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Wang L, Ma J, Chen C, Lin B, Xie S, Yang W, Qian J, Zhang Y. Isoquercitrin alleviates pirarubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in vivo and in vitro by inhibiting apoptosis through Phlpp1/AKT/Bcl-2 signaling pathway. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1315001. [PMID: 38562460 PMCID: PMC10982373 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1315001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Due to the cardiotoxicity of pirarubicin (THP), it is necessary to investigate new compounds for the treatment of THP-induced cardiotoxicity. Isoquercitrin (IQC) is a natural flavonoid with anti-oxidant and anti-apoptosis properties. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the influence of IQC on preventing the THP-induced cardiotoxicity in vivo and in vitro. Methods: The optimal concentration and time required for IQC to prevent THP-induced cardiomyocyte damage were determined by an MTT assay. The protective effect was further verified in H9c2 and HCM cells using dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate fluorescent probes, MitoTracker Red probe, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, JC-1 probe, and real time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Rats were administered THP to establish cardiotoxicity. An electrocardiogram (ECG) was performed, and cardiac hemodynamics, myocardial enzymes, oxidative stress indicators, and hematoxylin-eosin staining were studied. Voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), adenine nucleotide translocase 1 (ANT1), and cyclophilin D (CYPD) were detected by qRT-PCR, and the Phlpp1/AKT/Bcl-2 axis proteins were detected by western blot, confirming that IQC markedly increased cell viability and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, diminished the levels of ROS and MDA, and elevated mitochondrial function and apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. Results: Results showed that IQC reduced THP-induced myocardial histopathological injury, electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities, and cardiac dysfunction in vivo. IQC also decreased serum levels of MDA, BNP, CK-MB, c-TnT, and LDH, while increasing levels of SOD and GSH. We also found that IQC significantly reduced VDAC1, ANT1, and CYPD mRNA expression. In addition, IQC controlled apoptosis by modulating Phlpp1/AKT/Bcl-2 signaling pathways. IQC markedly increased H9c2 and HCM cell viability and SOD levels, diminished the levels of ROS and MDA, and elevated mitochondrial function in H9c2 and HCM cells to defend against THP-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis in vitro. The AKT inhibitor IMQ demonstrated that IQC lacked antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties. Moreover, our data showed that IQC regulates Phlpp1 expression, thereby influencing the expression levels of p-AKT, cytochrome c, caspase-3, caspase-9, Bcl-2, and Bax. Discussion: In conclusion, our results indicate that IQC protects the changes in mitochondrial membrane permeability in cardiomyocytes by regulating the Phlpp1/AKT/Bcl-2 signaling pathway, inhibits the release of cytc from the mitochondrial inner membrane to the cytoplasm, forms apoptotic bodies, induces cell apoptosis, and reduces THP induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina and School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiulong Ma
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Bin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Pharmacy and Individualized Therapy of Huzhou, Department of Pharmacy, Changxing People’s Hospital, Huzhou, China
| | - Sicong Xie
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina and School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiwei Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina and School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiajia Qian
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina and School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina and School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Jilin, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Pharmacy and Individualized Therapy of Huzhou, Department of Pharmacy, Changxing People’s Hospital, Huzhou, China
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Zhang Y, Ma J, Liu S, Chen C, Li Q, Qin M, Ren L. Ginsenoside F1 attenuates pirarubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by modulating Nrf2 and AKT/Bcl-2 signaling pathways. J Ginseng Res 2023; 47:106-116. [PMID: 36644383 PMCID: PMC9834006 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pirarubicin (THP) is an anthracycline antibiotic used to treat various malignancies in humans. The clinical usefulness of THP is unfortunately limited by its dose-related cardiotoxicity. Ginsenoside F1 (GF1) is a metabolite formed when the ginsenosides Re and Rg1 are hydrolyzed. However, the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of GF1 on THP-induced cardiotoxicity remain unclear. Methods We investigated the anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative stress effects of GF1 on an in vitro model, using H9c2 cells stimulated by THP, plus trigonelline or AKT inhibitor imidazoquinoxaline (IMQ), as well as an in vivo model using THP-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent test, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), creatine kinase (CK-MB), cardiac troponin (c-TnT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) were determined. Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived2)-like 2 (Nrf2) and the expression of Nrf2 target genes, including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), glutathione-S-transferase (Gst), glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit (GCLM), and expression levels of AKT/Bcl-2 signaling pathway proteins were detected using Western blot analysis. Results THP-induced myocardial histopathological damage, electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities, and cardiac dysfunction were reduced in vivo by GF1. GF1 also decreased MDA, BNP, CK-MB, c-TnT, and LDH levels in the serum, while raising SOD and GSH levels. GF1 boosted Nrf2 nuclear translocation and Nrf2 target gene expression, including HO-1, Gst, and GCLM. Furthermore, GF1 regulated apoptosis by activating AKT/Bcl-2 signaling pathways. Employing Nrf2 inhibitor trigonelline and AKT inhibitor IMQ revealed that GF1 lacked antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects. Conclusion In conclusion, GF1 was found to alleviate THP-induced cardiotoxicity via modulating Nrf2 and AKT/Bcl-2 signaling pathways, ultimately alleviating myocardial oxidative stress and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Jilin, China,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiulong Ma
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Meng Qin
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Liqun Ren
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Jilin, China,Corresponding author. Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, 1266 Fujin Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China.
