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Roy R, Man E, Aldakhlallah R, Gonzalez K, Merritt L, Daisy C, Lombardo M, Yordanova V, Sun L, Isaac B, Rockowitz S, Lotz M, Pories S, Moses MA. Mammary adipocytes promote breast tumor cell invasion and angiogenesis in the context of menopause and obesity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167325. [PMID: 38925485 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The mechanism(s) underlying obesity-related postmenopausal (PM) breast cancer (BC) are not clearly understood. We hypothesized that the increased local presence of 'obese' mammary adipocytes within the BC microenvironment promotes the acquisition of an invasive and angiogenic BC cell phenotype and accelerates tumor proliferation and progression. BC cells, treated with primary mammary adipocyte secretome from premenopausal (Pre-M) and PM obese women (ObAdCM; obese adipocyte conditioned-media) upregulated the expression of several pro-tumorigenic factors including VEGF, lipocalin-2 and IL-6. Both Pre-M and PM ObAdCM stimulated endothelial cell recruitment and proliferation and significantly stimulated BC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. IL-6 and LCN2 induced STAT3/Akt signaling in BC cells and STAT3 inhibition abrogated the ObAdCM-stimulated BC cell proliferation and migration. Expression of proangiogenic regulators including VEGF, NRP1, NRP2, IL8RB, TGFβ2, and TSP-1 were found to be differentially regulated in mammary adipocytes from obese PM women. Comparative RNAseq indicated an upregulation of PI3K/Akt signaling, ECM-receptor interactions and lipid/fatty acid metabolism in PM versus Pre-M mammary adipocytes. Our results demonstrate that irrespective of menopausal status, cross-talk between obese mammary adipocytes and BC cells promotes tumor aggressiveness and suggest that targeting the LCN2/IL-6/STAT3 signaling axis may be a useful strategy in obesity-driven breast tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roopali Roy
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Emily Man
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rama Aldakhlallah
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Lauren Merritt
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cassandra Daisy
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Lombardo
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Liang Sun
- Research Computing and Information Technology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Biju Isaac
- Research Computing and Information Technology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shira Rockowitz
- Research Computing and Information Technology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, USA; The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Margaret Lotz
- Hoffman Breast Center, Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Susan Pories
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Hoffman Breast Center, Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Marsha A Moses
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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Lai J, Deng S, Cao J, Ren Y, Xu Z, Qi X, Xu M, Liao N. Identification of biomarker associated with Trop2 in breast cancer: implication for targeted therapy. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:413. [PMID: 39240479 PMCID: PMC11379678 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01261-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Trop2, a cell membrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed in almost all epithelial cancers. This study aimed to explore the mutational characteristics and significance of Trop2 in breast cancer (BC). METHODS Patients diagnosed with BC (n = 77) were enrolled to investigate expression level and clinical characteristics of Trop2. Database of cBioPortal and Kaplan-Meier Plotter were used to evaluate the effects of Trop2 (TACSTD2) genomic ateration and mRNA expression levels on disease-free survival (DFS) and relapse-free survival (RFS), respectively. Based on next generation sequencing analysis, the Trop2 mutation characteristics of BC patients were deeply depicted. In addition, Trop2 expression, mutation and methylation signature associated with Trop2 mutations were analyzed. RESULTS Trop2 mutation and high expression of Trop2 were predictive biomarker for shorter DFS and RFS in BC. The positive rate of Trop2 expression in these 77 BC patients was 96.1% (74/77). Based on the Trop2 expression level, the patients were classified into Trop2 negative group, medium expression group and high expression group. The mutation frequencies of MAP3K1, NOTCH2, PTEN and MAGI2 were significantly higher in Trop2 medium expression group than high expression group. Moreover, we investigated the effect of the Trop2 mutations on other genes, including co-expressed genes, differentially mutated genes, differentially expressed genes, gene methylation and phosphorylation. We found that MED8, DPH2, KDM4A, EBNA1BP2, USP1, IPO13, CGAS, PRKAA2, NCOA7, ASCC3 and ABRACL were differentially expressed, mutated and methylated between Trop2 mutation group and wild group. CONCLUSION MAP3K1, NOTCH2, PTEN and MAGI2 mutations were significantly different between Trop2 medium expression and Trop2 high expression BC patients. The effects of Trop2 mutation on the expression, variation, methylation, and phosphorylation of other genes were comprehensively revealed. High expression level of Trop2 and Trop2 mutation were predictive biomarker for poor prognosis and targeted therapy in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Lai
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuxuan Deng
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiyuan Cao
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongqi Ren
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zanmei Xu
- Medical Department, Shanghai OrigiMed Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofang Qi
- Medical Department, Shanghai OrigiMed Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Mian Xu
- Medical Department, Shanghai OrigiMed Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Liao
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Rossi V, Turati A, Rosato A, Carpanese D. Sacituzumab govitecan in triple-negative breast cancer: from bench to bedside, and back. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1447280. [PMID: 39211043 PMCID: PMC11357913 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1447280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents a major therapeutic challenge due to its heterogeneous and aggressive phenotype, and limited target-specific treatment options. The trophoblast cell surface antigen (Trop-2), a transmembrane glycoprotein overexpressed in various cancers, has emerged as a promising target for TNBC. Sacituzumab govitecan (SG), an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) that targets Trop-2, has recently entered treatment algorithms for advanced and metastatic TNBC, independently from Trop-2 expression status, with manageable toxicity. Despite the impressive results, questions remain unsolved regarding its efficacy, safety profile, and Trop-2 biological role in cancer. Currently, Trop-2 cannot be designated as a predictive biomarker in SG treatment, albeit its expression correlates with disease outcome, yet its levels are not uniform across all TNBCs. Additionally, data regarding Trop-2 expression variations in primary and metastatic sites, and its interplay with other biomarkers are still ambiguous but mandatory in light of future applications of SG in other indications and settings. This poses the questions of a careful evaluation of the efficacy and toxicity profile of SG in such early stages of disease, and in personalized and combinatorial strategies. Research and clinical data are mandatory to address SG drawbacks and minimize its benefits, to realize its full potential as therapeutic agent in different epithelial tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Rossi
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology (IOV)-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Turati
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology (IOV)-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Rosato
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology (IOV)-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Debora Carpanese
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology (IOV)-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
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4
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Tolaney SM, DeMichele A, Takano T, Rugo HS, Perou C, Lynce F, Parsons HA, Santa-Maria CA, Rocque GB, Yao W, Sun SW, Mocci S, Partridge AH, Carey LA. OptimICE-RD: sacituzumab govitecan + pembrolizumab vs pembrolizumab (± capecitabine) for residual triple-negative breast cancer. Future Oncol 2024:1-21. [PMID: 38922307 DOI: 10.1080/14796694.2024.2357534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) with residual invasive disease after neoadjuvant therapy have a high risk of recurrence even with neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment with pembrolizumab. Sacituzumab govitecan, a Trop-2-directed antibody-drug conjugate with a topoisomerase I inhibitor payload, improved progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) versus chemotherapy in patients with pre-treated metastatic TNBC. Moreover, preclinical data suggest that topoisomerase I inhibitors may enhance the effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors through activation of the cGAS-STING pathway. Here we describe the international randomized phase III AFT-65/ASCENT-05/OptimICE-RD trial, which evaluates the efficacy and safety of sacituzumab govitecan plus pembrolizumab versus treatment of physician's choice (pembrolizumab ± capecitabine) among patients with early-stage TNBC with residual invasive disease after neoadjuvant therapy.Clinical Trial Registration: NCT05633654 (ClinicalTrials.gov)Other Study ID Number(s): Gilead Study ID: GS-US-595-6184Registration date: 1 December 2022Study start date: 12 December 2022Recruitment status: Recruiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Tolaney
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215,USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Angela DeMichele
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Toshimi Takano
- The Cancer Institute Hospital of JFCR, Koto City, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Hope S Rugo
- University of California Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Charles Perou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Filipa Lynce
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215,USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Heather Anne Parsons
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215,USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | | | - Wenliang Yao
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA 94404, USA
| | - Shawn W Sun
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA 94404, USA
| | | | - Ann H Partridge
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215,USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lisa A Carey
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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5
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Gion M, García-Mosquera JJ, Pérez-García JM, Peg V, Ruiz-Borrego M, Stradella A, Bermejo B, Guerrero JA, López-Montero L, Mancino M, Rodríguez-Morató J, Antonarelli G, Sampayo-Cordero M, Llombart-Cussac A, Cortés J. Correlation between trophoblast cell-surface antigen-2 (Trop-2) expression and pathological complete response in patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant docetaxel, carboplatin, trastuzumab, and pertuzumab. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024; 205:589-598. [PMID: 38456970 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-024-07292-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The prognostic and predictive role of trophoblast cell-surface antigen-2 (Trop-2) overexpression in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2-positive) breast cancer is currently unknown. We retrospectively analyzed Trop-2 expression and its correlation with clinicopathologic features and pathological complete response (pCR) in HER2-positive early breast cancer (EBC) patients treated with neoadjuvant docetaxel, carboplatin, trastuzumab, and pertuzumab in the PHERGain study. METHODS Trop-2 expression at baseline was determined in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded primary tumor biopsies by immunohistochemistry and was first classified into expressing (Trop-2-positive) or not-expressing (Trop-2-negative) tumors. Then, it was classified by histochemical score (H-score) according to its intensity into low (0-9), intermediate (10-49), and high (≥ 50). The association between clinicopathologic features, pCR, and Trop-2 expression was performed with Fisher's exact test. RESULTS Forty-one patients with tissue evaluable for Trop-2 expression were included, with 28 (68.3%) Trop-2-positive tumors. Overall, 17 (41.46%), 14 (34.15%), and 10 (24.40%) tumors were classified as low, intermediate, and high, respectively. Trop-2 expression was significantly associated with decreased pCR rates (50.0% vs. 92.3%; odds ratio [OR] 0.05; 95% CI, 0.002-0.360]; p adjusted = 0.01) but was not correlated with any clinicopathologic features (p ≥ 0.05). Tumors with the highest Trop-2 H-score were less likely to obtain a pCR (OR 0.03; 95% CI, 0.001-0.290, p adjusted < 0.01). This association was confirmed in univariate and multivariate regression analyses. CONCLUSION These findings suggest a potential role of Trop-2 expression as a biomarker of resistance to neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus dual HER2 blockade and may become a strategic target for future combinations in HER2-positive EBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Gion
- Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan José García-Mosquera
- Dr. Rosell Oncology Institute (IOR), Dexeus University Hospital, Quironsalud Group, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Manuel Pérez-García
- International Breast Cancer Center (IBCC), Pangaea Oncology, Quiron Group, Barcelona, Spain
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research (MEDSIR), Barcelona, Spain
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research (MEDSIR), Ridgewood, NJ, USA
| | - Vicente Peg
- Department of Pathology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Network Centre in Oncology (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Agostina Stradella
- Institut Català d'Oncologia L'Hospitalet, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Begoña Bermejo
- Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Antonio Guerrero
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research (MEDSIR), Barcelona, Spain
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research (MEDSIR), Ridgewood, NJ, USA
| | - Laura López-Montero
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research (MEDSIR), Barcelona, Spain
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research (MEDSIR), Ridgewood, NJ, USA
| | - Mario Mancino
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research (MEDSIR), Barcelona, Spain
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research (MEDSIR), Ridgewood, NJ, USA
| | - José Rodríguez-Morató
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research (MEDSIR), Barcelona, Spain
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research (MEDSIR), Ridgewood, NJ, USA
| | - Gabriele Antonarelli
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology (DIPO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Miguel Sampayo-Cordero
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research (MEDSIR), Barcelona, Spain
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research (MEDSIR), Ridgewood, NJ, USA
| | - Antonio Llombart-Cussac
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research (MEDSIR), Barcelona, Spain.
