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Insight on Non-Coding RNAs from Biofluids in Ovarian Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051539. [PMID: 36900328 PMCID: PMC10001105 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian tumors are the most frequent adnexal mass, raising diagnostic and therapeutic issues linked to a large spectrum of tumors, with a continuum from benign to malignant. Thus far, none of the available diagnostic tools have proven efficient in deciding strategy, and no consensus exists on the best strategy between "single test", "dual testing", "sequential testing", "multiple testing options" and "no testing". In addition, there is a need for prognostic tools such as biological markers of recurrence and theragnostic tools to detect women not responding to chemotherapy in order to adapt therapies. Non-coding RNAs are classified as small or long based on their nucleotide count. Non-coding RNAs have multiple biological functions such as a role in tumorigenesis, gene regulation and genome protection. These ncRNAs emerge as new potential tools to differentiate benign from malignant tumors and to evaluate prognostic and theragnostic factors. In the specific setting of ovarian tumors, the goal of the present work is to offer an insight into the contribution of biofluid non-coding RNAs (ncRNA) expression.
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2
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Through the Looking Glass: Updated Insights on Ovarian Cancer Diagnostics. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13040713. [PMID: 36832201 PMCID: PMC9955065 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13040713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the deadliest gynaecological malignancy and the eighth most prevalent cancer in women, with an abysmal mortality rate of two million worldwide. The existence of multiple overlapping symptoms with other gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and gynaecological maladies often leads to late-stage diagnosis and extensive extra-ovarian metastasis. Due to the absence of any clear early-stage symptoms, current tools only aid in the diagnosis of advanced-stage patients, wherein the 5-year survival plummets further to less than 30%. Therefore, there is a dire need for the identification of novel approaches that not only allow early diagnosis of the disease but also have a greater prognostic value. Toward this, biomarkers provide a gamut of powerful and dynamic tools to allow the identification of a spectrum of different malignancies. Both serum cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) and human epididymis 4 (HE4) are currently being used in clinics not only for EOC but also peritoneal and GI tract cancers. Screening of multiple biomarkers is gradually emerging as a beneficial strategy for early-stage diagnosis, proving instrumental in administration of first-line chemotherapy. These novel biomarkers seem to exhibit an enhanced potential as a diagnostic tool. This review summarizes existing knowledge of the ever-growing field of biomarker identification along with potential future ones, especially for ovarian cancer.
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Timofeeva AV, Asaturova AV, Sannikova MV, Khabas GN, Chagovets VV, Fedorov IS, Frankevich VE, Sukhikh GT. Search for New Participants in the Pathogenesis of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer with the Potential to Be Used as Diagnostic Molecules. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12122017. [PMID: 36556382 PMCID: PMC9784419 DOI: 10.3390/life12122017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have attempted to develop molecular signatures of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) based on the quantitation of protein-coding and non-coding RNAs to predict disease prognosis. Due to the heterogeneity of EOC, none of the developed prognostic signatures were directly applied in clinical practice. Our work focuses on high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) due to the highest mortality rate relative to other types of EOC. Using deep sequencing of small non-coding RNAs in combination with quantitative real-time PCR, we confirm the dualistic classification of epithelial ovarian cancers based on the miRNA signature of HGSOC (type 2), which differs from benign cystadenoma and borderline cystadenoma-precursors of low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (type 1)-and identified two subtypes of HGSOC, which significantly differ in the level of expression of the progesterone receptor in the tumor tissue, the secretion of miR-16-5p, miR-17-5p, miR-93-5p, miR-20a-5p, the level of serum CA125, tumor size, surgical outcome (optimal or suboptimal cytoreduction), and response to chemotherapy. It was found that the combined determination of the level of miR-16-5p, miR-17-5p, miR-20a-5p, and miR-93-5p circulating in blood plasma of patients with primary HGSOC tumors makes it possible to predict optimal cytoreduction with 80.1% sensitivity and 70% specificity (p = 0.022, TPR = 0.8, FPR = 0.3), as well as complete response to adjuvant chemotherapy with 77.8% sensitivity and 90.9% specificity (p = 0.001, TPR = 0.78, FPR = 0.09). After the additional verification of the obtained data in a larger HGSOC patient cohort, the combined quantification of these four miRNAs is proposed to be used as a criterion for selecting patients either for primary cytoreduction or neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval cytoreduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika V. Timofeeva
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov Ministry of Healthcare of The Russian Federation, Ac. Oparina 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +7-495-531-4444
| | - Aleksandra V. Asaturova
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov Ministry of Healthcare of The Russian Federation, Ac. Oparina 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maya V. Sannikova
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov Ministry of Healthcare of The Russian Federation, Ac. Oparina 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Grigory N. Khabas
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov Ministry of Healthcare of The Russian Federation, Ac. Oparina 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vitaliy V. Chagovets
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov Ministry of Healthcare of The Russian Federation, Ac. Oparina 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan S. Fedorov
