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Xu L, Jiang HB, Yu JL, Wang JJ. Plasticity of the olfactory behaviors in Bactrocera dorsalis under various physiological states and environmental conditions. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2024; 63:101196. [PMID: 38555081 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2024.101196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Insects rely heavily on their olfactory system for various behaviors, including foraging, mating, and oviposition. Numerous studies have demonstrated that insects can adjust their olfactory behaviors in response to different physiological states and environmental conditions. This flexibility allows them to perceive and process odorants according to different conditions. The Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis, is a highly destructive and invasive pest causing significant economic losses to fruit and vegetable crops worldwide. The olfactory behavior of B. dorsalis exhibits strong plasticity, resulting in its successful invasion. To enhance our understanding of B. dorsalis' olfactory behavior and explore potential strategies for behavior control, we have reviewed recent literature on its olfactory plasticity and potential molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hong-Bo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jie-Ling Yu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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2
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Force E, Couzi P, Dacher M, Debernard S. Diet Impacts the Reproductive System's Maturation in the Male Moth Agrotis ipsilon (Noctuidae, Lepidoptera). JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 148:104532. [PMID: 37353192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2023.104532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
In male moth Agrotis ipsilon, sexual maturation occurs between the third and the fifth day of adult life and is characterized by the development of the reproductive organs such as testes and accessory sex glands. Since sexual maturation requires considerable energy investment, we hypothesized that diet would be an essential regulatory factor in this developmental process. Indeed, the links between the male diet and reproductive physiology have not been described as in females. To test the previous hypothesis, we offered male moths diets corresponding to different flower nectars found in nature, and measured morphological and functional changes in the testes and accessory sex glands. In comparison to a diet composed of sucrose only, males fed with a diet composed of diverse sugars, including glucose, supplemented with sodium led to an earlier increase in the length and the protein content of accessory sex glands, as well as a reduction of the testicular volume accompanied by an acceleration of the sperm bundle transfer from the testes to the duplex. These results show that these specific diets accelerate the maturation of the reproductive system in male moth Agrotis ipsilon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Force
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Est Créteil, INRAE, CNRS, IRD, Institute for Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, iEES Paris, F-78026 Versailles, France; Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Est Créteil, INRAE, CNRS, IRD, Institute for Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, iEES Paris, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - Philippe Couzi
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Est Créteil, INRAE, CNRS, IRD, Institute for Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, iEES Paris, F-78026 Versailles, France
| | - Matthieu Dacher
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Est Créteil, INRAE, CNRS, IRD, Institute for Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, iEES Paris, F-78026 Versailles, France; Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Est Créteil, INRAE, CNRS, IRD, Institute for Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, iEES Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Debernard
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Est Créteil, INRAE, CNRS, IRD, Institute for Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, iEES Paris, F-75005 Paris, France.
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Connahs H, Tan EJ, Ter YT, Dion E, Matsuoka Y, Bear A, Monteiro A. The yellow gene regulates behavioural plasticity by repressing male courtship in Bicyclus anynana butterflies. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20212665. [PMID: 35382598 PMCID: PMC8984812 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.2665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Seasonal plasticity in male courtship in Bicyclus anynana butterflies is due to variation in levels of the steroid hormone 20E (20-hydroxyecdysone) during pupation. Wet season (WS) males have high levels of 20E and become active courters. Dry season (DS) males have lower levels of 20E and reduced courtship rates. However, WS courtship rates can be achieved if DS male pupae are injected with 20E at 30% of pupation. Here, we investigated the genes involved in male courtship plasticity and examined whether 20E plays an organizational role in the pupal brain that later influences the sexual behaviour of adults. We show that DS pupal brains have a sevenfold upregulation of the yellow gene relative to the WS brains, and that knocking out yellow leads to increased male courtship. We find that injecting 20E into DS pupa reduced yellow expression although not significantly. Our results show that yellow is a repressor of the neural circuity for male courtship behaviour in B. anynana. 20E levels experienced during pupation could play an organizational role during pupal brain development by regulating yellow expression, however, other factors might also be involved. Our findings are in striking contrast to Drosophila where yellow is required for male courtship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Connahs
