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Yang F, Xie T, Hu Z, Chu Z, Lu H, Wu Q, Qin D, Sun S, Luo Z, Luo F. Exploration on anti-hypoxia properties of peptides: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-16. [PMID: 38116946 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2291824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Peptides are important components of human nutrition and health, and considered as safe, nontoxic, and easily absorbed potential drugs. Anti-hypoxia peptides are a kind of peptides that can prevent hypoxia or hypoxia damage. In this paper, the sources, preparations, and molecular mechanisms of anti-hypoxia peptides were systemically reviewed. The combination of bioinformatics, chemical synthesis, enzymatic hydrolysis, and microbial fermentation are recommended for efficient productions of anti-hypoxic peptides. The mechanisms of anti-hypoxic peptides include interference with glycolytic process and HIF-1α pathway, mitochondrial apoptosis, and inflammatory response. In addition, bioinformatics analysis, including virtual screening and molecular docking, provides an alternative or auxiliary method for exploring the potential anti-hypoxic activities and mechanisms of peptides. The potential challenges and prospects of anti-hypoxic peptides are also discussed. This paper can provide references for researchers in this field and promote further research and clinical applications of anti-hypoxic peptides in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyan Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tiantian Xie
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zuomin Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhongxing Chu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Han Lu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qi Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dandan Qin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuguo Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhang Luo
- College of Food Science, Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi, Tibet, China
| | - Feijun Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Han J, Tao W, Cui W, Chen J. Propofol via Antioxidant Property Attenuated Hypoxia-Mediated Mitochondrial Dynamic Imbalance and Malfunction in Primary Rat Hippocampal Neurons. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:6298786. [PMID: 35087616 PMCID: PMC8789416 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6298786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia may induce mitochondrial abnormality, which is associated with a variety of clinical phenotypes in the central nervous system. Propofol is an anesthetic agent with neuroprotective property. We examined whether and how propofol protected hypoxia-induced mitochondrial abnormality in neurons. METHODS Primary rat hippocampal neurons were exposed to propofol followed by hypoxia treatment. Neuron viability, mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production were measured. Mechanisms including reactive oxygen species (ROS), extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK), protein kinase A (PKA), HIF-1α, Drp1, Fis1, Mfn1, Mfn2, and Opa1 were investigated. RESULTS Hypoxia increased intracellular ROS production and induced mPTP opening, while reducing ATP production, MMP values, and neuron viability. Hypoxia impaired mitochondrial dynamic balance by increasing mitochondrial fragmentation. Further, hypoxia induced the translocation of HIF-1α and increased the expression of Drp1, while having no effect on Fis1 expression. In addition, hypoxia induced the phosphorylation of ERK and Drp1ser616, while reducing the phosphorylation of PKA and Drp1ser637. Importantly, we demonstrated all these effects were attenuated by pretreatment of neurons with 50 μM propofol, antioxidant α-tocopherol, and ROS scavenger ebselen. Besides, hypoxia, propofol, α-tocopherol, or ebselen had no effect on the expression of Mfn1, Mfn2, and Opa1. CONCLUSIONS In rat hippocampal neurons, hypoxia induced oxidative stress, caused mitochondrial dynamic imbalance and malfunction, and reduced neuron viability. Propofol protected mitochondrial abnormality and neuron viability via antioxidant property, and the molecular mechanisms involved HIF-1α-mediated Drp1 expression and ERK/PKA-mediated Drp1 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfeng Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jing'an District Central Hospital, No. 259 Xi Kang Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Weiping Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jing'an District Central Hospital, No. 259 Xi Kang Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jing'an District Central Hospital, No. 259 Xi Kang Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jiawei Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jing'an District Central Hospital, No. 259 Xi Kang Road, Shanghai 200040, China
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Zhang W, Liu Q, Zhu H, Ma C, Luo Q, Ji M, Liu L. Propofol induces the apoptosis of neural stem cells via microRNA-9-5p / chemokine CXC receptor 4 signaling pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:1062-1072. [PMID: 34990302 PMCID: PMC8805814 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2017590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggested that propofol, one of the most widely used anesthetics, may cause neurotoxicity in the developing brain, leading to cognitive deficits in adults. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the mechanisms of propofol neurotoxicity in the neural stem cells (NSCs). The mRNA and protein expression levels of microRNA-9-5p (miR-9-5p) and chemokine CXC receptor 4 (CXCR4) were determined by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analyses. Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated using the cell counting kit-8 and Hoechst staining kits. The levels of apoptosis-related proteins B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein, and caspase-3 were detected by Western blotting analysis. These results confirmed that propofol activated cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. A significant increase in the miR-9-5p and CXCR4 expression was observed in the propofol-treated cells. The overexpression of miR-9-5p induced apoptosis in NSCs, accompanied by elevated apoptosis-related protein activity. Furthermore, mitigated CXCR4 expression reduced propofol-induced cell apoptosis. We conclude that propofol induces cell death in NSCs, and overexpression of miR-9-5p/CXCR4 contributes to propofol-induced cell apoptosis, which might be a target for developing novel strategies to treat propofol neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - He Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Qin Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Meilin Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