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov Ministry of Healthcare of The Russian Federation, Ac. Oparina 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir E. Frankevich
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov Ministry of Healthcare of The Russian Federation, Ac. Oparina 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Gennady T. Sukhikh
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov Ministry of Healthcare of The Russian Federation, Ac. Oparina 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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Ali FT, Soliman RM, Hassan NS, Ibrahim AM, El-Gizawy MM, Mandoh AAY, Ibrahim EA. Sensitivity and specificity of microRNA-204, CA125, and CA19.9 as biomarkers for diagnosis of ovarian cancer. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272308. [PMID: 35921382 PMCID: PMC9348731 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer is usually detected at later stages and no effective screening approach, has been identified. Therefore, sensitive and specific biomarkers for detecting ovarian cancer are urgently needed. Objective This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of six biomarkers for the early clinical diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Subjects & methods The study included 120 patients (benign ovarian tumors and early and late ovarian carcinoma) and 30 control healthy volunteers. MiRNA-204, CA125, CA19.9, hepcidin, microfibril-associated glycoprotein 2, and ferroportin levels were determined in all patients and control volunteers. Results The combined area under the receiver operating characteristic curves for miRNA-204, CA125, and CA19.9 were 0.938, 1.000, and 0.998 for benign tumors and early and late ovarian carcinomas, respectively. The sensitivities of miRNA-204, CA125, and CA19.9 were 98.04%, 100.00%, and 96.19% and the specificities were 58.33%, 62.50%, and 57.78%, respectively. Conclusion The positive predictivity of miRNA-204, CA125, and CA19.9 for ovarian cancer is high (59.57%, 58.24%, and 61.67%, respectively). Thus, the combination of these three biomarkers is a good diagnostic tool for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahmy T. Ali
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reham M. Soliman
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nahla S. Hassan
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- * E-mail:
| | - Ahmed M. Ibrahim
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mayada M. El-Gizawy
- Medical Physiology Department, Medical Division, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abd Allah Y. Mandoh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Cytogenics, Armed Forces Central Laboratory and Blood Bank, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ehab A. Ibrahim
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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5
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Gockley A, Pagacz K, Fiascone S, Stawiski K, Holub N, Hasselblatt K, Cramer DW, Fendler W, Chowdhury D, Elias KM. A Translational Model to Improve Early Detection of Epithelial Ovarian Cancers. Front Oncol 2022; 12:786154. [PMID: 35530324 PMCID: PMC9068948 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.786154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural network analyses of circulating miRNAs have shown potential as non-invasive screening tests for ovarian cancer. A clinically useful test would detect occult disease when complete cytoreduction is most feasible. Here we used murine xenografts to sensitize a neural network model to detect low volume disease and applied the model to sera from 75 early-stage ovarian cancer cases age-matched to 200 benign adnexal masses or healthy controls. The 14-miRNA model efficiently discriminated tumor bearing animals from controls with 100% sensitivity down to tumor inoculums of 50,000 cells. Among early-stage patient samples, the model performed well with 73% sensitivity at 91% specificity. Applied to a population with 1% disease prevalence, we hypothesize the model would detect most early-stage ovarian cancers while maintaining a negative predictive value of 99.97% (95% CI 99.95%-99.98%). Overall, this supports the concept that miRNAs may be useful as screening markers for early-stage disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Gockley
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Konrad Pagacz
- Studies in Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Stephen Fiascone
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Konrad Stawiski
- Studies in Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Nicole Holub
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kathleen Hasselblatt
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Daniel W. Cramer
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Wojciech Fendler
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Dipanjan Chowdhury
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kevin M. Elias
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Kevin M. Elias,
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Circulating Exosomal miR-1290 for Diagnosis of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:288-300. [PMID: 35723400 PMCID: PMC8928998 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to develop a new diagnostic biomarker for identifying serum exosomal miRNAs specific to epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and to find out target gene of the miRNA for exploring the molecular mechanisms in EOC. A total of 84 cases of ovarian masses and sera were enrolled, comprising EOC (n = 71), benign ovarian neoplasms (n = 13). We detected expression of candidate miRNAs in the serum and tissue of both benign ovarian neoplasm group and EOC group using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Immunohistochemistry were constructed using formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue to detect expression level of suppressor of cytokine signaling 4 (SOCS4). In the EOC group, miRNA-1290 was significantly overexpressed in serum exosomes and tissues as compared to benign ovarian neoplasm group (fold change ≥ 2, p < 0.05). We observed area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for miR-1290, using a cut-off of 0.73, the exosomal miR-1290 from serum had AUC, sensitivity, and specificity values of 0.794, 69.2 and 87.3, respectively. In immunohistochemical study, expression of SOCS4 in EOC was lower than that in benign ovarian neoplasm. Serum exosomal miR-1290 could be considered as a biomarker for differential diagnosis of EOC from benign ovarian neoplasm and SOCS4 might be potential target gene of miR-1290 in EOC.
