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Hu Z, Yuan L, Yang X, Yi C, Lu J. The roles of long non-coding RNAs in ovarian cancer: from functions to therapeutic implications. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1332528. [PMID: 38725621 PMCID: PMC11079149 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1332528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are multifunctional and participate in a variety of biological processes and gene regulatory networks. The deregulation of lncRNAs has been extensively implicated in diverse human diseases, especially in cancers. Overwhelming evidence demonstrates that lncRNAs are essential to the pathophysiological processes of ovarian cancer (OC), acting as regulators involved in metastasis, cell death, chemoresistance, and tumor immunity. In this review, we illustrate the expanded functions of lncRNAs in the initiation and progression of OC and elaborate on the signaling pathways in which they pitch. Additionally, the potential clinical applications of lncRNAs as biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of OC were emphasized, cementing the bridge of communication between clinical practice and basic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Lijin Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huangshi Puren Hospital, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Xiu Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Cunjian Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Jinzhi Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
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2
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Alam S, Giri PK. Novel players in the development of chemoresistance in ovarian cancer: ovarian cancer stem cells, non-coding RNA and nuclear receptors. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2024; 7:6. [PMID: 38434767 PMCID: PMC10905178 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2023.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) ranks as the fifth leading factor for female mortality globally, with a substantial burden of new cases and mortality recorded annually. Survival rates vary significantly based on the stage of diagnosis, with advanced stages posing significant challenges to treatment. OC is primarily categorized as epithelial, constituting approximately 90% of cases, and correct staging is essential for tailored treatment. The debulking followed by chemotherapy is the prevailing treatment, involving platinum-based drugs in combination with taxanes. However, the efficacy of chemotherapy is hindered by the development of chemoresistance, both acquired during treatment (acquired chemoresistance) and intrinsic to the patient (intrinsic chemoresistance). The emergence of chemoresistance leads to increased mortality rates, with many advanced patients experiencing disease relapse shortly after initial treatment. This review delves into the multifactorial nature of chemoresistance in OC, addressing mechanisms involving transport systems, apoptosis, DNA repair, and ovarian cancer stem cells (OCSCs). While previous research has identified genes associated with these mechanisms, the regulatory roles of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) and nuclear receptors in modulating gene expression to confer chemoresistance have remained poorly understood and underexplored. This comprehensive review aims to shed light on the genes linked to different chemoresistance mechanisms in OC and their intricate regulation by ncRNA and nuclear receptors. Specifically, we examine how these molecular players influence the chemoresistance mechanism. By exploring the interplay between these factors and gene expression regulation, this review seeks to provide a comprehensive mechanism driving chemoresistance in OC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pankaj Kumar Giri
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, New Delhi 110068, India
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3
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Zhu C, Fu Y, Xia L, Li F, Huang K, Sun X. Expression Profiles, Prognosis, and ceRNA Regulation of SRY-Related HMG-Box Genes in Stomach Adenocarcinoma. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2023; 42:79-91. [PMID: 36749091 DOI: 10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.2022044640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of the SRY-related HMG-box (SOX) genes contributes to tumor development and progression. This research aimed to identify the regulation of the SOX genes in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD). Expression profiles downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were conducted to analyze the expression and function of the SOX genes. A competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) network mediated by the SOX genes was effectively constructed consisting of 64 lncRNAs, 29 miRNAs, and 11 SOX genes based on predicted miRNAs shared by lncRNAs and mRNAs using miRDB, TargetScan, miRTarBase, miRcode, and starBase v2.0. SOX9 was identified as a prognostic signature, which showed the usefulness of diagnosis and prognosis of STAD by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and Kaplan-Meier curves. SOX9 was also shown specifically in STAD and identified as highly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that SOX9 might influence the genes related to the pattern specification process, sodium ion homeostasis, and potassium ion transport, mainly including FEZF1, HOXC13, HOXC10, HOXC9, HOXA11, DPP6, ATP4B, CASQ2, KCNA1, ATP4A, and SFRP1. Furthermore, HOTAIR knockdown, miR-206-mimic transfection, the Cell Count Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay were performed to verify the function of HOTAIR/miR-206/SOX9 axis, which was identified in the ceRNA network analysis. HOTAIR could induce proliferation potentially by competitively binding miR-206/SOX9 axis in STAD. These findings provide new clues with prognostic and therapeutic implications in STAD and suggest that HOTAIR/miR-206/SOX9 might be a potential new strategy for therapeutic targeting of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Yuxiang Fu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Ligang Xia
