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Valdés-Hernández J, Folch JM, Crespo-Piazuelo D, Passols M, Sebastià C, Criado-Mesas L, Castelló A, Sánchez A, Ramayo-Caldas Y. Identification of candidate regulatory genes for intramuscular fatty acid composition in pigs by transcriptome analysis. Genet Sel Evol 2024; 56:12. [PMID: 38347496 PMCID: PMC10860264 DOI: 10.1186/s12711-024-00882-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intramuscular fat (IMF) content and its fatty acid (FA) composition are typically controlled by several genes, each with a small effect. In the current study, to pinpoint candidate genes and putative regulators involved in FA composition, we performed a multivariate integrative analysis between intramuscular FA and transcriptome profiles of porcine longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle. We also carried out a combination of network, regulatory impact factor (RIF), in silico prediction of putative target genes, and functional analyses to better support the biological relevance of our findings. RESULTS For this purpose, we used LD RNA-Seq and intramuscular FA composition profiles of 129 Iberian × Duroc backcrossed pigs. We identified 378 correlated variables (13 FA and 365 genes), including six FA (C20:4n-6, C18:2n-6, C20:3n-6, C18:1n-9, C18:0, and C16:1n-7) that were among the most interconnected variables in the predicted network. The detected FA-correlated genes include genes involved in lipid and/or carbohydrate metabolism or in regulation of IMF deposition (e.g., ADIPOQ, CHUK, CYCS, CYP4B1, DLD, ELOVL6, FBP1, G0S2, GCLC, HMGCR, IDH3A, LEP, LGALS12, LPIN1, PLIN1, PNPLA8, PPP1R1B, SDR16C5, SFRP5, SOD3, SNW1, and TFRC), meat quality (GALNT15, GOT1, MDH1, NEU3, PDHA1, SDHD, and UNC93A), and transport (e.g., EXOC7 and SLC44A2). Functional analysis highlighted 54 over-represented gene ontology terms, including well-known biological processes and pathways that regulate lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. RIF analysis suggested a pivotal role for six transcription factors (CARHSP1, LBX1, MAFA, PAX7, SIX5, and TADA2A) as putative regulators of gene expression and intramuscular FA composition. Based on in silico prediction, we identified putative target genes for these six regulators. Among these, TADA2A and CARHSP1 had extreme RIF scores and present novel regulators in pigs. In addition, the expression of TADA2A correlated (either positively or negatively) with C20:4n-6, C18:2n-6, C20:3n-6, C18:1n-9, and that of CARHSP1 correlated (positively) with the C16:1n-7 lipokine. We also found that these two transcription factors share target genes that are involved in lipid metabolism (e.g., GOT1, PLIN1, and TFRC). CONCLUSIONS This integrative analysis of muscle transcriptome and intramuscular FA profile revealed valuable information about key candidate genes and potential regulators for FA and lipid metabolism in pigs, among which some transcription factors are proposed to control gene expression and modulate FA composition differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Valdés-Hernández
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain.
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Josep M Folch
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Daniel Crespo-Piazuelo
- Departament de Genètica i Millora Animal, Institut de Recerca y Tecnologia Agraroalimentàries (IRTA), Caldes de Montbui, Spain
| | - Magí Passols
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Cristina Sebastià
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Lourdes Criado-Mesas
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Anna Castelló
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Armand Sánchez
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Yuliaxis Ramayo-Caldas
- Departament de Genètica i Millora Animal, Institut de Recerca y Tecnologia Agraroalimentàries (IRTA), Caldes de Montbui, Spain.
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Platelet-Neutrophil Crosstalk in Thrombosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021266. [PMID: 36674781 PMCID: PMC9861587 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are essential for the formation of a haemostatic plug to prevent bleeding, while neutrophils are the guardians of our immune defences against invading pathogens. The interplay between platelets and innate immunity, and subsequent triggering of the activation of coagulation is part of the host system to prevent systemic spread of pathogen in the blood stream. Aberrant immunothrombosis and excessive inflammation can however, contribute to the thrombotic burden observed in many cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we highlight how platelets and neutrophils interact with each other and how their crosstalk is central to both arterial and venous thrombosis and in COVID-19. While targeting platelets and coagulation enables efficient antithrombotic treatments, they are often accompanied with a bleeding risk. We also discuss how novel approaches to reduce platelet-mediated recruitment of neutrophils could represent promising therapies to treat thrombosis without affecting haemostasis.