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Yoshida K, Yokoi A, Matsuzaki J, Kato T, Ochiya T, Kajiyama H, Yamamoto Y. Extracellular microRNA profiling for prognostic prediction in patients with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:4977-4986. [PMID: 34618992 PMCID: PMC8645733 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma is a leading cause of death in female patients worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are stable noncoding RNAs in the peripheral blood that reflect a patient's condition, and therefore, they have received substantial attention as noninvasive biomarkers in various diseases. We previously reported the usefulness of serum miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers. Here, we investigated the prognostic impact of the serum miRNA profile. We used the GSE106817 dataset, which included preoperative miRNA profiles of patients with ovarian malignancies. Excluding patients with other malignancy or insufficient prognostic information, we included 175 patients with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. All patients except four underwent surgery and received chemotherapy as initial treatment. The median follow-up period was 54.6 months (range, 3.5-144.1 months). Univariate Cox regression analysis revealed that higher levels of miR-187-5p and miR-6870-5p were associated with both poorer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), and miR-1908-5p, miR-6727-5p, and miR-6850-5p were poor prognostic indicators of PFS. The OS and PFS prognostic indices were then calculated using the expression values of three prognostic miRNAs. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that both indices were significantly independent poor prognostic factors (hazard ratio for OS and PFS, 2.343 [P = .015] and 2.357 [P = .005], respectively). In conclusion, circulating miRNA profiles can potentially provide information to predict the prognosis of patients with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Therefore, there is a strong demand for early clinical application of circulating miRNAs as noninvasive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Yoshida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.,Laboratory of Integrative Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Yokoi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Juntaro Matsuzaki
- Laboratory of Integrative Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Kato
- Department of Gynecology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kajiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Integrative Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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8
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Patel A, Iyer P, Matsuzaki S, Matsuo K, Sood AK, Fleming ND. Emerging Trends in Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040626. [PMID: 33562443 PMCID: PMC7915369 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Epithelial ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal cancers in women and is typically diagnosed at an advanced-stage. Historically, primary tumor reductive surgery was attempted followed by postoperative chemotherapy in most patients diagnosed with advanced ovarian cancer. However, neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval tumor reductive surgery is an alternative approach for patients with advanced-stage ovarian cancer where primary tumor reductive surgery is not feasible. Here, we review proposed models that can assist in selecting patients who would benefit most from neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery. Abstract Epithelial ovarian cancer remains a leading cause of death amongst all gynecologic cancers despite advances in surgical and medical therapy. Historically, patients with ovarian cancer underwent primary tumor reductive surgery followed by postoperative chemotherapy; however, neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval tumor reductive surgery has gradually become an alternative approach for patients with advanced-stage ovarian cancer for whom primary tumor reductive surgery is not feasible. Decision-making about the use of these approaches has not been uniform. Hence, it is essential to identify patients who can benefit most from neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval tumor reductive surgery. Several prospective and retrospective studies have proposed potential models to guide upfront decision-making for patients with advanced ovarian cancer. In this review, we summarize important decision-making models that can improve patient selection for personalized treatment. Models based on clinical factors (clinical parameters, radiology studies and laparoscopy scoring) and molecular markers (circulating and tumor-based) are useful, but laparoscopic staging is among the most informative diagnostic methods for upfront decision-making in patients medically fit for surgery. Further research is needed to explore more reliable models to determine personalized treatment for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami Patel
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.P.); (P.I.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Puja Iyer
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.P.); (P.I.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Shinya Matsuzaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (S.M.); (K.M.)
| | - Koji Matsuo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (S.M.); (K.M.)