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research (MEDSIR), Ridgewood, NJ, USA.
- Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Valencia, Spain.
- Universidad Católica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Javier Cortés
- International Breast Cancer Center (IBCC), Pangaea Oncology, Quiron Group, Barcelona, Spain.
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research (MEDSIR), Barcelona, Spain.
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research (MEDSIR), Ridgewood, NJ, USA.
- Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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6
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Somboonpatarakun C, Phanthaphol N, Suwanchiwasiri K, Ramwarungkura B, Yuti P, Poungvarin N, Thuwajit P, Junking M, Yenchitsomanus PT. Cytotoxicity of fourth-generation anti-Trop2 CAR-T cells against breast cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 129:111631. [PMID: 38359664 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The treatment of breast cancer (BC) remains a formidable challenge due to the emergence of drug resistance, necessitating the exploration of innovative strategies. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, a groundbreaking approach in hematologic malignancies, is actively under investigation for its potential application in solid tumors, including BC. Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (Trop2) has emerged as a promising immunotherapeutic target in various cancers and is notably overexpressed in BC. To enhance therapeutic efficacy in BC, a fourth-generation CAR (CAR4) construct was developed. This CAR4 design incorporates an anti-Trop2 single-chain variable fragment (scFv) fused with three costimulatory domains -CD28/4-1BB/CD27, and CD3ζ. Comparative analysis with the conventional second-generation CAR (CAR2; 28ζ) revealed that anti-Trop2 CAR4 T cells exhibited heightened cytotoxicity and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) production against Trop2-expressing MCF-7 cells. Notably, anti-Trop2 CAR4-T cells demonstrated superior long-term cytotoxic functionality and proliferative capacity. Crucially, anti-Trop2 CAR4-T cells displayed specific cytotoxicity against Trop2-positive BC cells (MDA-MB-231, HCC70, and MCF-7) in both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) culture systems. Following antigen-specific killing, these cells markedly secreted interleukin-2 (IL-2), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IFN-γ, and Granzyme B compared to non-transduced T cells. This study highlights the therapeutic potential of anti-Trop2 CAR4-T cells in adoptive T cell therapy for BC, offering significant promise for the advancement of BC treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chalermchai Somboonpatarakun
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Nattaporn Phanthaphol
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Science, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK
| | - Kwanpirom Suwanchiwasiri
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Multidisciplinary Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Boonyanuch Ramwarungkura
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Pornpimon Yuti
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Naravat Poungvarin
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Peti Thuwajit
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Mutita Junking
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| | - Pa-Thai Yenchitsomanus
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
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7
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Bardia A, Jhaveri K, Kalinsky K, Pernas S, Tsurutani J, Xu B, Hamilton E, Im SA, Nowecki Z, Sohn J, Laurentiis MD, Jañez NM, Adamo B, Lee KS, Jung KH, Rubovszky G, Tseng LM, Lu YS, Yuan Y, Maxwell MJ, Haddad V, Khan SS, Rugo HS, Pistilli B. TROPION-Breast01: Datopotamab deruxtecan vs chemotherapy in pre-treated inoperable or metastatic HR+/HER2- breast cancer. Future Oncol 2024; 20:423-436. [PMID: 37387213 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2023-0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Improving the prognosis for patients with metastatic HR+/HER2- breast cancer remains an unmet need. Patients with tumors that have progressed on endocrine therapy and/or are not eligible for endocrine therapy had limited treatment options beyond chemotherapy. Antibody-drug conjugates are a novel and promising treatment class in this setting. Datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd) consists of a TROP2-directed humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody attached via a serum-stable cleavable linker to a topoisomerase I inhibitor payload. TROPION-Breast01 is an ongoing phase III study that is evaluating the efficacy and safety of Dato-DXd compared with investigator's choice of standard-of-care chemotherapy in patients with inoperable or metastatic HR+/HER2- breast cancer who have received one or two prior lines of systemic chemotherapy in the inoperable or metastatic setting. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT05104866 (ClinicalTrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Bardia
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Komal Jhaveri
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kevin Kalinsky
- Winship Cancer Institute at Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sonia Pernas
- Institut Català d'Oncologia, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Binghe Xu
- National Cancer Center / National Clinical Research Center for Cancer / Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Erika Hamilton
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute / Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Seock-Ah Im
- Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Zbigniew Nowecki
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joohyuk Sohn
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Noelia Martínez Jañez
- Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Barbara Adamo
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Keun Seok Lee
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hae Jung
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ling-Ming Tseng
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Shen Lu
- National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Formerly City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA; Currently: Cedars-Sinai Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Hope S Rugo
- University of California San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
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8
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Mertens RB, Makhoul EP, Li X, Dadmanesh F. Comparative expression of trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP2) in the different molecular subtypes of invasive breast carcinoma: An immunohistochemical study of 94 therapy-naive primary breast tumors. Ann Diagn Pathol 2024; 68:152226. [PMID: 37995412 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2023.152226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sacituzumab govitecan, targeting trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP2), is approved for the treatment of triple-negative and hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative breast cancers. However, detailed studies comparing TROP2 protein expression in the different molecular subtypes of breast cancer are limited, and definitive evidence supporting the use of TROP2 as a biomarker for predicting response to this agent in patients with breast cancer is currently lacking. OBJECTIVE To compare the expression of TROP2 in the different molecular subtypes of breast cancer. METHODS Immunohistochemical staining for TROP2 was performed on 94 therapy-naive primary invasive breast carcinomas, including 25 luminal A-like, 25 luminal B-like, 19 HER2-like, and 25 triple-negative tumors. RESULTS Intermediate to high levels of TROP2 expression were observed in the majority of carcinomas of each molecular subtype, with a wide range of expression in each subtype. Occasional tumors with low or absent TROP2 expression were encountered, including two metaplastic carcinomas which were completely negative for TROP2. CONCLUSIONS Our observations support the continued investigation of the efficacy of sacituzumab govitecan in all molecular subtypes of breast carcinoma. Furthermore, the observed wide range of expression of TROP2 suggests that TROP2 may have potential utility as a biomarker for predicting responsiveness to sacituzumab govitecan. If this proves to be the case, then immunohistochemical staining for TROP2 would be critical for identifying those patients whose tumors are completely negative for TROP2, since these patients may be least likely or unlikely to respond to this agent, and alternative therapies may be more appropriate in such instances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B Mertens
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
| | - Elias P Makhoul
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Xiaomo Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Farnaz Dadmanesh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
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9
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Liang Y, Zhang P, Li F, Lai H, Qi T, Wang Y. Advances in the study of marketed antibody-drug Conjugates (ADCs) for the treatment of breast cancer. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1332539. [PMID: 38352694 PMCID: PMC10862125 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1332539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer continues to have a high incidence rate among female malignancies. Despite significant advancements in treatment modalities, the heterogeneous nature of breast cancer and its resistance to various therapeutic approaches pose considerable challenges. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) effectively merge the specificity of antibodies with the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents, offering a novel strategy for precision treatment of breast cancer. Notably, trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) has provided a new therapeutic option for HER2-positive breast cancer patients globally, especially those resistant to conventional treatments. The development of trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) and sacituzumab govitecan (SG) has further broadened the applicability of ADCs in breast cancer therapy, presenting new hopes for patients with low HER2 expression and triple-negative breast cancer. However, the application of ADCs presents certain challenges. For instance, their treatment may lead to adverse reactions such as interstitial lung disease, thrombocytopenia, and diarrhea. Moreover, prolonged treatment could result in ADCs resistance, complicating the therapeutic process. Economically, the high costs of ADCs might hinder their accessibility in low-income regions. This article reviews the structure, mechanism of action, and clinical trials of commercially available ADCs for breast cancer treatment, with a focus on the clinical trials of the three drugs, aiming to provide insights for clinical applications and future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liang
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Cancer Hospital Affiliate University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Purong Zhang
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Cancer Hospital Affiliate University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Li
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Cancer Hospital Affiliate University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Houyun Lai
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Cancer Hospital Affiliate University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Qi
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Cancer Hospital Affiliate University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Yixin Wang
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Cancer Hospital Affiliate University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
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10
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Lombardi P, Filetti M, Falcone R, Altamura V, Paroni Sterbini F, Bria E, Fabi A, Giannarelli D, Scambia G, Daniele G. Overview of Trop-2 in Cancer: From Pre-Clinical Studies to Future Directions in Clinical Settings. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061744. [PMID: 36980630 PMCID: PMC10046386 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Trophoblast cell surface antigen-2 (Trop-2) is a glycoprotein that was first described as a membrane marker of trophoblast cells and was associated with regenerative abilities. Trop-2 overexpression was also described in several tumour types. Nevertheless, the therapeutic potential of Trop-2 was widely recognized and clinical studies with drug–antibody conjugates have been initiated in various cancer types. Recently, these efforts have been rewarded with the approval of sacituzumab govitecan from both the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA), for metastatic triple-negative breast cancer patients. In our work, we briefly summarize the various characteristics of cancer cells overexpressing Trop-2, the pre-clinical activities of specific inhibitors, and the role of anti-Trop-2 therapy in current clinical practice. We also review the ongoing clinical trials to provide a snapshot of the future developments of these therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Lombardi
- Phase 1 Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Filetti
- Phase 1 Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Rosa Falcone
- Phase 1 Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Altamura
- Phase 1 Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Emilio Bria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Universitá Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fabi
- Precision Medicine in Senology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Diana Giannarelli
- Facility of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Scientific Directorate, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Gennaro Daniele
- Phase 1 Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-3015-3446
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11
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Al Jarroudi O, El Bairi K, Curigliano G, Afqir S. Antibody-Drug Conjugates: A New Therapeutic Approach for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancer Treat Res 2023; 188:1-27. [PMID: 38175340 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-33602-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive breast cancer subset associated with a worse prognosis and poor response to conventional chemotherapy. Despite recent advances in drug discovery, its management is still a challenge for clinicians, illuminating the unmet need to develop novel treatment approaches. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) are innovative oncology drugs that combine the specificity of monoclonal antibodies and the high efficacy of anticancer payloads, to deliver cytotoxic drugs selectively to cancer cells. Various ADCs were investigated for TNBC and have provided a promise for this aggressive women's cancer including the FDA-approved sacituzumab govitecan. In this chapter, we reviewed different ADCs studied for TNBC including their mechanisms of action, efficacy, and tolerability. Moreover, we have also discussed their therapeutic potential based on combinatorial approaches with other targeted therapies in early and metastatic TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouissam Al Jarroudi
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed Ist University, Oujda, Morocco.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Oujda, Morocco.