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Zhang Y, Li Q, Xu D, Li T, Gu Z, Huang P, Ren L. Idarubicin-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes: An in vitro molecular approach. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:S553-S562. [PMID: 34787021 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211033774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Idarubicin (IDA) is an anthracycline antibiotic, frequently used for the treatment of various human cancers. In vivo rodent model studies have identified a variety of possible adverse outcomes from IDA including heart effects like increased heart weights, myocardial histopathological injury, electrocardiogram abnormalities, and cardiac dysfunction. Despite significant investigations, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the cardiotoxicity of IDA have not been fully clarified. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of IDA on the HL-1 cardiac muscle cell. Different concentrations of IDA (10-6, 10-5, 10-4, and 10-3 M) were used at different time (6, 12, 24, and 48 h) periods, and the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8); 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) probe method; and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to detect the oxidative stress level. In addition, we used network analysis to predict IDA-induced cardiotoxicity. The TUNEL assay, qRT-PCR, ELISA assay, and Western blotting detection of related apoptotic factors including caspase family, Bax, and Bcl-2. Overall, we found that IDA was generally more toxic at high concentrations or extended durations of exposure. At the same time, IDA can increase the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and decrease the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH) in cells, and increase the content of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the medium. Network analysis showed that the apoptosis signaling pathway was activated; specifically, the caspase family was involved in the signal pathway. The results of the TUNEL assay, qRT-PCR, ELISA, and Western blot found that IDA can activate apoptotic factors. The mechanism may be related to the activation of apoptosis signaling pathway. These results indicate that the cardiotoxic effects of IDA are most likely associated with oxidative stress and ROS formation, which finally ends in apoptotic factors' activation and induction of cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, 12510Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, 12510Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Pathology, 154516The Third Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Dongsheng Xu
- Cancer Center, 12510The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tengteng Li
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, 12510Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zehui Gu
- Department of Pathology, 154516The Third Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, 12510Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Liqun Ren
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, 12510Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Roman B, Kaur P, Ashok D, Kohr M, Biswas R, O'Rourke B, Steenbergen C, Das S. Nuclear-mitochondrial communication involving miR-181c plays an important role in cardiac dysfunction during obesity. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 144:87-96. [PMID: 32442661 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS In cardiomyocytes, there is microRNA (miR) in the mitochondria that originates from the nuclear genome and matures in the cytoplasm before translocating into the mitochondria. Overexpression of one such miR, miR-181c, can lead to heart failure by stimulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and increasing mitochondrial calcium level ([Ca2+]m). Mitochondrial calcium uptake 1 protein (MICU1), a regulatory protein in the mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex, plays an important role in regulating [Ca2+]m. Obesity results in miR-181c overexpression and a decrease in MICU1. We hypothesize that lowering miR-181c would protect against obesity-induced cardiac dysfunction. METHODS AND RESULTS We used an in vivo mouse model of high-fat diet (HFD) for 18 weeks and induced high lipid load in H9c2 cells with oleate-conjugated bovine serum albumin in vitro. We tested the cardioprotective role of lowering miR-181c by using miR-181c/d-/- mice (in vivo) and AntagomiR against miR-181c (in vitro). HFD significantly upregulated heart levels of miR-181c and led to cardiac hypertrophy in wild-type mice, but not in miR-181c/d-/- mice. HFD also increased ROS production and pyruvate dehydrogenase activity (a surrogate for [Ca2+]m), but the increases were alleviated in miR-181c/d-/- mice. Moreover, miR-181c/d-/- mice fed a HFD had higher levels of MICU1 than did wild-type mice fed a HFD, attenuating the rise in [Ca2+]m. Overexpression of miR-181c in neonatal ventricular cardiomyocytes (NMVM) caused increased ROS production, which oxidized transcription factor Sp1 and led to a loss of Sp1, thereby slowing MICU1 transcription. Hence, miR-181c increases [Ca2+]m through Sp1 oxidation and downregulation of MICU1, suggesting that the cardioprotective effect of miR-181c/d-/- results from inhibition of Sp1 oxidation. CONCLUSION This study has identified a unique nuclear-mitochondrial communication mechanism in the heart orchestrated by miR-181c. Obesity-induced overexpression of miR-181c increases [Ca2+]m via downregulation of MICU1 and leads to cardiac injury. A strategy to inhibit miR-181c in cardiomyocytes can preserve cardiac function during obesity by improving mitochondrial function. Altering miR-181c expression may provide a pharmacologic approach to improve cardiomyopathy in individuals with obesity/type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Roman