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Kaibin Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, China
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Bahari Khasraghi L, Nouri M, Vazirzadeh M, Hashemipour N, Talebi M, Aghaei Zarch F, Majidpoor J, Kalhor K, Farnia P, Najafi S, Aghaei Zarch SM. MicroRNA-206 in human cancer: Mechanistic and clinical perspectives. Cell Signal 2023; 101:110525. [PMID: 36400383 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs approximately 20-25 nt in length, play important roles via directly binding to the corresponding 3' UTR of target mRNAs. Recent research has shown that miRNAs cover a wide range of diseases, including several types of cancer. It is interesting to note that miR-206 operates as a tumor suppressor and is downregulated in abundant cancer types, such as breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and so forth. Interestingly, a growing number of studies have also reported that miR-206 could function as an oncogene and promote tumor cell proliferation. Thereby, miR-206 may act as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors under certain conditions. In addition, it was widely acknowledged that restoring tumor-suppressor miR-206 has emerged as an unconventional cancer therapy strategy. Therefore, miR-206 might be a newfangled procedure for achieving a more significant treatment outcome for cancer patients. This review summarizes the role of miR-206 in several cancer types and the contributions made between miR-206 and the diagnosis, treatment, and drug resistance of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Bahari Khasraghi
- 15 khordad Educational Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Nouri
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Masoud Vazirzadeh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Mehrdad Talebi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Jamal Majidpoor
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Disease Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.
| | - Kambiz Kalhor
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
| | - Poopak Farnia
- Mycobacteriology Research Centre, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Mohsen Aghaei Zarch
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Khalilian S, Hosseini Imani SZ, Ghafouri-Fard S. Emerging roles and mechanisms of miR-206 in human disorders: a comprehensive review. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:412. [PMID: 36528620 PMCID: PMC9758816 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02833-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
As a member of the miR-1 family, miR-206 is located between IL-17 and PKHD1 genes in human. This miRNA has been shown to be involved in the pathogenic processes in a variety of human disorders including cancers, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, coronary artery disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, epilepsy, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Hirschsprung disease, muscular dystrophies, pulmonary arterial hypertension, sepsis and ulcerative colitis. In the current review, we summarize the role of miR-206 in both malignant and non-malignant situations and explain its possible therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheyda Khalilian
- grid.411600.2Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411600.2Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411600.2USERN Office, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Zahra Hosseini Imani
- grid.411750.60000 0001 0454 365XDivision of Genetics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan, Esfahān, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- grid.411600.2Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Estrada-Meza C, Torres-Copado A, Loreti González-Melgoza L, Ruiz-Manriquez LM, De Donato M, Sharma A, Pathak S, Banerjee A, Paul S. Recent insights into the microRNA and long non-coding RNA-mediated regulation of stem cell populations. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:270. [PMID: 36101546 PMCID: PMC9464284 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03343-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that have multi-lineage differentiation. The transition from self-renewal to differentiation requires rapid and extensive gene expression alterations. Since different stem cells exhibit diverse non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) expression profiles, the critical roles of ncRNAs in stem cell reprogramming, pluripotency maintenance, and differentiation have been widely investigated over the past few years. Hence, in this current review, the two main categories of ncRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), are discussed. While the primary way by which miRNAs restrict mRNA transcription is through miRNA-mRNA interaction, lncRNAs have a wide range of effects on mRNA functioning, including interactions with miRNAs. Both of these ncRNAs participate in the post-transcriptional regulation of crucial biological mechanisms, such as cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, aging, and cell fate decisions. These findings shed light on a previously unknown aspect of gene regulation in stem cell fate determination and behavior. Overall, we summarized the key roles of miRNAs (including exosomal miRNAs) and lncRNAs in the regulation of stem cell populations, such as cardiac, hematopoietic, mesenchymal, neural, and spermatogonial, as well ncRNAs' influence on malignancy through modulating cancer stem cells, which might significantly contribute to clinical stem cell therapy and in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Estrada-Meza