| | - Khalid El Bairi
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed Ist University, Oujda, Morocco
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Giuseppe Curigliano
- European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Said Afqir
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed Ist University, Oujda, Morocco
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Oujda, Morocco
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12
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Jeong JH, Kim SB. Antibody-drug conjugates targeting Trop-2: Clinical developments in early breast cancer therapy. Breast 2022; 66:199-203. [PMID: 36327625 PMCID: PMC9634352 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2022.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although breast cancer has a good prognosis compared with various cancers, metastatic breast cancer has an aggressive disease course and remains incurable. Therefore, treatment of early breast cancer to prevent recurrence and metastasis is crucial. Recently, the development of anti-cancer drugs, such as targeted agents and immuno-oncology, has been accelerating. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are also building a new paradigm. Particularly, ADCs targeting Trop-2 were approved for their efficacy in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer patients who received ≥2 prior systemic therapies and showed significant results in heavily pretreated hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer. In this brief review, we provide an overview of ongoing clinical trials of ADCs targeting Trop-2 in early breast cancer, specifically sacituzumab govitecan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Ho Jeong
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Bae Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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13
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Sakach E, Sacks R, Kalinsky K. Trop-2 as a Therapeutic Target in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5936. [PMID: 36497418 PMCID: PMC9735829 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of Trop-2 as a therapeutic target has given rise to new treatment paradigms for the treatment of patients with advanced and metastatic breast cancer. Trop-2 is most highly expressed in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), but the receptor is found across all breast cancer subtypes. With sacituzumab govitecan, the first FDA-approved, Trop-2 inhibitor, providing a survival benefit in patients with both metastatic TNBC and hormone receptor positive breast cancer, additional Trop-2 directed therapies are under investigation. Ongoing studies of combination regimens with immunotherapy, PARP inhibitors, and other targeted agents aim to further harness the effect of Trop-2 inhibition. Current investigations are also underway in the neoadjuvant and adjuvant setting to evaluate the therapeutic benefit of Trop-2 inhibition in patients with early stage disease. This review highlights the significant impact the discovery Trop-2 has had on our patients with heavily pretreated breast cancer, for whom few treatment options exist, and the future direction of novel Trop-2 targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Sakach
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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14
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Jeon Y, Jo U, Hong J, Gong G, Lee HJ. Trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP2) expression in triple-negative breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1014. [PMID: 36153494 PMCID: PMC9509625 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10076-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP2) is related to tumor proliferation enhancement and poor prognosis. An antibody targeting TROP2 was developed to treat metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) which has a limited treatment modality. To characterize the TROP2 expressing tumors in TNBC, we analyzed TROP2 expression in three cohorts; (1) primary tumor without neoadjuvant chemotherapy, (2) primary tumor with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and (3) metastatic tumor. Methods A total of 807 TNBC cases were evaluated for TROP2 immunohistochemical expression. We evaluated the TROP2 H-score distribution in the three cohorts. Tumors were divided into two groups based on TROP2 expression (high vs. low). We analyzed the relationship between clinicopathologic features and markers, including epidermal growth factor receptor, cytokeratin 5/6, p53, and Ki-67, and prognostic significance at high vs. low TROP2 expression. Results There was no difference in TROP2 H-score distribution between the three cohorts. Moderate-to-strong membranous expression of TROP2 in at least 10% of tumor cells was present in 662 cases (82.0%) in Cohort 1, 59 cases (89.4%) in Cohort 2, and 23 cases (88.5%) in Cohort 3. There was no significant difference in clinicopathologic features between high vs. low TROP2 in all cohorts. TROP2 H-score was an independent poor prognostic factor for overall survival in Cohort 3. Conclusions TNBC showed similar TROP2 expression regardless of neoadjuvant treatment or primary tumor/metastasis. Although the prognostic significance of TROP2 expression in metastatic TNBC has been revealed, further evaluation of the predictive value of TROP2 expression for targeted therapy is needed. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-10076-7.
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15
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Furlanetto J, Marmé F, Loibl S. Sacituzumab govitecan: past, present and future of a new antibody-drug conjugate and future horizon. Future Oncol 2022; 18:3199-3215. [PMID: 36069628 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2022-0407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sacituzumab govitecan (SG) is a new antibody-drug conjugate directed against the cell-surface antigen Trop-2. Characteristics of the linker connecting the payload SN-38 to the antibody allows SG to kill tumor cells expressing Trop-2 and also the adjacent tumor cells (bystander effect). SG showed efficacy and safety in several epithelial tumors. The phase III ASCENT trial led to the approval of SG (10 mg/kg, d1,8 q3w) in patients with advanced or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) who have received ≥2 prior systemic therapies, including ≥1 for metastatic disease. The phase III TROPiCS-02 trial in heavily pretreated advanced hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer has recently shown an improvement in progression-free survival for patients treated with SG compared to single-agent chemotherapy. The phase III post-neoadjuvant SASCIA study in early high-risk TNBC and HR-positive breast cancer is currently recruiting patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frederik Marmé
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Universitätsfrauenklinik, Mannheim, 68167, Germany
| | - Sibylle Loibl
- German Breast Group, Neu-Isenburg, 63263, Germany.,Centre for Haematology & Oncology, Bethanien, Frankfurt/M, 60389, Germany
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16
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Sacituzumab Govitecan-hziy in Breast Cancer. Am J Clin Oncol 2022; 45:279-285. [PMID: 35728046 DOI: 10.1097/coc.0000000000000919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Trophoblast cell-surface antigen-2 (Trop-2) is a transmembrane calcium signal transducer and its overexpression is common in many types of malignant epithelial tumors, including breast cancer (BC). Sacituzumab govitecan-hziy (SG), the anti-Trop-2 antibody-drug conjugate, resulted in a significant survival benefit over chemotherapy in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC). The greatest efficacy was observed in those who had a medium or high Trop-2 score. However, the importance of Trop-2 as a potential predictive factor requires further research. Elderly patients also appear to benefit from treating with SG. While the early results are encouraging, the ultimate benefit of SG in patients with brain metastases has yet to be determined. Early phase studies have shown that SG is also active in hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR+/HER2-) metastatic BC. The most common side effects of SG are nausea, neutropenia and diarrhea. Currently, several clinical trials are in progress with SG in monotherapy and in combination treatment for various types of BC. Taken together, SG should be considered as a new standard of care in patients with pretreated mTNBC. This review summarizes the development and highlights recent advances of the SG in BC.
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17
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Marhold M. Current state of clinical development of TROP2-directed antibody–drug conjugates for triple-negative breast cancer. MEMO - MAGAZINE OF EUROPEAN MEDICAL ONCOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12254-021-00781-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
SummaryAntibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) against numerous molecular targets are currently being developed for the treatment of breast cancer (BCa). While the first ADC directed against Her2, namely trastuzumab–emtansine, was approved several years ago, targeting of TROP‑2, an epithelial cell marker overexpressed in approximately 80% of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) has gained interest through positive clinical data reported for the compound sacituzumab–govitecan (SG) resulting from the phase 3 ASCENT trial. This short review summarizes the data that led to approval of SG and to take a closer look at the state of clinical development of other ADCs targeting TROP‑2 in TNBC.