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Pawandeep Kaur
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Deepthi Ashok
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Mark Kohr
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Roopa Biswas
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Brian O'Rourke
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Charles Steenbergen
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America.
| | - Samarjit Das
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America; Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America.
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Luteolin Suppresses the Proliferation of Gastric Cancer Cells and Acts in Synergy with Oxaliplatin. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:9396512. [PMID: 32149146 PMCID: PMC7057019 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9396512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective. Gastric cancer, one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, arises from the gastric mucosal epithelium and severely affects patient health and quality of life. Luteolin (LUT) is a flavonoid found in vegetables and fruits with diverse functions. A large number of studies have confirmed that LUT has an antitumor effect. Therefore, this study is aimed at verifying whether LUT can exert antitumor effects in synergy with oxaliplatin (OXA). As such, we examined the effects of LUT, OXA, and their coadministration in a gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (SGC-7901). We used the MTT assay to quantify the proliferation of SGC-7901 cells, flow cytometry to detect the cell cycle and apoptosis, ELISA to detect the expression of cell-cycle-related proteins, and western blot to detect the expression of related apoptotic factors. The results of this study show that the combination of LUT and OXA inhibited SGC-7901 cell proliferation and induced apoptosis by altering cell-cycle proportions. In addition, the combination also activated Cyt c/caspase signaling in SGC-7901 cells. In summary, LUT synergy with OXA inhibited the proliferation of gastric cancer cells in vitro. The present study also elucidated the mechanism by which LUT potentiated the sensitivity of SGC-7901 cells to OXA through the Cyt c/caspase pathway.
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Zhang Y, Ma XY, Zhang T, Qin M, Sun B, Li Q, Hu DW, Ren LQ. Protective Effects of Apocynum venetum Against Pirarubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2019; 47:1075-1097. [PMID: 31311298 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x19500551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pirarubicin (THP) is an anthracycline antibiotic, frequently used for the treatment of various human cancers. Unfortunately, the clinical effectiveness of THP is limited by its dose-related cardiotoxicity. Apocynum leaf extract is an extract of the dried leaves of Apocynum venetum L. (a member of the Apocynaceae family, AVLE) that has many positive effects on the cardiovascular system and is widely consumed as tea in China. In this study we established a cardiactoxicity rat model, which showed that pretreatment with AVLE attenuated THP-induced myocardial histopathological injury, electrocardiogram abnormalities, and cardiac dysfunction. AVLE also significantly reduced serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), creatine kinase (CK-MB), cardiac troponin (CTnT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH); and increased serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Treatment with AVLE or dexrazoxane (DZR) resulted in an increase Cytochrome C (cytc) in the mitochondria and reduced Cytc and cleaved-caspase-3 levels (p<0.05) in cytoplasm. We also found that AVLE significantly reduced voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), adenosine nucleotide transporter 1 (ANT1), and cyclophilin D (CYPD) mRNA expression (p<0.05). Furthermore, AVLE appeared to exert therapeutic effects in a dose-dependent manner. Our study suggests the anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic properties of AVLE may be responsible for the observed cardioprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- *Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yan Ma
- ‡Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Tong Zhang
- *Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Meng Qin
- *Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Bo Sun
- *Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Qi Li
- *Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Dian-Wen Hu
- †Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface, Chemistry of Jilin Province, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Li-Qun Ren
- *Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