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, CP 76130 Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Andrea Torres-Copado
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, CP 76130 Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Luisa Loreti González-Melgoza
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, CP 76130 Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Luis M. Ruiz-Manriquez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, CP 76130 Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Marcos De Donato
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, CP 76130 Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Ashutosh Sharma
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, CP 76130 Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, India
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, India
| | - Sujay Paul
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, CP 76130 Queretaro, Mexico
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Xiang J, Gao L, Jing HY, Liu YX, Wang HF, Chang ZW, Liu SH, Yu L, Wang GY. Construction of CeRNA regulatory network based on WGCNA reveals diagnosis biomarkers for colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:991. [PMID: 36115953 PMCID: PMC9482270 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10054-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer is the third most common cause of death among cancers in the world. Although improvements in various treatments have greatly improved the survival time of colorectal cancer patients, since colorectal cancer is often at an advanced stage when diagnosed, the prognosis of patients is still very poor. Since the ceRNA regulatory network was proposed in 2011, it has greatly promoted the study of the molecular mechanism of colorectal cancer occurrence and development. Objective Exploring the new molecular mechanism of colorectal cancer occurrence and development and providing new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer. Method We analyzed the RNA-seq data of CRC from TCGA, such as differential expression analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and construction of ceRNA regulatory network. Results We constructed a ceRNA network using RNA-seq data of CRC from TCGA. In the ceRNA regulatory network, 19 hub molecules with significant prognostic effects were ultimately identified, including 8 lncRNAs, 2 mRNAs and 9 miRNAs. These hub molecules constitute the lncRNA-miRNA, miRNA-mRNA or lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA axis. Conclusion In this article, some new ceRNA regulatory axes have been discovered, which may potentially disclose new molecular mechanisms for the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer, thereby providing an important blueprint for the treatment and prognosis assessment of CRC patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-10054-z.
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Functions and underlying mechanisms of lncRNA HOTAIR in cancer chemotherapy resistance. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:383. [PMID: 36100611 PMCID: PMC9470550 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01174-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy has been one of the most important treatments for advanced cancer in recent decades. Although the sensitivity rate of initial chemotherapy is high, patients with chemotherapy resistant tumors, experience tumor recurrence. In recent years, many studies have shown that homeobox transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) is involved in many pathological processes including carcinogenesis. The abnormal regulation of a variety of cell functions by HOTAIR, such as apoptosis, the cell cycle, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, autophagy, self-renewal, and metabolism, is associated with chemotherapy resistance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand the biology and mechanism underlying the role of HOTAIR in tumor behavior and its potential as a biomarker for predicting the effect of chemotherapy. In this manuscript, we review the mechanisms underlying HOTAIR-related drug resistance and discuss the limitations of current knowledge and propose potential future directions.
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Eptaminitaki GC, Stellas D, Bonavida B, Baritaki S. Long Non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) signaling in Cancer Chemoresistance: From Prediction to Druggability. Drug Resist Updat 2022; 65:100866. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2022.100866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Chen L, Wang J, Liu Q. Long noncoding RNAs as therapeutic targets to overcome chemoresistance in ovarian cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:999174. [PMID: 36105363 PMCID: PMC9464811 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.999174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been characterized to play an essential role in ovarian tumorigenesis via controlling a variety of cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, invasion, apoptotic death, metastasis, cell cycle, migration, metabolism, immune evasion, and chemoresistance. The one obstacle for the therapeutic efficacy is due to the development of drug resistance in ovarian cancer patients. Therefore, in this review article, we describe the role of lncRNAs in chemoresistance in ovarian cancer. Moreover, we discuss the molecular mechanism of lncRNAs-involved drug resistance in ovarian cancer. We conclude that lncRNAs could be useful targets to overcome chemoresistance and improve therapeutic outcome in ovarian cancer patients.