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543
| | - Eunice Jingmei Tan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543.,Yale-NUS College, 16 College Avenue West, Singapore 138527
| | - Yi Ting Ter
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543
| | - Emilie Dion
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543
| | - Yuji Matsuoka
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543
| | - Ashley Bear
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, CT 06511, USA
| | - Antónia Monteiro
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543.,Yale-NUS College, 16 College Avenue West, Singapore 138527
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4
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Durand N, Aguilar P, Demondion E, Bourgeois T, Bozzolan F, Debernard S. Neuroligin 1 expression is linked to plasticity of behavioral and neuronal responses to sex pheromone in the male moth Agrotis ipsilon. J Exp Biol 2021; 224:273481. [PMID: 34647597 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.243184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In the moth Agrotis ipsilon, the behavioral response of males to the female-emitted sex pheromone increases throughout adult life and following a prior exposure to sex pheromone, whereas it is temporally inhibited after the onset of mating. This behavioral flexibility is paralleled with changes in neuronal sensitivity to pheromone signal within the primary olfactory centers, the antennal lobes. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that neuroligins, post-synaptic transmembrane proteins known to act as mediators of neuronal remodeling, are involved in the olfactory modulation in A. ipsilon males. We cloned a full-length cDNA encoding neuroligin 1, which is expressed predominantly in brain and especially in antennal lobes. The level of neuroligin 1 expression in antennal lobes gradually raised from day-2 until day-4 of adult life, as well as at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h following pre-exposure to sex pheromone, and the temporal dynamic of these changes correlated with increased sex pheromone responsiveness. By contrast, there was no significant variation in antennal lobe neuroligin 1 expression during the post-mating refractory period. Taken together, these results highlight that age- and odor experience-related increase in sex pheromone responsiveness is linked to the overexpression of neuroligin 1 in antennal lobes, thus suggesting a potential role played by this post-synaptic cell-adhesion molecule in mediating the plasticity of the central olfactory system in A. ipsilon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Durand
- FRE CNRS 3498, Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés, Université de Picardie, Jules Verne, 80039 Amiens, France
| | - Paleo Aguilar
- Institute of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcon, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elodie Demondion
- Sorbonne Université, INRA, CNRS, UPEC, IRD, Univ. P7, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, 78026 Versailles, France
| | - Thomas Bourgeois
- Sorbonne Université, INRA, CNRS, UPEC, IRD, Univ. P7, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, 78026 Versailles, France
| | - Françoise Bozzolan
- Sorbonne Université, INRA, CNRS, UPEC, IRD, Univ. P7, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Debernard
- Sorbonne Université, INRA, CNRS, UPEC, IRD, Univ. P7, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, 75005 Paris, France
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Ramezani M, Hasani M, Ramezani F, Karimi Abdolmaleki M. Cucurbitacins: A Focus on Cucurbitacin E As A Natural Product and Their Biological Activities. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.34172/ps.2020.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
For the last years, different types of cucurbitacins have been extracted from various species of Cucurbitaceae family. For this review, all related papers were accumulated by searching electronic databases in the English language, including PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The keywords of cucurbitacin, cucumber anticancer therapy, cytotoxic effects, chemotherapy, and inhibitor effect were searched until February 2020. According to the result of this review, cucurbitacin E as a tetracyclic triterpenes compound, has been exhibited cell cycle arrest, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. It showed tumor proliferation prevention, induction of apoptosis or synergistically acts with other established antitumor compounds and cytokines throughout many molecular mechanisms. In a function-structure association manner, cucurbitacin E can inhibit Janus kinas2 (JAK2) phosphorylation, the signal transducer activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and subsequently block these pathways, which seems to be the main mechanism of its activity. Future studies could target its detection in uninvestigated sources, subsequently its derivatives to improve their anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fatemeh Ramezani