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Anil K. Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.P.); (P.I.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Nicole D. Fleming
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.P.); (P.I.); (A.K.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(281)-566-1900
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Liu J, Li L, Luo N, Liu Q, Liu L, Chen D, Cheng Z, Xi X. Inflammatory signals induce MUC16 expression in ovarian cancer cells via NF-κB activation. Exp Ther Med 2020; 21:163. [PMID: 33456530 PMCID: PMC7792485 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer antigen 125 (CA125), encoded by the mucin 16 cell surface associated (MUC16) gene, has been widely used as a biomarker for ovarian cancer (OC) screening. However, it has yet to be elucidated as to why its levels increase with tumor progression as well as with certain other non-malignant conditions. Based on our knowledge of the inflammatory microenvironment (IME) in OC, HEY cells were treated with several inflammation-associated factors as well as their antagonists, and it was observed that inflammation-associated factors upregulated MUC16 gene expression. Considering the role of nuclear factor (NF)-κB in the inflammatory signaling network and our previous research on OC, chromatin immunoprecipitation was performed, and it was observed that activated NF-κB bound to the MUC16 gene promoter and enhanced its expression, thereby elevating secreted CA125 levels. These findings demonstrated that IME and MUC16 gene expression were associated in OC, partly elucidating the role of IME in tumor progression, explaining the elevated serum CA125 levels in some non-malignant conditions, and confirming IME as a potential target for OC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Ning Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Zhongping Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China.,Gynecologic Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowei Xi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
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10
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Bachmann R, Brucker S, Stäbler A, Krämer B, Ladurner R, Königsrainer A, Wallwiener D, Bachmann C. Prognostic relevance of high pretreatment CA125 levels in primary serous ovarian cancer. Mol Clin Oncol 2020; 14:8. [PMID: 33262888 PMCID: PMC7690236 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2020.2170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to analyze the prognostic relevance of pretreatment serum CA125 ≥500 U/ml and its role as a non-invasive factor for estimating optimal cytoreduction (≤1 cm) in primary serous ovarian cancer. Clinicopathological parameters and CA125 levels prior to primary cytoreductive surgery were retrospectively evaluated in all 261 consecutive patients with primary epithelial ovarian cancer from a single centre. Inclusion criteria were existing preoperative CA125 level, serous ovarian cancer and performed full primary treatment (surgery/platinum-based chemotherapy). A total of 136 patients met the criteria. Among them, 74 patients had CA125 ≥500 U/ml. The other 62 patients that met the aforementioned criteria and had CA125 <500 U/ml were defined as controls. The present study tested cut-off CA125 values to detect subgroups affecting prognosis. The goal was to evaluate patients with optimal cytoreduction (R≤1 cm). Univariate analyses were performed with PASW to identify clinicopathological parameters associated with the pretreatment CA125 level. For survival analyses, a cut-off-value of CA125 ≥500 U/ml was used to identify the association between preoperative CA125 levels, resection status and prognosis. To test significant differences between examined groups, Student's t-test and the Mann-Whitney test were used. P<0.05 was considered to indicate a statistically significant difference. Significantly worse prognosis in terms of overall survival (P=0.023) and progression-free survival (P=0.011) was detected in the CA125 ≥500 U/ml group of optimally cytoreduced patients compared with in the CA125 <500 U/ml group. The complete cytoreduction rate was higher in CA125 <500 U/ml (33.9%) vs. CA125 ≥500 U/ml (21.6%). A CA125 level >1,404 U/ml had a higher rate of suboptimal cytoreduction (32.4%) compared with lower CA125 levels. A pretreatment CA125 level ≥500 U/ml had significantly worse prognostic impact after optimal cytoreduction compared with CA125 <500 U/ml. The higher the CA125 level the higher the suboptimal cytoreduction rate. Patients with CA125 ≥500 U/ml may be candidates for an initial laparoscopic approach to specify resectability and to determine how to proceed. Overall, CA125 levels appear to be helpful in predicting suboptimal cytoreductive surgery for patients with primary ovarian cancer, but should be interpreted together with clinical and radiologic findings. This may improve defining the optimal treatment strategy in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Bachmann
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sara Brucker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tuebingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Annette Stäbler
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard-Karls-University, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Krämer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tuebingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ruth Ladurner
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alfred Königsrainer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Diethelm Wallwiener
