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Han H, Liu J, Zhu S, Zhao T. Identification of two key biomarkers CD93 and FGL2 associated with survival of acute myeloid leukaemia by weighted gene co-expression network analysis. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18552. [PMID: 39054581 PMCID: PMC11272607 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a biologically heterogeneous haematological malignancy. This study was performed to identify the potential biomarkers for the prognosis and treatment of AML. We applied weighted gene co-expression network analysis to identify key modules and hub genes related to the prognosis of AML using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). In total, 1581 differentially expressed genes (1096 upregulated and 485 downregulated) were identified between AML patients and healthy controls, with the blue module being the most significant among 14 modules associated with AML morphology. Through functional enrichment analysis, we identified 217 genes in the blue module significantly enriched in 'neutrophil degranulation' and 'neutrophil activation involved in immune response' pathways. The survival analysis revealed six genes (S100A9, S100A8, HK3, CD93, CXCR2 and FGL2) located in the significantly enriched pathway that were notably related to AML survival. We validated the expression of these six genes at gene and single-cell levels and identified methylation loci of each gene, except for S100A8. Finally, in vitro experiments were performed to demonstrate whether the identified hub genes were associated with AML survival. After knockdown of CD93 and FGL2, cell proliferation was significantly reduced in U937 cell line over 5 days. In summary, we identified CD93 and FGL2 as key hub genes related to AML survival, with FGL2 being a novel biomarker for the prognosis and treatment of AML.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/mortality
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Gene Regulatory Networks
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Prognosis
- Receptors, Complement/genetics
- Receptors, Complement/metabolism
- GPI-Linked Proteins/genetics
- GPI-Linked Proteins/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2/genetics
- Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2/metabolism
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Cell Line, Tumor
- DNA Methylation/genetics
- Survival Analysis
- Fibrinogen
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Han
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of Medicine, Hangzhou City UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of Medicine, Hangzhou City UniversityHangzhouChina
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaChina
| | - Shengyu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of Medicine, Hangzhou City UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Tiejun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of Medicine, Hangzhou City UniversityHangzhouChina
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaChina
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Gao C, Li X, Xu Y, Zhang T, Zhu H, Yao D. Recent advances in CAR-T cell therapy for acute myeloid leukaemia. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18369. [PMID: 38712978 PMCID: PMC11075639 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a fatal and refractory haematologic cancer that primarily affects adults. It interferes with bone marrow cell proliferation. Patients have a 5 years survival rate of less than 30% despite the availability of several treatments, including chemotherapy, allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT), and receptor antagonist drugs. Allo-HSCT is the mainstay of acute myeloid leukaemia treatment. Although it does work, there are severe side effects, such as graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). In recent years, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapies have made significant progress in the treatment of cancer. These engineered T cells can locate and recognize tumour cells in vivo and release a large number of effectors through immune action to effectively kill tumour cells. CAR-T cells are among the most effective cancer treatments because of this property. CAR-T cells have demonstrated positive therapeutic results in the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia, according to numerous clinical investigations. This review highlights recent progress in new targets for AML immunotherapy, and the limitations, and difficulties of CAR-T therapy for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Gao
- College of Life Science and HealthWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Xin Li
- College of BiotechnologyTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjinChina
| | - Yao Xu
- College of Life Science and HealthWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Tongcun Zhang
- College of Life Science and HealthWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Institute of Biology and MedicineWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Haichuan Zhu
- College of Life Science and HealthWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Di Yao
- College of Life Science and HealthWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
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Liu H, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Fan Z, Yang Y, Mao Y, Yang J, Ma S. CD93 regulates breast cancer growth and vasculogenic mimicry through the PI3K/AKT/SP2 signaling pathway activated by integrin β1. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23688. [PMID: 38511888 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
In women, breast cancer (BC) accounts for 7%-10% of all cancer cases and is one of the most common cancers. To identify a new method for treating BC, the role of CD93 and its underlying mechanism were explored. MDA-MB-231 cells were used in this study and transfected with si-CD93, si-MMRN2, oe-CD93, si-integrin β1, or oe-SP2 lentivirus. After MDA-MB-231 cells were transfected with si-NC or si-CD93, they were injected into nude mice by subcutaneous injection at a dose of 5 × 106/mouse to construct a BC animal model. The expression of genes and proteins and cell migration, invasion and vasculogenic mimicry were detected by RT‒qPCR, western blot, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, Transwell, and angiogenesis assays. In pathological samples and BC cell lines, CD93 was highly expressed. Functionally, CD93 promoted the proliferation, migration, and vasculogenic mimicry of MDA-MB-231 cells. Moreover, CD93 interacts with MMRN2 and integrin β1. Knockdown of CD93 and MMRN2 can inhibit the activation of integrin β1, thereby inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/SP2 signaling pathway and inhibiting BC growth and vasculogenic mimicry. In conclusion, the binding of CD93 to MMRN2 can activate integrin β1, thereby activating the PI3K/AKT/SP2 signaling pathway and subsequently promoting BC growth and vasculogenic mimicry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- Department of Thyroid & Breast Surgery, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Jianhui Zhang