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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Zhang J, Li H, Tan J, Wei P, Yu S, Liu R, Gao J. Transcriptome profiling analysis of the intoxication response in midgut tissue of Agrotis ipsilon larvae to Bacillus thuringiensis Vip3Aa protoxin. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 160:20-29. [PMID: 31519254 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Vip insecticidal proteins are produced by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) during its vegetative growth phase. In the present study, Vip3Aa11 and Vip3Aa39 proteins were investigated. These two proteins present 39 amino acid differential sites and they shared 95.06% amino acid sequence similarity. They are effective against some Lepidoptera insect larvae. In a previous study, using artificial diet bioassays, we estimated the LC50 of Vip3Aa11 and Vip3Aa39 strains against Agrotis ipsilon larvae were 73.41 μg/mL (with 95% confidence interval of 2.34-11.19) and 5.43 μg/mL (with 95% confidence interval of 43.20-115.03), respectively. To investigate the response of Agrotis ipsilon transcriptome in defending against Vip3Aa11 and Vip3Aa39 toxins, we performed high-throughput RNA-sequencing on cDNA generated from the midguts of Agrotis ipsilon larvae that consumed a control diet (CK-M-A), Vip3Aa11 (Vip3Aa11-M-A) and Vip3Aa39 (Vip3Aa39-M-A) proteins. We generated about 98.87 Gb bases in total on BGISEQ-500 sequencing platform. After assembling all samples together and filtering the abundance, we got 51,887 unigenes, the total length, average length, N50 and GC content of unigenes are 64,523,651 bp, 1243 bp, 2330 bp and 41.81% respectively. We revealed 558 midgut genes differential expressed in Vip3Aa11-M-A and 65 midgut genes differentially expressed in Vip3Aa39-M-A. The differentially expressed genes were enriched for serine proteases and potential Bt Vip toxin midgut receptor genes. Eleven serine proteases related genes and 13 Bt toxin potential receptor genes with differential expression were found. Based on transcriptome profiling, we focused on validation the sensitivity of these two Vip3Aa proteins to trypsin and their binding properties to Agrotis ipsilon midgut BBMV (Brush Border Membrane Vesicles). The results show that the sensitivity of the two proteins to trypsin is similar. Binding experiments revealed that both proteins can bind to Agrotis ipsilon midgut BBMV, and there is a competitive binding between them. This transcriptome dataset provided a comprehensive sequence resource of Agrotis ipsilon and provides a foundation for comparative studies with other species of insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Zhang
- Northeast Agricultural University, HarBin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Li
- Northeast Agricultural University, HarBin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiali Tan
- Northeast Agricultural University, HarBin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Panpan Wei
- Northeast Agricultural University, HarBin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Yu
- Northeast Agricultural University, HarBin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongmei Liu
- Northeast Agricultural University, HarBin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiguo Gao
- Northeast Agricultural University, HarBin 150030, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Gassias E, Durand N, Demondion E, Bourgeois T, Aguilar P, Bozzolan F, Debernard S. A critical role for Dop1-mediated dopaminergic signaling in the plasticity of behavioral and neuronal responses to sex pheromone in a moth. J Exp Biol 2019; 222:jeb.211979. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.211979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Most animal species, including insects, are able to modulate their responses to sexual chemosignals and this flexibility originates from the remodeling of olfactory areas under the influence of dopaminergic system. In the moth Agrotis ipsilon, the behavioral response of males to the female-emitted sex pheromone increases throughout adult life and after a prior exposure to pheromone signal and this change is accompanied by an increase in neuronal sensitivity within the primary olfactory centers, the antennal lobes (ALs). To identify the underlying neuromodulatory mechanisms, we examined whether this age- and experience-dependent olfactory plasticity is mediated by dopamine (DA) through the Dop1 receptor, an ortholog of the vertebrate D1-type dopamine receptors, which is positively coupled to adenylyl cyclase. We cloned A. ipsilon Dop1 (AiDop1) which is expressed predominantly in brain and especially in ALs and its knockdown induced decreased AL cAMP amounts and altered sex pheromone-orientated flight. The levels of DA, AiDop1 expression and cAMP in ALs increased from the third day of adult life and at 24h and 48h following pre-exposure to sex pheromone and the dynamic of these changes correlated with the increased responsiveness to sex pheromone. These results demonstrate that Dop1 is required for the display of male sexual behavior and that age- and experience-related neuronal and behavioral changes are sustained by DA-Dop1 signaling that operates within ALs probably through cAMP-dependent mechanisms in A. ipsilon. Thus, this study expands our understanding of the neuromodulatory mechanisms underlying olfactory plasticity, mechanisms that appear to be highly conserved between insects and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmundo Gassias
- Institute of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcon, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicolas Durand
- FRE CNRS 3498, Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés, Université de Picardie, Jules Verne, 80039 Amiens, France
| | - Elodie Demondion
- Sorbonne Université, INRA, CNRS, UPEC, IRD, Univ. P7, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, 78026 Versailles, France
| | - Thomas Bourgeois
- Sorbonne Université, INRA, CNRS, UPEC, IRD, Univ. P7, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, 78026 Versailles, France
| | - Paleo Aguilar
- Institute of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcon, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Françoise Bozzolan
- Sorbonne Université, INRA, CNRS, UPEC, IRD, Univ. P7, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Debernard
- Sorbonne Université, INRA, CNRS, UPEC, IRD, Univ. P7, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, 75005 Paris, France
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Gassias E, Durand N, Demondion E, Bourgeois T, Bozzolan F, Debernard S. The insect HR38 nuclear receptor, a member of the NR4A subfamily, is a synchronizer of reproductive activity in a moth. FEBS J 2018; 285:4019-4040. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.14648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolas Durand
