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Yuan J, Guo L, Ma J, Zhang H, Xiao M, Li N, Gong H, Yan M. HMGB1 as an extracellular pro-inflammatory cytokine: Implications for drug-induced organic damage. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:55. [PMID: 39008169 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09893-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Drug-induced organic damage encompasses various intricate mechanisms, wherein HMGB1, a non-histone chromosome-binding protein, assumes a significant role as a pivotal hub gene. The regulatory functions of HMGB1 within the nucleus and extracellular milieu are interlinked. HMGB1 exerts a crucial regulatory influence on key biological processes including cell survival, inflammatory regulation, and immune response. HMGB1 can be released extracellularly from the cell during these processes, where it functions as a pro-inflammation cytokine. HMGB1 interacts with multiple cell membrane receptors, primarily Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), to stimulate immune cells and trigger inflammatory response. The excessive or uncontrolled HMGB1 release leads to heightened inflammatory responses and cellular demise, instigating inflammatory damage or exacerbating inflammation and cellular demise in different diseases. Therefore, a thorough review on the significance of HMGB1 in drug-induced organic damage is highly important for the advancement of pharmaceuticals, ensuring their effectiveness and safety in treating inflammation as well as immune-related diseases. In this review, we initially outline the characteristics and functions of HMGB1, emphasizing their relevance in disease pathology. Then, we comprehensively summarize the prospect of HMGB1 as a promising therapeutic target for treating drug-induced toxicity. Lastly, we discuss major challenges and propose potential avenues for advancing the development of HMGB1-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- JianYe Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
- International Research Center for Precision Medicine, Transformative Technology and Software Services, Hunan, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, The Eight Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
- International Research Center for Precision Medicine, Transformative Technology and Software Services, Hunan, China
| | - JiaTing Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
- International Research Center for Precision Medicine, Transformative Technology and Software Services, Hunan, China
| | - HeJian Zhang
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - MingXuan Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
- International Research Center for Precision Medicine, Transformative Technology and Software Services, Hunan, China
| | - Ning Li
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
- International Research Center for Precision Medicine, Transformative Technology and Software Services, Hunan, China
| | - Miao Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China.
- International Research Center for Precision Medicine, Transformative Technology and Software Services, Hunan, China.
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Scalise S, Zannino C, Lucchino V, Lo Conte M, Abbonante V, Benedetto GL, Scalise M, Gambardella A, Parrotta EI, Cuda G. Ascorbic acid mitigates the impact of oxidative stress in a human model of febrile seizure and mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5941. [PMID: 38467734 PMCID: PMC10928078 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56680-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Prolonged febrile seizures (FS) in children are linked to the development of temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). The association between these two pathologies may be ascribed to the long-term effects that FS exert on neural stem cells, negatively affecting the generation of new neurons. Among the insults associated with FS, oxidative stress is noteworthy. Here, we investigated the consequences of exposure to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in an induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem cells (iNSCs) model of a patient affected by FS and MTLE. In our study, we compare the findings from the MTLE patient with those derived from iNSCs of a sibling exhibiting a milder phenotype defined only by FS, as well as a healthy individual. In response to H2O2 treatment, iNSCs derived from MTLE patients demonstrated an elevated production of reactive oxygen species and increased apoptosis, despite the higher expression levels of antioxidant genes and proteins compared to other cell lines analysed. Among the potential causative mechanisms of enhanced vulnerability of MTLE patient iNSCs to oxidative stress, we found that these cells express low levels of the heat shock protein HSPB1 and of the autophagy adaptor SQSTM1/p62. Pre-treatment of diseased iNSCs with the antioxidant molecule ascorbic acid restored HSBP1 and p62 expression and simultaneously reduced the levels of ROS and apoptosis. Our findings suggest the potential for rescuing the impaired oxidative stress response in diseased iNSCs through antioxidant treatment, offering a promising mechanism to prevent FS degeneration in MTLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Scalise
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Clara Zannino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valeria Lucchino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Michela Lo Conte
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vittorio Abbonante
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giorgia Lucia Benedetto
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Mariangela Scalise
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Gambardella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Elvira Immacolata Parrotta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Cuda
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
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Sun T, Dong C, Xiong S. Cardiomyocyte-derived HMGB1 takes a protective role in CVB3-induced viral myocarditis via inhibiting cardiac apoptosis. Immunol Cell Biol 2023; 101:735-745. [PMID: 37253434 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)-induced viral myocarditis (VMC) is characterized by immune cell infiltration and myocardial damage. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a highly conserved nuclear DNA-binding protein that participates in DNA replication, transcriptional regulation, repair response and inflammatory response in different disease models. To investigate the exact function of HMGB1 in CVB3-induced VMC, we crossed Hmgb1-floxed (Hmgb1f/f ) mice with mice carrying a suitable Cre recombinase transgenic strain to achieve conditional inactivation of the Hmgb1 gene in a cardiomyocyte-specific manner and to establish myocarditis. In this study, we found that cardiomyocyte-specific Hmgb1-deficient (Hmgb1f/f TgCre/+ ) mice exhibited exacerbated myocardial injury. Hmgb1-deficient cardiomyocytes may promote early apoptosis via the p53-mediated Bax mitochondrial pathway, as evidenced by the higher localization of p53 protein in the cytosol of Hmgb1-deficient cardiomyocytes upon CVB3 infection. Moreover, cardiomyocyte Hmgb1-deficient mice are more susceptible to cardiac dysfunction after infection. This study provides new insights into HMGB1 in VMC pathogenesis and a strategy for appropriate blocking of HMGB1 in the clinical treatment of VMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianle Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chunsheng Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Sidong Xiong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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4
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Lu P, Li Y, Dai G, Zhang Y, Shi L, Zhang M, Wang H, Rui Y. HMGB1: a potential new target for tendinopathy treatment. Connect Tissue Res 2023; 64:362-375. [PMID: 37032550 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2023.2199089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Tendinopathy describes a complex pathology of the tendon characterized by abnormalities in the microstructure, composition, and cellularity of the tendon, leading to pain, limitation of activity and reduced function. Nevertheless, the mechanism of tendinopathy has not been fully elucidated, and the treatment of tendinopathy remains a challenge. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a highly conserved and multifaceted nuclear protein, exerts multiple roles and high functional variability and is involved in many biological and pathological processes. In recent years, several studies have suggested that HMGB1 is associated with tendinopathy and may play a key role in the pathogenesis of tendinopathy. Therefore, this review summarizes the expression and distribution of HMGB1 in tendinopathy, focuses on the roles of HMGB1 and HMGB1-based potential mechanisms involved in tendinopathy, and finally summarizes the findings on HMGB1-based therapeutic approaches in tendinopathy, probably providing new insight into the mechanism and further potential therapeutic targets of tendinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingjuan Li
