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An G, Hui J, Zhang W, Fan A, Zhou Y, Zhao X, Lu Y, Wang X. A novel lncRNA associated with the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer resists apoptosis through the LYN/BCL-2 pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 723:150177. [PMID: 38810320 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE We found a novel lncRNA named lncAC138150.2 related to the overall survival and staging of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) by bioinformatic analysis using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and the study aimed to elucidate the function of lncAC138150.2 and underlying mechanisms. METHODS Target molecules were knocked down by transfection with antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), siRNAs, or lentiviruses and overexpressed by transfection with plasmids. The function of lncAC138150.2 was determined using histological, cytological, and molecular biology methods. The underlying mechanism of lncAC138150.2 function was investigated using RNA-seq, bioinformatics analysis, and molecular biology methods. RESULTS The expression of lncAC138150.2 was increased in colorectal tissues compared with paired normal tissues. The lncAC138150.2 knockdown increased apoptosis but did not change the cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, or cell migration ability of CRC cells, while lncAC138150.2 overexpression decreased CRC apoptosis. lncAC138150.2 was mainly located in the cell nucleus, and each lncAC138150.2 transcript knockdown increased CRC apoptosis. BCL-2 pathway was significantly altered in apoptosis induced by lncAC138150.2 knockdown, which was alleviated by BAX knockdown. The expression of LYN was significantly decreased with lncAC138150.2 knockdown, LYN knockdown increased CRC apoptosis, and its overexpression completely alleviated CRC apoptosis induced by lncAC138150.2 knockdown. CONCLUSION lncAC138150.2 significantly inhibited CRC apoptosis and affected the prognosis of patients with CRC, through the LYN/BCL-2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhou An
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China; Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Juan Hui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Wenyao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ahui Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Xiaodi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China.
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Liu M, Jiang H, Momeni MR. Epigenetic regulation of autophagy by non-coding RNAs and exosomal non-coding RNAs in colorectal cancer: A narrative review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:132732. [PMID: 38823748 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
One of the major diseases affecting people globally is colorectal cancer (CRC), which is primarily caused by a lack of effective medical treatment and a limited understanding of its underlying mechanisms. Cellular autophagy functions to break down and eliminate superfluous proteins and substances, thereby facilitating the continual replacement of cellular elements and generating vital energy for cell processes. Non-coding RNAs and exosomal ncRNAs have a crucial impact on regulating gene expression and essential cellular functions such as autophagy, metastasis, and treatment resistance. The latest research has indicated that specific ncRNAs and exosomal ncRNA to influence the process of autophagy in CRC cells, which could have significant consequences for the advancement and treatment of this disease. It has been determined that a variety of ncRNAs have a vital function in regulating the genes essential for the formation and maturation of autophagosomes. Furthermore, it has been confirmed that ncRNAs have a considerable influence on the signaling pathways associated with autophagy, such as those involving AMPK, AKT, and mTOR. Additionally, numerous ncRNAs have the potential to affect specific genes involved in autophagy. This study delves into the control mechanisms of ncRNAs and exosomal ncRNAs and examines how they simultaneously influence autophagy in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghua Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning, China
| | - Hongfang Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning, China.