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Damerell V, Ambele MA, Salisbury S, Neumann-Mufweba A, Durandt C, Pepper MS, Prince S. The c-Myc/TBX3 Axis Promotes Cellular Transformation of Sarcoma-Initiating Cells. Front Oncol 2022; 11:801691. [PMID: 35145908 PMCID: PMC8821881 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.801691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcomas are highly aggressive cancers of mesenchymal origin whose clinical management is highly complex. This is partly due to a lack of understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning the transformation of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) which are presumed to be the sarcoma-initiating cells. c-Myc is amplified/overexpressed in a range of sarcomas where it has an established oncogenic role and there is evidence that it contributes to the malignant transformation of MSCs. T-box transcription factor 3 (TBX3) is upregulated by c-Myc in a host of sarcoma subtypes where it promotes proliferation, tumor formation, migration, and invasion. This study investigated whether TBX3 is a c-Myc target in human MSCs (hMSCs) and whether overexpressing TBX3 in hMSCs can phenocopy c-Myc overexpression to promote malignant transformation. Using siRNA, qRT-PCR, luciferase reporter and chromatin-immunoprecipitation assays, we show that c-Myc binds and directly activates TBX3 transcription in hMSCs at a conserved E-box motif. When hMSCs were engineered to stably overexpress TBX3 using lentiviral gene transfer and the resulting cells characterised in 2D and 3D, the overexpression of TBX3 was shown to promote self-renewal, bypass senescence, and enhance proliferation which corresponded with increased levels of cell cycle progression markers (cyclin A, cyclin B1, CDK2) and downregulation of the p14ARF/MDM2/p53 tumor suppressor pathway. Furthermore, TBX3 promoted the migratory and invasive ability of hMSCs which associated with increased levels of markers of migration (Vimentin, SLUG, SNAIL, TWIST1) and invasion (MMP2, MMP9). Transcriptomic analysis revealed that genes upregulated upon TBX3 overexpression overlapped with c-myc targets, were involved in cell cycle progression, and were associated with sarcomagenesis. Together, the data described indicate that the c-Myc/TBX3 oncogenic molecular pathway may be a key mechanism that transforms hMSCs into sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Damerell
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Melvin Anyasi Ambele
- Department of Immunology and SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Research and Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Shanel Salisbury
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Alexis Neumann-Mufweba
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Chrisna Durandt
- Department of Immunology and SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Research and Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Michael Sean Pepper
- Department of Immunology and SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Research and Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Sharon Prince
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- *Correspondence: Sharon Prince,
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Rizk NI, Abulsoud AI, Kamal MM, Kassem DH, Hamdy NM. Exosomal-long non-coding RNAs journey in colorectal cancer: Evil and goodness faces of key players. Life Sci 2022; 292:120325. [PMID: 35031258 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are nano-vesicles (NVs) secreted by cells and take part in cell-cell communications. Lately, these exosomes were proved to have dual faces in cancer. Actually, they can contribute to carcinogenesis through epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, metastasis and tumor microenvironment (TME) of various cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). On the other hand, they can be potential targets for cancer treatment. CRC is one of the most frequent tumors worldwide, with incidence rates rising in the recent decades. In its early stage, CRC is asymptomatic with poor treatment outcomes. Therefore, finding a non-invasive, early diagnostic biomarker tool and/or suitable defender to combat CRC is mandatory. Exosomes provide enrichment and safe setting for their cargos non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and proteins, whose expression levels can be upregulated ordown-regulated in cancer. Hence, exosomes can be used as diagnostic and/or prognostic tools for cancer. Moreover, exosomes can provide a novel potential therapeutic modality for tumors via loading with specific chemotherapeutic agents, with the advantage of possible tumor targeting. In this review, we will try to collect and address recent studies concerned with exosomes and their cargos' implications for CRC diagnosis and/or hopefully, treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nehal I Rizk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys Branch), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Kamal
- Pharmacology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, Egypt; The Centre for Drug Research and Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, BUE, Cairo, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina H Kassem