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18
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The European Medicines Agency review of sacituzumab govitecan for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer. ESMO Open 2022; 7:100497. [PMID: 35642987 PMCID: PMC9149193 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sacituzumab govitecan (SG) is an antineoplastic agent which combines a humanized monoclonal antibody binding to trophoblast cell surface antigen-2 (Trop-2)-expressing cancer cells, linked with cytotoxic moiety SN-38 (govitecan) with topoisomerase I inhibitor action. On 22 November 2021, a marketing authorization valid through the European Union (EU) was issued under the European Medicines Agency (EMA)’s accelerated assessment program for SG as monotherapy for the treatment of adult patients with unresectable or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) who have received two or more prior systemic therapies, including at least one of them for advanced disease. The assessment was based on results from an open-label, randomized, phase III trial to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and efficacy of SG versus treatment of physician’s choice (TPC) in patients with mTNBC who received at least two prior treatments including at least one of them for advanced disease. The efficacy results in the overall population, based on mature data, showed a statistically significant improvement of SG over TPC in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The median PFS was 4.8 months versus 1.7 months [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.43, n = 529; 95% CI 0.35-0.54; P < 0.0001] and the median OS was 11.8 months versus 6.9 months (HR = 0.51, n = 529; 95% CI 0.41-0.62; P < 0.0001). The most common (>30%) side effects of SG were diarrhea, neutropenia, nausea, fatigue, alopecia, anemia, constipation and vomiting. The aim of this manuscript is to summarize the scientific review of the application leading to regulatory approval in the EU. Trodelvy (SG) received a marketing authorization valid throughout the EU on 22 November 2021. SG is indicated for adults with unresectable or metastatic TBNC. SG is an antibody–drug conjugate considered a first-in-class medicine. SG prolonged OS and PFS ∼5 and 3 months, respectively, when compared to TPC. The most common serious side effects are febrile neutropenia and diarrhea.
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19
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Xie X, Lee J, Iwase T, Kai M, Ueno NT. Emerging drug targets for triple-negative breast cancer: A guided tour of the preclinical landscape. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:405-425. [PMID: 35574694 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2077188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most fatal molecular subtype of breast cancer because of its aggressiveness and resistance to chemotherapy. FDA-approved therapies for TNBC are limited to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and trophoblast cell surface antigen 2-targeted antibody-drug conjugate. Therefore, developing a novel effective targeted therapy for TNBC is an urgent unmet need. AREAS COVERED In this narrative review, we discuss emerging targets for TNBC treatment discovered in early translational studies. We focus on cancer cell membrane molecules, hyperactive intracellular signaling pathways, and the tumor microenvironment (TME) based on their druggability, therapeutic potency, specificity to TNBC, and application in immunotherapy. EXPERT OPINION The significant challenges in the identification and validation of TNBC-associated targets are 1) application of appropriate genetic, molecular, and immunological approaches for modulating the target, 2) establishment of a proper mouse model that accurately represents the human immune TME, 3) TNBC molecular heterogeneity, and 4) failure translation of preclinical findings to clinical practice. To overcome those difficulties, future research needs to apply novel technology, such as single-cell RNA sequencing, thermostable group II intron reverse transcriptase sequencing, and humanized mouse models. Further, combination treatment targeting multiple pathways in both the TNBC tumor and its TME is essential for effective disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Xie
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jangsoon Lee
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Toshiaki Iwase
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Megumi Kai
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Naoto T Ueno
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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20
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Okajima D, Yasuda S, Maejima T, Karibe T, Sakurai K, Aida T, Toki T, Yamaguchi J, Kitamura M, Kamei R, Fujitani T, Honda T, Shibutani T, Muramatsu S, Nakada T, Goto R, Takahashi S, Yamaguchi M, Hamada H, Noguchi Y, Murakami M, Abe Y, Agatsuma T. Datopotamab Deruxtecan, a Novel TROP2-directed Antibody-drug Conjugate, Demonstrates Potent Antitumor Activity by Efficient Drug Delivery to Tumor Cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:2329-2340. [PMID: 34413126 PMCID: PMC9398094 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2) is highly expressed on various epithelial tumors and correlates with poor prognosis. We developed the novel TROP2-directed antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd, DS-1062a), with a potent DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor (DXd), and evaluated its antitumor activity and safety profiles in preclinical models.The pharmacologic activity and mechanism of action of Dato-DXd were investigated in several human cancer cell lines and xenograft mouse models including patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Safety profiles were also assessed in rats and cynomolgus monkeys.Dato-DXd bound specifically to TROP2 and was internalized into tumor cells followed by intracellular trafficking to lysosome and DXd release, which induced DNA damage and apoptosis in TROP2-expressing tumor cells in vitro. Dato-DXd exhibited in vivo antitumor activity with DNA damage induced by the accumulated DXd in TROP2-expressing xenograft tumors, but neither isotype control IgG-ADC nor anti-TROP2 antibody had this effect. Dato-DXd also showed potent antitumor activity with tumor regression in several TROP2-expressing xenograft tumors including NSCLC PDX models. Safety profiles of Dato-DXd in rats and cynomolgus monkeys were acceptable.Dato-DXd demonstrated potent antitumor activity against TROP2-expressing tumors by efficient payload delivery into tumors and acceptable safety profiles in preclinical models. These results suggest Dato-DXd could be a valuable treatment option for patients with TROP2-expressing tumors in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Riki Goto
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shu Takahashi
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Miki Yamaguchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Hamada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | | | - Yuki Abe
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
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21
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Bianchini G, De Angelis C, Licata L, Gianni L. Treatment landscape of triple-negative breast cancer - expanded options, evolving needs. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2021; 19:91-113. [PMID: 34754128 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-021-00565-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 446] [Impact Index Per Article: 148.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tumour heterogeneity and a long-standing paucity of effective therapies other than chemotherapy have contributed to triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) being the subtype with the least favourable outcomes. In the past few years, advances in omics technologies have shed light on the relevance of the TNBC microenvironment heterogeneity, unveiling a close dynamic relationship with cancer cell features. An improved understanding of tumour-immune system co-evolution supports the need to adopt a more comprehensive view of TNBC as an ecosystem that encompasses the intrinsic and extrinsic features of cancer cells. This new appreciation of the biology of TNBC has already led to the development of novel targeted agents, including PARP inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates and immune-checkpoint inhibitors, which are revolutionizing the therapeutic landscape and providing new opportunities both for patients with early-stage TNBC and for those with advanced-stage disease. The current therapeutic scenario is only the tip of the iceberg, as hundreds of new compounds and combinations are in development. The translation of these experimental therapies into clinical benefit is a welcome and ongoing challenge. In this Review, we describe the current and upcoming therapeutic landscape of TNBC and discuss how an integrated view of the TNBC ecosystem can define different levels of risk and provide improved opportunities for tailoring treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giampaolo Bianchini
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy. .,Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
| | - Carmine De Angelis
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Laster and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Luca Licata
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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22
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Aslan M, Hsu EC, Garcia-Marques FJ, Bermudez A, Liu S, Shen M, West M, Zhang CA, Rice MA, Brooks JD, West R, Pitteri SJ, Győrffy B, Stoyanova T. Oncogene-mediated metabolic gene signature predicts breast cancer outcome. NPJ Breast Cancer 2021; 7:141. [PMID: 34711841 PMCID: PMC8553750 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-021-00341-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer remains the second most lethal cancer among women in the United States and triple-negative breast cancer is the most aggressive subtype with limited treatment options. Trop2, a cell membrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed in almost all epithelial cancers. In this study, we demonstrate that Trop2 is overexpressed in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), and downregulation of Trop2 delays TNBC cell and tumor growth supporting the oncogenic role of Trop2 in breast cancer. Through proteomic profiling, we discovered a metabolic signature comprised of TALDO1, GPI, LDHA, SHMT2, and ADK proteins that were downregulated in Trop2-depleted breast cancer tumors. The identified oncogene-mediated metabolic gene signature is significantly upregulated in TNBC patients across multiple RNA-expression clinical datasets. Our study further reveals that the metabolic gene signature reliably predicts poor survival of breast cancer patients with early stages of the disease. Taken together, our study identified a new five-gene metabolic signature as an accurate predictor of breast cancer outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Aslan
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - En-Chi Hsu
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Fernando J Garcia-Marques
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Abel Bermudez
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shiqin Liu
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michelle Shen
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Meredith West
- Department of Urology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Meghan A Rice
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - James D Brooks
- Department of Urology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Robert West
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sharon J Pitteri
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, Magyar Tudósok Körútja, 1094, Budapest, Hungary
- Semmelweis University, Department of Bioinformatics and 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Tüzoltó Utca 7-9, 1094, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tanya Stoyanova
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Liao S, Wang B, Zeng R, Bao H, Chen X, Dixit R, Xing X. Recent advances in trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 targeted therapy for solid tumors. Drug Dev Res 2021; 82:1096-1110. [PMID: 34462935 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (Trop 2) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is highly expressed in various cancer types with relatively low or no baseline expression in most normal tissues. Its overexpression is associated with tumor growth and poor prognosis; Trop 2 is, therefore, an ideal therapeutic target for epithelial cancers. Several Trop 2 targeted therapeutics have recently been developed for the treatment of cancers, such as anti-Trop 2 antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), as well as Trop 2-specific cell therapy. In particular, the safety and clinical benefit of Trop 2-based ADCs have been demonstrated in clinical trials across multiple tumor types, including those with limited treatment options, such as triple-negative breast cancer, platinum-resistant urothelial cancer, and heavily pretreated non-small cell lung cancer. In this review, we elaborate on recent advances in Trop 2 targeted modalities and provide an overview of novel insights for future developments in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutan Liao
- Department of Consultation, Amador Bioscience Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Consultation, Amador Bioscience Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Department of Consultation, Amador Bioscience Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haifeng Bao
- Department of Consultation, Amador Bioscience Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Chen
- Department of Consultation, Amador Bioscience Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rakesh Dixit
- Department of Consultation, Bionavigen LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Xing
- Department of Consultation, Amador Bioscience Ltd, Hangzhou, China
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Hybrid-Type SELEX for the Selection of Artificial Nucleic Acid Aptamers Exhibiting Cell Internalization Activity. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13060888. [PMID: 34204006 PMCID: PMC8232673 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acid aptamers have attracted considerable attention as next-generation pharmaceutical agents and delivery vehicles for small molecule drugs and therapeutic oligonucleotides. Chemical modification is an effective approach for improving the functionality of aptamers. However, the process of selecting appropriately modified aptamers is laborious because of many possible modification patterns. Here, we describe a hybrid-type systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) approach for the generation of the artificial nucleic acid aptamers effective against human TROP2, a cell surface protein identified by drug discovery as a promising target for cancer therapy. Capillary electrophoresis SELEX was used for the pre-screening of multiple modified nucleic acid libraries and enrichment of TROP2 binding aptamers in the first step, followed by functional screening using cell-SELEX in the second step for the generation of cell-internalizing aptamers. One representative aptamer, Tac-B1, had a nanomolar-level affinity to human TROP2 and exhibited elevated capacity for internalization by cells. Because of the growing interest in the application of aptamers for drug delivery, our hybrid selection approach has great potential for the generation of functional artificial nucleic acid aptamers with ideal modification patterns in vitro.
