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Li L, Jin M, Tan J, Xiao B. NcRNAs: A synergistically antiapoptosis therapeutic tool in Alzheimer's disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14476. [PMID: 37735992 PMCID: PMC11017435 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this review is to systematically summarize and analyze the noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), especially microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), in the cell apoptosis among Alzheimer's disease (AD) in recent years to demonstrate their value in the diagnosis and treatment of AD. METHODS We systematically summarized in vitro and in vivo studies focusing on the ncRNAs in the regulation of cell apoptosis among AD in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. RESULTS We discover three patterns of ncRNAs (including 'miRNA-mRNA', 'lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA', and 'circRNA-miRNA-mRNA') form the ncRNA-based regulatory networks in regulating cell apoptosis in AD. CONCLUSIONS This review provides a future diagnosis and treatment strategy for AD patients based on ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangxian Li
- Laboratory of Respiratory DiseaseAffiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical UniversityGuilinChina
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive NeuroscienceGuilin Medical UniversityGuilinChina
| | - Mingyue Jin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive NeuroscienceGuilin Medical UniversityGuilinChina
| | - Jie Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive NeuroscienceGuilin Medical UniversityGuilinChina
| | - Bo Xiao
- Laboratory of Respiratory DiseaseAffiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical UniversityGuilinChina
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive NeuroscienceGuilin Medical UniversityGuilinChina
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseasesEducation Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionGuilinChina
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2
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Lian X, Zhang X, Chen W, Xue F, Wang G. Dexmedetomidine mitigates neuroinflammation in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model via the miR-204-3p/FBXL7 signaling axis. Brain Res 2024; 1822:148612. [PMID: 37778649 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by neuroinflammation. Dexmedetomidine (Dex) is known for its neuroprotective properties in clinical settings. In this study, we investigated the potential of Dex in protecting against neuroinflammation in an AD mouse model induced by amyloid-beta (Aβ) injection. First, in the AD mouse model, Aβ injection were administered, and the model was confirmed through behavioral tests, including the Morris water maze and Y-maze. Neuroinflammatory states in Aβ-injected mice were assessed using hematoxylin and eosin staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Expression levels of microRNA (miR)-204-3p and F-box/LRR-repeat protein 7 (FBXL7) in mouse tissues were determined through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. The binding interaction between miR-204-3p and FBXL7 was elucidated using dual-luciferase analysis. Aβ-injected mice exhibited cognitive impairment, neuroinflammation, and downregulated miR-204-3p. Upregulation of miR-204-3p reduced inflammatory infiltration and mitigated neuroinflammation in Aβ-injected mice. Dex treatment reduced inflammation in hippocampal tissues of Aβ-injected mice. Dex treatment upregulated miR-204-3p, leading to suppressed FBXL7 expression in tissues. Inhibition of miR-204-3p or overexpression of FBXL7 reversed the alleviating effect of Dex on neuroinflammation in Aβ-injected mice. Overall, Dex increased miR-204-3p expression, resulting in the inhibition of FBXL7, and subsequently alleviated neuroinflammation in Aβ-injected mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Lian
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Wenchao Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Fang Xue
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Gaiqing Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China; Department of Neurology, Sanya Central Hospital (Hainan Third People's Hospital), Hainan Medical University, Sanya, Hainan 572000, China.
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3
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Xu LZ, Li BQ, Li FY, Li Y, Qin W, Zhao Y, Jia JP. NMDA Receptor GluN2B Subunit Is Involved in Excitotoxicity Mediated by Death-Associated Protein Kinase 1 in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 91:877-893. [PMID: 36502323 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of neurodegenerative dementia among the elderly. Excitotoxicity has been implicated as playing a dominant role in AD, especially related to the hyperactivation of excitatory neurons. Death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1) is a calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase and involved in the pathogenesis of AD, but the roles and mechanisms of DAPK1 in excitotoxicity in AD are still uncertain. OBJECTIVE We mainly explored the underlying mechanisms of DAPK1 involved in the excitotoxicity of AD and its clinical relevance. METHODS Differentiated SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells, PS1 V97 L transgenic mice, and human plasma samples were used. Protein expression was assayed by immunoblotting, and intracellular calcium and neuronal damage were analyzed by flow cytometry. Plasma DAPK1 was measured by ELISA. RESULTS We found that DAPK1 was activated after amyloid-β oligomers (AβOs) exposure in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. Besides, we found the phosphorylation of GluN2B subunit at Ser1303 was increased, which contributing to excitotoxicity and Ca2+ overload in SH-SY5Y cells. Inhibiting DAPK1 activity, knockdown of DAPK1 expression, and antagonizing GluN2B subunits could effectively prevent AβOs-induced activation of GluN2B subunit, Ca2+ overload, and neuronal apoptosis. Additionally, we found that DAPK1 was elevated in the brain of AD transgenic mouse and in the plasma of AD patients. CONCLUSION Our finding will help to understand the mechanism of DAPK1 in the excitotoxicity in AD and provide a reference for the diagnosis and therapy of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Zhi Xu