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Li Q, Liao C, Xu W, Li G, Hong K, Cheng X, Li J. Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group D (XPD) Inhibits the Proliferation Cycle of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell (VSMC) by Activating Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β (GSK3β). Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:5951-5959. [PMID: 30146633 PMCID: PMC6122044 DOI: 10.12659/msm.909614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND VSMC proliferation plays a key role in atherosclerosis, but the role of XPD in VSMC proliferation remains unknown. We investigated the expression of XPD, which is involved in cell cycle regulation, and its role in VSMC proliferation response to atherogenic stimuli. MATERIAL AND METHODS Human umbilical vein VSMCs were transfected with recombinant plasmid pEGFP-N2/XPD and pEGFP-N2 and incubated with PDGF-BB in vitro. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. The expressions of XPD, GSK3β, p-GSK3β, CDK4, and cyclin D1 protein were detected by Western blot analysis. Cell cycle was examined by flow cytometry. RESULTS PDGF inhibited the expression of XPD in VSMCs and promoted VSMC proliferation. Overexpression of XPD significantly augmented cell cycle arrest, and attenuated protein expression levels of CDK4 and cyclin D1 in VSMCs. XPD overexpression suppressed the effects of PDGF-BB in promoting G1/S transition and accelerating protein expression levels of CDK4 and cyclin D1. XPD diminished the phosphorylation of GSK3β, and SB216763 inhibited the reduction effect of XPD on CDK4 and cyclin D1. CONCLUSIONS XPD induces VSMC cell cycle arrest, and the activation of GSK3β plays a crucial role in inhibitory effect of XPD on VSMC proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China (mainland).,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Chunyao Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Wang Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Genlin Li
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Kui Hong
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaoshu Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Juxiang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
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Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known as the master regulators of gene expression, and for the last two decades our knowledge of their functional reach keeps expanding. Recent studies have shown that a miRNA’s role in regulation extends to extracellular and intracellular organelles. Several studies have shown a role for miRNA in regulating the mitochondrial genome in normal and disease conditions. Mitochondrial dysfunction occurs in many human pathologies, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, and neurological diseases. These studies have shed some light on regulation of the mitochondrial genome as well as helped to explain the role of miRNA in altering mitochondrial function and the ensuing effects on cells. Although the field has grown in recent years, many questions still remain. For example, little is known about how nuclear-encoded miRNAs translocate to the mitochondrial matrix. Knowledge of the mechanisms of miRNA transport into the mitochondrial matrix is likely to provide important insights into our understanding of disease pathophysiology and could represent new targets for therapeutic intervention. For this review, our focus will be on the role of a subset of miRNAs, known as MitomiR, in mitochondrial function. We also discuss the potential mechanisms used by these nuclear-encoded miRNAs for import into the mitochondrial compartment. Listen to this article’s corresponding podcast at http://ajpheart.podbean.com/e/microrna-translocation-into-the-mitochondria/ .
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samarjit Das
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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Wang YD, Zhang Y, Sun B, Leng XW, Li YJ, Ren LQ. Cardioprotective effects of rutin in rats exposed to pirarubicin toxicity. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2018; 20:361-373. [PMID: 29078725 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2017.1394292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We established both an acute and chronic cardiac toxicity rat model, which showed pretreatment with rutin attenuated pirarubicin-induced myocardial histopathological injury, electrocardiogram abnormalities, and cardiac dysfunction. Rutin also significantly reduced serum levels of MDA, BNP, CK-MB, CTnT, and LDH and increased serum SOD levels. Treatment with rutin and dexrazoxane resulted in an increase in Bcl-2/Bax ratio (p < 0.05) and reduction in JNK and Caspase-3 protein levels, compared to the pirarubicin group (all p < 0.05). Furthermore, rutin at a dose of 50 mg/kg significantly attenuated the above-mentioned alterations. Our study suggests the antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties of rutin may be responsible for the cardioprotective effects observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Di Wang
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy , Jilin University , Changchun 130021 , China
- b Department of Oncology , The Third Affiliated Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University , Jinzhou 121012 , China
| | - Yang Zhang
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy , Jilin University , Changchun 130021 , China
| | - Bo Sun
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy , Jilin University , Changchun 130021 , China
| | - Xiao-Wei Leng
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy , Jilin University , Changchun 130021 , China
| | - Ya-Juan Li
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy , Jilin University , Changchun 130021 , China
| | - Li-Qun Ren
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy , Jilin University , Changchun 130021 , China
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Zhang X, Zong W, Cheng W, Han X. Codelivery of doxorubicin and sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate using multicompartmentalized vesosomes to enhance synergism and prevent doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:5243-5247. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb01136b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin, one of the most effective antitumor drugs, causes serious adverse cardiac effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- China