| | - Mohammad Reza Momeni
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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Li L, Chen J, Wang A, Yi K. ALKBH5 regulates ovarian cancer growth via demethylating long noncoding RNA PVT1 in ovarian cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18066. [PMID: 38098223 PMCID: PMC10826426 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The long noncoding RNA PVT1 is reported to act as an oncogene in several kinds of cancers, especially ovarian cancer (OV). Abnormal levels of N6 -methyladenosine, a dynamic and reversible modification, are associated with tumorigenesis and malignancies. Our previous study reported that PVT1 plays critical roles in regulating OV. However, it is still largely unknown how m6 A modification affects OV via PVT1. In this study, we aimed to investigate the regulation of ALKBH5 by affecting PVT1 in OV. We first found that the PVT1 RNA level was higher in OV cells than in IOSE80 cells, and conversely, the m6 A modification level of PVT1 was lower in OV cells. By searching the HPA, ALKBH5, which is responsible for PVT1 demethylation, was found to be upregulated in OV tissues versus normal ovarian tissues. ALKBH5 binds to PVT1 RNA, and knockdown of ALKBH5 decreased PVT1 RNA levels. ALKBH5 also increased FOXM1 levels by upregulating PVT1, at least partially. Knockdown of ALKBH5 suppressed OV growth, colony formation, tumour formation and invasion, which were partially reversed by overexpression of PVT1. Moreover, ALKBH5 knockdown decreased FOXM1 levels by regulating PVT1 RNA expression, subsequently increasing the sensitivity to carboplatin, 5-FU and docetaxel chemotherapy. Taken together, these results indicate that ALKBH5 directly regulates the m6 A modification and stability of PVT1. Then, modified PVT1 further regulates FOXM1 and thus affects malignant behaviours and chemosensitivity in OV cells. All these results indicate that ALKBH5 regulates the malignant behaviour of OV by regulating PVT1/FOXM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- The Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (West China Second University Hospital Sichuan University), Ministry of EducationChengduSichuanChina
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- The Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (West China Second University Hospital Sichuan University), Ministry of EducationChengduSichuanChina
| | - Ao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- The Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (West China Second University Hospital Sichuan University), Ministry of EducationChengduSichuanChina
| | - Ke Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- The Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (West China Second University Hospital Sichuan University), Ministry of EducationChengduSichuanChina
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Zhang Y, Tang J, Wang C, Zhang Q, Zeng A, Song L. Autophagy-related lncRNAs in tumor progression and drug resistance: A double-edged sword. Genes Dis 2024; 11:367-381. [PMID: 37588204 PMCID: PMC10425854 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence and mortality rates of cancer are increasing every year worldwide but the survival rate of cancer patients is still unsatisfactory. Therefore, it is necessary to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in tumor development and drug resistance to improve cancer cure or survival rates. In recent years, autophagy has become a hot topic in the field of oncology research, which plays a double-edged role in tumorigenesis, progression, and drug resistance. Meanwhile, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has also been shown to regulate autophagy, and the two-sided nature of autophagy determines the dual regulatory role of autophagy-related lncRNAs (ARlncRNAs). Therefore, ARlncRNAs can be effective therapeutic targets for various cancers. Furthermore, the high abundance and stability of ARlncRNAs in tumor tissues make them promising biomarkers. In this review, we summarized the roles and mechanisms of ARlncRNAs in tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, drug resistance, angiogenesis, radiation resistance, and immune regulation. In addition, we described the clinical significance of these ARlncRNAs, including as biomarkers/therapeutic targets and their association with clinical drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Zhang
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Jiayu Tang
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Qinxiu Zhang
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Anqi Zeng
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology and Clinical Application, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Linjiang Song
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
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Wu J, Lu X, Yu J, Li P, Yu X. LINC02253 promote the malignant phenotype of Colon adenocarcinoma cells by up-regulating WWP1-mediated SMAD3 ubiquitination. Mol Cell Probes 2023; 72:101928. [PMID: 37597669 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2023.101928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) represents a type of common malignant tumor originating in the digestive tract. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified to engage in regulating the initiation and development of COAD. LncRNA LINC02253 has been reported abnormal expressed in COAD, but the underlying mechanism has not been discussed so far. This study aimed to determine the role and the molecular biology mechanism of LINC02253 in COAD progression and unearthed its specific molecular mechanism. MATERIALS AND RESULTS RT-qPCR and Western blot assays were conducted to detect gene expression. Function assays were performed to evaluate the effect of gene expression on COAD cell phenotype. Mechanism analyses were done to verify the association among genes after bioinformatics analysis. The obtained data revealed that LINC02253 demonstrated a high expression in COAD tissues and cells. This gene served as an oncogene, permitting to stimulate proliferation and suppress apoptosis of COAD cells. Mechanically, it was found that LINC02253 recruited FUS to stabilize WWP1 mRNA and WWP1 could mediate SMAD3 ubiquitination, thereby promoting the malignant phenotype formation of COAD cells. CONCLUSIONS LINC02253 was uncovered to exert an oncogenic role, enhancing the proliferation of COAD cells and repressing the cell apoptosis by recruiting FUS and encouraging WWP1-mediated SMAD3 ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518001, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianhong Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518001, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinzhong Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Pan Li
- Institute of Ultrasound Imaging Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Xiqiu Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518001, Guangdong, China.
