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Kikuyama S, Yamamoto K, Toyoda F, Kouki T, Okada R. Hormonal and pheromonal studies on amphibians with special reference to metamorphosis and reproductive behavior. Dev Growth Differ 2023; 65:321-336. [PMID: 37246964 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we review studies which have been conducted to investigate the hormonal influence on metamorphosis in bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) and Japanese toad (Bufo japonicus) larvae, in addition to studies conducted on the hormonal and pheromonal control of reproductive behavior in red-bellied newts (Cynops pyrrhogaster). Metamorphosis was studied with an emphasis on the roles of prolactin (PRL) and thyrotropin (TSH). The release of PRL was shown to be regulated by thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and that of TSH was evidenced to be regulated by corticotropin-releasing factor. The significance of the fact that the neuropeptide that controls the secretion of TSH is different from those encountered in mammals is discussed in consideration of the observation that the release of TRH, which stimulates the release of PRL, is enhanced when the animals are subjected to a cold temperature. Findings that were made by using melanin-rich cells of Bufo embryos and larvae, such as the determination of the origin of the adenohypophyseal primordium, identification of the pancreatic chitinase, and involvement of the rostral preoptic recess organ as the hypothalamic inhibitory center of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) secretion, are mentioned in this article. In addition, the involvement of hormones in eliciting courtship behavior in male red-bellied newts and the discovery of the peptide sex pheromones and hormonal control of their secretion are also discussed in the present article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakae Kikuyama
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Education and Integrated Sciences, Center for Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Education and Integrated Sciences, Center for Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiyo Toyoda
- Physiology Department I, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Tom Kouki
- Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Reiko Okada
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
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Kikuyama S, Hasunuma I, Okada R. Development of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal system in amphibians with special reference to metamorphosis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 524:111143. [PMID: 33385474 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.111143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this review article, topics of the embryonic origin of the adenohypophysis and hypothalamus and the development of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal system for the completion of metamorphosis in amphibians are included. The primordium of the adenohypophysis as well as the primordium of the hypothalamus in amphibians is of neural origin as shown in other vertebrates, and both are closely associated with each other at the earliest stage of development. Metamorphosis progresses via the interaction of thyroid hormone and adrenal corticosteroids, of which secretion is enhanced by thyrotropin and corticotropin, respectively. However, unlike in mammals, the hypothalamic releasing factor for thyrotropin is not thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), but corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and the major releasing factor for corticotropin is arginine vasotocin (AVT). Prolactin, the release of which is profoundly enhanced by TRH at the metamorphic climax, is another pituitary hormone involved in metamorphosis. Prolactin has a dual role: modulation of the metamorphic speed and the development of organs for adult life. The secretory activities of the pituitary cells containing the three above-mentioned pituitary hormones are elevated toward the metamorphic climax in parallel with the activities of the CRF, AVT, and TRH neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakae Kikuyama
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Education and Integrated Sciences, Center for Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
| | - Itaru Hasunuma
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Toho University, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
| | - Reiko Okada
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
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Silva JPE, Furtado AP, Santos JND. Ortleppascaris sp. and your host Rhinella marina: A proteomic view into a nematode-amphibian relationship. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-PARASITES AND WILDLIFE 2014; 3:118-23. [PMID: 25161910 PMCID: PMC4142271 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Rhinella marina is a synanthropic amphibian that offers great possibilities for the study of parasite–host relations. A complex protein profile, including neuroendocrine proteins indicating intense stress in the liver of the host. Important aspects of the host’s immune response plasticity are shown. This study contributes to knowledge of the biochemical aspects of the helminth–host interface.