- Département d'Ecologie Sensorielle UMR 1392 Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris Université Paris VI France
| | - Elodie Demondion
- Département d'Ecologie Sensorielle UMR 1392 Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris INRA Versailles France
| | - Thomas Bourgeois
- Département d'Ecologie Sensorielle UMR 1392 Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris INRA Versailles France
| | - Françoise Bozzolan
- Département d'Ecologie Sensorielle UMR 1392 Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris Université Paris VI France
| | - Stéphane Debernard
- Département d'Ecologie Sensorielle UMR 1392 Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris Université Paris VI France
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9
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Diesner M, Gallot A, Binz H, Gaertner C, Vitecek S, Kahnt J, Schachtner J, Jacquin-Joly E, Gadenne C. Mating-Induced Differential Peptidomics of Neuropeptides and Protein Hormones in Agrotis ipsilon Moths. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:1397-1414. [PMID: 29466015 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In many insects, mating induces drastic changes in male and female responses to sex pheromones or host-plant odors. In the male moth Agrotis ipsilon, mating induces a transient inhibition of behavioral and neuronal responses to the female sex pheromone. As neuropeptides and peptide hormones regulate most behavioral processes, we hypothesize that they could be involved in this mating-dependent olfactory plasticity. Here we used next-generation RNA sequencing and a combination of liquid chromatography, matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry, and direct tissue profiling to analyze the transcriptome and peptidome of different brain compartments in virgin and mated males and females of A. ipsilon. We identified 37 transcripts encoding putative neuropeptide precursors and 54 putative bioactive neuropeptides from 23 neuropeptide precursors (70 sequences in total, 25 neuropeptide precursors) in different areas of the central nervous system including the antennal lobes, the gnathal ganglion, and the corpora cardiaca-corpora allata complex. Comparisons between virgin and mated males and females revealed tissue-specific differences in peptide composition between sexes and according to physiological state. Mated males showed postmating differences in neuropeptide occurrence, which could participate in the mating-induced olfactory plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Diesner
- Department of Biology - Animal Physiology , Philipps University Marburg , D-35032 Marburg , Germany
| | - Aurore Gallot
- Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris (UMR iEES-Paris) , INRA , Route de Saint-Cyr , 78026 Versailles Cedex , France
| | - Hellena Binz
- Institute of Zoology , University of Mainz , Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 6 , 55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Cyril Gaertner
- Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris (UMR iEES-Paris) , INRA , Route de Saint-Cyr , 78026 Versailles Cedex , France
| | - Simon Vitecek
- Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris (UMR iEES-Paris) , INRA , Route de Saint-Cyr , 78026 Versailles Cedex , France
| | - Jörg Kahnt
- Max-Planck-Institute für terrestrische Mikrobiologie, Marburg , Germany
| | - Joachim Schachtner
- Department of Biology - Animal Physiology , Philipps University Marburg , D-35032 Marburg , Germany
| | - Emmanuelle Jacquin-Joly
- Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris (UMR iEES-Paris) , INRA , Route de Saint-Cyr , 78026 Versailles Cedex , France
| | - Christophe Gadenne
- Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (UMR IGEPP) , INRA , Agrocampus Ouest, rue Le Nôtre , 49054 Angers cedex 01 , France
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10
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Garg S, Kaul SC, Wadhwa R. Cucurbitacin B and cancer intervention: Chemistry, biology and mechanisms (Review). Int J Oncol 2017; 52:19-37. [PMID: 29138804 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most important healthcare matters, with the worst prognosis but the best possibilities for scientific development. It is likely to increase in the future and cause global havoc designating it as an epidemic. Cancer development requires urgent intervention. Past few decades have witnessed extensive research to challenge carcinogenesis. Treatment involving synthetic discipline is often associated with severe adverse effects, or even worsened prognosis. Accordingly, newer economic and patient friendly molecules are warranted. Many natural substances have proved their potential so far. Cucurbitacin B against cancer and other diseases has achieved towering popularity among the researchers around the world, as detailed in the below sections with summarized tables. In line with the fascinating role of cucurbitacin B against various types of cancers, through various molecular signaling pathways, it is justifiable to propose cucurbitacin B as a mainline chemotherapy before the onset and after the diagnosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukant Garg
- Drug Discovery and Assets Innovation Lab, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
| | - Sunil C Kaul
- Drug Discovery and Assets Innovation Lab, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
| | - Renu Wadhwa
- Drug Discovery and Assets Innovation Lab, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
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11