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tuebingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cornelia Bachmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tuebingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Govindarajan M, Wohlmuth C, Waas M, Bernardini MQ, Kislinger T. High-throughput approaches for precision medicine in high-grade serous ovarian cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:134. [PMID: 33036656 PMCID: PMC7547483 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00971-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is the most prevalent and aggressive subtype of ovarian cancer. The large degree of clinical heterogeneity within HGSC has justified deviations from the traditional one-size-fits-all clinical management approach. However, the majority of HGSC patients still relapse with chemo-resistant cancer and eventually succumb to their disease, evidence that further work is needed to improve patient outcomes. Advancements in high-throughput technologies have enabled novel insights into biological complexity, offering a large potential for informing precision medicine efforts. Here, we review the current landscape of clinical management for HGSC and highlight applications of high-throughput biological approaches for molecular subtyping and the discovery of putative blood-based biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets. Additionally, we present recent improvements in model systems and discuss how their intersection with high-throughput platforms and technological advancements is positioned to accelerate the realization of precision medicine in HGSC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christoph Wohlmuth
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Matthew Waas
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Marcus Q Bernardini
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Thomas Kislinger
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
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12
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Robelin P, Tod M, Colomban O, Lachuer J, Ray-Coquard I, Rauglaudre GD, Joly F, Chevalier-Place A, Combe P, Lortholary A, Hamizi S, Raban N, Ferron G, Meunier J, Berton-Rigaud D, Alexandre J, Kaminsky MC, Dubot C, Leary A, Malaurie E, You B. Comparative analysis of predictive values of the kinetics of 11 circulating miRNAs and of CA125 in ovarian cancer during first line treatment (a GINECO study). Gynecol Oncol 2020; 159:256-263. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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13
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Alshamrani AA. Roles of microRNAs in Ovarian Cancer Tumorigenesis: Two Decades Later, What Have We Learned? Front Oncol 2020; 10:1084. [PMID: 32850313 PMCID: PMC7396563 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the top gynecological malignancies that cause deaths among females in the United States. At the molecular level, significant progress has been made in our understanding of ovarian cancer development and progression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, single-stranded, highly conserved non-coding RNA molecules (19–25 nucleotides) that negatively regulate target genes post-transcriptionally. Over the last two decades, mounting evidence has demonstrated the aberrant expression of miRNAs in different human malignancies, including ovarian carcinomas. Deregulated miRNAs can have profound impacts on various cancer hallmarks by repressing tumor suppressor genes. This review will discuss up-to-date knowledge of how the aberrant expression of miRNAs and their targeted genes drives ovarian cancer initiation, proliferation, survival, and resistance to chemotherapies. Understanding the mechanisms by which these miRNAs affect these hallmarks should allow the development of novel therapeutic strategies to treat these lethal malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Alshamrani
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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14
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An Y, Liu Z, Ding H, Lv Q, Fan H, Hou S, Cai W, Liu S. MiR-375-3p regulates rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell activity by targeting Notch1 during hypoxia. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520926851. [PMID: 32644005 PMCID: PMC7350404 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520926851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMECs) exhibit specific responses in adaptation to hypoxia. However, the mechanisms regulating PMEC activities during hypoxia remain unclear. This study investigated the potential involvement of a microRNA, miR-375-3p, in the regulation of PMEC activities. Methods Primary PMECs were isolated from rats. The expression levels of miR-375-3p and Notch1 in the PMECs were detected by quantitative PCR and western blotting. Luciferase reporter assays were performed to explore the transcriptional regulation of Notch1 by miR-375-3p. The proliferation and chemotaxis of the PMECs were measured with the Cell Counting Kit-8 and Transwell invasion assays, respectively. Additionally, the capacity of hypoxia-treated PMECs for angiogenesis and inflammatory response was determined with tube formation assays and ELISA, respectively. Results The expression of miR-375-3p and Notch1 in the PMECs was significantly down-regulated and up-regulated during hypoxia, respectively. The results demonstrated that miR-375-3p directly targets Notch1 in PMECs, thereby suppressing the transcriptional expression of Notch1. It was further revealed that miR-375-3p regulates the proliferation, chemotaxis, angiogenesis, and inflammatory response of PMECs. Conclusions Our findings revealed the important role of miR-375-3p in the regulation of PMEC function and suggest the potential involvement of miR-375-3p in the development of lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan An
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Qinhuangdao Haigang Hospital, Heibei, P. R. China
| | - Ziquan Liu
- Institute of Disaster Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Hui Ding
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Qi Lv
- Institute of Disaster Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Haojun Fan
- Institute of Disaster Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Shike Hou
- Institute of Disaster Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Wei Cai
- Logistics College of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Sanli Liu
- Logistics College of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, P. R. China