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Cui C, Zhang D, Sun K, Li H, Xu L, Lin G, Guo Y, Hu J, Chen J, Nong L, Cai Y, Yu D, Yang W, Wang P, Sun Y. Propofol maintains Th17/Treg cell balance and reduces inflammation in rats with traumatic brain injury via the miR‑145‑3p/NFATc2/NF‑κB axis. Int J Mol Med 2021; 48:135. [PMID: 34036377 PMCID: PMC8148094 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Propofol is a commonly used intravenous anesthetic. The aim of the study was to examine the mechanism of propofol in traumatic brain injury (TBI) by regulating interleukin (IL)‑17 activity and maintaining the Th17/Treg balance. A rat model with moderate TBI was established using the weight‑drop method. Rats with TBI were regularly injected with propofol and their brain injuries were monitored. The peripheral blood of rats was collected to measure the Th17/Treg ratio. MicroRNA (miR)‑145‑3p expression was detected in the brain tissues of rats and antagomiR‑145‑3p was injected into the lateral ventricles of their brains to verify the effect of miR‑145‑3p on brain injury. The downstream target of miR‑145‑3p was predicted. The targeting relationship between miR‑145‑3p and nuclear factor of activated T cells c2 (NFATc2) was confirmed. NFATC2 expression and phosphorylation of NF‑κB pathway‑related proteins were measured. Propofol alleviated brain injury in rats with TBI and maintained the Th17/Treg balance. Propofol upregulated miR‑145‑3p expression in rat brains, while the inhibition of miR‑145‑3p reversed the effect of propofol on brain injury. A binding relationship was observed between miR‑145‑3p and NFATc2. Furthermore, propofol decreased the phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα, and inhibited activation of the NF‑κB pathway in the brains of rats with TBI. In conclusion, propofol maintained Th17/Treg balance and reduced inflammation in the rats with TBI via the miR‑145‑3p/NFATc2/NF‑κB axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Dengwen Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Ke Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Haifeng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Liqian Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Gen Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Yuanbo Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqi Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Jieyuan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Lidan Nong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Yujin Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Dongnan Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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Yu S, Xin W, Jiang Q, Li A. Propofol exerts neuroprotective functions by down-regulating microRNA-19a in glutamic acid-induced PC12 cells. Biofactors 2020; 46:934-942. [PMID: 31913544 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Propofol, a kind of intravenous sedative drug, is certified that exerts anti-inflammation and antitumor functions. However, the influence of propofol in cerebral injury and the corresponding mechanism remains unexplained, that our article focuses on. METHODS PC12 cells were treated with propofol and exposed in glutamic acid (Glu) solutions. Cell viability, apoptotic potential, apoptosis-related and autophagy-linked proteins were tested via CCK-8, flow cytometry, and western blot assays. Reverse transcription-quantitative real-time PCR was utilized to test miR-19a expression in Glu-stimulated cells. Next, miR-19a mimic transfection was used to assess the effects of miR-19a on cell apoptosis and autophagy in Glu or propofol treated cells. Finally, western blot was performed to test AMPK and mTOR pathways. RESULTS Glu exposure promoted cell apoptosis and autophagy of PC12 cells, while propofol attenuated cell apoptosis and autophagy triggered by Glu. Additionally, propofol decreased the miR-19a expression in Glu-stimulated PC12 cells. Meanwhile, over-expression of miR-19a reversed the effects of propofol on Glu-induced cell apoptosis and autophagy. Moreover, propofol potentiated AMPK and mTOR pathways in Glu-stimulated PC12 cells via impeding miR-19a expression. CONCLUSIONS These finding revealed that propofol relieved Glu-triggered apoptosis and autophagy of PC12, and activated AMPK and mTOR pathways by suppressing miR-19a expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashuang Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Wenqi Xin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Qiliang Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Aixiang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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Hu Q, Yuan Y, Wu Y, Huang Y, Zhao Z, Xiao C. MicroRNA‑137 exerts protective effects on hypoxia‑induced cell injury by inhibiting autophagy/mitophagy and maintaining mitochondrial function in breast cancer stem‑like cells. Oncol Rep 2020; 44:1627-1637. [PMID: 32945512 PMCID: PMC7448477 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer stem‑like cells (BCSCs) have been identified and proven to play critical roles in tumorigenesis and progression. Hypoxia is a common pathologic feature of breast cancer and potentially, at least in part, regulates the initiation, progression, and recurrence of breast cancer. However, less is known about how hypoxia regulates BCSCs. As several well‑known microRNAs respond to hypoxia, we aimed to determine how hypoxia regulates the physiological processes of BCSCs by regulating the corresponding microRNAs. As expected, microRNA‑137 (miRNA‑137 or miR‑137) was downregulated upon hypoxic exposure, indicating that it may play critical roles in BCSCs. Introduction of miR‑137 mimics promoted cell cycle entry and inhibited hypoxia‑induced cell apoptosis as determined by cell cycle assay and apoptosis assay. By detecting mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), it was found that miR‑137 inhibited ROS accumulation induced by hypoxic exposure and thus suppressed cell apoptosis. Introduction of miR‑137 mimics under hypoxia inhibited mitophagy/autophagy by targeting FUN14 domain containing 1 (Fundc1) and thus promoted mitochondrial functions, including mitochondrial mass, ATP synthesis and mitochondrial transcriptional activity, which was similar to the effects of Fundc1 knockdown by specific siRNA. Based on these observations, we hypothesized that the survival of BCSCs under hypoxia was mediated by miR‑137 by regulating mitochondrial dysfunction. We demonstrated here that the introduction of exogenous miR‑137 promoted mitochondrial function, indicating that it may be a potential therapeutic target in BCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongying Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yun Yuan
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yeke Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yongliang Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Ziyi Zhao
- Department of Central Laboratory, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Chong Xiao
- Teaching and Research Office of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
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