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nadia M Hamdy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Lu Y, Mao J, Xu Y, Pan H, Wang Y, Li W. Ropivacaine represses the ovarian cancer cell stemness and facilitates cell ferroptosis through inactivating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221120652. [PMID: 36124980 DOI: 10.1177/09603271221120652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ovarian cancer is a malignant tumor in women all over the world. Ropivacaine is identified as a potential drug for the treatment of malignant tumors, but the role and mechanism of ropivacaine in ovarian cancer remains unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ovarian cancer cells were treated with different doses of ropivacaine. The function of ropivacaine in ovarian cancer was assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, flow cytometry, sphere-formation assay, Western blot, Fe2+ level analysis, and immunofluorescence. Meanwhile, the mechanism of ropivacaine in ovarian cancer was investigated by multiple molecular experiments. The protective function of ropivacaine in ovarian cancer was further confirmed by in vivo assay. RESULTS The functional research data indicated that the growth and stemness of ovarian cancer cells were restrained after ropivacaine treatment, while the ferroptosis in ovarian cancer cells was facilitated. The mechanism results confirmed that ropivacaine inactivated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, in vivo assay demonstrated that ropivacaine repressed the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells in vivo and had a protective function in ovarian cancer. CONCLUSION Ropivacaine restrained ovarian cancer cell stemness and accelerated cell ferroptosis by inactivating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lu
- Department Of Anesthesia, 34708Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jinbao Mao
- Department Of Anesthesia and Surgery, 34708Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanbing Xu
- Department Of Anesthesia, 34708Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Hao Pan
- Department Of Anesthesia, 34708Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department Of Anesthesia, 34708Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department Of Anesthesia, 34708Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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Naz F, Tariq I, Ali S, Somaida A, Preis E, Bakowsky U. The Role of Long Non-Coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Female Oriented Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6102. [PMID: 34885213 PMCID: PMC8656502 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13236102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in molecular biology have discovered the mysterious role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as potential biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and targets for advanced cancer therapy. Studies have shown that lncRNAs take part in the incidence and development of cancers in humans. However, previously they were considered as mere RNA noise or transcription byproducts lacking any biological function. In this article, we present a summary of the progress on ascertaining the biological functions of five lncRNAs (HOTAIR, NEAT1, H19, MALAT1, and MEG3) in female-oriented cancers, including breast and gynecological cancers, with the perspective of carcinogenesis, cancer proliferation, and metastasis. We provide the current state of knowledge from the past five years of the literature to discuss the clinical importance of such lncRNAs as therapeutic targets or early diagnostic biomarkers. We reviewed the consequences, either oncogenic or tumor-suppressing features, of their aberrant expression in female-oriented cancers. We tried to explain the established mechanism by which they regulate cancer proliferation and metastasis by competing with miRNAs and other mechanisms involved via regulating genes and signaling pathways. In addition, we revealed the association between stated lncRNAs and chemo-resistance or radio-resistance and their potential clinical applications and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Naz
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, Allama Iqbal Campus, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Imran Tariq
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, Allama Iqbal Campus, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany or (S.A.); (A.S.); (E.P.)
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany or (S.A.); (A.S.); (E.P.)
- Angström Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ahmed Somaida
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany or (S.A.); (A.S.); (E.P.)
| | - Eduard Preis
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany or (S.A.); (A.S.); (E.P.)
| | - Udo Bakowsky
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany or (S.A.); (A.S.); (E.P.)
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Sabol M, Calleja-Agius J, Di Fiore R, Suleiman S, Ozcan S, Ward MP, Ozretić P. (In)Distinctive Role of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Common and Rare Ovarian Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13205040. [PMID: 34680193 PMCID: PMC8534192 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rare ovarian cancers (ROCs) are OCs with an annual incidence of fewer than 6 cases per 100,000 women. They affect women of all ages, but due to their low incidence and the potential clinical inexperience in management, there can be a delay in diagnosis, leading to a poor prognosis. The underlying causes for these tumors are varied, but generally, the tumors arise due to alterations in gene/protein expression in cellular processes that regulate normal proliferation and its checkpoints. Dysregulation of the cellular processes that lead to cancer includes gene mutations, epimutations, non-coding RNA (ncRNA) regulation, posttranscriptional and posttranslational modifications. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) are defined as transcribed RNA molecules, more than 200 nucleotides in length which are not translated into proteins. They regulate gene expression through several mechanisms and therefore add another level of complexity to the regulatory mechanisms affecting tumor development. Since few studies have been performed on ROCs, in this review we summarize the mechanisms of action of lncRNA in OC, with an emphasis on ROCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Sabol
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Jean Calleja-Agius
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta; (J.C.-A.); (R.D.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Riccardo Di Fiore
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta; (J.C.-A.); (R.D.F.); (S.S.)