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangchun Dai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanwei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liu Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunfeng Rui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Sávio de Almeida Assunção A, Aparecida Martins R, Cavalcante Souza Vieira J, Campos Rocha L, Kaiser de Lima Krenchinski F, Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf M, Roberto Sartori J, de Magalhães Padilha P. Shotgun proteomics reveals changes in the pectoralis major muscle of broilers supplemented with passion fruit seed oil under cyclic heat stress conditions. Food Res Int 2023; 167:112731. [PMID: 37087218 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the proteins differentially expressed in the pectoralis major muscle of broilers supplemented with passion fruit seed oil (PFSO) under cyclic heat stress conditions. Ninety one-day-old male chicks were housed in cages arranged in a climatic chamber, where they were kept under cyclic heat stress for eight hours a day from the beginning to the end of the experiment. The birds were divided into two experimental groups, one group supplemented with 0.9% PFSO and a control group (CON) without PFSO supplementation. At 36 days of age, 18 birds were slaughtered to collect muscle samples. From pools of breast fillet samples from each group, proteolytic cleavage of the protein extracts was performed, and later, the peptides were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The 0.9% PFSO supplementation revealed the modulation of 57 proteins in the pectoralis major muscle of broilers exposed to cyclic heat stress. Among them, four proteins were upregulated, and 46 proteins were downregulated. In addition, seven proteins were expressed only in the CON group. These results suggest that PFSO may increase heat tolerance, with a possible reduction in oxidative stress, activation of neuroprotective mechanisms, protection against apoptosis, decrease in inflammatory responses, and regulation of energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renata Aparecida Martins
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Leone Campos Rocha
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - José Roberto Sartori
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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6
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Yu D, Zhao W, Wan X, Wu L, Zang J, Jiang Q, Xu Y, Xia W. The protective pattern of chitosan-based active coating on texture stabilization of refrigerated carp fillets from the perspective of proteolysis. Food Chem 2023; 404:134633. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Shelke V, Kale A, Anders HJ, Gaikwad AB. Epigenetic regulation of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in kidney disease. J Mol Med (Berl) 2022; 100:1017-1026. [PMID: 35704060 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02218-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Kidney disease affects more than 10% of the worldwide population and causes significant morbidity and mortality. Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a pivotal role in the progression of kidney disease. These epigenetic mechanisms are reversible and majorly involved in regulating gene expression of inflammatory, fibrotic, and apoptotic proteins. Emerging data suggest that the Toll-like receptor 2 and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR2 and TLR4) are expressed by almost all types of kidney cells and known for promoting inflammation by recognizing damage-associated molecular proteins (DAMPs). Epigenetic mechanisms regulate TLR2 and TLR4 signaling in various forms of kidney disease where different histone modifications promote the transcription of the TLR2 and TLR4 gene and its ligand high mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1). Moreover, numerous long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) modulate TLR2 and TLR4 signaling in kidney disease. However, the precise mechanisms behind this regulation are still enigmatic. Studying the epigenetic mechanisms involved in the regulation of TLR2 and TLR4 signaling in the development of kidney disease may help in understanding and finding novel therapeutic strategies. This review discusses the intricate relationship of epigenetic mechanisms with TLR2 and TLR4 in different forms of kidney diseases. In addition, we discuss the different lncRNAs and miRNAs that regulate TLR2 and TLR4 as potential therapeutic targets in kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishwadeep Shelke
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, 333 031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ajinath Kale
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, 333 031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, 333 031, Rajasthan, India.
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8
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Shayan S, Arashkia A, Bahramali G, Abdoli A, Nosrati MSS, Azadmanesh K. Cell type-specific response of colon cancer tumor cell lines to oncolytic HSV-1 virotherapy in hypoxia. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:164. [PMID: 35477503 PMCID: PMC9044800 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02564-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Novel strategies are required since the hypoxic tumor microenvironment is one of the important impediments for conventional cancer therapy. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein can block aerobic respiration in cancer cells. We hypothesized that HMGB1could also kill the colorectal cancer cells during hypoxia. Methods In this study, we developed oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 1 expressing HMGB1 protein (HSV-HMGB1) and investigated the cytotoxic effect of HSV-HMGB1 and its parental virus (HSV-ble) on three colorectal cancer cells (HCT116, SW480, and HT29) under normoxic (20% oxygen) and hypoxic (1% oxygen) conditions. We further identified potential autophagy- related genes in HT29 cells by retrieving mRNA expression microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. These genes were then detected in HT29 cells infected with HSV-HMGB1 and HSV-ble during normoxia and hypoxia by Real-Time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). Results The cytotoxic effect of HSV-HMGB1 was significantly higher than that of HSV-ble during normoxia; however, during hypoxia, HSV-HMGB1 enhanced the viability of HT29 cells at MOI 0.1. Analyzing the cell death pathway revealed that HSV-HMGB1 induced autophagy in HT29 cells under hypoxic conditions. Conclusion In conclusion, it appears that oncolytic virotherapy is cell context-dependent. Therefore, understanding the cancer cells’ characteristics, microenvironment, and cell signaling are essential to improve the therapeutic strategies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-022-02564-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Shayan
- Department of Molecular Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Arashkia
- Department of Molecular Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golnaz Bahramali
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS and Blood Borne Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asghar Abdoli
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS and Blood Borne Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Kayhan Azadmanesh