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Wang Y, Chen X, Chen Q, Chen T, Chen K, Wu Y, Wang L. SLC44A2 Frequency, a New TaqMan Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Method for HNA-3A/3B Genotyping, and a New Application of Droplet Digital PCR. Front Genet 2022; 13:794285. [PMID: 35646052 PMCID: PMC9133786 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.794285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Human neutrophil antigen-3A (HNA-3A) and human neutrophil antigen-3B (HNA-3B) are generated by a single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs2288904, c.461G > A) in exon 7 of the choline transporter-like protein-2 gene (CTL2, also known as SLC44A2). Antibodies to HNA-3 can be generated following blood transfusion or other factors resulting in exposure to HNA-3 antigens. These antibodies can cause transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) or neonatal alloimmune neutropenia (NAIN). This study describes a sensitive and specific TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method to screen for the HNA-3 genotype using specific primers and probes designed to detect allelic polymorphisms. Considering the high sensitivity and accuracy of droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) in the identification of the rare SLC44A2*2 allele, we used this technique to identify blood donors with the rare HNA-3B antigen and calculate the allele frequency of SLC44A2 in mixed populations with different proportions.Methods: DNA samples purified from 208 donors in northwest China were subjected to TaqMan real-time PCR to detect allelic polymorphisms in SLC44A2. The results were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The rare HNA-3B antigen was detected by ddPCR. SLC44A2 frequency was determined by two-channel ddPCR.Results: The genotypes of all DNA samples were detected by the TaqMan real-time PCR using specific probes for HNA-3, and the results were consistent with the Sanger sequencing results in respect to the HNA-3A and HNA-3B polymorphisms. The allele frequencies of SLC44A2*1 and SLC44A2*2 in the 208 donors in northwest China were 64.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 59%–70.8%) and 35.1% (95% CI, 29.2%–41%), respectively. The ratio of SLC44A2*2 alleles was accurately detected in all blood pools by ddPCR but not by TaqMan real-time PCR. This allowed for the SLC44A2 frequency in the population to be accurately inferred.Conclusion: This new method of detecting SLC44A2 alleles was highly sensitive and specific, as confirmed by Sanger sequencing. ddPCR using the designed probes resulted in successful detection of the rare HNA-3B antigen. Furthermore, we successfully detected the rare HNA-3B antigen and inferred the SLC44A2 frequency by ddPCR using the probes that we designed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Medical Genetics, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Xihui Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Tangdong Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Kun Chen, ; Yuanming Wu, ; Li Wang,
| | - Yuanming Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Kun Chen, ; Yuanming Wu, ; Li Wang,
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Kun Chen, ; Yuanming Wu, ; Li Wang,
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Taylor A, Grapentine S, Ichhpuniani J, Bakovic M. Choline transporter-like proteins 1 and 2 are newly identified plasma membrane and mitochondrial ethanolamine transporters. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100604. [PMID: 33789160 PMCID: PMC8081925 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The membrane phospholipids phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) are synthesized de novo by the CDP-choline and CDP-ethanolamine (Kennedy) pathway, in which the extracellular substrates choline and ethanolamine are transported into the cell, phosphorylated, and coupled with diacylglycerol to form the final phospholipid product. Although multiple transport systems have been established for choline, ethanolamine transport is poorly characterized and there is no single protein assigned a transport function for ethanolamine. The solute carriers 44A (SLC44A) known as choline transporter-like proteins-1 and -2 (CTL1 and CTL2) are choline transporter at the plasma membrane and mitochondria. We report a novel function of CTL1 and CTL2 in ethanolamine transport. Using the lack or the gain of gene function in combination with specific antibodies and transport inhibitors we established two distinct ethanolamine transport systems of a high affinity, mediated by CTL1, and of a low affinity, mediated by CTL2. Both transporters are Na+-independent ethanolamine/H+ antiporters. Primary human fibroblasts with separate frameshift mutations in the CTL1 gene (M1= SLC44A1ΔAsp517 and M2= SLC44A1ΔSer126) are devoid of CTL1 ethanolamine transport but maintain unaffected CTL2 transport. The lack of CTL1 in M2 cells reduced the ethanolamine transport, the flux through the CDP-ethanolamine Kennedy pathway, and PE synthesis. In contrast, overexpression of CTL1 in M2 cells improved ethanolamine transport and PE synthesis. These data firmly establish that CTL1 and CTL2 are the first identified ethanolamine transporters in whole cells and mitochondria, with intrinsic roles in de novo PE synthesis by the Kennedy pathway and intracellular redistribution of ethanolamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Taylor
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Sophie Grapentine
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Jasmine Ichhpuniani
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Marica Bakovic
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada.
