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Salim EI, Elbassuny MI, Mahfouz ME, El Nashar EM, Alghamdi MA, El-Nablaway M, Selim HM. Promoting effect of Sunset Yellow on N-methyl N-nitrosourea-induced rat mammary carcinogenesis: Implications of molecular mechanisms. Toxicol Lett 2024:S0378-4274(24)01095-6. [PMID: 39197506 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2024.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nowadays, the use of food additives, such as Sunset Yellow (SY), is growing, which attracted attention to the potential relationship between some diseases and food additives. AIM The study aimed to investigate the role of Sunset Yellow during chemically-induced mammary gland carcinogenesis in Sprague-Dawley rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three groups of female rats were intraperitoneally administered with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU). Group 1 was set on a basal diet. Group 2 was treated with 161.4mg\kg\day Sunset Yellow (SY). Group 3 was given SY at 80.7mg\kg\day. Groups 4-6 were not administered MNU; Group 4 received vehicles only. Groups 5 and 6 were administered SY similarly to groups 2 and 3 respectively. RESULTS Sunset Yellow at both doses exerted a significant dose-dependent increase in tumor incidences, multiplicities, volumes, and decreased tumor latency as compared with control. Immunolabeling indexes of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen, estrogen receptor alpha, and progesterone receptor were significantly increased after SY treatment. Oxidative stress markers, serum estrogen, progesterone, and prolactin levels were significantly modified by SY treatment. The mRNA expression of estrogen receptor alpha and epidermal growth factor was up-regulated in SY groups versus control. CONCLUSION Collectively, SY has significantly promoted MNU-induced mammary tumors in rats with underlying mechanisms correlating SY consumption with estrogen disruption and subsequent antioxidative stress discrepancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsayed I Salim
- Tanta University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Research Lab. of Molecular Carcinogenesis. Tanta, 31527- Egypt.
| | - Malak I Elbassuny
- Tanta University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Research Lab. of Molecular Carcinogenesis. Tanta, 31527- Egypt
| | - Magdy E Mahfouz
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Eman M El Nashar
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 62524, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha A Alghamdi
- Department of General Surgery -breast oncology and endocrine surgery College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 62524
| | - Mohammad El-Nablaway
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University. Box 71666, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hend M Selim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
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Cortasa SA, Schmidt AR, Proietto S, Corso MC, Inserra PIF, Giorgio NPD, Lux-Lantos V, Vitullo AD, Halperin J, Dorfman VB. Hypothalamic GnRH expression and pulsatility depends on a balance of prolactin receptors in the plains vizcacha, Lagostomus maximus. J Comp Neurol 2023; 531:720-742. [PMID: 36716283 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In mammals, gestation is considered a physiological hyperprolactinemia status. Prolactin (PRL) is one of the modulators of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons function. The South American plains vizcacha (Lagostomus maximus) is a unique model to study the regulation of hypothalamic GnRH neurons by direct and indirect steroid-dependent pathways. The aim was to characterize the hypothalamic expression of endocrine markers in vizcacha during gestation as well as their response to experimental induced hyperprolactinemia. The possible involvement of PRL regulatory pathways on GnRH in the context of hypothalamic and pituitary reactivation in mid-gestating vizcachas was discussed. Using two in vivo approaches, we determined changes in the hypothalamic expression and distribution of prolactin receptor (PRLR), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and dopamine type 2 receptor. A significant increment in the number of tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic (TIDA) neurons was determined in the arcuate nucleus from early to term pregnancy. On the other hand, at preoptic area, the number of both TH+PRLR+ and GnRH+PRLR+ double-labeled neurons significantly decreased at mid-pregnancy probably allowing the recovery of GnRH expression indicating that both types of neurons may represent the key points of PRL indirect and direct pathways modulating GnRH. Moreover, in a model of induced hyperprolactinemic vizcachas, the inhibitory effect of PRL on GnRH at both expression and delivery levels were confirmed. These results suggest the concomitant participation of both PRL regulatory pathways on GnRH modulation and pinpoint the key role of PRL on GnRH expression enabling the recovery of the hypothalamic activity during the gestation in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Andrés Cortasa
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Centro de Estudios Biomédicos Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Raúl Schmidt
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Centro de Estudios Biomédicos Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sofía Proietto
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Centro de Estudios Biomédicos Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Clara Corso
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Centro de Estudios Biomédicos Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo Ignacio Felipe Inserra
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Centro de Estudios Biomédicos Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Noelia Paula Di Giorgio
- Laboratorio de Neuroendocrinología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME)-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Victoria Lux-Lantos