- Department of Molecular Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Miura T, Kuno A, Tanaka M. Diabetes modulation of the myocardial infarction- acute kidney injury axis. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 322:H394-H405. [PMID: 35089809 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00639.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Since there is crosstalk in functions of the heart and kidney, acute or chronic injury in one of the two organs provokes adaptive and/or maladaptive responses in both organs, leading to cardiorenal syndrome (CRS). Acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by acute heart failure is referred to as type 1 CRS, and a frequent cause of this type of CRS is acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of AMI and also the risk of AKI of various causes. However, there have been only a few studies in which animal models of diabetes were used to examine how diabetes modulates AMI-induced AKI. In this review, we summarize findings regarding the mechanisms of type 1 CRS and the impact of diabetes on both AMI and renal susceptibility to AKI and we discuss mechanisms by which diabetes modulates AMI-induced AKI. Hemodynamic alterations induced by AMI could be augmented by diabetes via its detrimental effect on infarct size and contractile function of the non-infarcted region in the heart. Diabetes increases susceptibility of renal cells to hypoxia and oxidative stress by modulation of signaling pathways that regulate cell survival and autophagy. Recent studies have shown that diabetes mellitus even at early stage of cardiomyopathy/nephropathy predisposes the kidney to AMI-induced AKI, in which activation of toll-like receptors and reactive oxygen species derived from NADPH oxidases are involved. Further analysis of crosstalk between diabetic cardiomyopathy and diabetic kidney disease is necessary for obtaining a more comprehensive understanding of modulation of the AMI-AKI axis by diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuji Miura
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kuno
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Marenao Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Therapeutic Targets for DOX-Induced Cardiomyopathy: Role of Apoptosis vs. Ferroptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031414. [PMID: 35163335 PMCID: PMC8835899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is the most widely used anthracycline anticancer agent; however, its cardiotoxicity limits its clinical efficacy. Numerous studies have elucidated the mechanisms underlying DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, wherein apoptosis has been reported as the most common final step leading to cardiomyocyte death. However, in the past two years, the involvement of ferroptosis, a novel programmed cell death, has been proposed. The purpose of this review is to summarize the historical background that led to each form of cell death, focusing on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and the molecular mechanisms that trigger each form of cell death. Furthermore, based on this understanding, possible therapeutic strategies to prevent DOX cardiotoxicity are outlined. DNA damage, oxidative stress, intracellular signaling, transcription factors, epigenetic regulators, autophagy, and metabolic inflammation are important factors in the molecular mechanisms of DOX-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Conversely, the accumulation of lipid peroxides, iron ion accumulation, and decreased expression of glutathione and glutathione peroxidase 4 are important in ferroptosis. In both cascades, the mitochondria are an important site of DOX cardiotoxicity. The last part of this review focuses on the significance of the disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis in DOX cardiotoxicity.
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11
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Zhang H, Wang Z, Liu Z, Du K, Lu X. Protective Effects of Dexazoxane on Rat Ferroptosis in Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiomyopathy Through Regulating HMGB1. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:685434. [PMID: 34336950 PMCID: PMC8318065 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.685434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dexrazoxane (DXZ) reduces cytotoxicity caused by Doxorubicin (DOX). However, the mechanism of DXZ in ferroptosis and cardiomyopathy remains unclear. This research, therefore, explores the role and mechanism of DXZ in DOX-induced ferroptosis and cardiomyopathy in rats. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was performed in rats treated by DOX in combination with ferroptosis inhibitor (FER-1) or other cell death–associated inhibitors. The ferroptosis, cardiotoxicity, and expression of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in rats treated by DOX in combination with FER-1 or with DXZ were determined by hematoxylin and eosin staining, echocardiographic analysis, and quantitative real-time PCR. The ferroptosis in DOX-treated rats that received HMGB1 knockdown or overexpression was further detected using molecular experiments. Finally, the viability, level of malondialdehyde (MDA), and expressions of ferroptosis-related markers (PTGS2, GPX4, and FTH1) of rat cardiomyocyte H9c2 exposed to DOX combined with FER-1, zVAD (an apoptosis inhibitor), DXZ, or not were detected by performing molecular experiments. FER-1 increased the survival of the rats induced by DOX. The DOX-induced ferroptosis and cardiotoxicity could be reversed by FER-1 or DXZ. HMGB1 was induced by DOX but was inhibited by DXZ or FER-1. Overexpression of HMGB1 promoted the ferroptosis and cardiotoxicity induced by DOX in the rats although silencing of HMGB1 showed opposite effects. The data indicate that DOX suppressed the viability and increased the MDA level in H9c2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, DOX-induced increase of PTGS2 and decrease of GPX4 and FTH1 in H9c2 cells was reversed by DXZ or FER-1. Therefore, DXZ has protective effects on ferroptosis and cardiomyopathy in rats through regulating HMGB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengxia Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kang Du
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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12
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High-mobility group box 1 serves as an inflammation driver of cardiovascular disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111555. [PMID: 33865014 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most deadly disease, which can cause sudden death, in which inflammation is a key factor in its occurrence and development. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a novel nuclear DNA-binding protein that activates innate immunity to induce inflammation in CVD. HMGB1 exists in the cytoplasm and nucleus of different cell types, including those in the heart. By binding to its receptors, HMGB1 triggers a variety of signaling cascades, leading to inflammation and CVD. To help develop HMGB1-targeted therapies, here we discuss HMGB1 and its biological functions, receptors, signaling pathways, and pathophysiology related to inflammation and CVD, including cardiac remodeling, cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial infarction, heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, atherosclerosis, and cardiomyopathy.
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13
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Peptidomics Analysis Reveals Peptide PDCryab1 Inhibits Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:7182428. [PMID: 33110475 PMCID: PMC7582065 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7182428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is limited due to dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. Peptidomics is an emerging field of proteomics that has attracted much attention because it can be used to study the composition and content of endogenous peptides in various organisms. Endogenous peptides participate in various biological processes and are important sources of candidates for drug development. To explore peptide changes related to DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and to find peptides with cardioprotective function, we compared the expression profiles of peptides in the hearts of DOX-treated and control mice by mass spectrometry. The results showed that 236 differential peptides were identified upon DOX treatment, of which 22 were upregulated and 214 were downregulated. Next, we predicted that 31 peptides may have cardioprotective function by conducting bioinformatics analysis on the domains of each precursor protein, the predicted score of peptide biological activity, and the correlation of each peptide with cardiac events. Finally, we verified that a peptide (SPFYLRPPSF) from Cryab can inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis, reduce the production of reactive oxygen species, improve cardiac function, and ameliorate myocardial fibrosis in vitro and vivo. In conclusion, our results showed that the expression profiles of peptides in cardiac tissue change significantly upon DOX treatment and that these differentially expressed peptides have potential cardioprotective functions. Our study suggests a new direction for the treatment of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.