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Bozzolan F, Durand N, Demondion E, Bourgeois T, Gassias E, Debernard S. Evidence for a role of oestrogen receptor-related receptor in the regulation of male sexual behaviour in the moth Agrotis ipsilon. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 26:403-413. [PMID: 28370607 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The oestrogen receptor-related receptors (ERRs) are orphan nuclear receptors that were originally identified on the basis of their close homology to the oestrogen receptors. The three mammalian ERR genes participate in the regulation of vital physiological processes including reproduction, development and metabolic homeostasis. Although unique ERRs have been found in insects, data on the function and regulation of these receptors remain sparse. In the present study, a 2095-bp full-length cDNA encoding an ERR, termed AiERR, was isolated from males of the moth Agrotis ipsilon and deposited in the GenBank database under the accession number KT944662. The predicted AiERR protein shared an overall identity of 47-82% with other known insect and mammalian ERR homologues. AiERR exhibited a broad tissue expression pattern with the detection of one transcript of approximately 2 kb in the primary olfactory centres, the antennal lobes (AL). In adult males, the amount of AiERR mRNA in the AL increased concomitantly with age and responses to the female-emitted sex pheromone. Moreover, AiERR knockdown induced an inhibition in the sex pheromone-orientated flight of male. Using A. ipsilon as a model, our study demonstrates that the insect ERR is critical for the performance of male sexual behaviour, probably by acting on central pheromone processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bozzolan
- UMR 1392, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, Département d'Ecologie Sensorielle, Université Paris VI, Paris, France
| | - N Durand
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, INRA, Université d'Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - E Demondion
- UMR 1392, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, Département d'Ecologie Sensorielle, INRA, Versailles, France
| | - T Bourgeois
- UMR 1392, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, Département d'Ecologie Sensorielle, INRA, Versailles, France
| | - E Gassias
- Institut de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Debernard
- UMR 1392, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, Département d'Ecologie Sensorielle, Université Paris VI, Paris, France
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12
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Lee S, Kim YJ, Jones WD. Central peptidergic modulation of peripheral olfactory responses. BMC Biol 2017; 15:35. [PMID: 28476120 PMCID: PMC5420127 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-017-0374-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Animal olfactory systems detect volatile environmental chemicals and integrate this information to direct the discovery of food and mates as well as danger avoidance. Rather than remaining constant, olfactory response thresholds are modulated by internal and external cues to adapt odor-guided behaviors to changing conditions. Results Here, we show in Drosophila melanogaster that neuropeptide F (NPF) modulates the responses of a specific population of antennal olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) to food-derived odors. We show that knock-down of NPF in NPF neurons specifically reduces the responses of the ab3A neurons to ethyl butyrate, a volatile ester found in apples and other fruits. Knock-down of the NPF receptor (NPFR) in the ab3A neuron reduces their responses and disrupts the ability of the flies to locate food. We also identify a sexual dimorphism in ab3A responsiveness: ab3A neurons in females immediately post-eclosion are less responsive to ethyl butyrate than those of both age-matched males and older females. Not only does this change correlate with brain NPF levels, but also NPFR mutants show no such sexual dimorphism. Finally, by way of mechanism, we show that mutation of NPFR seems to cause intracellular clustering of OR22a, the odorant receptor expressed in the ab3A neurons. Conclusions Interestingly, this modulation of the peripheral odorant responsiveness of the ab3A neurons by NPF is distinct from the modulation of presynaptic gain in the ab3A neurons previously observed with the similarly named but distinct neuropeptide sNPF. Rather than affecting the strength of the output at the level of the first synapse in the antennal lobe, NPF-NPFR signaling may affect the process of odorant detection itself by causing intracellular OR clustering. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12915-017-0374-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sion Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Young-Joon Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Walton D Jones
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea.
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13
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Steroid hormone signaling during development has a latent effect on adult male sexual behavior in the butterfly Bicyclus anynana. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174403. [PMID: 28328961 PMCID: PMC5362226 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that steroid hormones regulate sexual behavior in vertebrates via organizational and activational effects. However, whether the organizational/activational paradigm applies more broadly to the sexual behavior of other animals such as insects is not well established. Here we describe the hormonal regulation of a sexual behavior in the seasonally polyphenic butterfly Bicyclus anynana is consistent with the characteristics of an organizational effect. By measuring hormone titer levels, quantifying hormone receptor gene expression in the brain, and performing hormone manipulations, we demonstrate steroid hormone signaling early in pupal development has a latent effect on adult male sexual behavior in B. anynana. These findings suggest the organizational/activational paradigm may be more highly conserved across animal taxa than previously thought.