- Laboratorio de Neuroendocrinología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME)-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alfredo Daniel Vitullo
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Centro de Estudios Biomédicos Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julia Halperin
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Centro de Estudios Biomédicos Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Verónica Berta Dorfman
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Centro de Estudios Biomédicos Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Cortasa SA, Inserra PFI, Proietto S, Corso MC, Schmidt AR, Vitullo AD, Dorfman VB, Halperin J. Achieving full-term pregnancy in the vizcacha relies on a reboot of luteal steroidogenesis in mid-gestation (Lagostomus maximus, Rodentia). PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271067. [PMID: 35802690 PMCID: PMC9269958 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactivation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis triggered by the decline in serum progesterone in mid-gestation is an uncommon trait that distinguishes the vizcacha from most mammals. Accessory corpora lutea (aCL) developed upon this event have been proposed as guarantors of the restoration of the progesterone levels necessary to mantain gestation. Therefore, the steroidogenic input of primary CL (pCL) vs aCL was evaluated before and after HPO axis-reactivation (BP and AP respectively) and in term pregnancy (TP). Nonpregnant-ovulated females (NP) were considered as the pCL-starting point group. In BP, the ovaries mainly showed pCL, whose LH receptor (LHR), StAR, 3β-HSD, 20α-HSD, and VEGF immunoexpressions were similar or lower than those of NP. In AP, luteal reactivity increased significantly compared to the previous stages, and the pool of aCL developed in this stage represented 20% of the ovarian structures, equaling the percentage of pCL. Both pCL and aCL luteal cells shared similar histological features consistent with secretory activity. Although pCL and aCL showed equivalent labeling intensity for the luteotropic markers, pCL were significantly larger than aCL. Towards TP, both showed structural disorganization and loss of secretory characteristics. No significant DNA fragmentation was detected in luteal cells throughout gestation. Our findings indicate that the LH surge derived from HPO axis-reactivation targets the pCL and boost luteal steroidogenesis and thus progesterone production. Because there are many LHR-expressing antral follicles in BP, they also respond to the LH stimuli and luteinize without extruding the oocyte. These aCL certainly contribute but it is the steroidogenic restart of the pCL that is the main force that restores progesterone levels, ensuring that gestation is carried to term. Most importantly, the results of this work propose luteal steroidogenesis reboot as a key event in the modulation of vizcacha pregnancy and depict yet another distinctive aspect of its reproductive endocrinology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Andrés Cortasa
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD) Universidad Maimónides, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo Felipe Ignacio Inserra
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD) Universidad Maimónides, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sofía Proietto
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD) Universidad Maimónides, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Clara Corso
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD) Universidad Maimónides, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Raúl Schmidt
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD) Universidad Maimónides, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alfredo Daniel Vitullo
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD) Universidad Maimónides, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Verónica Berta Dorfman
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD) Universidad Maimónides, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julia Halperin
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD) Universidad Maimónides, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Chen CP, Lu X. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor inhibits triple-negative breast cancer proliferation and metastasis. J Int Med Res 2022; 50:3000605221082895. [PMID: 35264044 PMCID: PMC8918972 DOI: 10.1177/03000605221082895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR) is expressed in several malignant tumors and inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells, but its role in triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) is unclear. This study investigated the biological effects of GnRHR and their influence on TNBC prognosis. METHODS The GSE21653 database was used to obtain information about GnRHR expression and clinicopathological factors in patients with TNBC. GnRHR was activated in cultured MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells by leuprolide acetate and antagonized by elagolix sodium. Cell proliferation was assessed by the cell counting kit-8 and colony formation assays. Cell metastasis was detected by the wound healing assay and Transwell assay. Apoptosis and the cell cycle were investigated by flow cytometry. GnRHR protein expression was determined by western blotting. RESULTS GnRHR mRNA expression was significantly higher in patients with TNBC than in hormone receptor+/human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)2- and HER2+ patients with breast cancer. Patients with high GnRHR expression had significantly better disease-free survival than those with lower expression. Activated GnRHR significantly inhibited cell proliferation and metastasis, increased apoptosis, and enhanced GnRHR protein expression levels. CONCLUSION GnRHR inhibits TNBC proliferation and metastasis, suggesting it could be targeted for TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Ping Chen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xiang Lu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
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