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Functional Expression of Choline Transporters in Human Neural Stem Cells and Its Link to Cell Proliferation, Cell Viability, and Neurite Outgrowth. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020453. [PMID: 33672580 PMCID: PMC7924032 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Choline and choline metabolites are essential for all cellular functions. They have also been reported to be crucial for neural development. In this work, we studied the functional characteristics of the choline uptake system in human neural stem cells (hNSCs). Additionally, we investigated the effect of extracellular choline uptake inhibition on the cellular activities in hNSCs. We found that the mRNAs and proteins of choline transporter-like protein 1 (CTL1) and CTL2 were expressed at high levels. Immunostaining showed that CTL1 and CTL2 were localized in the cell membrane and partly in the mitochondria, respectively. The uptake of extracellular choline was saturable and performed by a single uptake mechanism, which was Na+-independent and pH-dependent. We conclude that CTL1 is responsible for extracellular choline uptake, and CTL2 may uptake choline in the mitochondria and be involved in DNA methylation via choline oxidation. Extracellular choline uptake inhibition caused intracellular choline deficiency in hNSCs, which suppressed cell proliferation, cell viability, and neurite outgrowth. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the role of choline in neural development as well as the pathogenesis of various neurological diseases caused by choline deficiency or choline uptake impairment.
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Gu S, Olszewski R, Nelson L, Gallego-Martinez A, Lopez-Escamez JA, Hoa M. Identification of Potential Meniere's Disease Targets in the Adult Stria Vascularis. Front Neurol 2021; 12:630561. [PMID: 33613436 PMCID: PMC7894210 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.630561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The stria vascularis generates the endocochlear potential and is involved in processes that underlie ionic homeostasis in the cochlear endolymph, both which play essential roles in hearing. The histological hallmark of Meniere's disease (MD) is endolymphatic hydrops, which refers to the bulging or expansion of the scala media, which is the endolymph-containing compartment of the cochlea. This histologic hallmark suggests that processes that disrupt ion homeostasis or potentially endocochlear potential may underlie MD. While treatments exist for vestibular symptoms related to MD, effective therapies for hearing fluctuation and hearing loss seen in MD remain elusive. Understanding the potential cell types involved in MD may inform the creation of disease mouse models and provide insight into underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. For these reasons, we compare published datasets related to MD in humans with our previously published adult mouse stria vascularis single-cell and single-nucleus RNA-Seq datasets to implicate potentially involved stria vascularis (SV) cell types in MD. Finally, we provide support for these implicated cell types by demonstrating co-expression of select candidate genes for MD within SV cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoujun Gu
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Rafal Olszewski
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Lacey Nelson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Alvaro Gallego-Martinez
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/Universidad de Granada/Junta de Andalucía (GENYO), Granada, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Lopez-Escamez
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/Universidad de Granada/Junta de Andalucía (GENYO), Granada, Spain
- Department of Otolaryngology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Michael Hoa
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States
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Bhat S, El-Kasaby A, Freissmuth M, Sucic S. Functional and Biochemical Consequences of Disease Variants in Neurotransmitter Transporters: A Special Emphasis on Folding and Trafficking Deficits. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 222:107785. [PMID: 33310157 PMCID: PMC7612411 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Neurotransmitters, such as γ-aminobutyric acid, glutamate, acetyl choline, glycine and the monoamines, facilitate the crosstalk within the central nervous system. The designated neurotransmitter transporters (NTTs) both release and take up neurotransmitters to and from the synaptic cleft. NTT dysfunction can lead to severe pathophysiological consequences, e.g. epilepsy, intellectual disability, or Parkinson’s disease. Genetic point mutations in NTTs have recently been associated with the onset of various neurological disorders. Some of these mutations trigger folding defects in the NTT proteins. Correct folding is a prerequisite for the export of NTTs from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the subsequent trafficking to their pertinent site of action, typically at the plasma membrane. Recent studies have uncovered some of the key features in the molecular machinery responsible for transporter protein folding, e.g., the role of heat shock proteins in fine-tuning the ER quality control mechanisms in cells. The therapeutic significance of understanding these events is apparent from the rising number of reports, which directly link different pathological conditions to NTT misfolding. For instance, folding-deficient variants of the human transporters for dopamine or GABA lead to infantile parkinsonism/dystonia and epilepsy, respectively. From a therapeutic point of view, some folding-deficient NTTs are amenable to functional rescue by small molecules, known as chemical and pharmacological chaperones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreyas Bhat