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Zhang Z, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Guo J. Autophagy/ferroptosis in colorectal cancer: Carcinogenic view and nanoparticle-mediated cell death regulation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:117006. [PMID: 37669735 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
The cell death mechanisms have a long history of being evaluated in diseases and pathological events. The ability of triggering cell death is considered to be a promising strategy in cancer therapy, but some mechanisms have dual functions in cancer, requiring more elucidation of underlying factors. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease and malignant condition of colon and rectal that causes high mortality and morbidity. The autophagy targeting in CRC is therapeutic importance and this cell death mechanism can interact with apoptosis in inhibiting or increasing apoptosis. Autophagy has interaction with ferroptosis as another cell death pathway in CRC and can accelerate ferroptosis in suppressing growth and invasion. The dysregulation of autophagy affects the drug resistance in CRC and pro-survival autophagy can induce drug resistance. Therefore, inhibition of protective autophagy enhances chemosensitivity in CRC cells. Moreover, autophagy displays interaction with metastasis and EMT as a potent regulator of invasion in CRC cells. The same is true for ferroptosis, but the difference is that function of ferroptosis is determined and it can reduce viability. The lack of ferroptosis can cause development of chemoresistance in CRC cells and this cell death mechanism is regulated by various pathways and mechanisms that autophagy is among them. Therefore, current review paper provides a state-of-art analysis of autophagy, ferroptosis and their crosstalk in CRC. The nanoparticle-mediated regulation of cell death mechanisms in CRC causes changes in progression. The stimulation of ferroptosis and control of autophagy (induction or inhibition) by nanoparticles can impair CRC progression. The engineering part of nanoparticle synthesis to control autophagy and ferroptosis in CRC still requires more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Zhang
- Chengde Medical College, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde, Hebei, 067000, China.
| | - Yintao Zhao
- Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei, 067000, China
| | - Yuman Wang
- Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei, 067000, China
| | - Yutang Zhao
- Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei, 067000, China
| | - Jianen Guo
- Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei, 067000, China
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7
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Soares de Lima Y, Arnau-Collell C, Muñoz J, Herrera-Pariente C, Moreira L, Ocaña T, Díaz-Gay M, Franch-Expósito S, Cuatrecasas M, Carballal S, Lopez-Novo A, Moreno L, Fernàndez G, Díaz de Bustamante A, Peters S, Sommer AK, Spier I, Te Paske IBAW, van Herwaarden YJ, Castells A, Bujanda L, Capellà G, Steinke-Lange V, Mahmood K, Joo JE, Arnold J, Parry S, Macrae FA, Winship IM, Rosty C, Cubiella J, Rodríguez-Alcalde D, Holinski-Feder E, de Voer R, Buchanan DD, Aretz S, Ruiz-Ponte C, Valle L, Balaguer F, Bonjoch L, Castellvi-Bel S. Germline mutations in WNK2 could be associated with serrated polyposis syndrome. J Med Genet 2023; 60:557-567. [PMID: 36270769 PMCID: PMC10313964 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2022-108684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with serrated polyposis syndrome (SPS) have multiple and/or large serrated colonic polyps and higher risk for colorectal cancer. SPS inherited genetic basis is mostly unknown. We aimed to identify new germline predisposition factors for SPS by functionally evaluating a candidate gene and replicating it in additional SPS cohorts. METHODS After a previous whole-exome sequencing in 39 SPS patients from 16 families (discovery cohort), we sequenced specific genes in an independent validation cohort of 211 unrelated SPS cases. Additional external replication was also available in 297 SPS cases. The WNK2 gene was disrupted in HT-29 cells by gene editing, and WNK2 variants were transfected using a lentiviral delivery system. Cells were analysed by immunoblots, real-time PCR and functional assays monitoring the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, cell cycle progression, survival and adhesion. RESULTS We identified 2 rare germline variants in the WNK2 gene in the discovery cohort, 3 additional variants in the validation cohort and 10 other variants in the external cohorts. Variants c.2105C>T (p.Pro702Leu), c.4820C>T (p.Ala1607Val) and c.6157G>A (p.Val2053Ile) were functionally characterised, displaying higher levels of phospho-PAK1/2, phospho-ERK1/2, CCND1, clonogenic capacity and MMP2. CONCLUSION After whole-exome sequencing in SPS cases with familial aggregation and replication of results in additional cohorts, we identified rare germline variants in the WNK2 gene. Functional studies suggested germline WNK2 variants affect protein function in the context of the MAPK pathway, a molecular hallmark in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Soares de Lima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Coral Arnau-Collell
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jenifer Muñoz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Herrera-Pariente
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leticia Moreira
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Ocaña
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marcos Díaz-Gay
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Sebastià Franch-Expósito
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Miriam Cuatrecasas
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) and Tumor Bank-Biobank, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sabela Carballal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anael Lopez-Novo