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Sherif Suleiman
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta; (J.C.-A.); (R.D.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Sureyya Ozcan
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey;
- Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory (CanSyl), Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mark P. Ward
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Trinity College Dublin and Coombe Women’s and Infants University Hospital, D08 RX0X Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Petar Ozretić
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-(1)-4571292
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Li H, Wang S, Yao Q, Liu Y, Yang J, Xu L, Yang G. A Combined Long Noncoding RNA Signature as a Candidate Prognostic Biomarker for Ovarian Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:624240. [PMID: 34123783 PMCID: PMC8191461 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.624240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Dysregulated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) contributing to ovarian cancer (OC) development may serve as prognostic biomarker. We aimed to explore a lncRNA signature to serve as prognostic biomarker of OC. Methods Univariate Cox regression was conducted on the lncRNA expression dataset from the TCGA cohort, and 246 genes significantly associated with survival were retained for building a model. A random forest survival model was carried out, and a model was developed using 6 genes with the highest frequency. The selected genes were applied in a Cox multivariate regression model for prognostic prediction by calculating the risk score. We also used CCK-8, EdU, and colony formation assays to validate the function of these lncRNAs in OC cells. Results This study confirmed that the 6-lncRNA combined signature was related to OC prognosis. Systematic analysis demonstrated that lncRNA-associated genes were enriched in oncogenic signalling pathways. Five out of the 6 lncRNAs participated in OC proliferation. Conclusion We established a 6-lncRNA combined signature for OC prognosis, which may serve as powerful prognostic biomarker for OC after further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Central Laboratory, the Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuoer Wang
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianlan Yao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Postanesthesia Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lun Xu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gong Yang
- Central Laboratory, the Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
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Wang X, Yu X, Long X, Pu Q. MIR205 host gene (MIR205HG) drives osteosarcoma metastasis via regulating the microRNA 2114-3p (miR-2114-3p)/twist family bHLH transcription factor 2 (TWIST2) axis. Bioengineered 2021; 12:1576-1586. [PMID: 33949284 PMCID: PMC8806225 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1920326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive malignant tumor with a high rate of lung metastasis and a lack of therapeutic targets. Although the anomalous expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has been extensively documented in human cancer, its contribution to OS metastasis remains poorly understood. In this study, we found that MIR205 host gene (MIR205HG) was significantly elevated in human OS tissues, especially in metastatic OS tissues. Stable knockdown of MIR205HG inhibited OS cell invasion and lung metastatic foci formation, but did not affect cell viability. The vast majority of MIR205HG was situated in the cytosol, and served as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) that directly bound to microRNA 2114–3p (miR-2114-3p), resulting in increased twist family bHLH transcription factor 2 (TWIST2) level. Pre-clinically, high MIR205HG was linked with dismal overall and relapse-free survival. Functionally, the attenuated cell invasion caused by MIR205HG knockdown was effectively rescued by miR-2114-3p silencing or TWIST2 overexpression. Overall, our findings suggest that the previously uncharacterized regulatory axis of MIR205HG/miR-2114-3p/TWIST2 plays a critical role in promoting OS metastasis, which implies a potential therapeutic target in OS patients with metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Musculoskeletal Cancer, Hunan Cancer Hospital & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University, Changsha, PR, China
| | - Xiaojie Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hunan Aerospace Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Xiongwu Long
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hunan Aerospace Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Qianqian Pu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hunan Cancer Hospital & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University, Changsha, PR, China
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18
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Non-coding RNA in cancer. Essays Biochem 2021; 65:625-639. [PMID: 33860799 PMCID: PMC8564738 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20200032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Majority of the human genome is transcribed to RNAs that do not encode proteins. These non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play crucial roles in regulating the initiation and progression of various cancers. Given the importance of the ncRNAs, the roles of ncRNAs in cancers have been reviewed elsewhere. Thus, in this review, we mainly focus on the recent studies of the function, regulatory mechanism and therapeutic potential of the ncRNAs including microRNA (miRNA), long ncRNA (lncRNA), circular RNA (circRNA) and PIWI interacting RNA (piRNA), in different type of cancers.