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, Beijing, P.R. China.,Clinical Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Memory Impairment, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Bing-Qiu Li
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, Beijing, P.R. China.,Clinical Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Memory Impairment, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Fang-Yu Li
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, Beijing, P.R. China.,Clinical Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Memory Impairment, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, Beijing, P.R. China.,Clinical Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Memory Impairment, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Wei Qin
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, Beijing, P.R. China.,Clinical Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Memory Impairment, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P.R. China.,Cell Therapy Center, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Ping Jia
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, Beijing, P.R. China.,Clinical Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Memory Impairment, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P.R. China
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4
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Wu ZD, Feng Y, Ma ZX, Liu Z, Xiong HH, Zhou ZP, Ouyang LS, Xie FK, Tang YM. MicroRNAs: protective regulators for neuron growth and development. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:734-745. [DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.353481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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5
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The Crosstalk between the Blood–Brain Barrier Dysfunction and Neuroinflammation after General Anaesthesia. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:5700-5717. [PMID: 36421670 PMCID: PMC9689502 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44110386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As we know, with continuous medical progress, the treatment of many diseases can be conducted via surgery, which often relies on general anaesthesia for its satisfactory performance. With the widespread use of general anaesthetics, people are beginning to question the safety of general anaesthesia and there is a growing interest in central nervous system (CNS) complications associated with anaesthetics. Recently, abundant evidence has suggested that both blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction and neuroinflammation play roles in the development of CNS complications after anaesthesia. Whether there is a crosstalk between BBB dysfunction and neuroinflammation after general anaesthesia, and whether this possible crosstalk could be a therapeutic target for CNS complications after general anaesthesia needs to be clarified by further studies.
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6
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Selvakumar SC, Preethi KA, Tusubira D, Sekar D. MicroRNAs in the epigenetic regulation of disease progression in Parkinson’s disease. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:995997. [PMID: 36187290 PMCID: PMC9524246 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.995997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative condition with symptoms such as resting tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of moment), and postural instability. Neuroinflammation plays a significant part in the onset and progression of neurodegeneration in a wide range of disorders, including PD. The loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) is thought to be the primary cause of PD disease progression. However, other neurotransmitter systems like serotoninergic, glutamatergic, noradrenergic, adrenergic, cholinergic, tryptaminergic, and peptidergic appear to be affected as well. Epigenetic regulation of gene expression is emerging as an influencing factor in the pathophysiology of PD. In recent years, epigenetic regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs) has been discovered to play an important function in the disease progression of PD. This review explores the role of miRNAs and their signaling pathways in regulating gene expression from development through neurodegeneration and how these mechanisms are linked to the pathophysiology of PD, emphasizing potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmaa Chandralekha Selvakumar
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Research, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - K. Auxzilia Preethi
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Research, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Deusdedit Tusubira
- Department of Biochemistry, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
- *Correspondence: Deusdedit Tusubira,
| | - Durairaj Sekar
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Research, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
- Durairaj Sekar, ;
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7