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15
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Maeda K, Sasaki H, Ueda S, Miyamoto S, Terada S, Konishi H, Kogata Y, Ashihara K, Fujiwara S, Tanaka Y, Tanaka T, Hayashi M, Ito Y, Kondo Y, Ochiya T, Ohmichi M. Serum exosomal microRNA-34a as a potential biomarker in epithelial ovarian cancer. J Ovarian Res 2020; 13:47. [PMID: 32336272 PMCID: PMC7184688 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-020-00648-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer (OC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death in women, and thus an accurate diagnosis of the predisposition and its early detection is necessary. The aims of this study were to determine whether serum exosomal microRNA-34a (miR-34a) in ovarian cancer could be used as a potential biomarker. Methods Exosomes from OC patients’ serum were collected, and exosomal miRNAs were extracted. The relative expression of miR-34a was calculated from 58 OC samples by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results Serum exosomal miR-34a levels were significantly increased in early-stage OC patients compared with advanced-stage patients. Its levels were significantly lower in patients with lymph node metastasis than in those with no lymph node metastasis. Furthermore, its levels in the recurrence group were significantly lower than those in the recurrence-free group. Conclusions Serum exosomal miR-34a could be a potential biomarker for improving the diagnostic efficiency of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Maeda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Sasaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shoko Ueda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Miyamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinichi Terada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiromi Konishi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuhei Kogata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keisuke Ashihara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoe Fujiwara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshimichi Tanaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohito Tanaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masami Hayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuko Ito
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoichi Kondo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahide Ohmichi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
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16
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Abstract
Ovarian cancer has the worst survival rate because it is typically diagnosed at advanced stage. Despite treatment, the disease commonly recurs due to chemo-resistance. Liquid biopsy, based on minimally invasive blood tests, has the advantage of following tumor evolution in real time, offering novel insights on cancer prevention and treatment. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating cell-free microRNAs (cfmiRNAs) and circulating exosomes represent the major components of liquid biopsy. In this chapter, we provide an overview of recent research on CTCs, ctDNA, cfmiRNAs and exosomes in ovarian cancer. We also focus on the clinical value of liquid biopsy in early diagnosis, prognosis, treatment response, as well as screening in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Giannopoulou
- Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells Lab, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, University Campus, Athens, Greece
| | - Evi S Lianidou
- Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells Lab, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, University Campus, Athens, Greece.
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17
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Marí-Alexandre J, Carcelén AP, Agababyan C, Moreno-Manuel A, García-Oms J, Calabuig-Fariñas S, Gilabert-Estellés J. Interplay Between MicroRNAs and Oxidative Stress in Ovarian Conditions with a Focus on Ovarian Cancer and Endometriosis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215322. [PMID: 31731537 PMCID: PMC6862266 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer and endometriosis are two distinct gynaecological conditions that share many biological aspects incuding proliferation, invasion of surrounding tissue, inflammation, inhibition of apoptosis, deregulation of angiogenesis and the ability to spread at a distance. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs (19–22 nt) that act as post-transcriptional modulators of gene expression and are involved in several of the aforementioned processes. In addition, a growing body of evidence supports the contribution of oxidative stress (OS) to these gynaecological diseases: increased peritoneal OS due to the decomposition of retrograde menstruation blood facilitates both endometriotic lesion development and fallopian tube malignant transformation leading to high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Furthermore, as HGSOC develops, increased OS levels are associated with chemoresistance. Finally, continued bleeding within ovarian endometrioma raises OS levels and contributes to the development of endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (EAOC). Therefore, this review aims to address the need for a better understanding of the dialogue between miRNAs and oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of ovarian conditions: endometriosis, EAOC and HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Marí-Alexandre
- Research Laboratory in Biomarkers in Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Fundación Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, 46014 València, Spain; (C.A.); (J.G.-O.); (J.G.-E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-96-313-1893 (ext. 437211)
| | | | - Cristina Agababyan
- Research Laboratory in Biomarkers in Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Fundación Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, 46014 València, Spain; (C.A.); (J.G.-O.); (J.G.-E.)