- Department of Thyroid & Breast Surgery, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Yanjun Zhao
- Department of Thyroid & Breast Surgery, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhixiong Fan
- Department of Thyroid & Breast Surgery, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Yongheng Yang
- Department of Thyroid & Breast Surgery, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Mao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Jingyuan Yang
- Department of Thyroid & Breast Surgery, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Shungao Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Dali, Yunnan, China
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Qu J, Lin L, Fu G, Zheng M, Geng J, Sun X, Xing L. The analysis of multiple omics and examination of pathological images revealed the prognostic and therapeutic significances of CD93 in lung squamous cell carcinoma. Life Sci 2024; 339:122422. [PMID: 38224815 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
As a potent pro-angiogenic factor, the role of CD93 in the prognosis and therapeutic outcomes of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) merits exploration. In this study, we systematically collected transcriptomic, genomic, and clinical data from various public databases, as well as pathological images from hospital-operated patients. Employing statistical analysis software like R (Version 4.2.2) and GraphPad (Version 8.0), we conducted comprehensive analyses of multi-omics data. The results revealed elevated CD93 expression in LUSC tissues, closely associated with various cancer-related pathways. High CD93 expression indicated advanced clinical stage and poorer prognosis. Furthermore, CD93 contributed to resistance against chemotherapy and immunotherapy by enhancing tumor cell stemness, reducing immune cell infiltration, and inducing T cell exhaustion. Patients with low CD93 expression exhibited higher response rates to both chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Immunohistochemistry validated the significance of CD93 in LUSC. CD93 emerges as a biomarker signaling unfavorable prognosis and influencing therapeutic outcomes, suggesting a potential LUSC treatment avenue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Qu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Guangming Fu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Mei Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Jiaxiao Geng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaorong Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China.
| | - Ligang Xing
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China.
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Jiang Q, Kuai J, Jiang Z, Que W, Wang P, Huang W, Ding W, Zhong L. CD93 overexpresses in liver hepatocellular carcinoma and represents a potential immunotherapy target. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1158360. [PMID: 37483608 PMCID: PMC10359974 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1158360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) is one of the malignant tumors with high incidence as well as high death, which is ranked as the sixth most common tumor and the third highest mortality worldwide. CD93, a transmembrane protein, has been widely reported to play an important role in different types of diseases, including many types of cancer by mainly functioning in extracellular matrix formation and vascular maturation. However, there are few researches focusing on the role and potential function of CD93 in LIHC. Methods In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the relationship between CD93 and LIHC. We not only discovered transcriptional expression of CD93 in LIHC by using the TIMER, GEPIA and UALCAN database, but also performed WB and IHC to verify the protein expression of CD93 in LIHC. Meantime, Kaplan-Meier Plotter Database Analysis were used to assess the prognosis of CD93 in LIHC. After knowing close correlation between CD93 expression and LIHC, there were STRING, GeneMania and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses to find how CD93 functions in LIHC. We further applied CIBERSORT Algorithm to explore the correlation between CD93 and immune cells and evaluate prognostic value of CD93 based on them in LIHC patients. Results The transcriptional and protein expression of CD93 were both obviously increased in LIHC by above methods. There was also a significant and close correlation between the expression of CD93 and the prognosis of LIHC patients by using Kaplan-Meier Analysis, which showed that LIHC patients with elevated expression of CD93 were associated with a predicted poor prognosis. We found that the functions of CD93 in different cancers are mainly related to Insulin like growth factor binding protein 7 Gene (IGFBP7)/CD93 pathway via STRING, GeneMania and functional enrichment analyses. Further, our data obtained from CIBERSORT Algorithm suggested CD93 was also associated with the immune response. There is a close positive correlation between CD93 expression and the infiltration levels of all six types of immune cells (B cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells). Importantly, CD93 can affect the prognosis of patients with LIHC partially due to immune infiltration. Conclusion Our results demonstrated CD93 may be a candidate predictor of clinical prognosis and immunotherapy response in LIHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwei Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Kuai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Weifang People’s Hospital, Shandong, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Zhongyi Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weitao Que
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pusen Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenxin Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Weifang People’s Hospital, Shandong, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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