- Fundación Publica Galega de Medicina Xenómica (FPGMX), Grupo de Medicina Xenómica-USC, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Lorena Moreno
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guerau Fernàndez
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Medicine-IPER, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Center for Biomedical Research Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Sophia Peters
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anna K Sommer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Isabel Spier
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- National Center for Hereditary Tumor Syndromes, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Iris B A W Te Paske
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yasmijn J van Herwaarden
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Antoni Castells
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Bujanda
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Donostia-Instituto Biodonostia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Basque Country University (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Gabriel Capellà
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Institute of Oncology, Oncobell, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Verena Steinke-Lange
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Campus Innenstadt, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
- MGZ - Center of Medical Genetics Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Khalid Mahmood
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne Bioinformatics, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - JiHoon Eric Joo
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Julie Arnold
- New Zealand Familial Gastrointestinal Cancer Service, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Susan Parry
- New Zealand Familial Gastrointestinal Cancer Service, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Finlay A Macrae
- Colorectal Medicine and Genetics, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Genomic Medicine and Family Cancer Clinic, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ingrid M Winship
- Genomic Medicine and Family Cancer Clinic, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christophe Rosty
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Envoi Specialist Pathologists, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Joaquin Cubiella
- Gastroenterology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Ourense, Spain
| | | | - Elke Holinski-Feder
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Campus Innenstadt, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
- MGZ - Center of Medical Genetics Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Richarda de Voer
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel D Buchanan
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Genomic Medicine and Family Cancer Clinic, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stefan Aretz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- National Center for Hereditary Tumor Syndromes, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Clara Ruiz-Ponte
- Fundación Publica Galega de Medicina Xenómica (FPGMX), Grupo de Medicina Xenómica-USC, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Laura Valle
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Institute of Oncology, Oncobell, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Balaguer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Bonjoch
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Castellvi-Bel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
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Kumar A, Girisa S, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Hegde M, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Targeting Autophagy Using Long Non-Coding RNAs (LncRNAs): New Landscapes in the Arena of Cancer Therapeutics. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050810. [PMID: 36899946 PMCID: PMC10000689 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer has become a global health hazard accounting for 10 million deaths in the year 2020. Although different treatment approaches have increased patient overall survival, treatment for advanced stages still suffers from poor clinical outcomes. The ever-increasing prevalence of cancer has led to a reanalysis of cellular and molecular events in the hope to identify and develop a cure for this multigenic disease. Autophagy, an evolutionary conserved catabolic process, eliminates protein aggregates and damaged organelles to maintain cellular homeostasis. Accumulating evidence has implicated the deregulation of autophagic pathways to be associated with various hallmarks of cancer. Autophagy exhibits both tumor-promoting and suppressive effects based on the tumor stage and grades. Majorly, it maintains the cancer microenvironment homeostasis by promoting viability and nutrient recycling under hypoxic and nutrient-deprived conditions. Recent investigations have discovered long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as master regulators of autophagic gene expression. lncRNAs, by sequestering autophagy-related microRNAs, have been known to modulate various hallmarks of cancer, such as survival, proliferation, EMT, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. This review delineates the mechanistic role of various lncRNAs involved in modulating autophagy and their related proteins in different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Mohammed S. Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Electronics and Communications Department, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 35712, Egypt
| | - Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (A.B.K.); Tel.: +91-789-600-5326 (G.S.); +91-361-258-2231 (A.B.K.)
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (A.B.K.); Tel.: +91-789-600-5326 (G.S.); +91-361-258-2231 (A.B.K.)
