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Zhang C, Zhang J, Guo K. Paeonol upregulates expression of tumor suppressors TNNC1 and SCARA5, exerting anti-tumor activity in non-small cell lung cancer cells. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:5241-5251. [PMID: 38265681 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-02963-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Paeonol, a naturally bioactive phenolic ingredient predominantly isolated from Paeonia suffruticosa, has recently garnered significant interest as an anti-tumor agent against diverse carcinomas including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the anti-tumor mechanism of paeonol in NSCLC remains unclear. Cell viability, caspase-3 activity, and apoptosis were evaluated using CCK-8 assay, Caspase-3 Colorimetric Assay Kit, and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. GSE186218 was downloaded from NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The common genes were screened using GEO2R and Draw Venn Diagram software. Expression of troponin C type 1 (TNNC1), scavenger receptor class A member 5 (SCARA5), phosphorylated protein kinase B (AKT) (p-AKT) and AKT was examined using GEPIA database, qRT-PCR and western blot analysis. Paeonol treatment concentration-dependently inhibited cell viability and increased caspase-3 activity and apoptotic rate in NSCLC cells. Only 5 overlapping genes including TNNC1 and SCARA5 were obtained among 232 upregulated genes in GSE186218, 200 underexpressed genes in TCGA-LUAD, and 200 underexpressed genes in TCGA-LUSC according to the Venn diagram software. TNNC1 and SCARA5, two known tumor suppressors, were significantly downregulated in LUAD and LUSC tissues and NSCLC cells. Paeonol dose-dependently upregulated TNNC1 and SCARA5 expression in NSCLC cells. Paeonol suppressed the AKT pathway by upregulating TNNC1 and SCARA5 expression. AKT inhibitor attenuated the effects of TNNC1 or SCARA5 knockdown on the anti-tumor activity of paeonol. In conclusion, paeonol exhibited anti-cancer activity in NSCLC cells through inactivating the AKT pathway by upregulating TNNC1 or SCARA5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongnan Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, China
| | - Kai Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, China.
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Wang P, Wei X, Qu X, Zhu Y. Potential clinical application of microRNAs in bladder cancer. J Biomed Res 2024; 38:289-306. [PMID: 38808545 PMCID: PMC11300522 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.37.20230245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the tenth most prevalent malignancy globally, presenting significant clinical and societal challenges because of its high incidence, rapid progression, and frequent recurrence. Presently, cystoscopy and urine cytology serve as the established diagnostic methods for BC. However, their efficacy is limited by their invasive nature and low sensitivity. Therefore, the development of highly specific biomarkers and effective non-invasive detection strategies is imperative for achieving a precise and timely diagnosis of BC, as well as for facilitating an optimal tumor treatment and an improved prognosis. microRNAs (miRNAs), short noncoding RNA molecules spanning around 20-25 nucleotides, are implicated in the regulation of diverse carcinogenic pathways. Substantially altered miRNAs form robust functional regulatory networks that exert a notable influence on the tumorigenesis and progression of BC. Investigations into aberrant miRNAs derived from blood, urine, or extracellular vesicles indicate their potential roles as diagnostic biomarkers and prognostic indicators in BC, enabling miRNAs to monitor the progression and predict the recurrence of the disease. Simultaneously, the investigation centered on miRNA as a potential therapeutic agent presents a novel approach for the treatment of BC. This review comprehensively analyzes biological roles of miRNAs in tumorigenesis and progression, and systematically summarizes their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as therapeutic targets for BC. Additionally, we evaluate the progress made in laboratory techniques within this field and discuss the prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210011, China
| | - Xiaowei Wei
- Laboratory Medicine Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210011, China
| | - Xiaojun Qu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210011, China
| | - Yefei Zhu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210011, China
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
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Sakurai K, Ito H. Multifaced roles of the long non-coding RNA DRAIC in cancer progression. Life Sci 2024; 343:122544. [PMID: 38458555 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) are functional RNAs, with over 200 nucleotides in length and lacking protein-coding potential. Studies have indicated that lncRNAs are important gene regulators under physiological conditions. Aberrant lncRNA expression is associated with the initiation and progression of various diseases, including cancers. High-throughput transcriptome analyses have revealed thousands of lncRNAs as putative tumor suppressors or promoters in various cancers, but the detailed molecular mechanisms of each lncRNA remain unclear. Downregulated RNA In Cancer, inhibitor of cell invasion and migration (DRAIC) (also known as LOC145837 and RP11-279F6.1) is a lncRNA that inhibits or promotes cancer progression with several modes of action. DRAIC was originally identified as a tumor-suppressive lncRNA in prostate adenocarcinoma. Subsequent studies also revealed that it has an anti-tumor role in glioblastoma, triple-negative breast cancer, and stomach adenocarcinoma. However, DRAIC exhibits oncogenic functions in other malignancies, such as lung adenocarcinoma and esophageal carcinoma, indicating its highly context-dependent effects on cancer progression and clinical outcomes. DRAIC and its associated pathways regulate various biological processes, including proliferation, invasion, metastasis, autophagy, and neuroendocrine function. This review introduces the multifaceted roles of DRAIC, particularly in cancer progression, and discusses its biological significance and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouhei Sakurai
- Department of Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan.
| | - Hiroyasu Ito
- Department of Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
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Jiang X, Jiang Y, An D, Jiang X, Zhou S, Liu Y, Tian R, Li Z, Zhao X, Xiang T, Ji P, Yang Y. Methylated tumor suppressor gene SCARA5 inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Epigenomics 2023; 15:635-650. [PMID: 37554122 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: SCARA5 may play an important role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Materials & methods: PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression and promoter methylation of SCARA5. Cell proliferation assays, spheroid culture, flow cytometry analysis, Transwell assays and xenotransplantation tests were utilized to determine the functional effects of SCARA5. RNA-sequencing, western blotting, immunofluorescence and dual-luciferase reporter assays were used to assess SCARA5-mediated outcomes. Results: SCARA5 was downregulated by promoter methylation. Overexpression of SCARA5 inhibited cell migration, invasion and proliferation. SCARA5 enhanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell sensitivity to chemotherapy with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil. SCARA5 drives tumor apoptosis by downregulating HSPA2. Conclusion: SCARA5 may be a useful clinical marker in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyao Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Deqiang An
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaocong Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Shitong Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, No. 118 Xingguang Avenue, Liangjiang New District, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Yijun Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Rui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology & Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhuoqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology & Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xunping Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Tingxiu Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology & Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ping Ji
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 7 Shangqingsi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400015, China
| | - Yucheng Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
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