- Comprehensive Multidisciplinary Endometriosis Unit, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de València, 46014 València, Spain
| | - Andrea Moreno-Manuel
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Fundación para la Investigación del Hospital General Universitario de València, 46014, València, Spain; (A.M.-M.); (S.C.-F.)
- TRIAL Mixed Unit, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe-Fundación para la Investigación del Hospital General Universitario de València, 46014 València, Spain
| | - Javier García-Oms
- Research Laboratory in Biomarkers in Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Fundación Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, 46014 València, Spain; (C.A.); (J.G.-O.); (J.G.-E.)
- Comprehensive Multidisciplinary Endometriosis Unit, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de València, 46014 València, Spain
| | - Silvia Calabuig-Fariñas
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Fundación para la Investigación del Hospital General Universitario de València, 46014, València, Spain; (A.M.-M.); (S.C.-F.)
- TRIAL Mixed Unit, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe-Fundación para la Investigación del Hospital General Universitario de València, 46014 València, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Universitat de València, 46010 València, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Cáncer (CIBERONC), 46014 València, Spain
| | - Juan Gilabert-Estellés
- Research Laboratory in Biomarkers in Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Fundación Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, 46014 València, Spain; (C.A.); (J.G.-O.); (J.G.-E.)
- Comprehensive Multidisciplinary Endometriosis Unit, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de València, 46014 València, Spain
- Department of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of València, 46010 València, Spain
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18
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Márton É, Lukács J, Penyige A, Janka E, Hegedüs L, Soltész B, Méhes G, Póka R, Nagy B, Szilágyi M. Circulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition-associated miRNAs are promising biomarkers in ovarian cancer. J Biotechnol 2019; 297:58-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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19
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Liquid biopsy in ovarian cancer: the potential of circulating miRNAs and exosomes. Transl Res 2019; 205:77-91. [PMID: 30391474 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer still remains the most lethal female cancer, since in most cases it is diagnosed at an advanced stage. Usually after completion of primary treatment chemoresistance occurs, and recurrent disease is finally observed. Liquid biopsy, based on minimally invasive and serial blood tests, has the advantage of following tumor evolution in real time, offering novel insights on precision medicine. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating cell-free microRNAs (cfmiRNAs) and circulating exosomes represent the major components of liquid biopsy analysis. Liquid biopsy has been already implemented in ovarian cancer, and most studies so far are mainly focused on CTCs and ctDNA. This review is mainly focused on the clinical potential of circulating miRNAs and exosomes as a source of liquid biopsy biomarkers in ovarian cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and response to treatment.
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20
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Su YY, Sun L, Guo ZR, Li JC, Bai TT, Cai XX, Li WH, Zhu YF. Upregulated expression of serum exosomal miR-375 and miR-1307 enhance the diagnostic power of CA125 for ovarian cancer. J Ovarian Res 2019; 12:6. [PMID: 30670062 PMCID: PMC6341583 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-018-0477-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer (OC) is associated with high mortality in gynecological oncology; this is mainly due to the low diagnosis rate. Exosomal miRNA has demonstrated potential as a tumor biomarker. We aimed to explore the diagnostic potential of serum exosomal miR-1307 and miR-375 for OC. Methods The first six candidate miRNAs were selected from the previous literature. The relative quantification of qRT-PCR was used to screen for the stability of exosomal miRNAs, followed by validation of the cohort. ROC analysis was employed to analyze the specificity and sensitivity of exosomal miRNA. Results MiR-1307 and miR-375 were confirmed stably existing in serum exosomes of OC. Moreover, miR-1307 and miR-375 were both significantly up-regulated in serum exosomes of OC compared to ovarian benign and healthy groups. The overexpressed miRNAs showed independent diagnostic power and enhanced the diagnostic accuracy of traditional biomarkers when combined with CA-125 and HE4. MiR-1307 was associated with tumor staging, and miR-375 was associated with lymph node metastasis of OC. Conclusion Our results suggest that serum exosomal miR-1307 and miR-375 could serve as potential tumor biomarkers to improve diagnostic efficiency for OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ying Su
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Sun
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhi Rui Guo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin Chang Li
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Ting Bai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Xiao Cai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Han Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye Fei Zhu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu, China.