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14
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Abrieux A, Mhamdi A, Rabhi KK, Egon J, Debernard S, Duportets L, Tricoire-Leignel H, Anton S, Gadenne C. An Insecticide Further Enhances Experience-Dependent Increased Behavioural Responses to Sex Pheromone in a Pest Insect. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167469. [PMID: 27902778 PMCID: PMC5130270 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonicotinoid insecticides are widely used to protect plants against pest insects, and insecticide residues remaining in the environment affect both target and non-target organisms. Whereas low doses of neonicotinoids have been shown to disturb the behaviour of pollinating insects, recent studies have revealed that a low dose of the neonicotinoid clothianidin can improve behavioural and neuronal sex pheromone responses in a pest insect, the male moth Agrotis ipsilon, and thus potentially improve reproduction. As male moth behaviour depends also on its physiological state and previous experience with sensory signals, we wondered if insecticide effects would be dependent on plasticity of olfactory-guided behaviour. We investigated, using wind tunnel experiments, whether a brief pre-exposure to the sex pheromone could enhance the behavioural response to this important signal in the moth A. ipsilon at different ages (sexually immature and mature males) and after different delays (2 h and 24 h), and if the insecticide clothianidin would interfere with age effects or the potential pre-exposure-effects. Brief pre-exposure to the pheromone induced an age-independent significant increase of sex pheromone responses 24 h later, whereas sex pheromone responses did not increase significantly 2 h after exposure. However, response delays were significantly shorter compared to naïve males already two hours after exposure. Oral treatment with clothianidin increased sex pheromone responses in sexually mature males, confirming previous results, but did not influence responses in young immature males. Males treated with clothianidin after pre-exposure at day 4 responded significantly more to the sex pheromone at day 5 than males treated with clothianidin only and than males pre-exposed only, revealing an additive effect of experience and the insecticide. Plasticity of sensory systems has thus to be taken into account when investigating the effects of sublethal doses of insecticides on behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Abrieux
- Neuroéthologie-RCIM, INRA-Université d’Angers, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Amel Mhamdi
- Neuroéthologie-RCIM, INRA-Université d’Angers, Beaucouzé, France
| | | | - Julie Egon
- Neuroéthologie-RCIM, INRA-Université d’Angers, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Stéphane Debernard
- Département d’Ecologie Sensorielle, Institut d’Ecologie et des Sciences de l’Environnement (IEES), Paris, France
| | - Line Duportets
- Département d’Ecologie Sensorielle, Institut d’Ecologie et des Sciences de l’Environnement (IEES), Paris, France
- Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | | | - Sylvia Anton
- Neuroéthologie-RCIM, INRA-Université d’Angers, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Christophe Gadenne
- Neuroéthologie-RCIM, INRA-Université d’Angers, Beaucouzé, France
- * E-mail:
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15
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Gadenne C, Barrozo RB, Anton S. Plasticity in Insect Olfaction: To Smell or Not to Smell? ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2016; 61:317-333. [PMID: 26982441 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-010715-023523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In insects, olfaction plays a crucial role in many behavioral contexts, such as locating food, sexual partners, and oviposition sites. To successfully perform such behaviors, insects must respond to chemical stimuli at the right moment. Insects modulate their olfactory system according to their physiological state upon interaction with their environment. Here, we review the plasticity of behavioral responses to different odor types according to age, feeding state, circadian rhythm, and mating status. We also summarize what is known about the underlying neural and endocrinological mechanisms, from peripheral detection to central nervous integration, and cover neuromodulation from the molecular to the behavioral level. We describe forms of olfactory plasticity that have contributed to the evolutionary success of insects and have provided them with remarkable tools to adapt to their ever-changing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Gadenne
- Neuroéthologie-RCIM, INRA-Université d'Angers, UPRES EA 2647 USC INRA 1330, 49071 Beaucouzé cedex, France; ,
| | - Romina B Barrozo
- Laboratorio de Fisiología de Insectos, DBBE, FCEyN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, IBBEA, CONICET-UBA, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina;
| | - Sylvia Anton
- Neuroéthologie-RCIM, INRA-Université d'Angers, UPRES EA 2647 USC INRA 1330, 49071 Beaucouzé cedex, France; ,
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16
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Age and aggregation trigger mating behaviour in the small hive beetle, Aethina tumida (Nitidulidae). Naturwissenschaften 2015; 102:49. [PMID: 26286322 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-015-1300-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the poorly documented reproductive behaviour of the small hive beetle, Aethina tumida (Nitidulidae), a honey bee (Apis mellifera) parasite. We described the mating behaviour in detail and tested the hypothesis that beetle aggregation plays a vital role in mating in this species. Gender preference was examined in the context of age-dependency and possible chemical communication. Beetles started mating at a high frequency 18 days after emergence from the soil but only if they were aggregated (p < 0.001); mating was infrequent when beetles were paired. Males in aggregation also tried to copulate with males and only copulated more frequently with females at 18 days after emergence from soil (p < 0.001) in contrast to newly emerged, 7-day-old and 60-day-old beetles. Males and females spent more time in social contact with the opposite sex (p < 0.01) when they were 18 days old in contrast to 7-day-old beetles. Filter papers which had been in contact with 21-day-old beetles were highly attractive to similar-aged beetles of the opposite sex (p < 0.01). This suggests that chemical substances produced by the beetles themselves play a role in mating. Mating behaviour was characterised by a short pre-copulation courtship and female aggression towards other females and copulating couples. Both behaviours may be indicative of cryptic female choice. Delayed onset of reproductive behaviour is typical of many polygamous species, whilst the indispensability of aggregation for onset of sexual behaviour seems to be a feature unique to A. tumida. Both strategies support mass reproduction in this parasitic species, enabling A. tumida to overcome its honey bee host colony, and are probably triggered by chemotactic cues..