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Ke S, Wang J, Lu J, Fang M, Li R. Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 00858 participates in the occurrence and development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through the activation of the FTO-m6A-MYC axis by recruiting ZNF184. Genomics 2023; 115:110593. [PMID: 36868327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed at probing impact of LINC00858 on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression via ZNF184-FTO-m6A-MYC axis. METHODS Expression of related genes (LINC00858, ZNF184, FTO, and MYC) was detected in ESCC tissues or cells and their relationships were assessed. After expression alterations in ESCC cells, cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis were detected. Tumor formation in nude mice was conducted. RESULTS LINC00858, ZNF184, FTO, and MYC were overexpressed in ESCC tissues and cells. LINC00858 enhanced ZNF184 expression to upregulate FTO, which augmented MYC expression. LINC00858 knockdown diminished ESCC cell proliferative, migratory, and invasive properties while elevating apoptosis, which was negated by FTO overexpression. FTO knockdown exerted similar functions of LINC00858 knockdown on ESCC cell movements, which was annulled by MYC upregulation. Silencing LINC00858 repressed tumor growth and related gene expression in nude mice. CONCLUSIONS LINC00858 modulated MYC m6A modification via FTO by recruiting ZNF184, thus facilitating ESCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Ke
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Minghao Fang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Ruichao Li
- Department of General Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China.
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10
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Yang Z, Xu F, Teschendorff AE, Zhao Y, Yao L, Li J, He Y. Insights into the role of long non-coding RNAs in DNA methylation mediated transcriptional regulation. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1067406. [PMID: 36533073 PMCID: PMC9755597 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1067406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is one of the most important epigenetic mechanisms that governing regulation of gene expression, aberrant DNA methylation patterns are strongly associated with human malignancies. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have being discovered as a significant regulator on gene expression at the epigenetic level. Emerging evidences have indicated the intricate regulatory effects between lncRNAs and DNA methylation. On one hand, transcription of lncRNAs are controlled by the promoter methylation, which is similar to protein coding genes, on the other hand, lncRNA could interact with enzymes involved in DNA methylation to affect the methylation pattern of downstream genes, thus regulating their expression. In addition, circular RNAs (circRNAs) being an important class of noncoding RNA are also found to participate in this complex regulatory network. In this review, we summarize recent research progress on this crosstalk between lncRNA, circRNA, and DNA methylation as well as their potential functions in complex diseases including cancer. This work reveals a hidden layer for gene transcriptional regulation and enhances our understanding for epigenetics regarding detailed mechanisms on lncRNA regulatory function in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation of Pudong Hospital, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation of Pudong Hospital, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Andrew E. Teschendorff
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Yao
- Experiment Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Li
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation of Pudong Hospital, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yungang He
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation of Pudong Hospital, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Xiu M, Li L, Li Y, Gao Y. An update regarding the role of WNK kinases in cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:795. [PMID: 36123332 PMCID: PMC9485243 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05249-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian WNK kinases (WNKs) are serine/threonine kinases that contain four members, WNK1-4. They function to maintain ion homeostasis and regulate blood pressure in mammals. Recent studies have revealed that the dysregulation of WNKs contributes to tumor growth, metastasis, and angiogenesis through complex mechanisms, especially through phosphorylating kinase substrates SPS1-related proline/alanine-rich kinase (SPAK) and oxidative stress-responsive kinase 1 (OSR1). Here, we review and discuss the relationships between WNKs and several key factors/biological processes in cancer, including ion channels, cation chloride cotransporters, sodium bicarbonate cotransporters, signaling pathways, angiogenesis, autophagy, and non-coding RNAs. In addition, the potential drugs for targeting WNK-SPAK/OSR1 signaling have also been discussed. This review summarizes and discusses knowledge of the roles of WNKs in cancer, which provides a comprehensive reference for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxi Xiu
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200120 Shanghai, China
| | - Li Li
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200120 Shanghai, China
| | - Yandong Li
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200120 Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Gao
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200120 Shanghai, China
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12