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14
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Zhao Z, Hu Z, Zeng R, Yao Y. HMGB1 in kidney diseases. Life Sci 2020; 259:118203. [PMID: 32781069 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a highly conserved nucleoprotein involving in numerous biological processes, and well known to trigger immune responses as the damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) in the extracellular environment. The role of HMGB1 is distinct due to its multiple functions in different subcellular location. In the nucleus, HMGB1 acts as a chaperone to regulate DNA events including DNA replication, repair and nucleosome stability. While in the cytoplasm, it is engaged in regulating autophagy and apoptosis. A great deal of research has explored its function in the pathogenesis of renal diseases. This review mainly focuses on the role of HMGB1 and summarizes the pathway and treatment targeting HMGB1 in the various renal diseases which may open the windows of opportunities for the development of desirable therapeutic ends in these pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zhao
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Zhizhi Hu
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Rui Zeng
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
| | - Ying Yao
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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15
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Wang Y, Liu J, Kong Q, Cheng H, Tu F, Yu P, Liu Y, Zhang X, Li C, Li Y, Min X, Du S, Ding Z, Liu L. Cardiomyocyte-specific deficiency of HSPB1 worsens cardiac dysfunction by activating NFκB-mediated leucocyte recruitment after myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 115:154-167. [PMID: 29982352 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Inadequate healing after myocardial infarction (MI) leads to heart failure and fatal ventricular rupture, while optimal healing requires timely induction and resolution of inflammation. This study tested the hypothesis that heat shock protein B1 (HSPB1), which limits myocardial inflammation during endotoxemia, modulates wound healing after MI. Methods and results To test this hypothesis, cardiomyocyte-specific HSPB1 knockout (Hspb1-/-) mice were generated using the Cre-LoxP recombination system. MI was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery in Hspb1-/- and wild-type (WT) littermates. HSPB1 was up-regulated in cardiomyocytes of WT animals in response to MI, and deficiency of cardiomyocyte HSPB1 increased MI-induced cardiac rupture and mortality within 21 days after MI. Serial echocardiography showed more aggravated remodelling and cardiac dysfunction in Hspb1-/- mice than in WT mice at 1, 3, and 7 days after MI. Decreased collagen deposition and angiogenesis, as well as increased MMP2 and MMP9 activity, were also observed in Hspb1-/- mice compared with WT controls after MI, using immunofluorescence, polarized light microscopy, and zymographic analyses. Notably, Hspb1-/- hearts exhibited enhanced and prolonged leucocyte infiltration, enhanced expression of inflammatory cytokines, and enhanced TLR4/MyD88/NFκB activation compared with WT controls after MI. In-depth molecular analyses in both mice and primary cardiomyocytes demonstrated that cardiomyocyte-specific knockout of HSPB1 increased nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) activation, which promoted the expression of proinflammatory mediators. This led to increased leucocyte recruitment, thereby to excessive inflammation, ultimately resulting in adverse remodelling, cardiac dysfunction, and cardiac rupture following MI. Conclusion These data suggest that HSPB1 acts as a negative regulator of NFκB-mediated leucocyte recruitment and the subsequent inflammation in cardiomyocytes. Cardiomyocyte HSPB1 is required for wound healing after MI and could be a target for myocardial repair in MI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Rd. 300, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiali Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Rd. 300, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiuyue Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Tu
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Rd. 300, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Rd. 300, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Rd. 300, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaojin Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Rd. 300, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuanfu Li
- Department of Surgery, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - Yuehua Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinxu Min
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuya Du
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Rd. 300, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengnian Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Rd. 300, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, China
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16
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Haybar H, Shahrabi S, Rezaeeyan H, Jodat H, Saki N. Strategies to inhibit arsenic trioxide-induced cardiotoxicity in acute promyelocytic leukemia. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:14500-14506. [PMID: 30770558 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is a drug commonly used for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Although ATO has been shown to cause significant improvement in patients, it is associated with serious side effects, which sometimes lead to the patient's death. In this review paper, we examine the reports of ATO-induced cardiotoxicity in APL patients and evaluate the strategies to reduce the incidence of such toxicity. METHODS The key search terms were "arsenic trioxide," "acute promyelocytic leukemia," "cardiotoxicity," "molecular pathway," and "biomarker." RESULTS Studies have indicated the involvement of several molecular pathways in ATO-induced cardiotoxicity. These pathways increase the production of reactive oxygen species by interfering with intracellular calcium homeostasis as well as impairing the transfer of calcium into endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. On the other hand, increasing or decreasing expressions of some microRNAs (miRs) have been shown to play a role in cardiotoxicity. CONCLUSION Finally, it can be stated that given the essential role of molecular pathways in cardiotoxicity and considering the fact these pathways impair the regulation of miRs expression, identification of molecular pathways involved in ATO-induced cardiotoxicity aimed at targeting miRs could be a new therapeutic strategy to prevent cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Haybar
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Saeid Shahrabi
- Department of Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Hadi Rezaeeyan
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Research Institute of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hosein Jodat
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Research Institute of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Najmaldin Saki
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Research Institute of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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17
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Foglio E, Pellegrini L, Germani A, Russo MA, Limana F. HMGB1-mediated apoptosis and autophagy in ischemic heart diseases. VASCULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 1:H89-H96. [PMID: 32923959 PMCID: PMC7439920 DOI: 10.1530/vb-19-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (MI) and its consequences are the most common and lethal heart syndromes worldwide and represent a significant health problem. Following MI, apoptosis has been generally seen as the major contributor of the cardiomyocyte fate and of the resultant myocardial remodeling. However, in recent years, it has been discovered that, following MI, cardiomyocytes could activate autophagy in an attempt to protect themselves against ischemic stress and to preserve cardiac function. Although initially seen as two completely separate responses, recent works have highlighted the intertwined crosstalk between apoptosis and autophagy. Numerous researches have tried to unveil the mechanisms and the molecular players involved in this phenomenon and have identified in high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a highly conserved non-histone nuclear protein with important roles in the heart, one of the major regulator. Thus, the aim of this mini review is to discuss how HMGB1 regulates these two responses in ischemic heart diseases. Indeed, a detailed understanding of the crosstalk between apoptosis and autophagy in these pathologies and how HMGB1 regulates them would be of tremendous help in developing novel therapeutic approaches aimed to promote cardiomyocyte survival and to diminish tissue injury following MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Foglio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Pellegrini
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Universita' della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Antonia Germani
- Laboratory of Vascular Pathology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Fondazione Luigi Maria Monti, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Antonio Russo
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, San Raffaele Open University, Rome, Italy.,MEBIC Consortium, San Raffaele Open University, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Limana
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.,San Raffaele Open University, Rome, Italy
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18
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Takahashi T, Shishido T, Kinoshita D, Watanabe K, Toshima T, Sugai T, Narumi T, Otaki Y, Tamura H, Nishiyama S, Arimoto T, Takahashi H, Miyamoto T, Watanabe T, Woo CH, Abe JI, Takeishi Y, Kubota I, Watanabe M. Cardiac Nuclear High-Mobility Group Box 1 Ameliorates Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy by Inhibiting DNA Damage Response. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 4:234-247. [PMID: 31061925 PMCID: PMC6488753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
HMGB1 is a DNA-binding protein associated with nuclear homeostasis and DNA repair. Decreased nuclear HMGB1 expression is observed in human failing hearts, which is associated with cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and fibrosis. Cardiac nuclear HMGB1 overexpression ameliorates Ang II–induced pathological cardiac remodeling by inhibiting cardiomyocyte DNA damage and following ataxia telangiectasia mutated activation in mice. Ataxia telangiectasia mutated inhibitor treatment provided a cardioprotective effect on Ang II–induced cardiac remodeling in mice.