| | - Wei Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- China
| | - Wenlong Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Monash University
- Australia
| | - Xiaojun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- China
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Das S, Kohr M, Dunkerly-Eyring B, Lee DI, Bedja D, Kent OA, Leung AKL, Henao-Mejia J, Flavell RA, Steenbergen C. Divergent Effects of miR-181 Family Members on Myocardial Function Through Protective Cytosolic and Detrimental Mitochondrial microRNA Targets. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:JAHA.116.004694. [PMID: 28242633 PMCID: PMC5524005 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.004694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background MicroRNA (miRNA) is a type of noncoding RNA that can repress the expression of target genes through posttranscriptional regulation. In addition to numerous physiologic roles for miRNAs, they play an important role in pathophysiologic processes affecting cardiovascular health. Previously, we reported that nuclear encoded microRNA (miR‐181c) is present in heart mitochondria, and importantly, its overexpression affects mitochondrial function by regulating mitochondrial gene expression. Methods and Results To investigate further how the miR‐181 family affects the heart, we suppressed miR‐181 using a miR‐181‐sponge containing 10 repeated complementary miR‐181 “seed” sequences and generated a set of H9c2 cells, a cell line derived from rat myoblast, by stably expressing either a scrambled or miR‐181‐sponge sequence. Sponge‐H9c2 cells showed a decrease in reactive oxygen species production and reduced basal mitochondrial respiration and protection against doxorubicin‐induced oxidative stress. We also found that miR‐181a/b targets phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), and the sponge‐expressing stable cells had increased PTEN activity and decreased PI3K signaling. In addition, we have used miR‐181a/b−/− and miR‐181c/d−/− knockout mice and subjected them to ischemia‐reperfusion injury. Our results suggest divergent effects of different miR‐181 family members: miR‐181a/b targets PTEN in the cytosol, resulting in an increase in infarct size in miR‐181a/b−/− mice due to increased PTEN signaling, whereas miR‐181c targets mt‐COX1 in the mitochondria, resulting in decreased infarct size in miR‐181c/d−/− mice. Conclusions The miR‐181 family alters the myocardial response to oxidative stress, notably with detrimental effects by targeting mt‐COX1 (miR‐181c) or with protection by targeting PTEN (miR‐181a/b).
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Affiliation(s)
- Samarjit Das
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Mark Kohr
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Dong I Lee
- Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Djahida Bedja
- Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Oliver A Kent
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony K L Leung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jorge Henao-Mejia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.,Division of Transplant Immunology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.,Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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Srinivasan H, Das S. Mitochondrial miRNA (MitomiR): a new player in cardiovascular health. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2015; 93:855-61. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2014-0500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is one of the major causes of human morbidity and mortality in the world. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs that regulate gene expression and are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of heart diseases, but the translocation phenomenon and the mode of action in mitochondria are largely unknown. Recent mitochondrial proteome analysis unveiled at least 2000 proteins, of which only 13 are made by the mitochondrial genome. There are numerous studies demonstrating the translocation of proteins into the mitochondria and also translocation of ribosomal RNA (viz., 5S rRNA) into mitochondria. Recent studies have suggested that miRNAs contain sequence elements that affect their subcellular localization, particularly nuclear localization. If there are sequence elements that direct miRNAs to the nucleus, it is also possible that similar sequence elements exist to direct miRNAs to the mitochondria. In this review we have summarized most of the miRNAs that have been shown to play an important role in mitochondrial function, either by regulating mitochondrial genes or by regulating nuclear genes that are known to influence mitochondrial function. While the focus of this review is cardiovascular diseases, we also illustrate the role of mitochondrial miRNA (MitomiR) in the initiation and progression of various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, and cancer. Our goal here is to summarize the miRNAs that are localized to the mitochondrial fraction of cells, and how these miRNAs modulate cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemalatha Srinivasan
- Department School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Samarjit Das