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Shu G, Su H, Wang Z, Lai S, Wang Y, Liu X, Dai L, Bi Y, Chen W, Huang W, Zhou Z, He S, Dai H, Tang B. LINC00680 enhances hepatocellular carcinoma stemness behavior and chemoresistance by sponging miR-568 to upregulate AKT3. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:45. [PMID: 33499874 PMCID: PMC7836199 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01854-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has an extremely poor prognosis due to the development of chemoresistance, coupled with inherently increased stemness properties. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are key regulators for tumor cell stemness and chemosensitivity. Currently the relevance between LINC00680 and tumor progression was still largely unknown, with only one study showing its significance in glioblastoma. The study herein was aimed at identifying the role of LINC00680 in the regulation HCC stemness and chemosensitivity. METHODS QRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of LINC00680, miR-568 and AKT3 in tissue specimen and cell lines. Gain- or loss-of function assays were applied to access the function of LINC00680 in HCC cells, including cell proliferation and stemness properties. HCC stemness and chemosensitivity were determined by sphere formation, cell viability and colony formation. Luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and RNA pull-down assays were performed to examine the interaction between LINC00680 and miR-568 as well as that between miR-568 and AKT3. A nude mouse xenograft model was established for the in vivo study. RESULTS We found that LINC00680 was remarkably upregulated in HCC tissues. Patients with high level of LINC00680 had poorer prognosis. LINC00680 overexpression significantly enhanced HCC cell stemness and decreased in vitro and in vivo chemosensitivity to 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu), whereas LINC00680 knockdown led to opposite results. Mechanism study revealed that LINC00680 regulated HCC stemness and chemosensitivity through sponging miR-568, thereby expediting the expression of AKT3, which further activated its downstream signaling molecules, including mTOR, elF4EBP1, and p70S6K. CONCLUSION LINC00680 promotes HCC stemness properties and decreases chemosensitivity through sponging miR-568 to activate AKT3, suggesting that LINC00680 might be a potentially important HCC diagnosis marker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gege Shu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Application Research for Hepatobiliary Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Huizhao Su
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Application Research for Hepatobiliary Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqian Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Application Research for Hepatobiliary Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihui Lai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Application Research for Hepatobiliary Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Application Research for Hepatobiliary Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomeng Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Application Research for Hepatobiliary Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Luo Dai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Application Research for Hepatobiliary Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Bi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Application Research for Hepatobiliary Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Application Research for Hepatobiliary Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiyu Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Application Research for Hepatobiliary Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyan Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Application Research for Hepatobiliary Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Songqing He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Application Research for Hepatobiliary Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongliang Dai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Application Research for Hepatobiliary Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bo Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Application Research for Hepatobiliary Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
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LncRNAs in Ovarian Cancer Progression, Metastasis, and Main Pathways: ceRNA and Alternative Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228855. [PMID: 33238475 PMCID: PMC7700431 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OvCa) develops asymptomatically until it reaches the advanced stages with metastasis, chemoresistance, and poor prognosis. Our review focuses on the analysis of regulatory long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) competing with protein-coding mRNAs for binding to miRNAs according to the model of competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) in OvCa. Analysis of publications showed that most lncRNAs acting as ceRNAs participate in OvCa progression: migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and metastasis. More than 30 lncRNAs turned out to be predictors of survival and/or response to therapy in patients with OvCa. For a number of oncogenic (CCAT1, HOTAIR, NEAT1, and TUG1 among others) and some suppressive lncRNAs, several lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA axes were identified, which revealed various functions for each of them. Our review also considers examples of alternative mechanisms of actions for lncRNAs besides being ceRNAs, including binding directly to mRNA or protein, and some of them (DANCR, GAS5, MALAT1, and UCA1 among others) act by both mechanisms depending on the target protein. A systematic analysis based on the data from literature and Panther or KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) databases showed that a significant part of lncRNAs affects the key pathways involved in OvCa metastasis, EMT, and chemoresistance.
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