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Osna NA, Carter WG, Ganesan M, Kirpich IA, McClain CJ, Petersen DR, Shearn CT, Tomasi ML, Kharbanda KK. Aberrant post-translational protein modifications in the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced liver injury. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:6192-6200. [PMID: 27468209 PMCID: PMC4945978 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i27.6192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Revised: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It is likely that the majority of proteins will undergo post-translational modification, be it enzymatic or non-enzymatic. These modified protein(s) regulate activity, localization and interaction with other cellular molecules thereby maintaining cellular hemostasis. Alcohol exposure significantly alters several of these post-translational modifications leading to impairments of many essential physiological processes. Here, we present new insights into novel modifications following ethanol exposure and their role in the initiation and progression of liver injury. This critical review condenses the proceedings of a symposium at the European Society for the Biomedical Research on Alcoholism Meeting held September 12-15, 2015, in Valencia, Spain.
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Lee CM, Hu TH, Lu SN, Wang JH, Hung CH, Chen CH, Yen YH. Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of hepatitis C genotype 1 patients. J Formos Med Assoc 2016; 115:440-4. [PMID: 26786212 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE While new direct-acting antiviral therapies for hepatitis C virus (HCV) are the standard of care, interferon-α (IFN-α) remains a standard therapy in Taiwan based on its low cost and high response rate to IFN-α-based therapy. IFN-α exerts antiviral activity by inducing the expression of hundreds of genes that establish an antiviral state via Jak kinase (JAK)/signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) signaling. We quantified the transcript levels of JAK/STAT signaling genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HCV genotype 1 patients and estimated the correlation between transcript levels and patient responses to IFN-α-based therapy. METHODS A total of 100 HCV genotype 1 naïve patients were enrolled. All patients received response-guided therapy for 24-48 weeks with pegylated IFN-α and ribavirin. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected before treatment. Twenty patients with sustained virological responses (SVR) and 20 patients without SVR were selected for a JAK/STAT signaling genes transcript analysis using multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Transcripts that were upregulated or downregulated were further validated in 100 patients. RESULTS Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) expression was upregulated in SVR patients compared with non-SVR patients (relative quantification = 2.14) based on a multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis. We further analyzed SOCS1 expression in 100 patients. We found that SOCS1 expression did not differ significantly between SVR and non-SVR patients. CONCLUSION Peripheral blood SOCS1 expression before treatment was not associated with SVR in HCV genotype 1 patients treated with pegylated IFN-α and ribavirin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Mo Lee
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hui Hu
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Nan Lu
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Houng Wang
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hung Hung
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Chen
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hao Yen
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Liu Y, Zou Z, Zhu B, Hu Z, Zeng P, Wu L. LRRFIP1 Inhibits Hepatitis C Virus Replication by Inducing Type I Interferon in Hepatocytes. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2015; 15:e28473. [PMID: 26045710 PMCID: PMC4451274 DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.15(5)2015.28473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus infection is one of the leading causes of end stage liver diseases. The innate immune response slows down viral replication by activating cytokines such as type I interferon (IFN-α/β), which trigger the synthesis of antiviral proteins and modulate the adaptive immune system. Recently, leucine-rich repeat (in Flightless I) interacting protein-1 (LRRFIP1) was reported contributing to the production of interferon-β in macrophages. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the role of LRRFIP1 in induction of IFN-β and inhibition of HCV infection in hepatocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Induction of IFN-β by LRRFIP1 in Huh7 and Huh7.5.1 was determined by real-time PCR and western blotting in vitro. Inhibition of HCV replication by LRRFIP1 overexpression in hepatocytes was assessed. RESULTS LRRFIP1 increased the expression of IFN-β in hepatocytes with or without HCV infection. Induction of IFN-β by LRRFIP1 was enhanced with the presence of hepatitis C virus. Overexpression of LRRFIP1 in hepatocytes inhibited HCV replication. However, HCV infection did not regulate intracellular expression of LRRFIP1. CONCLUSIONS LRRFIP1 and its mediated production of type I interferon play a role in controlling HCV infection. The findings of this study provide new target for HCV treatment and contribute to development of anti-HCV drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory Medicine Center, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region of PLA, Chengdu, China
- Corresponding Author: Yuan Liu, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center of Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region of PLA, P. O. Box: 610083, Chengdu, China. Tel: +86-2886570224, E-mail:
| | - Ziying Zou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory Medicine Center, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region of PLA, Chengdu, China
| | - Bing Zhu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory Medicine Center, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region of PLA, Chengdu, China
| | - Zonghai Hu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory Medicine Center, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region of PLA, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Zeng
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Medicine Center, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region of PLA, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijuan Wu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region of PLA, Chengdu, China
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Chandra PK, Gunduz F, Hazari S, Kurt R, Panigrahi R, Poat B, Bruce D, Cohen AJ, Behorquez HE, Carmody I, Loss G, Balart LA, Wu T, Dash S. Impaired expression of type I and type II interferon receptors in HCV-associated chronic liver disease and liver cirrhosis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108616. [PMID: 25265476 PMCID: PMC4180933 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)-infected patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) respond poorly to interferon-alpha (IFN-α) and ribavirin (RBV) combination therapy, but the reason for this is unclear. We previously reported that HCV-infection induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy response that selectively down regulates the type I IFN-α receptor-1 (IFNAR1) and RBV transporters (CNT1 and ENT1), leading to IFN-α/RBV resistance. The goal of this study is to verify whether an increase in ER stress and autophagy response is also associated with the reduced expression of IFNAR1 and RBV transporters in chronic HCV-infected patients. METHODS Primary human hepatocytes (PHH) were infected with cell culture grown HCV particles (JFH-ΔV3-Rluc). HCV replication was confirmed by the detection of viral RNA by RT-qPCR and HCV-core protein by Western blotting. The ER stress and autophagy response and expression of IFN receptors and RBV transporters in HCV infected PHH and liver tissues derived from patients were measured by Western blotting. RESULT HCV infection of PHH showed impaired expression of IFNAR1, IFNγR1 (Type II IFN receptor) and RBV transporters but not IL10Rβ (Type III IFN-λ receptor). ER stress markers (BiP, IRE1α and peIF2α) and autophagy response (LC3II, Beclin 1 and ATG5) were induced in HCV infected chronic liver disease (CLD) and LC patients. Liver biopsies (CLD) show a 50% reduced expression of IFNAR1 and RBV transporters. Furthermore, the expression of IFNAR1 and RBV transporters was impaired in almost all LC patients. CONCLUSION HCV infection induces ER stress and autophagy response in infected PHH and chronically infected liver tissues. The expression of IFNAR1, IFNγR1 and RBV transporters were significantly impaired in CLD and cirrhotic livers. Our study provides a potential explanation for the reduced response rate of IFN-α and RBV combination therapy in HCV infected patients with liver cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Partha K. Chandra
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Feyza Gunduz
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Sidhartha Hazari
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Ramazan Kurt
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Rajesh Panigrahi
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Bret Poat
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - David Bruce
- Transplant Surgery Section, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Ari J. Cohen
- Transplant Surgery Section, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Humberto E. Behorquez
- Transplant Surgery Section, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Ian Carmody
- Transplant Surgery Section, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - George Loss
- Transplant Surgery Section, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Luis A. Balart
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Tong Wu
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Srikanta Dash
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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