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Li F, Liang Z, Jia Y, Zhang P, Ling K, Wang Y, Liang Z. microRNA-324-3p suppresses the aggressive ovarian cancer by targeting WNK2/RAS pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:12030-12044. [PMID: 35549643 PMCID: PMC9276006 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2056314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) has the highest mortality rate among gynecological cancers, which progresses owing to dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) expression. Our study attempts to reveal the mechanism by which decreased miR-324-3p expression suppresses OC proliferation. Quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry were performed to estimate miR-324-3p and WNK2 expression levels in OC cells and tissues. Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, EdU, and transwell assays were performed to analyze the influence of miR-324-3p and WNK2 on the proliferation and invasion ability of OC cells. Subsequently, xenograft models were established to examine the effects of WNK2 on OC cell proliferation in vivo, and databases and luciferase reporter assays were used to test the relationship between miR-324-3p and WNK2 expression. Then, we showed that miR-324-3p expression is decreased in OC cells and tissues, indicating its inhibitory effect on OC cell proliferation. Quantitative real-time PCR and luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that miR-324-3p inhibited WNK2 expression by directly binding to its 3’ untranslated region. WNK2, an upregulated kinase, promotes the proliferation and invasion of OC cells by activating the RAS pathway. Moreover, WNK2 can partly reverse the inhibitory effects of miR-324-3p on OC cell proliferation. Hence, we demonstrate that miR-324-3p suppressed ovarian cancer progression by targeting the WNK2/RAS pathway. Our study provides theoretical evidence for the clinical application potential of miR-324-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjie Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan , China
| | - Zhen Liang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongqin Jia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan , China
| | - Panyang Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan , China
| | - Kaijian Ling
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan , China
| | - Yanzhou Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan , China
| | - Zhiqing Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan , China
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13
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Zhang Q, Zhong C, Duan S. The tumorigenic function of LINC00858 in cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112235. [PMID: 34649358 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays an important regulatory role in the occurrence and development of human cancer. LINC00858 is a newly discovered lncRNA with a length of 2685 nucleotides. Existing studies have shown that LINC00858 has abnormally high expression levels in malignant tumors such as colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, ovarian cancer, osteosarcoma, retinoblastoma, Wilms tumor, bladder cancer, and cervical cancer. By regulating a variety of microRNAs, LINC00858 can affect tumor cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and apoptosis. Related research also found that LINC00858 is related to nuclear transcription factor/protein kinase and gene methylation. The aberrant expression of LINC00858 is related to the prognosis and clinicopathological characteristics of a variety of tumors. Overexpressed LINC00858 is closely related to the clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis of cancer, including colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, ovarian cancer, and Wilms tumor. Also, it is summarized that LINC00858 can regulate MAPK and TGF-β signaling pathways. This review shows that LINC00858 as an important oncogene can promote tumorigenesis and cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiudan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenming Zhong
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shiwei Duan
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
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14
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Chen L, He M, Zhang M, Sun Q, Zeng S, Zhao H, Yang H, Liu M, Ren S, Meng X, Xu H. The Role of non-coding RNAs in colorectal cancer, with a focus on its autophagy. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 226:107868. [PMID: 33901505 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of malignant afflictions burdening people worldwide, mainly caused by shortages of effective medical intervention and poorly mechanistic understanding of the pathogenesis of CRC. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a type of heterogeneous transcripts without the capability of coding protein, but have the potency of regulating protein-coding gene expression. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved catabolic process in which cytoplasmic contents are delivered to cellular lysosomes for degradation, resulting in the turnover of cellular components and producing energy for cell functions. A growing body of evidence reveals that ncRNAs, autophagy, and the crosstalks of ncRNAs and autophagy play intricate roles in the initiation, progression, metastasis, recurrence and therapeutic resistance of CRC, which confer ncRNAs and autophagy to serve as clinical biomarkers and therapeutic targets for CRC. In this review, we sought to delineate the complicated roles of ncRNAs, mainly including miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs, in the pathogenesis of CRC, particularly focus on the regulatory role of ncRNAs in CRC-related autophagy, attempting to shed light on the complex pathological mechanisms, involving ncRNAs and autophagy, responsible for CRC tumorigenesis and development, so as to underpin the ncRNAs- and autophagy-based therapeutic strategies for CRC in clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Man He
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Sha Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Han Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Maolun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xianli Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Haibo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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