The success of the helminth–host relationship depends on a biochemical molecular arsenal. Perhaps the proteome is the largest and most important set of this weaponry, in which the proteins have a crucial role in vital processes to the parasite/host relationship, from basic metabolism and energy production to complex immune responses. Nowadays, the bioproducts expressed by the parasites are under the “spotlight” of immunoassays and biochemical analysis in helminthology, especially in proteomic analysis, which has provided valuable information about the physiology of the infecting agent. Looking into this point of view, why not turn to the infected agent as well? This study characterised the proteomic profile of fluid-filled fibrous cysts of encapsulated Ortleppascaris sp. larvae in the hepatic parenchyma of their intermediate host, the amphibian Rhinella marina. The proteins were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis and identified by MS with the aid of Peptide Mass Fingerprint. A total of 54 molecules were analysed in this system, revealing a complex protein profile with molecules related to basic metabolic processes of the parasite, energy production, oxi-reduction and oxidative stress processes as well as molecules related to the host response. This study contributes to proteomic studies of protein markers of the development, infectivity, virulence and co-existence of helminths and their hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jefferson Pereira E Silva
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Helminthology (Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Helmintologia) "Profa. Dra. Reinalda Marisa Lanfredi", Biological Sciences Institute (Instituto de Ciências Biológicas), Federal University of Pará (Universidade Federal do Pará), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Adriano Penha Furtado
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Helminthology (Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Helmintologia) "Profa. Dra. Reinalda Marisa Lanfredi", Biological Sciences Institute (Instituto de Ciências Biológicas), Federal University of Pará (Universidade Federal do Pará), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Jeannie Nascimento Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Helminthology (Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Helmintologia) "Profa. Dra. Reinalda Marisa Lanfredi", Biological Sciences Institute (Instituto de Ciências Biológicas), Federal University of Pará (Universidade Federal do Pará), Belém, Pará, Brazil
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Tang ZJ, Lue SI, Tsai MJ, Yu TL, Thiyagarajan V, Lee CH, Huang WT, Weng CF. The Hormonal Regulation of Color Changes in the Sexually Dichromatic FrogBuergeria robusta. Physiol Biochem Zool 2014; 87:397-410. [DOI: 10.1086/675678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Haslam IS, Roubos EW, Mangoni ML, Yoshizato K, Vaudry H, Kloepper JE, Pattwell DM, Maderson PFA, Paus R. From frog integument to human skin: dermatological perspectives from frog skin biology. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2013; 89:618-55. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iain S. Haslam
- The Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Institute of Inflammation and Repair; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PT U.K
| | - Eric W. Roubos
- Department of Anatomy; Radboud University Medical Centre; Geert Grooteplein Noord 2, 6525 EZ, Nijmegen P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Maria Luisa Mangoni
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti; La Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5-00185; Rome Italy
| | - Katsutoshi Yoshizato
- Academic Advisors Office, Synthetic Biology Research Center; Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine; Osaka Japan
- Phoenixbio Co. Ltd; 3-4-1, Kagamiyama; Higashihiroshima Hiroshima 739-0046 Japan
| | - Hubert Vaudry
- European Institute for Peptide Research; University of Rouen; Mont-Saint-Aignan Place Emile Blondel 76821 France
- INSERM U-982, CNRS; University of Rouen; Mont-Saint-Aignan Place Emile Blondel 76821 France
| | - Jennifer E. Kloepper
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Venerologie; Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Ratzeburger Allee 160; 23538 Lübeck Germany
| | - David M. Pattwell
- Leahurst Campus, Institute of Learning & Teaching; School of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool; Neston CH64 7TE U.K
| | | | - Ralf Paus
- The Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Institute of Inflammation and Repair; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PT U.K
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Venerologie; Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Ratzeburger Allee 160; 23538 Lübeck Germany