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Siraj AK, Parvathareddy SK, Annaiyappanaidu P, Ahmed SO, Siraj N, Tulbah A, Al-Dayel F, Ajarim D, Al-Kuraya KS. High Expression of Cyclin D1 is an Independent Marker for Favorable Prognosis in Middle Eastern Breast Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:3309-3318. [PMID: 34040395 PMCID: PMC8141388 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s309091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The cyclin D1 protein regulates cell cycle progression which is mediated by its interactions with cyclin-dependent kinases. Over-expression of cyclin D1 has been observed in several human cancers. This study was conducted to evaluate cyclin D1 expression in a large cohort of Middle Eastern breast cancers and determine its prognostic significance. Patients and Methods Cyclin D1 expression was assessed immunohistochemically and its association with clinico-pathological parameters was analyzed in 1003 breast cancer patients. Results Cyclin D1 was over-expressed in 59.4% (596/1003) of cases and significantly associated with a subset of breast cancers having favorable prognostic features, such as low grade (p < 0.0001), low stage (p = 0.0276), estrogen receptor (p < 0.0001) and progesterone receptor positive (p < 0.0001) tumors. An inverse association was found with triple negative breast cancers (p < 0.0001). More importantly, cyclin D1 expression was an independent predictor of favorable overall survival in our cohort (hazard ratio = 0.70; 95% confidence interval = 0.50–0.98; p = 0.0395). Also, tumors that highly expressed cyclin D1 had a longer recurrence-free survival. However, this significant association was seen only in univariate analysis. We also found cyclin D1 to be associated with phospho-Rb in luminal subtype of breast cancer and co-expression of both these markers was an independent predictor of luminal A breast cancer. Conclusion Our results reinforced the role of cyclin D1 in breast cancer pathology and revealed its expression as a valuable independent prognostic indicator for breast cancer from Middle Eastern ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul K Siraj
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Padmanaban Annaiyappanaidu
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeeda O Ahmed
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabil Siraj
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma Tulbah
- Department of Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fouad Al-Dayel
- Department of Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dahish Ajarim
- Department of Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khawla S Al-Kuraya
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Therapeutic Strategies for Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancers: From Negative to Positive. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14050455. [PMID: 34065837 PMCID: PMC8150754 DOI: 10.3390/ph14050455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a distinct and immensely complex form of breast cancer. Among all subtypes of breast cancers, TNBC has a comparatively high rate of relapse, a high rate of distant metastasis, and poor overall survival after standard chemotherapy. Chemotherapy regimens are an essential component of the management of this estrogen receptor-negative, progesterone receptor-negative, and epidermal growth factor receptor2 negative subtype of breast cancers. Chemotherapy is critical for preventing the recurrence of the disease and for achieving long-term survival. Currently, a couple of agents are approved for the management of this disease, including chemotherapy like eribulin, targeted therapy like PARP inhibitor, as well as an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) to target TROP2. Like many other metastatic cancers, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have also been approved for TNBC patients with PD-L1 positive tumors and high tumor mutational burden. In this review article, we discuss these newly approved and promising novel agents that may change the therapeutic landscape for advanced/metastatic TNBC patients.
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McCann KE, Hurvitz SA. Innovations in targeted therapies for triple negative breast cancer. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2021; 33:34-47. [PMID: 33093337 DOI: 10.1097/gco.0000000000000671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is defined by a lack of targets, namely hormone receptor (HR) expression and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 amplification. Cytotoxic chemotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment. Though TNBC constitutes approximately 10-15% of breast cancer, it is disproportionally lethal, but it is hoped that outcomes will improve as targetable oncogenic drivers are identified. RECENT FINDINGS Translational work in TNBC has focused on subsets defined by defects in homologous recombination repair, immune cell infiltration, or programmed death ligand receptor 1 expression, an over-active phosphoinositide-3 kinase pathway, or expression of androgen receptors. Though not specific to TNBC, the novel cell surface antigen trophoblast antigen 2 has also been identified and successfully targeted. This work has led to Food and Drug Administration approvals for small molecule poly-ADP-ribosyl polymerase inhibitors in patients with deleterious germline mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2, the combination of nab-paclitaxel with immune checkpoint inhibitor antibodies in the first-line metastatic setting for programmed death ligand receptor 1+ TNBC, and use of the antibody-drug conjugate sacituzumab govitecan in the later-line metastatic setting. SUMMARY Identification of targetable oncogenic drivers in TNBC is an area of intense cancer biology research, hopefully translating to new therapies and improved outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly E McCann
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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28
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Dalenc F, Sarradin V, Nicolaï V, Franchet C, Ung M. [Recent therapeutic trends in triple-negative metastatic breast cancers: PARP inhibitors, immunotherapies and antibody-drug conjugates]. Bull Cancer 2021; 108:67-79. [PMID: 33422340 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Compared with other breast cancer subtypes, patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) are younger and have a worst overall survival with a median of 15 to 18 months. These tumors have long suffered from a purely negative definition, but the last few years have witnessed many breakthrough genomic and molecular findings, that could dramatically improve our understanding of the biological heterogeneity of TNBC. Moreover, based on these genomic analyses, new generation of clinical trials, using many innovative therapies directed against novel targets, had been conducted. Some TNBC have DNA damage response defects, particularly linked to germinal BRCA1/2 mutations. At the present time, two poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have been approved for patients with germinal BRCA1/2 mutation. Breast cancers are not the more immunogenic solid tumors, but some of them have a high percentage of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), express PD-L1 (about 40%) or have a high tumor mutational burden. These features of TNBC have given a strong rational to investigate the role of immune checkpoint inhibitors. One of them has been approved by FDA in association with a cytotoxic as a first line treatment. At last, targeting surface receptors outside genomic landscape with antibody drug conjugate (ADC) is a new strategy for metastatic TNBC. Sacituzumab-govitecan is the first ADC approved by FDA in advanced TNBC beyond two lines of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Dalenc
- Institut universitaire du cancer-oncopole, institut Claudius-Regaud, département d'oncologie médicale, Toulouse, France.
| | - Victor Sarradin
- Institut universitaire du cancer-oncopole, institut Claudius-Regaud, département d'oncologie médicale, Toulouse, France
| | - Vincent Nicolaï
- Institut universitaire du cancer-oncopole, institut Claudius-Regaud, département d'oncologie médicale, Toulouse, France
| | - Camille Franchet
- Institut universitaire du cancer-oncopole, institut Claudius-Regaud, département d'anatomopathologie, Toulouse, France
| | - Mony Ung
- Institut universitaire du cancer-oncopole, institut Claudius-Regaud, département d'oncologie médicale, Toulouse, France
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Lenárt S, Lenárt P, Šmarda J, Remšík J, Souček K, Beneš P. Trop2: Jack of All Trades, Master of None. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3328. [PMID: 33187148 PMCID: PMC7696911 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (Trop2) is a widely expressed glycoprotein and an epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) family member. Although initially identified as a transmembrane protein, other subcellular localizations and processed forms were described. Its congenital mutations cause a gelatinous drop-like corneal dystrophy, a disease characterized by loss of barrier function in corneal epithelial cells. Trop2 is considered a stem cell marker and its expression associates with regenerative capacity in various tissues. Trop2 overexpression was described in tumors of different origins; however, functional studies revealed both oncogenic and tumor suppressor roles. Nevertheless, therapeutic potential of Trop2 was recognized and clinical studies with drug-antibody conjugates have been initiated in various cancer types. One of these agents, sacituzumab govitecan, has been recently granted an accelerated approval for therapy of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. In this article, we review the current knowledge about the yet controversial function of Trop2 in homeostasis and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sára Lenárt
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (S.L.); (P.L.); (J.Š.); (K.S.)
| | - Peter Lenárt
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (S.L.); (P.L.); (J.Š.); (K.S.)
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Šmarda
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (S.L.); (P.L.); (J.Š.); (K.S.)
| | - Ján Remšík
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Karel Souček
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (S.L.); (P.L.); (J.Š.); (K.S.)
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
- Center of Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Beneš
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (S.L.); (P.L.); (J.Š.); (K.S.)