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17
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Stamps JA. Individual differences in behavioural plasticities. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2015; 91:534-67. [PMID: 25865135 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Interest in individual differences in animal behavioural plasticities has surged in recent years, but research in this area has been hampered by semantic confusion as different investigators use the same terms (e.g. plasticity, flexibility, responsiveness) to refer to different phenomena. The first goal of this review is to suggest a framework for categorizing the many different types of behavioural plasticities, describe examples of each, and indicate why using reversibility as a criterion for categorizing behavioural plasticities is problematic. This framework is then used to address a number of timely questions about individual differences in behavioural plasticities. One set of questions concerns the experimental designs that can be used to study individual differences in various types of behavioural plasticities. Although within-individual designs are the default option for empirical studies of many types of behavioural plasticities, in some situations (e.g. when experience at an early age affects the behaviour expressed at subsequent ages), 'replicate individual' designs can provide useful insights into individual differences in behavioural plasticities. To date, researchers using within-individual and replicate individual designs have documented individual differences in all of the major categories of behavioural plasticities described herein. Another important question is whether and how different types of behavioural plasticities are related to one another. Currently there is empirical evidence that many behavioural plasticities [e.g. contextual plasticity, learning rates, IIV (intra-individual variability), endogenous plasticities, ontogenetic plasticities) can themselves vary as a function of experiences earlier in life, that is, many types of behavioural plasticity are themselves developmentally plastic. These findings support the assumption that differences among individuals in prior experiences may contribute to individual differences in behavioural plasticities observed at a given age. Several authors have predicted correlations across individuals between different types of behavioural plasticities, i.e. that some individuals will be generally more plastic than others. However, empirical support for most of these predictions, including indirect evidence from studies of relationships between personality traits and plasticities, is currently sparse and equivocal. The final section of this review suggests how an appreciation of the similarities and differences between different types of behavioural plasticities may help theoreticians formulate testable models to explain the evolution of individual differences in behavioural plasticities and the evolutionary and ecological consequences of individual differences in behavioural plasticities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy A Stamps
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A
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18
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Bozzolan F, Duportets L, Limousin D, Wycke MA, Demondion E, François A, Abrieux A, Debernard S. Synaptotagmin I, a molecular target for steroid hormone signaling controlling the maturation of sexual behavior in an insect. FEBS J 2015; 282:1432-44. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.13231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Françoise Bozzolan
- Département d'Ecologie Sensorielle; UMR 1392; Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris; Université Paris VI; France
| | - Line Duportets
- Département d'Ecologie Sensorielle; UMR 1392; Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris; Université Paris VI; France
- Service d'Enseignement de Biologie Animale; Université Paris-Sud; Orsay France
| | - Denis Limousin
- Département d'Ecologie Sensorielle; UMR 1392; Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris; INRA; Versailles France
| | - Marie-Anne Wycke
- Département d'Ecologie Sensorielle; UMR 1392; Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris; INRA; Versailles France
| | - Elodie Demondion
- Département d'Ecologie Sensorielle; UMR 1392; Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris; INRA; Versailles France
| | - Adrien François
- INRA; UR1197; Jouy-en-Josas France
- Université de Versailles; France
| | - Antoine Abrieux
- Laboratoire Récepteurs et Canaux Ioniques Membranaires (RCIM); Université d'Angers; UPRES-EA 2647 USC INRA 1330; France
| | - Stéphane Debernard
- Département d'Ecologie Sensorielle; UMR 1392; Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris; Université Paris VI; France
