shandong, China
| | - Songsong Deng
- School of Stomatology of Qingdao University, Shandong, China
| | - Xixi Yu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Qingdao Stomatological Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Beibei Cong
- Department of Oral Medicine, Qingdao Stomatological Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Wanchun Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Qingdao Stomatological Hospital, Shandong, China
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16
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Brane AC, Tollefsbol TO. Targeting Telomeres and Telomerase: Studies in Aging and Disease Utilizing CRISPR/Cas9 Technology. Cells 2019; 8:E186. [PMID: 30795542 PMCID: PMC6406488 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomeres and telomerase provide a unique and important avenue of study in improving both life expectancy and quality of life due to their close association with aging and disease. While major advances in our understanding of these two biological mediators have characterized the last two decades, previous studies have been limited by the inability to affect change in real time within living cells. The last three years, however, have witnessed a huge step forward to overcome this limitation. The advent of the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated (CRISPR/Cas) system has led to a wide array of targeted genetic studies that are already being employed to modify telomeres and telomerase, as well as the genes that affect them. In this review, we analyze studies utilizing the technology to target and modify telomeres, telomerase, and their closely associated genes. We also discuss how these studies can provide insight into the biology and mechanisms that underlie aging, cancer, and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Brane
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Trygve O Tollefsbol
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
- Comprehensive Center for Healthy Aging, University of Alabama Birmingham, 1530 3rd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama Birmingham, 1802 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama Birmingham, 1675 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama Birmingham, 1825 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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