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Jenks BG, Kuribara M, Kidane AH, Kramer BMR, Roubos EW, Scheenen WJJM. The role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the regulation of cell growth and gene expression in melanotrope cells of Xenopus laevis. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2012; 177:315-21. [PMID: 22248443 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2012.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2011] [Revised: 01/01/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is, despite its name, also found outside the central nervous system (CNS), but the functional significance of this observation is largely unknown. This review concerns the expression of BDNF in the pituitary gland. While the presence of the neurotrophin in the mammalian pituitary gland is well documented its functional significance remains obscure. Studies on the pars intermedia of the pituitary of the amphibian Xenopus laevis have shown that BDNF is produced by the neuroendocrine melanotrope cells, its expression is physiologically regulated, and the melanotrope cells themselves express receptors for the neurotrophin. The neurotrophin has been shown to act as an autocrine factor on the melanotrope to promote cell growth and regulate gene expression. In doing so BDNF supports the physiological function of the cell to produce and release α-melanophore-stimulating hormone for the purpose of adjusting the animal's skin color to that of its background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce G Jenks
- Department of Cellular Animal Physiology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Gáspár E, Nguyen-Thi KT, Hardenbicker C, Tiede S, Plate C, Bodó E, Knuever J, Funk W, Bíró T, Paus R. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone selectively stimulates human hair follicle pigmentation. J Invest Dermatol 2011; 131:2368-77. [PMID: 21956127 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2011.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In amphibians, thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulates skin melanophores by inducing secretion of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in the pituitary gland. However, it is unknown whether this tripeptide neurohormone exerts any direct effects on pigment cells, namely, on human melanocytes, under physiological conditions. Therefore, we have investigated whether TRH stimulates pigment production in organ-cultured human hair follicles (HFs), the epithelium of which expresses both TRH and its receptor, and/or in full-thickness human skin in situ. TRH stimulated melanin synthesis, tyrosinase transcription and activity, melanosome formation, melanocyte dendricity, gp100 immunoreactivity, and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor expression in human HFs in a pituitary gland-independent manner. TRH also stimulated proliferation, gp100 expression, tyrosinase activity, and dendricity of isolated human HF melanocytes. However, intraepidermal melanogenesis was unaffected. As TRH upregulated the intrafollicular production of "pituitary" neurohormones (proopiomelanocortin transcription and ACTH immunoreactivity) and as agouti-signaling protein counteracted TRH-induced HF pigmentation, these pigmentary TRH effects may be mediated in part by locally generated melanocortins and/or by MC-1 signaling. Our study introduces TRH as a novel, potent, selective, and evolutionarily highly conserved neuroendocrine factor controlling human pigmentation in situ. This physiologically relevant and melanocyte sub-population-specific neuroendocrine control of human pigmentation deserves clinical exploration, e.g., for preventing or reversing hair graying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erzsébet Gáspár
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Kuribara M, van Bakel NHM, Ramekers D, de Gouw D, Neijts R, Roubos EW, Scheenen WJJM, Martens GJM, Jenks BG. Gene expression profiling of pituitary melanotrope cells during their physiological activation. J Cell Physiol 2011; 227:288-96. [PMID: 21412779 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The pituitary melanotrope cells of the amphibian Xenopus laevis are responsible for the production of the pigment-dispersing peptide α-melanophore-stimulating hormone, which allows the animal to adapt its skin color to its environment. During adaptation to a dark background the melanotrope cells undergo remarkable changes characterized by dramatic increases in cell size and secretory activity. In this study we performed microarray mRNA expression profiling to identify genes important to melanotrope activation and growth. We show a strong increase in the expression of the immediate early gene (IEG) c-Fos and of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene (BDNF). Furthermore, we demonstrate the involvement of another IEG in the adaptation process, Nur77, and conclude from in vitro experiments that the expression of both c-Fos and Nur77 are partially regulated by the adenylyl cyclase system and calcium ions. In addition, we found a steady up-regulation of Ras-like product during the adaptation process, possibly evoked by BDNF/TrkB signaling. Finally, the gene encoding the 105-kDa heat shock protein HSPh1 was transiently up-regulated in the course of black-background adaptation and a gene product homologous to ferritin (ferritin-like product) was >100-fold up-regulated in fully black-adapted animals. We suggest that these latter two genes are induced in response to cellular stress and that they may be involved in changing the mode of mRNA translation required to meet the increased demand for de novo protein synthesis. Together, our results show that microarray analysis is a valuable approach to identify the genes responsible for generating coordinated responses in physiologically activated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyuki Kuribara
- Department of Cellular Animal Physiology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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