- Institute of Pharmacology and the Gaston H. Glock Research Laboratories for Exploratory Drug Development, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ali El-Kasaby
- Institute of Pharmacology and the Gaston H. Glock Research Laboratories for Exploratory Drug Development, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Freissmuth
- Institute of Pharmacology and the Gaston H. Glock Research Laboratories for Exploratory Drug Development, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sonja Sucic
- Institute of Pharmacology and the Gaston H. Glock Research Laboratories for Exploratory Drug Development, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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8
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The choline transporter Slc44a2 controls platelet activation and thrombosis by regulating mitochondrial function. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3479. [PMID: 32661250 PMCID: PMC7359028 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17254-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic factors contribute to the risk of thrombotic diseases. Recent genome wide association studies have identified genetic loci including SLC44A2 which may regulate thrombosis. Here we show that Slc44a2 controls platelet activation and thrombosis by regulating mitochondrial energetics. We find that Slc44a2 null mice (Slc44a2(KO)) have increased bleeding times and delayed thrombosis compared to wild-type (Slc44a2(WT)) controls. Platelets from Slc44a2(KO) mice have impaired activation in response to thrombin. We discover that Slc44a2 mediates choline transport into mitochondria, where choline metabolism leads to an increase in mitochondrial oxygen consumption and ATP production. Platelets lacking Slc44a2 contain less ATP at rest, release less ATP when activated, and have an activation defect that can be rescued by exogenous ADP. Taken together, our data suggest that mitochondria require choline for maximum function, demonstrate the importance of mitochondrial metabolism to platelet activation, and reveal a mechanism by which Slc44a2 influences thrombosis. Genetic association studies have identified loci including the choline transporter SLC44A2 as a potential regulator of thrombosis. Here the authors report that loss of SLC44A2 impairs platelet activation and thrombosis in mice via a reduction of mitochondrial ATP production.
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Constantinescu-Bercu A, Salles-Crawley II, Crawley JTB. SLC44A2 - A novel therapeutic target for venous thrombosis? J Thromb Haemost 2020; 18:1556-1558. [PMID: 32619343 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - James T B Crawley
- Department of Immunology & Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
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10
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Constantinescu-Bercu A, Grassi L, Frontini M, Salles-Crawley II, Woollard K, Crawley JTB. Activated α IIbβ 3 on platelets mediates flow-dependent NETosis via SLC44A2. eLife 2020; 9:e53353. [PMID: 32314961 PMCID: PMC7253179 DOI: 10.7554/elife.53353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-neutrophil interactions are important for innate immunity, but also contribute to the pathogenesis of deep vein thrombosis, myocardial infarction and stroke. Here we report that, under flow, von Willebrand factor/glycoprotein Ibα-dependent platelet 'priming' induces integrin αIIbβ3 activation that, in turn, mediates neutrophil and T-cell binding. Binding of platelet αIIbβ3 to SLC44A2 on neutrophils leads to mechanosensitive-dependent production of highly prothrombotic neutrophil extracellular traps. A polymorphism in SLC44A2 (rs2288904-A) present in 22% of the population causes an R154Q substitution in an extracellular loop of SLC44A2 that is protective against venous thrombosis results in severely impaired binding to both activated αIIbβ3 and VWF-primed platelets. This was confirmed using neutrophils homozygous for the SLC44A2 R154Q polymorphism. Taken together, these data reveal a previously unreported mode of platelet-neutrophil crosstalk, mechanosensitive NET production, and provide mechanistic insight into the protective effect of the SLC44A2 rs2288904-A polymorphism in venous thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela Constantinescu-Bercu
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Luigi Grassi
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical CampusCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical CampusCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research BioResource, Rare Diseases, Cambridge University HospitalsCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Mattia Frontini
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical CampusCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical CampusCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Cambridge Biomedical CampusCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Isabelle I Salles-Crawley
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Kevin Woollard
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - James TB Crawley
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