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)–binding protein associated with DNA repair. Decreased nuclear HMGB1 expression and increased DNA damage response (DDR) were observed in human failing hearts. DNA damage and DDR as well as cardiac remodeling were suppressed in cardiac-specific HMGB1 overexpression transgenic mice after angiotensin II stimulation as compared with wild-type mice. In vitro, inhibition of HMGB1 increased phosphorylation of extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2 and nuclear factor kappa B, which was rescued by DDR inhibitor treatment. DDR inhibitor treatment provided a cardioprotective effect on angiotensin II–induced cardiac remodeling in mice.
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Key Words
- ANP, atrial natriuretic peptide
- ATM, ataxia telangiectasia mutated
- Ang II, angiotensin II
- BNP, brain natriuretic peptide
- CVF, collagen volume fraction
- DAMP, damage-associated molecular pattern
- DDR, deoxyribonucleic acid damage response
- DNA damage response
- DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid
- E/A ratio, ratio of early to atrial wave
- ERK1/2, extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2
- HMGB1
- HMGB1, high-mobility group box 1
- HMGB1-Tg, high-mobility group box 1 transgenic
- HW/TL, heart weight to tibial length
- IVSd, interventricular septum diameter
- LVDd, left ventricular diastolic dimension
- LVDs, left ventricular systolic dimension
- MyD, cardiomyocyte diameter
- NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa B
- NRCM, neonatal rat cardiomyocyte
- PWd, posterior wall diameter
- WT, wild-type
- p-ATM, phosphorylation of ataxia telangiectasia mutated
- pathological cardiac hypertrophy
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Takahashi
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Shishido
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kinoshita
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Ken Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Taku Toshima
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Takayuki Sugai
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Taro Narumi
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Otaki
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Harutoshi Tamura
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nishiyama
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Takanori Arimoto
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takahashi
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Takuya Miyamoto
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tetsu Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Chang-Hoon Woo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Ichi Abe
- Department of Cardiology - Research, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yasuchika Takeishi
- Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Isao Kubota
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Masafumi Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Raucci
- Unit of Experimental Cardio-Oncology and Cardiovascular Aging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio C. Capogrossi
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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20
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Raucci A, Di Maggio S, Scavello F, D'Ambrosio A, Bianchi ME, Capogrossi MC. The Janus face of HMGB1 in heart disease: a necessary update. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:211-229. [PMID: 30306212 PMCID: PMC6339675 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2930-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a ubiquitous nuclear protein involved in transcription regulation, DNA replication and repair and nucleosome assembly. HMGB1 is passively released by necrotic tissues or actively secreted by stressed cells. Extracellular HMGB1 acts as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMPs) molecule and gives rise to several redox forms that by binding to different receptors and interactors promote a variety of cellular responses, including tissue inflammation or regeneration. Inhibition of extracellular HMGB1 in experimental models of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, myocarditis, cardiomyopathies induced by mechanical stress, diabetes, bacterial infection or chemotherapeutic drugs reduces inflammation and is protective. In contrast, administration of HMGB1 after myocardial infarction induced by permanent coronary artery ligation ameliorates cardiac performance by promoting tissue regeneration. HMGB1 decreases contractility and induces hypertrophy and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes, stimulates cardiac fibroblast activities, and promotes cardiac stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Interestingly, maintenance of appropriate nuclear HMGB1 levels protects cardiomyocytes from apoptosis by preventing DNA oxidative stress, and mice with HMGB1cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression are partially protected from cardiac damage. Finally, higher levels of circulating HMGB1 are associated to human heart diseases. Hence, during cardiac injury, HMGB1 elicits both harmful and beneficial responses that may in part depend on the generation and stability of the diverse redox forms, whose specific functions in this context remain mostly unexplored. This review summarizes recent findings on HMGB1 biology and heart dysfunctions and discusses the therapeutic potential of modulating its expression, localization, and oxidative-dependent activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Raucci
- Unit of Experimental Cardio-Oncology and Cardiovascular Aging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino-IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138, Milan, Italy.