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Fan C, Zhang Y, Tian Y, Zhao X, Teng J. Phloretin enhances autophagy by impairing AKT activation and inducing JNK-Beclin-1 pathway activation. Exp Mol Pathol 2022; 127:104814. [PMID: 35878674 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2022.104814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Phloretin is a type of dihydrochalcone that is primarily found in apples and has been reported to possess various potent biological activities, such as anticancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Our previous study has shown that phloretin induces apoptosis in human glioblastoma. In this study, we found that phloretin induced autophagy in SH-SY5Y cells by decreasing p-AKT and p-mTOR levels in the AKT/mTOR pathway and increasing the activation of JNK, the phosphorylation of c-Jun and the expression of Beclin-1. Moreover, the upregulation of Beclin-1 was decreased by SP600125 or a siRNA against c-Jun. Furthermore, SP600125 and siRNAs against c-Jun and Beclin-1 inhibited phloretin-induced autophagy. In addition, inhibition of phloretin-induced autophagy by cotreatment with phloretin and 3-MA decreased phloretin-induced cytotoxicity to SH-SY5Y cells. In conclusion, our results suggest that the AKT/mTOR pathway and JNK-mediated Beclin-1 expression are involved in phloretin-induced autophagy. Phloretin can be used to protect neurons during phloretin treatment of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghe Fan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yilin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Junfang Teng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
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8
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Burlacu CC, Neag MA, Mitre AO, Sirbu AC, Badulescu AV, Buzoianu AD. The Role of miRNAs in Dexmedetomidine's Neuroprotective Effects against Brain Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105452. [PMID: 35628263 PMCID: PMC9141783 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
There are limited neuroprotective strategies for various central nervous system conditions in which fast and sustained management is essential. Neuroprotection-based therapeutics have become an intensively researched topic in the neuroscience field, with multiple novel promising agents, from natural products to mesenchymal stem cells, homing peptides, and nanoparticles-mediated agents, all aiming to significantly provide neuroprotection in experimental and clinical studies. Dexmedetomidine (DEX), an α2 agonist commonly used as an anesthetic adjuvant for sedation and as an opioid-sparing medication, stands out in this context due to its well-established neuroprotective effects. Emerging evidence from preclinical and clinical studies suggested that DEX could be used to protect against cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injury (TBI), spinal cord injury, neurodegenerative diseases, and postoperative cognitive disorders. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression at a post-transcriptional level, inhibiting the translation of mRNA into functional proteins. In vivo and in vitro studies deciphered brain-related miRNAs and dysregulated miRNA profiles after several brain disorders, including TBI, ischemic stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, and multiple sclerosis, providing emerging new perspectives in neuroprotective therapy by modulating these miRNAs. Experimental studies revealed that some of the neuroprotective effects of DEX are mediated by various miRNAs, counteracting multiple mechanisms in several disease models, such as lipopolysaccharides induced neuroinflammation, β-amyloid induced dysfunction, brain ischemic-reperfusion injury, and anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity models. This review aims to outline the neuroprotective mechanisms of DEX in brain disorders by modulating miRNAs. We address the neuroprotective effects of DEX by targeting miRNAs in modulating ischemic brain injury, ameliorating the neurotoxicity of anesthetics, reducing postoperative cognitive dysfunction, and improving the effects of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Codrin-Constantin Burlacu
- Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.-C.B.); (A.-O.M.); (A.-V.B.)
| | - Maria-Adriana Neag
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-C.S.); (A.-D.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Andrei-Otto Mitre
- Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.-C.B.); (A.-O.M.); (A.-V.B.)
| | - Alexandru-Constantin Sirbu
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-C.S.); (A.-D.B.)
| | - Andrei-Vlad Badulescu
- Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.-C.B.); (A.-O.M.); (A.-V.B.)
| | - Anca-Dana Buzoianu
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-C.S.); (A.-D.B.)
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Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking-Based Strategy to Investigate the Multitarget Mechanisms of Shenqi Yizhi Granule on Alzheimer's Disease. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8032036. [PMID: 35535155 PMCID: PMC9078761 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8032036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Traditional Chinese herbal medicine draws more attention to explore an effective therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Shenqi Yizhi granule (SQYG), a Chinese herbal recipe, has been applied to ameliorate cognitive impairment in mild-to-moderate AD patients. However, the overall molecular mechanism of SQYG in treating AD has not been clarified. Objective This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of SQYG on AD using an integration strategy of network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods The active compounds of SQYG and common targets between SQYG and AD were screened from databases. The herb-compound network, compound-target network, and protein-protein interaction network were constructed. The enrichment analysis of common targets and molecular docking were performed. Results 816 compounds and 307 common targets between SQYG and AD were screened. KEGG analysis revealed that common targets were mainly enriched in lipid metabolism, metal ion metabolism, IL-17 signaling pathway, GABA receptor signaling, and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction. Molecular docking analysis showed high binding affinity between ginsenoside Rg1 and Aβ 1-42, tanshinone IIA and BACE1, baicalin, and AchE. Conclusions The therapeutic mechanisms of SQYG on AD were associated with regulating lipid metabolism, metal ion metabolism, IL-17 signaling pathway, and GABA receptor signaling. Ginsenoside Rg1, tanshinone IIA, baicalin, astragaloside IV, and folic acid may play an important role in AD treatment.