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21
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Kobayashi M, Sawada K, Nakamura K, Yoshimura A, Miyamoto M, Shimizu A, Ishida K, Nakatsuka E, Kodama M, Hashimoto K, Mabuchi S, Kimura T. Exosomal miR-1290 is a potential biomarker of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma and can discriminate patients from those with malignancies of other histological types. J Ovarian Res 2018; 11:81. [PMID: 30219071 PMCID: PMC6138886 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-018-0458-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background microRNAs (miRNAs) stably exist in circulating blood encapsulated in extracellular vesicles such as exosomes; therefore, serum miRNAs have the potential to serve as novel cancer biomarkers. New diagnostic markers to detect high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) are urgently needed. The aim of this study was to identify miRNAs specific to HGSOC and analyze whether serum miRNA can discriminate HGSOC patients from healthy controls or patients with ovarian malignancies of other histological types. Methods Exosomes from ovarian cancer cell lines were collected and exosomal miRNAs extracted. miRNA microarray analysis revealed several elevated miRNAs specific to HGSOC. Among these, we focused on miR-1290. Sera from 70 ovarian cancer patients and 13 healthy controls were gathered and its expression levels detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results In HGSOC patients, serum miR-1290 was significantly overexpressed compared to in healthy controls (3.52 fold; P = 0.03), unlike in patients with ovarian cancers of other histological types. The relative expression of miR-1290 was higher in advanced stages of HGSOC than in early stages (4.23 vs. 1.58; P = 0.23). Its expression significantly decreased after operation (5.87 to 1.17; P < 0.01), indicating that this miRNA reflects tumor burden. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that at the cut-off of 1.20, the sensitivity and specificity were 63% and 85% respectively for discriminating patients with HGSOC (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.71) from healthy controls, and at the cut-off of 1.55, the sensitivity and specificity were 47% and 85% respectively for discriminating patients with HGSOC (AUC = 0.76) from those with malignancies of other histological types. Conclusions Serum miR-1290 is significantly elevated in patients with HGSOC and can be used to discriminate these patients from those with malignancies of other histological types; it is a new potential diagnostic biomarker for HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Kobayashi
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Sawada
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Koji Nakamura
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Akihiko Yoshimura
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mayuko Miyamoto
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Aasa Shimizu
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kyoso Ishida
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Erika Nakatsuka
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Michiko Kodama
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kae Hashimoto
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Seiji Mabuchi
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kimura
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Finotti A, Allegretti M, Gasparello J, Giacomini P, Spandidos DA, Spoto G, Gambari R. Liquid biopsy and PCR-free ultrasensitive detection systems in oncology (Review). Int J Oncol 2018; 53:1395-1434. [PMID: 30085333 PMCID: PMC6086621 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In oncology, liquid biopsy is used in the detection of next-generation analytes, such as tumor cells, cell-free nucleic acids and exosomes in peripheral blood and other body fluids from cancer patients. It is considered one of the most advanced non-invasive diagnostic systems to enable clinically relevant actions and implement precision medicine. Medical actions include, but are not limited to, early diagnosis, staging, prognosis, anticipation (lead time) and the prediction of therapy responses, as well as follow-up. Historically, the applications of liquid biopsy in cancer have focused on circulating tumor cells (CTCs). More recently, this analysis has been extended to circulating free DNA (cfDNA) and microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) associated with cancer, with potential applications for development into multi-marker diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic signatures. Liquid biopsies avoid some key limitations of conventional tumor tissue biopsies, including invasive tumor sampling, under-representation of tumor heterogeneity and poor description of clonal evolution during metastatic dissemination, strongly reducing the need for multiple sampling. On the other hand, this approach suffers from important drawbacks, i.e., the fragmentation of cfDNA, the instability of RNA, the low concentrations of certain analytes in body fluids and the confounding presence of normal, as well as aberrant DNAs and RNAs. For these reasons, the analysis of cfDNA has been mostly focused on mutations arising in, and pathognomonicity of, tumor DNA, while the analysis of cfRNA has been mostly focused on miRNA patterns strongly associated with neoplastic transformation/progression. This review lists some major applicative areas, briefly addresses how technology is bypassing liquid biopsy limitations, and places a particular emphasis on novel, PCR-free platforms. The ongoing collaborative efforts of major international consortia are reviewed. In addition to basic and applied research, we will consider technological transfer, including patents, patent applications and available information on clinical trials aimed at verifying the potential of liquid biopsy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Finotti
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Matteo Allegretti
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Jessica Gasparello
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Patrizio Giacomini
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Giuseppe Spoto
- Department of Chemistry, Catania University, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Roberto Gambari
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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