| | - Stefania Di Maggio
- Unit of Experimental Cardio-Oncology and Cardiovascular Aging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino-IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Scavello
- Unit of Experimental Cardio-Oncology and Cardiovascular Aging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino-IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro D'Ambrosio
- Unit of Experimental Cardio-Oncology and Cardiovascular Aging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino-IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138, Milan, Italy
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco E Bianchi
- Chromatin Dynamics Unit, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio C Capogrossi
- Department of Cardiology, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, USA
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21
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Zhou S, Lu H, Chen R, Tian Y, Jiang Y, Zhang S, Ni D, Su Z, Shao X. Angiotensin II enhances the acetylation and release of HMGB1 in RAW264.7 macrophage. Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:1160-1169. [PMID: 29741224 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), as a highly conserved ubiquitous DNA-binding protein, has been widely studied in various diseases, including inflammation and tumor; however, fewer studies were focused on the mechanisms controlling HMGB1 release compared with the function of HMGB1. Previous studies have proven that ANG II can act as a pro-inflammatory cytokine, both of HMGB1 and ANG II were significantly upregulated in autoimmune diseases; however, the exact role of ANG II in regulating HMGB1 release have not been shown. The present study was to define the effects of ANG II on macrophages and the possible mechanisms in controlling HMGB1 release. Our results showed that ANG II can induce M1 macrophage polarization through upregulated the expression of HMGB1 and caused acetylation of HMGB1 and release via its dissociation from SIRT1, which in a positive feedback upregulates ANG II. Subsequently, HMGB1 inhibitors can reduce the ANG II-elicited polarize of macrophage. Meanwhile, we show that JAK/STAT pathways play an essential role in ANG II-induced HMGB1 nuclear translocation, JAK/STAT specific inhibitors can inhibit ANG II-induced HMGB1 expression. Taken together, our results provide a novel evidence that HMGB1 play a critical role in ANG II mediated macrophage polarization, and we suggest that ANG II mediated HMGB1 release via dissociation from SIRT1, induce hyperacetylation of HMGB1, thus for subsequent release, suggesting that the angiotensin II receptor antagonist is a potential drug target for inhibiting HMGB1 release in inflammation diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhou
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Hongxiang Lu
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - YuanYuan Jiang
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Shiqing Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Daobing Ni
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Zhaoliang Su
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Xiaoyi Shao
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.,Department of Immunology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
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22
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Xiao Y, Sun L, Fu Y, Huang Y, Zhou R, Hu X, Zhou P, Quan J, Li N, Fan XG. High mobility group box 1 promotes sorafenib resistance in HepG2 cells and in vivo. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:857. [PMID: 29246127 PMCID: PMC5731191 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3868-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary liver cancer is a lethal malignancy with a high mortality worldwide. Currently, sorafenib is the most effective molecular-targeted drug against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the sorafenib resistance rate is high. The molecular mechanism of this resistance has not been fully elucidated. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a multifaceted protein that plays a key role in the proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis and angiogenesis of HCC cells. In addition, HMGB1 has been suggested to contribute to chemotherapy resistance in tumours, including lung cancer, osteosarcoma, neuroblastoma, leukaemia, and colorectal cancer. This study investigated the association between HMGB1 and sorafenib resistance in HCC. METHODS HepG2 cells with HMGB1 knockdown or overexpression were generated. The efficacy of sorafenib in these cells was tested using flow cytometry and a cell counting assay. The subcellular localization of HMGB1 in HepG2 cells following sorafenib treatment was measured by western blotting and confocal microscopy. A murine subcutaneous HCC model was generated to examine the association between HMGB1 and the sensitivity of sorafenib treatment. RESULTS The HMGB1 knockdown cells exhibited a significantly higher apoptotic level and lower cell viability than the normal HMGB1 expressing cells following the sorafenib treatment. In addition, the cell viability observed in the HMGB1 overexpressing cells was higher than that observed in the control cells following the sorafenib intervention. Sorafenib had a better tumour inhibition effect in the HMGB1 knockdown group in vivo. The amount of mitochondrial HMGB1 decreased, while the amount of cytosolic HMGB1 increased following the exposure to sorafenib. Altogether, HMGB1 translocated from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm outside the mitochondria following the exposure of HepG2 cells to sorafenib. CONCLUSIONS A novel potential role of HMGB1 in the regulation of sorafenib therapy resistance in HCC was observed. The knockdown of HMGB1 restores sensitivity to sorafenib and enhances HepG2 cell death, while HMGB1 overexpression blunts these effects. The translocation of HMGB1 from the mitochondria to the cytosol following sorafenib treatment provides new insight into sorafenib resistance in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinzong Xiao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Lunquan Sun
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yongming Fu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Rongrong Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Xingwang Hu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jun Quan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Xue-Gong Fan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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23
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Yang F, Li T, Dong Z, Mi R. MicroRNA‐410 is involved in mitophagy after cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury by targeting high‐mobility group box 1 protein. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:2427-2439. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Department of Cardiac CenterThe Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Tong Li
- Department of the Ministry of Health Subsidiary Engineering Research Center for Artificial CellsTianjin Third Central HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Zhihuan Dong
- Department of Cardiac SurgeryFirst Hospital of HandanHebei, HandanChina
| | - Rui Mi
- Department of Cardiac CenterTianjin Third Central HospitalTianjinChina
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24
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Zhang YX, Yuan YQ, Zhang XQ, Huang DL, Wei YY, Yang JG. HMGB1-mediated autophagy confers resistance to gemcitabine in hormone-independent prostate cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:6285-6290. [PMID: 29113279 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As a main treatment of prostate cancer, castration therapy has been widely applied in the clinic. However, the therapeutic strategy for hormone-independent prostate cancer (HIPC) was not satisfied. Gemcitabine is an important chemotherapeutic agent that has been approved for the treatment of numerous human solid tumors, including HIPC, whereas the gemcitabine resistance has become a serious problem in clinical chemotherapy. In the present study, the mechanisms of resistance to gemcitabine were investigated in HIPC cell lines. The results demonstrated that the autophagy markers were induced significantly in HIPC cells subsequent to gemcitabine treatment. Meanwhile, administration of gemcitabine to HIPC cells increased the expression of high mobility group box1 (HMGB1). Furthermore, the gemcitabine-induced autophagy response was attenuated in stable HIPC cells harboring HMGB1 shRNA. Notably, the HIPC cells stably transfected with HMGB1 shRNA or treated with autophagy inhibitors were more sensitive to gemcitabine compared with the control group. These data suggested that inhibition of HMGB1 increased the sensitivity to gemcitabine by decreasing autophagy response in HIPC cells. Overall, the present findings demonstrate a new mechanism for the resistance to gemcitabine in HIPC cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xiang Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, P.R. China
| | - Ye-Qing Yuan
- Department of Urology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Qi Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Long Huang