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Wen G, Xin N. Dexmetomidine promotes the activity of breast cancer cells through miR-199a/HIF-1α axis. Transl Cancer Res 2021; 10:4817-4828. [PMID: 35116334 PMCID: PMC8797324 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-21-1937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer, as one of the most common malignant tumors in women, is still a great threat to women all over the world. Dexmetomidine (DMED) is a highly selective α2-adrenergic receptor agonist, which has attracted much attention in recent years. This study aimed to clarify the potential mechanism of DMED in regulating the activity of breast cancer cells. METHODS Breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 were treated with DMED. The levels of miR-199a and HIF-1α mRNA were detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR); the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and transwell assays were applied to monitor the activity of breast cancer cells; the apoptosis of breast cancer cells was detected using the caspase-3 activity assay and flow cytometry; binding of miR-199a and HIF-1α was assessed using double luciferase reporter gene assay, and western blot was employed to monitor the level of HIF-1α in cells. RESULTS The cytotoxicity and apoptosis of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells was inhibited by DMED. It also downregulated the expression of miR-199a in breast cancer cells and enhanced the downregulation of miR-199a to promote the activity of breast cancer cells and inhibit apoptosis. Also, miR-199a targeted HIF-1α. Further functional experiments confirmed that DMED promoted the progression of breast cancer through the miR-199a/HIF-1α axis. CONCLUSIONS DMED promotes the activity of breast cancer cells through miR-199a/HIF-1αaxis. This can provide some reference for DMED in the clinical treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Naixing Xin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
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11
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Tu YK, Hsueh YH, Huang HC. Human olfactory ensheathing cell-derived extracellular vesicles: miRNA profile and neuroprotective effect. Curr Neurovasc Res 2021; 18:395-408. [PMID: 34645375 DOI: 10.2174/1567202618666211012162111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicle (EV)-based therapy has been identified as a leading alternative approach in several disease models. EV derived from the olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) has been documented for its strong neuro-regenerative capacity. However, no information on its cargo that may contribute to its therapeutic effect has been available. OBJECTIVE To report the first miRNA profile of human OEC (hOEC) -EV, and investigate the neuroprotective effects. METHODS hOEC-EV was isolated and sequenced. We established in vitro experiments to assess the therapeutic potential of hOEC-EVs with respect to insulted neural progenitor cells (NPCs), and the angiogenesis effect. Secondary post-injury insults were imitated using t-BHP-mediated oxidative stress. RESULTS We noted a strong abundance of hOEC-EV-miRNAs, including hsa-miR148a-3p, has-miR151a-3p and several members of let-7 family. The common targets of 15 miRNAs among the top 20 miRNAs were thrombospondin 1 and cyclin dependent kinase 6. We demonstrated that hOEC-EVs promote normal NPC proliferation and differentiation to neuron-like morphologies with prolonged axons. hOEC-EVs protect cells from t-BHP mediated apoptosis. We also found that the migration rate of either NPCs or endothelial cells significantly improved with hOEC-EVs. Furthermore, in vitro tube formation assays indicated that angiogenesis, an important process for tissue repair, was significantly enhanced in human umbilical vein endothelial cells exposed to hOEC-EVs. CONCLUSION Our results revealed that hOEC-EVs exert neuroprotective effects by protecting cells from apoptosis and promoting in vitro biological processes that are important to neural tissue repair, including neural cell proliferation, axonal growth, and cell migration, in addition to enhancing angiogenesis. </p>.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Kun Tu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, E-Da Hospitall, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung city. Taiwan
| | - Yu-Huan Hsueh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, E-Da Hospitall, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung city. Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Chang Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, E-Da Hospitall, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung city. Taiwan
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Li YJ, Zhang DZ, Xi Y, Wu CA. Protective effect of dexmedetomidine on neuronal hypoxic injury through inhibition of miR-134. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:2145-2155. [PMID: 34121490 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211023784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism of dexmedetomidine (DEX)-mediated miR-134 inhibition in hypoxia-induced damage in PC12 cells. METHODS Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-stimulated PC12 cells were divided into control, H2O2, DEX + H2O2, miR-NC/inhibitor + H2O2, and miR-NC/ mimic + DEX + H2O2 groups. Cell viability and apoptosis were assessed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol(-2-y1)-2,5-diphenytetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, while gene and protein expression levels were detected by qRT-PCR and western blotting. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were tested by 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content was determined with a detection kit. RESULTS DEX treatment decreased H2O2-elevated miR-134 expression. H2O2-induced PC12 cell damage was improved by DEX and miR-134 inhibitor; additionally, cell viability was increased, while cell apoptosis was reduced. In addition, both DEX and miR-134 inhibitor reduced the upregulated expression of cleaved caspase-3 and increased the downregulated expression of Bcl-2 in H2O2-induced PC12 cells. However, compared to that in the DEX + H2O2 group, cell viability in the mimic + DEX + H2O2 group was decreased, and the apoptotic rate was elevated with increased cleaved caspase-3 and decreased Bcl-2 expression. Inflammation and oxidative stress were increased in H2O2-induced PC12 cells but improved with DEX or miR-134 inhibitor treatment. However, this improvement of H2O2-induced inflammation and oxidative stress induced by DEX in PC12 cells could be reversed by the miR-134 mimic. CONCLUSION DEX exerts protective effects to promote viability and reduce cell apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in H2O2-induced PC12 cells by inhibiting the expression of miR-134.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-J Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - D-Z Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Y Xi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - C-A Wu
- Department of Molecular Orthopaedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing, China
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