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Di Stazio M, Morgan A, Brumat M, Bassani S, Dell'Orco D, Marino V, Garagnani P, Giuliani C, Gasparini P, Girotto G. New age-related hearing loss candidate genes in humans: an ongoing challenge. Gene 2020; 742:144561. [PMID: 32173538 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is the most frequent sensory disorder in the elderly, affecting approximately one-third of people aged more than 65 years. Despite a large number of people affected, ARHL is still an area of unmet clinical needs, and only a few ARHL susceptibility genes have been detected so far. In order to further investigate the genetics of ARHL, we analyzed a series of 46 ARHL candidate genes, selected according to previous Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS) data, literature updates and animal models, in a large cohort of 464 Italian ARHL patients. We have filtered the variants according to a) pathogenicity prediction, b) allele frequency in public databases, c) allele frequency in an internal cohort of 113 healthy matched controls, and 81 healthy semi-supercentenarians. After data analysis, all the variants of interest have been tested by functional "in silico" or "in vitro" experiments (i.e., molecular dynamics simulations and protein translation analysis) to assess their pathogenic role, and the expression of the mutated genes have been checked in mouse or zebrafish inner ear. This multi-step approach led to the characterization of a series of ultra-rare likely pathogenic variants in DCLK1, SLC28A3, CEP104, and PCDH20 genes, contributing to describe the first association of these genes with ARHL in humans. These results provide essential insights on the understanding of the molecular bases of such a complex, heterogeneous and frequent disorder, unveiling new possible targets for the future development of innovative therapeutic and preventive approaches that could improve the quality of life of the millions of people affected worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Di Stazio
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS, Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.
| | - A Morgan
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS, Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Brumat
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - S Bassani
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - D Dell'Orco
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biological Chemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - V Marino
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biological Chemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - P Garagnani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Italy; Interdepartimental Centre L. Galvani (CIG), University of Bologna, Italy; Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C Giuliani
- Laboratory of Molecular Anthropology & Centre for Genome Biology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Italy; School of Anthropology and Museum Ethnography, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - P Gasparini
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS, Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - G Girotto
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS, Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Oh EH, Shin JH, Kim HS, Cho JW, Choi SY, Choi KD, Rhee JK, Lee S, Lee C, Choi JH. Rare Variants of Putative Candidate Genes Associated With Sporadic Meniere's Disease in East Asian Population. Front Neurol 2020; 10:1424. [PMID: 32038468 PMCID: PMC6987317 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The cause of Meniere's disease (MD) is unclear but likely involves genetic and environmental factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic basis underlying MD by screening putative candidate genes for MD. Methods: Sixty-eight patients who met the diagnostic criteria for MD of the Barany Society were included. We performed targeted gene sequencing using next generation sequencing (NGS) panel composed of 45 MD-associated genes. We identified the rare variants causing non-synonymous amino acid changes, stop codons, and insertions/deletions in the coding regions, and excluded the common variants with minor allele frequency >0.01 in public databases. The pathogenicity of the identified variants was analyzed by various predictive tools and protein structural modeling. Results: The average read depth for the targeted regions was 1446.3-fold, and 99.4% of the targeted regions were covered by 20 or more reads, achieving the high quality of the sequencing. After variant filtering, annotation, and interpretation, we identified a total of 15 rare heterozygous variants in 12 (17.6%) sporadic patients. Among them, four variants were detected in familial MD genes (DTNA, FAM136A, DPT), and the remaining 11 in MD-associated genes (PTPN22, NFKB1, CXCL10, TLR2, MTHFR, SLC44A2, NOS3, NOTCH2). Three patients had the variants in two or more genes. All variants were not detected in our healthy controls (n = 100). No significant differences were observed between patients with and without a genetic variant in terms of sex, mean age of onset, bilaterality, the type of MD, and hearing threshold at diagnosis. Conclusions: Our study identified rare variants of putative candidate genes in some of MD patients. The genes were related to the formation of inner ear structures, the immune-associated process, or systemic hemostasis derangement, suggesting the multiple genetic predispositions in the development of MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hye Oh
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hong Shin
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Hyang-Sook Kim
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Jae Wook Cho
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Seo Young Choi
- Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Busan, South Korea
| | - Kwang-Dong Choi
- Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Busan, South Korea
| | - Je-Keun Rhee
- School of Systems Biomedical Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seowhang Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Sciences and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Changwook Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Sciences and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Choi
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
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