- Department of Urology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Ying Wei
- Department of Urology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, P.R. China
| | - Jiang-Gen Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, P.R. China
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25
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Olleros Santos-Ruiz M, Sádaba MC, Martín-Estal I, Muñoz U, Sebal Neira C, Castilla-Cortázar I. The single IGF-1 partial deficiency is responsible for mitochondrial dysfunction and is restored by IGF-1 replacement therapy. Growth Horm IGF Res 2017; 35:21-32. [PMID: 28648804 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS We previously described in cirrhosis and aging, both conditions of IGF-1 deficiency, a clear hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction with increased oxidative damage. In both conditions, the hepatic mitochondrial function was improved with low doses of IGF-1. The aim of this work was to explore if the only mere IGF-1 partial deficiency, without any exogenous insult, is responsible for hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction. METHODS Heterozygous (igf1+/-) mice were divided into two groups: untreated and treated mice with low doses of IGF-1. WT group was used as controls. Parameters of hepatic mitochondrial function were determined by flow cytometry, antioxidant enzyme activities were determined by spectrophotometry, and electron chain transport enzyme levels were determined by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analyses. Liver expression of genes coding for proteins involved in mitochondrial protection and apoptosis was studied by microarray analysis and RT-qPCR. RESULTS Hz mice showed a significant reduction in hepatic mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and ATPase activity, and an increase in intramitochondrial free radical production and proton leak rates, compared to controls. These parameters were normalized by IGF-1 replacement therapy. No significant differences were found between groups in oxygen consumption and antioxidant enzyme activities, except for catalase, whose activity was increased in both Hz groups. Relevant genes coding for proteins involved in mitochondrial protection and survival were altered in Hz group and were reverted to normal in Hz+IGF-1 group. CONCLUSIONS The mere IGF-1 partial deficiency is per se associated with hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction sensitive to IGF-1 replacement therapy. Results in this work prove that IGF-1 is involved in hepatic mitochondrial protection, because it is able to reduce free radical production, oxidative damage and apoptosis. All these IGF-1 actions are mediated by the modulation of the expression of genes encoding citoprotective and antiapoptotic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M C Sádaba
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Madrid, Spain
| | - I Martín-Estal
- Escuela de Medicina, CITES, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - U Muñoz
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Sebal Neira
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Madrid, Spain
| | - I Castilla-Cortázar
- Fundacion de Investigacion HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain; Escuela de Medicina, CITES, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico.
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26
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Charmpilas N, Kyriakakis E, Tavernarakis N. Small heat shock proteins in ageing and age-related diseases. Cell Stress Chaperones 2017; 22:481-492. [PMID: 28074336 PMCID: PMC5465026 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-016-0761-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are gatekeepers of cellular homeostasis across species, preserving proteome integrity under stressful conditions. Nonetheless, recent evidence suggests that sHSPs are more than molecular chaperones with merely auxiliary role. In contrast, sHSPs have emerged as central lifespan determinants, and their malfunction has been associated with the manifestation of neurological disorders, cardiovascular disease and cancer malignancies. In this review, we focus on the role of sHSPs in ageing and age-associated diseases and highlight the most prominent paradigms, where impairment of sHSP function has been implicated in human pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Charmpilas
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, 70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Kyriakakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Biomedicine, Laboratory for Signal Transduction, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nektarios Tavernarakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
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27
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Yuan H, Wang T, Niu Y, Liu X, Fu L. AMP-activated protein kinase-mediated expression of heat shock protein beta 1 enhanced insulin sensitivity in the skeletal muscle. FEBS Lett 2016; 591:97-108. [PMID: 27928820 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has been viewed as an important target for the treatment of insulin resistance. Here, by proteomic analysis, we found that expression of heat shock protein beta-1 (HSPB1) was induced by the AMP analog 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-β-D-ribofuranoside in palmitate-induced insulin-resistant cells. Overexpression of AMPKα2, or activation of AMPKα via acute/chronic exercise training, increased HSPB1 expression in the skeletal muscle. In AMPKα2-/- mice, HSPB1 expression was downregulated in the quadriceps muscles. Exercise did not increase HSPB1 expression in AMPKα2-/- mice. Moreover, overexpression of HSPB1 enhanced insulin sensitivity in palmitate-induced insulin-resistant cells and restored metabolic phenotypes associated with defective AMPK. Finally, HSPB1 was required for AMPK-mediated activation of the class IIa histone deacetylases and glucose uptake in the skeletal muscle. Our results demonstrate that AMPK-mediated HSPB1 expression enhanced insulin sensitivity in the skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairui Yuan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, China.,Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Yanmei Niu
- Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Li Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, China
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28
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Foglio E, Puddighinu G, Germani A, Russo MA, Limana F. HMGB1 Inhibits Apoptosis Following MI and Induces Autophagy via mTORC1 Inhibition. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:1135-1143. [PMID: 27580416 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Exogenous High Mobility Group Box-1 protein (HMGB1) has been reported to protect the infarcted heart but the underlying mechanism is quite complex. In particular, its effect on ischemic cardiomyocytes has been poorly investigated. Aim of the present study was to verify whether and how autophagy and apoptosis were involved in HMGB1-induced heart repair following myocardial infarction (MI). HMGB1 (200 ng) or denatured HMGB1 were injected in the peri-infarcted region of mouse hearts following acute MI. Three days after treatment, an upregulation of autophagy was detected in infarcted HMGB1 treated hearts compared to controls. Specifically, HMGB1 induced autophagy by significantly upregulating the protein expression of LC3, Beclin-1, and Atg7 in the border zone. To gain further insights into the molecular mechanism of HMGB1-mediated autophagy, WB analysis were performed in cardiomyocytes isolated from 3 days infarcted hearts in the presence and in the absence of HMGB1 treatment. Results showed that upregulation of autophagy by HMGB1 treatment was potentially related to activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). Accordingly, in these hearts, phospho-Akt signaling pathway was inhibited. The induction of autophagy was accompanied by reduced cardiomyocyte apoptotic rate and decreased expression levels of Bax/Bcl-2 and active caspase-3 in the border zone of 3 days infarcted mice following HMGB1 treatment. We report the first in vivo evidence that HMGB1 treatment in a murine model of acute MI might induce cardiomyocyte survival through attenuation of apoptosis and AMP-activated protein kinase-dependent autophagy. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 1135-1143, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Foglio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Puddighinu
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonia Germani
- Laboratory of Vascular Pathlogy, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Federica Limana
- San Raffaele University, Rome, Italy.,Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, San Raffaele Pisana, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome-IRCCS, Italy
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29
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Lin H, Shen L, Zhang X, Xie J, Hao H, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Yamamoto H, Liao W, Bin J, Cao S, Huang X, Liao Y. HMGB1-RAGE Axis Makes No Contribution to Cardiac Remodeling Induced by Pressure-Overload. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158514. [PMID: 27355349 PMCID: PMC4927190 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