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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de Lima Portella R, Lynn Bickta J, Shiva S. Nitrite Confers Preconditioning and Cytoprotection After Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Through the Modulation of Mitochondrial Function. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 23:307-27. [PMID: 26094636 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2015.6260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Nitrite is now recognized as an intrinsic signaling molecule that mediates a number of biological processes. One of the most reproducible effects of nitrite is its ability to mediate cytoprotection after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). This robust phenomenon has been reproduced by a number of investigators in varying animal models focusing on different target organs. Furthermore, nitrite's cytoprotective versatility is highlighted by its ability to mediate delayed preconditioning and remote conditioning in addition to acute protection. RECENT ADVANCES In the last 10 years, significant progress has been made in elucidating the mechanisms underlying nitrite-mediated ischemic tolerance. CRITICAL ISSUES The mitochondrion, which is essential to both the progression of I/R injury and the protection afforded by preconditioning, has emerged as a major subcellular target for nitrite. This review will outline the role of the mitochondrion in I/R injury and preconditioning, review the accumulated preclinical studies demonstrating nitrite-mediated cytoprotection, and finally focus on the known interactions of nitrite with mitochondria and their role in the mechanism of nitrite-mediated ischemic tolerance. FUTURE DIRECTIONS These studies set the stage for current clinical trials testing the efficacy of nitrite to prevent warm and cold I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael de Lima Portella
- 1 Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Janelle Lynn Bickta
- 1 Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sruti Shiva
- 1 Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,3 Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,4 Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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miR-181c regulates the mitochondrial genome, bioenergetics, and propensity for heart failure in vivo. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96820. [PMID: 24810628 PMCID: PMC4014556 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs, which inhibit the stability and/or translation of a mRNA. miRNAs have been found to play a powerful role in various cardiovascular diseases. Recently, we have demonstrated that a microRNA (miR-181c) can be encoded in the nucleus, processed to the mature form in the cytosol, translocated into the mitochondria, and ultimately can regulate mitochondrial gene expression. However the in vivo impact of miR-181c is unknown. Here we report an in-vivo method for administration of miR-181c in rats, which leads to reduced exercise capacity and signs of heart failure, by targeting the 3′-end of mt-COX1 (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1). We cloned miR-181c and packaged it in lipid-based nanoparticles for systemic delivery. The plasmid DNA complexed nanovector shows no apparent toxicity. We find that the mRNA levels of mitochondrial complex IV genes in the heart, but not any other mitochondrial genes, are significantly altered with miR-181c overexpression, suggesting selective mitochondrial complex IV remodeling due to miR-181c targeting mt-COX1. Isolated heart mitochondrial studies showed significantly altered O2-consumption, ROS production, matrix calcium, and mitochondrial membrane potential in miR-181c-treated animals. For the first time, this study shows that miRNA delivered to the heart in-vivo can lead to cardiac dysfunction by regulating mitochondrial genes.
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Dahl G, Qiu F, Wang J. The bizarre pharmacology of the ATP release channel pannexin1. Neuropharmacology 2013; 75:583-93. [PMID: 23499662 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Revised: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Pannexins were originally thought to represent a second and redundant family of gap junction proteins in addition to the well characterized connexins. However, it is now evident that pannexins function as unapposed membrane channels and the major role of Panx1 is that of an ATP release channel. Despite the contrasting functional roles, connexins, innexins and pannexins share pharmacological properties. Most gap junction blockers also attenuate the function of Panx1, including carbenoxolone, mefloquine and flufenamic acid. However, in contrast to connexin based gap junction channels, Panx1 channel activity can be attenuated by several groups of drugs hitherto considered very specific for other proteins. The drugs affecting Panx1 channels include several transport inhibitors, chloride channel blockers, mitochondrial inhibitors, P2X7 receptor ligands, inflammasome inhibitors and malaria drugs. These observations indicate that Panx1 may play an extended role in a wider spectrum of physiological functions. Alternatively, Panx1 may share structural domains with other proteins, not readily revealed by sequence alignments. This article is part of the Special Issue Section entitled 'Current Pharmacology of Gap Junction Channels and Hemichannels'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Dahl
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami, School of Medicine, PO Box 016430, Miami, FL 33101, USA.
| | - Feng Qiu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami, School of Medicine, PO Box 016430, Miami, FL 33101, USA
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami, School of Medicine, PO Box 016430, Miami, FL 33101, USA
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Effect of taurine on ischemia–reperfusion injury. Amino Acids 2012; 46:21-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-012-1378-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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