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Zhang WL, Zhu ZL, Huang MC, Tang YJ, Tang YL, Liang XH. Susceptibility of Multiple Primary Cancers in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer: Nature or Nurture? Front Oncol 2019; 9:1275. [PMID: 31824853 PMCID: PMC6882292 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple primary cancers (MPCs) are major obstacles to long-term survival in head and neck cancer (HNSCC), however, the molecular mechanism underlying multiple carcinogenesis remains unclear. “Field cancerization” is a classical theory to elaborate the malignant progression of MPCs. Apart from environmental and immune factors, genetic factors may have great potential as molecular markers for MPCs risk prediction. This review focuses on inherited and acquired gene mutations in MPCs, including germ-line mutation, single-nucleotide polymorphism, chromosomal instability, microsatellite instability and DNA methylation. And definition and prognosis of MPCs have also been discussed. These may pave the way for the early detection, prevention and effective treatment of MPCs in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Long Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuo-Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mei-Chang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya-Jie Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ya-Ling Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin-Hua Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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McLoughlin KC, Ripley RT. Looks aren't everything, but neither is microRNA profiling. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017; 154:728-729. [PMID: 28461055 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2017.03.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin C McLoughlin
- Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - R Taylor Ripley
- Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.
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Tan P, Xu H, Jiang Y, Yang L, Zou Y, Liu L, Liu N, Cao D, Fan Y, Li Q, Wei Q. Microsatellite analysis for differentiating the origin of renal angiomyolipoma and involved regional lymph node. Sci Rep 2017; 7:362. [PMID: 28336972 PMCID: PMC5428456 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00460-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal angiomyolipoma (AML) with the regional lymph node (LN) involved leads to a question of metastasis versus multicentric origin when their histology are similar. As the genomic instability is a common feature of cancer, we hypothesized that independently arising neoplasms in an individual patient would exhibit measurable genomic variation, facilitating the discrimination of tumor lineage and relatedness. Our study enrolled 12 patients who were diagnosed with nodal-involved renal AML at West China Hospital. Genomic DNA from kidney and lymph node lesion from individuals was analyzed through PCR-based analysis which using six microsatellite markers to identify discordant allelic variation. The results showed all 12 patients underwent surgical treatment and none suffered local recurrence or distant metastasis during the follow-up. Ten patients of the included cases showed a consistent trend that all corresponding to six microsatellite markers were detected in DNA from renal AMLs but were reduced or not observed in DNA from the paired LN. With this technique, a possible lineage relationship cannot be excluded between renal AMLs and LN. Thus when enlarged LN were found in images, active surveillance should be taken into consider; if enlarged LN were found intraoperatively, LN resection might be necessary to demonstrate their pathological nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Tan
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Xu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zou
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangren Liu
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Nian Liu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dehong Cao
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Fan
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyuan Li
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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Shen C, Wang X, Tian L, Zhou Y, Chen D, Du H, Wang W, Liu L, Che G. "Different trend" in multiple primary lung cancer and intrapulmonary metastasis. Eur J Med Res 2015; 20:17. [PMID: 25889108 PMCID: PMC4339418 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-015-0109-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The distinguishing of intrapulmonary metastatic tumors from multiple primary lung cancers is difficult but of great importance for the therapeutic management and prognosis of these patients. Methods We used genomic DNA analyzed by six microsatellites (D7S1824, D15S822, D2S1363, D10S1239, D6S1056, and D22S689) with PCR to identify discordant allelic variation from 12 patients. There are five patients with multiple primary lung cancers and seven patients who were diagnosed with intrapulmonary metastases from 850 patients with primary lung cancer in our hospital. The experiments were approved by the West China Hospital Ethics committee (No. 2013 (33)) and all patients agreed to participate in the study and signed an informed consent form. Results In the group of metachronous lung tumor, three of five patients have different histological types and one of five patients have the same histological type which showed “contradictory trend”. The other one showed “unique trend”. In the second group (intrapulmonary metastasis lung tumor), one patient showed “contradictory trend” and the others showed “unique trend”. Conclusions “Different trends” are useful in discrimination of intrapulmonary metastasis lung cancer and multiple primary lung cancer even diagnosed with the histopathological evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West-China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West-China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Long Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West-China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Yubin Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West-China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Dali Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West-China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Heng Du
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West-China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Weiya Wang
- Department of Pathology, West-China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Lunxu Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West-China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Guowei Che
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West-China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Shen C, Wang X, Tian L, Che G. Microsatellite alteration in multiple primary lung cancer. J Thorac Dis 2014; 6:1499-505. [PMID: 25364529 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2014.09.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Patients with pulmonary neoplasms have an increased risk for developing a second tumor of the lung, either at the same time or different times. It is important to determine if the second tumor represents an independent primary tumor or recurrence/metastasis, because it will significantly change the management and prognosis. Microsatellite instability (MSI) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) represents molecular disorders acquired by the cell during neoplastic transformation. Both are associated with genetic instability. Functional silencing of tumour suppressor genes may be the consequence of genomic instability, particularly of the globally occurring LOH phenomenon. Numerous studies have confirmed the role of MSI/LOH at both the early and the late stages of multiple primary lung cancer. This paper reviews the published literatures focused on the role of MSI/LOH significance in multiple primary lung cancer. Additionally, a new method based on the allelic variations at polymorphic microsatellite markers was offered that it does not rely on collection of normal tissue, performed with minimal tumor sample, and will complement clinical criteria for diagnostic discrimination between multiple primary cancers versus solitary metastatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West-China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West-China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Long Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West-China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guowei Che
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West-China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Unusual synchronous lung tumors: mucoepidermoid carcinoma and mucinous adenocarcinoma. Case Rep Oncol Med 2014; 2014:183617. [PMID: 24707420 PMCID: PMC3970349 DOI: 10.1155/2014/183617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary mucoepidermoid tumors of the lung are rare entities. Synchronous primary malignancies of the lung involving mucoepidermoid carcinoma and mucinous adenocarcinoma are even rarer and constitute a unique set of patient population. The presentation, diagnosis and treatment strategies for this patient population are not well described. In most cases, the diagnosis of synchronous primary lung malignancy is made after pathological examination of the resected lung specimen. Molecular and genetic analysis is now being used to supplement the diagnosis of synchronous primary lung malignancies. In this work, we briefly discuss the current state of knowledge of this unique combination of primary lung malignancies and describe the clinical presentation and management of a patient with a rare combination of synchronous primary lung malignancies.