- Center of Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
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Theocharopoulos C, Lialios PP, Gogas H, Ziogas DC. An overview of antibody-drug conjugates in oncological practice. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12:1758835920962997. [PMID: 33088347 PMCID: PMC7543133 DOI: 10.1177/1758835920962997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are designed to manipulate the toxic efficacy of
specific chemotherapeutic compounds, employing the high affinity of
antibody-mediated delivery so as to drive them selectively to target cancer
cells. These immunoconjugates encompass the general tendency towards precision
medicine and avert the systemic toxicities of conventional chemotherapy,
accomplishing an improved therapeutic index. Cumulative experience acquired from
first-generation ADCs offers new perspectives to these promising therapeutic
modalities for various hematological and solid cancers and propels their
clinical development in a faster-than-ever pace, as indicated by the approval of
four novel ADCs during the last year. This paper aims to provide an up-to-date
overview of the eight ADCs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration and
their current indications in oncological practice. Starting from their
bio-pharmaceutical background, we track their clinical evolution, with an
emphasis on the pivotal trials that led to their commercial release. Late-stage
studies examining these eight ADCs in other-than-approved settings as well as
the investigation of potential new candidates are also reviewed. In the close
future, more data are expected to expand ADCs’ oncological utility and to
further reshape their role in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos Theocharopoulos
- First Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis-Petros Lialios
- First Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Helen Gogas
- First Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios C Ziogas
- First Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Agiou Thoma 17, Athens, 115 27, Greece
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Cocco S, Piezzo M, Calabrese A, Cianniello D, Caputo R, Di Lauro V, Fusco G, di Gioia G, Licenziato M, de Laurentiis M. Biomarkers in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4579. [PMID: 32605126 PMCID: PMC7369987 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous group of tumors characterized by aggressive behavior, high risk of distant recurrence, and poor survival. Chemotherapy is still the main therapeutic approach for this subgroup of patients, therefore, progress in the treatment of TNBC remains an important challenge. Data derived from molecular technologies have identified TNBCs with different gene expression and mutation profiles that may help developing targeted therapies. So far, however, only a few of these have shown to improve the prognosis and outcomes of TNBC patients. Robust predictive biomarkers to accelerate clinical progress are needed. Herein, we review prognostic and predictive biomarkers in TNBC, discuss the current evidence supporting their use, and look at the future of this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michelino de Laurentiis
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS “Fondazione G. Pascale”, Via Mariano Semmola, 53, 80131 Napoli NA, Italy; (S.C.); (M.P.); (A.C.); (D.C.); (R.C.); (V.D.L.); (G.F.); (G.d.G.); (M.L.)
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32
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Nagayama A, Vidula N, Ellisen L, Bardia A. Novel antibody-drug conjugates for triple negative breast cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12:1758835920915980. [PMID: 32426047 PMCID: PMC7222243 DOI: 10.1177/1758835920915980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogenous subtype of breast cancer often associated with an aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis. Antibody–drug conjugate (ADC), comprising of a monoclonal antibody linked to a cytotoxic payload by a linker, is gaining increasing traction as an anti-cancer therapeutic. Emerging ADC drugs such as sacituzumab govitecan (IMMU-132) and trastuzumab deruxtecan (DS-8201a) are in late stages of clinical development for patients with metastatic breast cancer, including TNBC. In this article, we review and discuss the development and clinical application of ADCs in patients with advanced TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiko Nagayama
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Neelima Vidula
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leif Ellisen
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aditya Bardia
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 10 North Grove Street, Boston, MA 02114-2621, USA
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Zhou Z, Wu B, Tang X, Ke R, Zou Q. Comprehensive Analysis of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR) Family Genes in Breast Cancer by Integrating Online Databases and Bioinformatics. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e923517. [PMID: 32381997 PMCID: PMC7236589 DOI: 10.12659/msm.923517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) play vital roles in the development and progression of human cancers. This study aimed to comprehensively understand the prognostic performances of FGFR1-4 expression in breast cancer (BC) by mining databases. MATERIAL AND METHODS The levels of FGFR1-4 expression in BC were analyzed by online databases, GEPIA (Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis) and UALCAN. Survival analysis of FGFR1-4 was carried out by Kaplan-Meier plotter. GSE74146 was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and analyzed by GEO2R to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between FGFR2-silenced BC cells and control. Over-presentation for DEGs were done by Enrichr tool. Networks of DEGs were obtained by using Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) and Cytoscape software. Hub genes were identified by cytoHubba Cytoscape plugin. RESULTS The online databases showed that FGFR1 was significantly downregulated whereas FGFR3 was upregulated in BC. Kaplan-Meier plotter demonstrated the upregulation of both FGFR1 and FGFR3 indicated favorable relapse free survival (RFS) whereas FGFR4 overexpression predicted unfavorable overall survival (OS) in BC patients. Importantly, our results showed FGFR2 overexpression robustly predicted favorable OS and RFS in BC. Further bioinformatics analysis of GSE74146 suggested FGFR2 mainly participated in regulating degradation and organization of the extracellular matrix and signaling of retinoic acid. Moreover, CXCL8, CD44, MMP9, and BMP7 were identified as crucial FGFR2-related hub genes. CONCLUSIONS Our study comprehensively analyzed the prognostic values of FGFR1-4 expression in BC and proposed FGFR2 might serve as a promising biomarker. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoping Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Baojin Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Xinjie Tang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Ronghu Ke
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Qiang Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
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Zhou Z, Wu B, Tang X, Yang W, Zou Q, Wang H. High SET Domain Bifurcated 1 (SETDB1) Expression Predicts Poor Prognosis in Breast Carcinoma. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e922982. [PMID: 32305991 PMCID: PMC7191957 DOI: 10.12659/msm.922982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background SETDB1, an H3K9-specific histone methyltransferase, plays important roles in the progression of various human cancers. However, the expression patterns and its clinical roles of SETDB1 remain elusive in breast cancer (BC). Material/Methods The transcriptional level of SETDB1 and survival data in BC were analyzed through UALCAN, ONCOMINE, and Pan Cancer Prognostics Database. SETDB1 protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 159 BC tissue samples. The associations between SETDB1 expression and clinical pathological characteristics of patients were analyzed. The GEO dataset GSE108656 was downloaded and analyzed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between control and BC cells targeting interference with SETDB. The DEGs were further integrated by bioinformatics analysis to decipher the key signaling pathways and hub genes that are regulated by SETDB. Results The public databases showed the level of SETDB1 mRNA was significantly upregulated in BC. Our IHC results demonstrated the level of SETDB1 protein was associated with tumor size (P=0.028), histopathological grading (P=0.012), lymph node metastasis (P<0.001), and TNM stage (P<0.001). High expression of SETDB1 indicated worse overall survival (P=0.015) and shorter relapse-free survival (P=0.027). The bioinformatic analysis of GSE108656 suggested that the SETDB1-related DEGs was mainly enriched in antigen processing and presentation, as well as immune networks in BC. The cytoHubba analysis suggested the top 10 hub genes were IL6, BMP4, CD74, PECAM1, HLA-DPA1, HLA-DRA, LAMC1, CTSB, SERPINA1, and CTSD. Conclusions The results suggest that SETDB1 is an oncogene and can serve as a prognostic biomarker for BC. However, the mechanisms of SETDB1 in BC remain to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoping Zhou
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Baojin Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Xinjie Tang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Wenlin Yang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Qiang Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Hongying Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
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Saha SK, Islam SMR, Kwak KS, Rahman MS, Cho SG. PROM1 and PROM2 expression differentially modulates clinical prognosis of cancer: a multiomics analysis. Cancer Gene Ther 2020; 27:147-167. [PMID: 31164716 PMCID: PMC7170805 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-019-0109-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Prominin 1 (PROM1) is considered a biomarker for cancer stem cells, although its biological role is unclear. Prominin 2 (PROM2) has also been associated with certain cancers. However, the prognostic value of PROM1 and PROM2 in cancer is controversial. Here, we performed a systematic data analysis to examine whether prominins can function as prognostic markers in human cancers. The expression of prominins was assessed and their prognostic value in human cancers was determined using univariate and multivariate survival analyses, via various online platforms. We selected a group of prominent functional protein partners of prominins by protein-protein interaction analysis. Subsequently, we investigated the relationship between mutations and copy number alterations in prominin genes and various types of cancers. Furthermore, we identified genes that correlated with PROM1 and PROM2 in certain cancers, based on their levels of expression. Gene ontology and pathway analyses were performed to assess the effect of these correlated genes on various cancers. We observed that PROM1 was frequently overexpressed in esophageal, liver, and ovarian cancers and its expression was negatively associated with prognosis, whereas PROM2 overexpression was associated with poor overall survival in lung and ovarian cancers. Based on the varying characteristics of prominins, we conclude that PROM1 and PROM2 expression differentially modulates the clinical outcomes of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subbroto Kumar Saha
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - S M Riazul Islam
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sejong University, 209, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sup Kwak
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, Inha University, 100, Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Shahedur Rahman
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Ssang-Goo Cho