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The trap of sex in social insects: From the female to the male perspective. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2014; 46 Pt 4:519-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Abrieux A, Duportets L, Debernard S, Gadenne C, Anton S. The GPCR membrane receptor, DopEcR, mediates the actions of both dopamine and ecdysone to control sex pheromone perception in an insect. Front Behav Neurosci 2014; 8:312. [PMID: 25309365 PMCID: PMC4162375 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfactory information mediating sexual behavior is crucial for reproduction in many animals, including insects. In male moths, the macroglomerular complex (MGC) of the primary olfactory center, the antennal lobe (AL) is specialized in the treatment of information on the female-emitted sex pheromone. Evidence is accumulating that modulation of behavioral pheromone responses occurs through neuronal plasticity via the action of hormones and/or catecholamines. We recently showed that a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), AipsDopEcR, with its homologue known in Drosophila for its double affinity to the main insect steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), and dopamine (DA), present in the ALs, is involved in the behavioral response to pheromone in the moth, Agrotis ipsilon. Here we tested the role of AipsDopEcR as compared to nuclear 20E receptors in central pheromone processing combining receptor inhibition with intracellular recordings of AL neurons. We show that the sensitivity of AL neurons for the pheromone in males decreases strongly after AipsDopEcR-dsRNA injection but also after inhibition of nuclear 20E receptors. Moreover we tested the involvement of 20E and DA in the receptor-mediated behavioral modulation in wind tunnel experiments, using ligand applications and receptor inhibition treatments. We show that both ligands are necessary and act on AipsDopEcR-mediated behavior. Altogether these results indicate that the GPCR membrane receptor, AipsDopEcR, controls sex pheromone perception through the action of both 20E and DA in the central nervous system, probably in concert with 20E action through nuclear receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Abrieux
- Neuroéthologie-RCIM, INRA/Université d'Angers, UPRES-EA 2647 USC INRA 1330, SFR QUASAV 4207 Beaucouzé, France ; Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement IEES Paris, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR 7618 Paris, France
| | - Line Duportets
- Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement IEES Paris, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR 7618 Paris, France ; Service d'Enseignement de Biologie Animale, Université Paris-Sud Orsay, France
| | - Stéphane Debernard
- Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement IEES Paris, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR 7618 Paris, France
| | - Christophe Gadenne
- Neuroéthologie-RCIM, INRA/Université d'Angers, UPRES-EA 2647 USC INRA 1330, SFR QUASAV 4207 Beaucouzé, France
| | - Sylvia Anton
- Neuroéthologie-RCIM, INRA/Université d'Angers, UPRES-EA 2647 USC INRA 1330, SFR QUASAV 4207 Beaucouzé, France
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Involvement of the G-protein-coupled dopamine/ecdysteroid receptor DopEcR in the behavioral response to sex pheromone in an insect. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72785. [PMID: 24023771 PMCID: PMC3762930 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Most animals including insects rely on olfaction to find their mating partners. In moths, males are attracted by female-produced sex pheromones inducing stereotyped sexual behavior. The behaviorally relevant olfactory information is processed in the primary olfactory centre, the antennal lobe (AL). Evidence is now accumulating that modulation of sex-linked behavioral output occurs through neuronal plasticity via the action of hormones and/or catecholamines. A G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) binding to 20-hydroxyecdysone, the main insect steroid hormone, and dopamine, has been identified in Drosophila (DmDopEcR), and was suggested to modulate neuronal signaling. In the male moth Agrotis ipsilon, the behavioral and central nervous responses to pheromone are age-dependent. To further unveil the mechanisms of this olfactory plasticity, we searched for DopEcR and tested its potential role in the behavioral response to sex pheromone in A. ipsilon males. Our results show that A. ipsilon DopEcR (named AipsDopEcR) is predominantly expressed in the nervous system. The corresponding protein was detected immunohistochemically in the ALs and higher brain centers including the mushroom bodies. Moreover, AipsDopEcR expression increased with age. Using a strategy of RNA interference, we also show that silencing of AipsDopEcR inhibited the behavioral response to sex pheromone in wind tunnel experiments. Altogether our results indicate that this GPCR is involved in the expression of sexual behavior in the male moth, probably by modulating the central nervous processing of sex pheromone through the action of one or both of its ligands.
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