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Machiels JP, Schmitz S. Management and palliative chemotherapy for metastatic or recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2014; 11:359-71. [DOI: 10.1586/era.10.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Shen C, Xu H, Liu L, Zhou Y, Chen D, Du H, Han Z, Che G. "Unique trend" and "contradictory trend" in discrimination of primary synchronous lung cancer and metastatic lung cancer. BMC Cancer 2013; 13:467. [PMID: 24106770 PMCID: PMC3852048 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Distinguishing between multiple primary lung cancers and metastatic tumors is often difficult when the tumor histology is same. Since genomic instability is a common feature of cancer, we hypothesized that independently arising neoplasms in an individual patient would exhibit measurable genomic variation, enabling discrimination of tumor lineage and relatedness. The feasibility of analyzing genomic instability expression profiles to distinguish multiple primary lung cancers from metastatic tumors was evaluated. Methods This study enrolled 13 patients, with multiple primary lung cancers demonstrating with the histology, who underwent surgery between April 2003 and December 2012 at the Department of the Thoracic Surgery at West China Hospital in Sichuan province of China and 10 patients who were diagnosed as metastasis disease during the same period for comparison purposes. Genomic DNA from lung cancers from individual patients was analyzed by six microsatellites (D2S1363, D6S1056, D7S1824, D10S1239, D15S822, and D22S689) with PCR to identify discordant allelic variation. The experiments were approved by the West China Hospital Ethics committee (No.2013 (33)) and all patients agreed to participate in the study and signed an informed consent form. Results All of the 10 patients with distant metastasis showed a consistent consequence that we called “unique trend” between primary tumor and distant metastasis. The “trend” is representive in this study, which means that all alleles corresponding to six microsatellite markers were detected in DNA from primary tumors but were reduced or not observed in DNA from metastatic tumors. In the group of synchronous lung tumor with different histological types, the result showed a “contradictory trend”. Some alleles were detected in DNA from primary tumors but were reduced or not observed in DNA from metastatic tumors and other alleles corresponding to six microsatellite markers were detected in DNA from metastatic tumors but were reduced or not observed in DNA from primary tumors. In the third group (synchronous lung tumor with same histological types), 2 of 8 patients showed “unique trend” and the others showed “contradictory trend”. Conclusions With polymorphic microsatellite markers, the “unique trend” that represents metastasis cancers and the “contradictory trend” that represents primary multiple tumors are useful in the diagnosis between tumors found at the same time in the pulmonary even diagnosed with the histopathological evaluation from a single patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, West-China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Field cancerization in mammary carcinogenesis — Implications for prevention and treatment of breast cancer. Exp Mol Pathol 2012; 93:391-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2012.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/20/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Searching for metachronous tumours in patients with head and neck cancer: the ideal protocol! Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2010; 18:124-33. [PMID: 20234214 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0b013e3283374ccf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW As treatment changes in the management of head and neck cancer, patients are reportedly living longer; therefore, their death may be due to comorbidity, metastatic disease or the development of a metachronous second primary tumour (MSPT). This review describes recent developments in the identification of MSPTs of head and neck cancer, oesophagus and lung, and suggests/recommends an 'ideal surveillance protocol'. RECENT FINDINGS The rate of MSPT development ranges between 6 and 9% annually for life. Improved accuracy in the detection of mucosal asymptomatic premalignant and early cancer has been enhanced by incorporating fluorescence spectroscopy in addition to modern flexible endoscopic techniques in the outpatient setting. Newer imaging has replaced old techniques (chest radiograph, barium swallow, etc.) by using radiotracer PET-computed tomography to detect local tumour activity. Further advances are anticipated in optical diagnostics and the incorporation of radiopharmaceuticals with labelled antibodies to enhance PET imaging, thus making tumour identification more accurate. Genetic classification of head and neck cancer has already identified high-risk patient groups, thereby allowing expensive tumour screening techniques to be used selectively and specifically. Patients who continue to smoke and abuse alcohol must be helped and encouraged to quit. SUMMARY It is now possible to review traditional follow-up policy for treated head and neck cancer patients, to encourage the implementation of an evidence-based surveillance protocol, to identify only patients who are at high-risk of developing a MSPT, to incorporate modern targeted expensive tumour screening and to allow treatment of early cancer and effective treatment, thereby improving patients' quality of life and increasing survival.
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2010; 18:134-45. [PMID: 20234215 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0b013e3283383ef9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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