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
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36
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Rugo HS, Bardia A, Tolaney SM, Arteaga C, Cortes J, Sohn J, Marmé F, Hong Q, Delaney RJ, Hafeez A, André F, Schmid P. TROPiCS-02: A Phase III study investigating sacituzumab govitecan in the treatment of HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer. Future Oncol 2020; 16:705-715. [PMID: 32223649 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-0163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer (MBC) whose cancers have progressed despite conventional therapies represent an unmet clinical need. Trop-2, a transmembrane calcium signal transducer, is highly expressed in MBC and plays a role in tumor growth and progression. Sacituzumab govitecan (SG) is a novel antibody-drug conjugate comprising an Trop-2 antibody coupled to SN-38, the active metabolite of irinotecan, via a unique hydrolyzable linker. SG has demonstrated promising activity in a Phase I/II IMMU-132-01 basket study in heavily pretreated solid tumors, including HR+/HER2- MBC. We describe the registrational Phase III TROPiCS-02 study (NCT03901339), evaluating SG versus treatment of physician's choice in HR+/HER2- MBC. Trial registration number: NCT03901339.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope S Rugo
- Department of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), University of California San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
| | - Aditya Bardia
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Sara M Tolaney
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Carlos Arteaga
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Javier Cortes
- Medical Oncology Department, IOB Institute of Oncology, Quirosalud Group, Madrid & Barcelona, Spain and Senior clinical Researcher, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joohyuk Sohn
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Frederik Marmé
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, University Hospital Mannheim, Germany
| | - Quan Hong
- Immunomedics, Morris Plains, NJ 07950, USA
| | | | | | - Fabrice André
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Peter Schmid
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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37
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Kuai X, Jia L, Yang T, Huang X, Zhao W, Zhang M, Chen Y, Zhu J, Feng Z, Tang Q. Trop2 Promotes Multidrug Resistance by Regulating Notch1 Signaling Pathway in Gastric Cancer Cells. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e919566. [PMID: 31964857 PMCID: PMC6996863 DOI: 10.12659/msm.919566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy is widely used in gastric cancer treatment, but multidrug resistance remains a leading cause of chemotherapy failure. Trop2 is highly expressed in gastric tumor tissues and greatly influences cancer progression. However, little is known about the relationship between Trop2 and drug resistance in gastric cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS In the present study, Trop2 was knocked down in BGC823 cells and overexpressed in HGC27. CCK-8 assay was performed to explore the relationship of Trop2 expression and cell proliferation treated with anticancer drugs. Flow cytometry was performed to assess the relationship between Trop2 and cell apoptosis after chemotherapy. Subcutaneous xenograft models were generated to explore the curative effect of DDP to GC in vivo. MRP1 and Notch1 expressions were assessed by Western blot. RESULTS Trop2 decreased cell proliferation inhibition and apoptosis after chemotherapeutic treatments. DDP showed stronger therapeutic effects on Trop2-knockdown tumor than control in vivo. MRP1 and Notch1 signaling pathway were confirmed to participate in Trop2-induced drug resistance. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that Trop2 promotes the resistance of gastric cancer to chemotherapy by activating the Notch1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwang Kuai
- Jiangsu College of Nursing, Huaian, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Lizhou Jia
- Cancer Center, Bayannur Hospital, Bayannur, Inner Mongolia, China (mainland)
| | - Tingting Yang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Antibody Technology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaochen Huang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Antibody Technology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Mingjiong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Jin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland).,Huadong Medical Institute of Biotechniques, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Zhenqing Feng
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Antibody Technology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Qi Tang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Antibody Technology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
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38
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Zhang JY, Wang MX, Wang X, Li YL, Liang ZZ, Lin Y, Liu Q, Xie XM, Tang LY, Ren ZF. Associations of reproductive factors with breast cancer prognosis and the modifying effects of menopausal status. Cancer Med 2019; 9:385-393. [PMID: 31724329 PMCID: PMC6943140 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproductive factors associated with breast cancer risk may also affect the prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the associations of multiple reproductive factors with breast cancer prognosis and the modifying effects of menopausal status. We obtained data from 3805 breast cancer patients recruited between October 2008 and June 2016 in Guangzhou. The subjects were followed up until 30 June 2018. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated using multivariate Cox models to estimate the associations. It was found that there were U‐shaped patterns for the associations of age at first birth and durations from first/last birth to diagnosis with breast cancer prognosis. The adverse effects of old age at first birth [>30 years vs 23‐30 years, HR (95% CI): 1.59 (1.01‐2.50)] and long intervals from first [≥20 years vs 10‐19 years, HR (95% CI): 1.55 (1.07‐2.27)] or last [≥20 years vs 10‐19 years, HR (95% CI): 1.63 (1.08‐2.46)] birth to diagnosis on progression‐free survival (PFS) were significantly more pronounced among premenopausal women. Additionally, long interval (>5 years) between first and second birth was associated with a better PFS [HR (95% CI): 0.64 (0.42‐0.97)]. These results suggested that age at first birth, durations from first/last birth to diagnosis, and intervals between first and second birth should be taken into account when following the patients and assessing the prognosis of breast cancer, particularly for premenopausal patients. These findings would also have implications for further insight into the mechanisms of breast cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yi Zhang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei-Xia Wang
- Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue-Lin Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuo-Zhi Liang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Lu-Ying Tang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Fang Ren
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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39
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Nishimura T, Mitsunaga M, Sawada R, Saruta M, Kobayashi H, Matsumoto N, Kanke T, Yanai H, Nakamura K. Photoimmunotherapy targeting biliary-pancreatic cancer with humanized anti-TROP2 antibody. Cancer Med 2019; 8:7781-7792. [PMID: 31674732 PMCID: PMC6912056 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoimmunotherapy (PIT) is a new type of tumor‐specific treatment utilizing monoclonal antibody (mAb)‐photosensitizer conjugates and near‐infrared (NIR) light irradiation. One potential PIT target, the type I transmembrane protein TROP2, is expressed at high levels in many cancers, including pancreatic carcinoma (PC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CC), in which its expression is correlated with poor prognosis and tumor aggressiveness. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of PIT utilizing newly developed humanized anti‐TROP2 mAb conjugated to the photosensitizer IR700 (TROP2‐IR700) for PC and CC. Immunohistochemistry on PC and CC tissue microarrays confirmed that TROP2 is overexpressed in about half of PC and CC specimens. Using cultured PC and CC cells, TROP2‐IR700 localized TROP2‐specific and target‐specific cell killing was observed after NIR light irradiation. In addition, TROP2‐IR700 was localized to mouse xenograft tumors expressing TROP2 after intravenous injection. PC and CC xenograft tumor growth was significantly inhibited by TROP2‐targeted PIT relative to controls. The efficacy of TROP2‐targeted PIT in vitro and against xenografted tumors in vivo suggests promise as a therapy for human PC and CC, both of which currently have dismal prognoses and limited therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nishimura
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Mitsunaga
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Sawada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Saruta
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Toru Kanke
- Drug Discovery Laboratories, Chiome Bioscience, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yanai
- Drug Discovery Laboratories, Chiome Bioscience, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Koji Nakamura
- Drug Discovery Laboratories, Chiome Bioscience, Kawasaki, Japan
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40
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Fenn KM, Kalinsky K. Sacituzumab govitecan: antibody-drug conjugate in triple-negative breast cancer and other solid tumors. Drugs Today (Barc) 2019; 55:575-585. [PMID: 31584574 DOI: 10.1358/dot.2019.55.9.3039669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) that has progressed on first-line therapy have a poor prognosis with limited therapeutic options. Sacituzumab govitecan (SG) is a novel antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) that has shown promising efficacy in mTNBC. SG is comprised of SN-38, the active metabolite of irinotecan, conjugated via a hydrolyzable linker to the humanized RS7 antibody targeting trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (Trop-2), a glycoprotein that is expressed at high levels in many epithelial solid tumors. It has received breakthrough therapy status by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of patients with pretreated mTNBC. In this review, we summarize available data regarding the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, safety and efficacy of SG and describe ongoing and future clinical studies investigating this agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Fenn
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - K Kalinsky
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
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41
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Abstract
While the outcomes for patients diagnosed with hormone receptor positive (HR+) and/or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) breast cancers have continued to improve with the development of targeted therapies, the same cannot be said yet for those affected with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Currently, the mainstay of treatment for the 10-15% of patients diagnosed with TNBC remains cytotoxic chemotherapy, but it is hoped that through an enhanced characterization of TNBC biology, this disease will be molecularly delineated into subgroups with targetable oncogenic drivers. This review will focus on recent therapeutic innovations for TNBC, including poly-ADP-ribosyl polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly E McCann
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 2336 Santa Monica, Suite 304, Santa Monica, Los Angeles, CA, 90404, USA.
| | - Sara A Hurvitz
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 2336 Santa Monica, Suite 304, Santa Monica, Los Angeles, CA, 90404, USA
| | - Nicholas McAndrew
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 2336 Santa Monica, Suite 304, Santa Monica, Los Angeles, CA, 90404, USA
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42
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Alhalabi O, Rafei H, Shah A, Siefker-Radtke A, Campbell M, Gao J. Targeting advanced urothelial carcinoma-developing strategies. Curr Opin Oncol 2019; 31:207-215. [PMID: 30844889 PMCID: PMC11275181 DOI: 10.1097/cco.0000000000000532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Advanced urothelial carcinoma is a heterogeneous disease with high burden of morbidity, mortality, and cost. Significant progress has been made in understanding the biology of the disease and the development of immunotherapies and targeted therapies. In this review, we summarize the current and future therapeutic approaches in the management of urothelial carcinoma. RECENT FINDINGS Advances in immune checkpoint inhibitors resulted in the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approvals of atezolizumab in 2016, and pembrolizumab, avelumab, durvalumab, and nivolumab in 2017 for the treatment of advanced urothelial carcinoma. More recently, development of inhibitors targeting the fibroblast growth factor receptor genetic alterations and antibody-drug conjugates targeting specific cell surface antigens (trop2, nectin4, and SLITRK6) resulted in several FDA breakthrough designations for urothelial carcinoma. CONCLUSION The development of novel therapies targeting the immune and molecular pathways of advanced urothelial carcinoma is promising for the improvement of outcomes in this lethal disease. Ongoing efforts are poised to optimize therapeutic options in the post-chemotherapy arena. In the era of precision medicine, the future of urothelial carcinoma lies in using less cytotoxic chemotherapy, more targeted therapy and immunotherapy, and possibly a combination of these therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Alhalabi
- Division of Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Hind Rafei
- Division of Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Amishi Shah
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | | | - Matthew Campbell
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Jianjun Gao
- Jianjun Gao, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center
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43
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Tray N, Adams S, Esteva FJ. Antibody-drug conjugates in triple negative breast cancer. Future Oncol 2018; 14:2651-2661. [PMID: 30175620 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2018-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease that comprises 15-20% of all breast cancers and is more frequently seen in younger women, African-Americans, and BRCA1 expression. Advanced TNBC carries aggressive features and is associated with overall poor outcomes. Unfortunately, there are no targeted therapies available for non-BRCA associated TNBC, which remains a high unmet therapeutic need. One emerging treatment modality includes antibody-drug conjugates which are highly selective monoclonal antibodies conjugated to cytotoxic agents, designed to deliver cytotoxic drugs to antigen-expressing tumor cells. This review will highlight three antibody-drug conjugates currently being evaluated in TNBC (CDX-011, SGN-LIV1a, IMMU-132), including one that has been given Breakthrough Therapy designation from the US FDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Tray
- Perlmutter Cancer Center at New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Sylvia Adams
- Perlmutter Cancer Center at New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Francisco J Esteva
- Perlmutter Cancer Center at New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
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44
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Jian W, Zhang X, Wang J, Liu Y, Hu C, Wang X, Liu R. Scinderin-knockdown inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis in human breast carcinoma cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:3207-3214. [PMID: 30127916 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that scinderin (SCIN) affects multiple cellular processes, including proliferation, migration and differentiation in cancer. However, the specific role of SCIN in breast cancer (BC) cells is unknown. Immunohistochemistry was used to investigate SCIN expression in 46 BC and 21 mammary fibroadenoma or fibroadenomatoid hyperplasia tissue samples. SCIN expression was ablated in MDA-MB-231 and T-47D cells using lentivirus-mediated small interfering RNA technology. Cell proliferation was tested using Celigo and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by measuring Caspase 3/7 activity and annexin-V staining. The results of the present study demonstrated that SCIN expression was elevated in BC tissues compared with mammary fibroadenoma or fibroadenomatoid hyperplasia tissues. Specifically, higher SCIN expression was observed in Ki-67-positive BC tissues (78.6%) compared with Ki-67-negative BC tissues. Furthermore, knockdown of SCIN expression in the BC cell lines significantly suppressed cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. The data presented in the present study indicate that SCIN serves an important role in the development of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Jian
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China.,Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Central Laboratory, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035, P.R. China
| | - Jiguo Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Baoan District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518133, P.R. China
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035, P.R. China
| | - Chuting Hu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035, P.R. China
| | - Xianming Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035, P.R. China
| | - Renbin Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
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45
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Goldenberg DM, Stein R, Sharkey RM. The emergence of trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP-2) as a novel cancer target. Oncotarget 2018; 9:28989-29006. [PMID: 29989029 PMCID: PMC6034748 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
TROP-2 is a glycoprotein first described as a surface marker of trophoblast cells, but subsequently shown to be increased in many solid cancers, with lower expression in certain normal tissues. It regulates cancer growth, invasion and spread by several signaling pathways, and has a role in stem cell biology and other diseases. This review summarizes TROP-2's properties, especially in cancer, and particularly its role as a target for antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) or immunotherapy. When the irinotecan metabolite, SN-38, is conjugated to a humanized anti-TROP-2 antibody (sacituzumab govitecan), it shows potent broad anticancer activity in human cancer xenografts and in patients with advanced triple-negative breast, non-small cell and small-cell lung, as well as urothelial cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Goldenberg
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Immunology, Belleville, NJ, USA
- IBC Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Morris Plains, NJ, USA
| | - Rhona Stein
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Immunology, Belleville, NJ, USA
| | - Robert M. Sharkey
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Immunology, Belleville, NJ, USA
- Immunomedics, Inc., Morris Plains, NJ, USA
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46
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Zhang X, Wang W, Li P, Wang X, Ni K. High TREM2 expression correlates with poor prognosis in gastric cancer. Hum Pathol 2018; 72:91-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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47
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Mao Y, Wang X, Zheng F, Wang C, Tang Q, Tang X, Xu N, Zhang H, Zhang D, Xiong L, Liang J, Zhu J. The tumor-inhibitory effectiveness of a novel anti-Trop2 Fab conjugate in pancreatic cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 7:24810-23. [PMID: 27050150 PMCID: PMC5029744 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Human trophoblastic cell surface antigen 2 (Trop2) has been reported to act oncogenically. In this study, one-step quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) test and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis with were employed to evaluate the relationship between Trop2 expression and the clinicopathological features of patients with PC. Then a novel anti-Trop2 Fab antibody was conjugated with Doxorubicin (DOX) to form Trop2Fab-DOX, an antibody-drug conjugate. This Trop2Fab-DOX conjugate was characterized by cell ELISA and immunofluorescence assay. MTT and wound healing analyses were used to evaluate the inhibitory effect of Trop2Fab-DOX on PC cell growth in vitro, while xenograft nude mice model was established to examine the tumor-inhibitory effects of PC in vivo. High Trop2 expression was observed in PC tissues and Trop2 expression was associated with several malignant attributes of PC patients, including overall survival. Trop2Fab-DOX can bind to the Trop2-expressing PC cells and provide an improved releasing type of DOX. In addition, Trop2Fab-DOX inhibited the proliferation and suppressed the migration of PC cells in a dose-dependent manner in vitro, while inhibited the growth of PC xenografts in vivo. Trop2 is a specific marker for PC, and a novel Trop2Fab-DOX ADC has a potent antitumor activity
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Mao
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Province Geriatric Hospital, Nanjing 210024, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Huadong Medical Institute of Biotechniques, Nanjing 210002, China.,Department of Pathology and The Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of Ministry of Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Feng Zheng
- Huadong Medical Institute of Biotechniques, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Changjun Wang
- Huadong Medical Institute of Biotechniques, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Qi Tang
- Department of Pathology and The Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of Ministry of Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiaojun Tang
- Department of Pathology and The Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of Ministry of Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Pathology and The Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of Ministry of Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Huiling Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nanjing Maternal and Children Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
| | - Lin Xiong
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
| | - Jie Liang
- Department of Pathology, Wuxi Nanjing Maternal and Children Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Huadong Medical Institute of Biotechniques, Nanjing 210002, China.,Department of Pathology and The Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of Ministry of Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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Xu P, Zhao Y, Liu K, Lin S, Liu X, Wang M, Yang P, Tian T, Zhu YY, Dai Z. Prognostic role and clinical significance of trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 in various carcinomas. Cancer Manag Res 2017; 9:821-837. [PMID: 29276405 PMCID: PMC5731441 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s147033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2) has been linked to disease prognosis in various human cancers and plays a critical role in tumor development, progression, and metastasis. A number of relevant studies have been published on this topic. A meta-analysis of the latest literature to evaluate the value of TROP2 as a predictive prognosticator of cancer was performed. Methods Several online databases were searched, and relevant articles were retrieved. Overall and subcategory meta-analyses were performed, and results were collated. Results Twenty-seven articles, including 29 studies, were included, involving 4,852 cancer patients, and results showed that the above-baseline expression of TROP2 was significantly associated with poorer overall survival (OS) (pooled hazard ratio [HR]: 1.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.45–2.35), disease-free survival (DFS) (pooled HR: 2.77, 95% CI: 1.73–4.42), and progression-free survival (PFS) (pooled HR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.25–2.35). The following clinical characteristics were also significantly linked with TROP2 overexpression: moderate/poor differentiation (pooled HR: 3.03, 95% CI: 1.99–4.63), distant metastasis (pooled HR: 2.46, 95% CI: 1.05–5.75), lymph node metastasis (pooled HR: 2.47, 95%: CI 1.72–3.56), and advanced TNM stage (pooled HR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.38–2.95). Conclusion TROP2 overexpression was predictive of poor prognosis in human cancers and may be an independent prognostic predictive biomarker. Further studies should be performed to confirm the significance of TROP2 in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kang Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuai Lin
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinghan Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pengtao Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu-Yao Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Anampa J, Sparano JA. New agents for the management of resistant metastatic breast cancer. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2017; 18:1815-1831. [DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2017.1409206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Anampa
- Department of Oncology, Section of Breast Medical Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Joseph A. Sparano
- Department of Oncology, Section of Breast Medical Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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50
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Chen YC, Gotea V, Margolin G, Elnitski L. Significant associations between driver gene mutations and DNA methylation alterations across many cancer types. PLoS Comput Biol 2017; 13:e1005840. [PMID: 29125844 PMCID: PMC5709060 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence shows that mutations in several driver genes can cause aberrant methylation patterns, a hallmark of cancer. In light of these findings, we hypothesized that the landscapes of tumor genomes and epigenomes are tightly interconnected. We measured this relationship using principal component analyses and methylation-mutation associations applied at the nucleotide level and with respect to genome-wide trends. We found that a few mutated driver genes were associated with genome-wide patterns of aberrant hypomethylation or CpG island hypermethylation in specific cancer types. In addition, we identified associations between 737 mutated driver genes and site-specific methylation changes. Moreover, using these mutation-methylation associations, we were able to distinguish between two uterine and two thyroid cancer subtypes. The driver gene mutation–associated methylation differences between the thyroid cancer subtypes were linked to differential gene expression in JAK-STAT signaling, NADPH oxidation, and other cancer-related pathways. These results establish that driver gene mutations are associated with methylation alterations capable of shaping regulatory network functions. In addition, the methodology presented here can be used to subdivide tumors into more homogeneous subsets corresponding to underlying molecular characteristics, which could improve treatment efficacy. Mutations that alter the function of driver genes by changing DNA nucleotides have been recognized as key players in cancer progression. However, recent evidence has shown that DNA methylation, which can control gene expression, is also highly dysregulated in cancer and contributes to carcinogenesis. Whether methylation alterations correspond to mutated driver genes in cancer remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed 4,302 tumors from 18 cancer types and demonstrated that driver gene mutations are inherently connected with the aberrant DNA methylation landscape in cancer. We showed that driver gene–associated methylation patterns can classify heterogeneous tumors within a cancer type into homogeneous subtypes and have the potential to influence genes that contribute to tumor growth. This finding could help us better understand the fundamental connection between driver gene mutations and DNA methylation alterations in cancer, and to further improve cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ching Chen
- Genomic Functional Analysis Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Valer Gotea
- Genomic Functional Analysis Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Gennady Margolin
- Genomic Functional Analysis Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Laura Elnitski
- Genomic Functional Analysis Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
- * E-mail:
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