High-mobility group box1 (HMGB1) exerts effects on inflammation by binding to receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) or Toll-like receptor 4. Considering that inflammation is involved in pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy, we herein attempted to investigate whether HMGB1 plays a role in myocardial hypertrophy in RAGE knockout mice as well as in the growth and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. The myocardial expression of RAGE was not significantly changed while TLR4 mRNA was upregulated in response to transverse aortic constriction (TAC) for 1 week. The myocardial expression of HMGB1 protein was markedly increased in TAC group when compared to the sham group. Heart weight to body weight ratio (HW/BW) and lung weight to body weight ratio (LW/BW) were evaluated in RAGE knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice 1 week after TAC. Significant larger HW/BW and LW/BW ratios were found in TAC groups than the corresponding sham groups, but no significant difference was found between KO and WT TAC mice. Similar results were also found when TAC duration was extended to 4 weeks. Cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were treated with different concentrations of recombinant HMGB1, then cell viability was determined using MTT and CCK8 assays and cell apoptosis was determined by Hoechst staining and TUNEL assay. The results came out that HMGB1 exerted no influence on viability or apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. Besides, the protein expression levels of Bax and Bcl2 in response to different concentrations of HMGB1 were similar. These findings indicate that HMGB1 neither exerts influence on cardiac remodeling by binding to RAGE nor induces apoptosis of cardiomyocytes under physiological condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairuo Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Liang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Department of Cardiology, first affiliated hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiajun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jiahe Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Huixin Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yingxue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhenhuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Hiroshi Yamamoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Wangjun Liao
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jianping Bin
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shiping Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yulin Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- * E-mail:
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30
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Chen Q, Guan X, Zuo X, Wang J, Yin W. The role of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases. Acta Pharm Sin B 2016; 6:183-8. [PMID: 27175328 PMCID: PMC4856949 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein that can bind to DNA and act as a co-factor for gene transcription. When released into extracellular fluid, it plays a proinflammatory role by acting as a damage-associated molecular pattern molecule (DAMP) (also known as an alarmin) to initiate innate immune responses by activating multiple cell surface receptors such as the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) and toll-like receptors (TLRs), TLR2, TLR4 or TLR9. This proinflammatory role is now considered to be important in the pathogenesis of a wide range of kidney diseases whether they result from hemodynamic changes, renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis, kidney tissue fibrosis or inflammation. This review summarizes our current understanding of the role of HMGB1 in kidney diseases and how the HMGB1-mediated signaling pathway may constitute a new strategy for the treatment of kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjie Chen
- Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology Research Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xiaofeng Guan
- Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology Research Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Xiaocong Zuo
- Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology Research Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Corresponding author. Tel./fax: +86 73188618455.
| | - Jianglin Wang
- Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology Research Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Wenjun Yin
- Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology Research Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
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31
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Deficiency of Senescence Marker Protein 30 Exacerbates Cardiac Injury after Ischemia/Reperfusion. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:542. [PMID: 27077846 PMCID: PMC4848998 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17040542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Early myocardial reperfusion is an effective therapy but ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) causes lethal myocardial injury. The aging heart was reported to show greater cardiac damage after I/R injury than that observed in young hearts. Senescence marker protein 30 (SMP30), whose expression decreases with age, plays a role in reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis. However, the impact of SMP30 on myocardial I/R injury remains to be determined. In this study, the left anterior descending coronary artery was occluded for 30 min, followed by reperfusion in wild-type (WT) and SMP30 knockout (KO) mice. After I/R, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and the ratio of infarct area/area at risk were higher, left ventricular fractional shortening was lower, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was enhanced in SMP30 KO mice. Moreover, the previously increased phosphorylation of GSK-3β and Akt was lower in SMP30 KO mice than in WT mice. In cardiomyocytes, silencing of SMP30 expression attenuated Akt and GSK-3β phosphorylation, and increased Bax to Bcl-2 ratio and cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide. These results suggested that SMP30 deficiency augments myocardial I/R injury through ROS generation and attenuation of Akt activation.
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32
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Honda Y, Shishido T, Takahashi T, Watanabe T, Netsu S, Kinoshita D, Narumi T, Kadowaki S, Nishiyama S, Takahashi H, Arimoto T, Miyamoto T, Kishida S, Kadomatsu K, Takeishi Y, Kubota I. Midkine Deteriorates Cardiac Remodeling via Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling in Chronic Kidney Disease. Hypertension 2016; 67:857-65. [PMID: 26975703 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.115.06922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In chronic kidney disease, activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) leads to cardiac hypertrophy, which affects morbidity and mortality. In patients with renal insufficiency and heart failure, the expression of midkine, a heparin-binding growth factor, is increased. Therefore, we investigated the association between midkine and EGFR in the induction of cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction in chronic kidney disease. We performed subtotal nephrectomies in midkine-knockout mice and wild-type mice. We found that subtotal nephrectomy-induced cardiac hypertrophy and phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and AKT were attenuated in midkine-knockout mice compared with wild-type mice. An antiphosphotyrosine receptor antibody array was used to demonstrate that EGFR phosphorylation in the heart was also lower in midkine-knockout mice than in wild-type mice. Midkine induced EGFR, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, and AKT phosphorylation and led to hypertrophy in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Pretreatment with EGFR inhibitors or EGFR silencing suppressed midkine-stimulated phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and AKT, induction of fetal cardiac gene expression, and hypertrophy in cardiomyocytes. To confirm the association between midkine and EGFR in vivo, mice subjected to subtotal nephrectomy were treated with the EGFR inhibitor gefitinib. Gefitinib treatment attenuated subtotal nephrectomy-induced cardiac hypertrophy. These results indicate that midkine might be a key mediator of cardiorenal interactions through EGFR activation, which plays a crucial role in cardiac hypertrophy in chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Honda
- From the Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan (Y.H., T.S., T.T., T.W., S.N., D.K., T.N., S.K., S.N., H.T., T.A., T.M., I.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan (S.K., K.K.); and Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Y.T.)
| | - Tetsuro Shishido
- From the Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan (Y.H., T.S., T.T., T.W., S.N., D.K., T.N., S.K., S.N., H.T., T.A., T.M., I.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan (S.K., K.K.); and Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Y.T.).
| | - Tetsuya Takahashi
- From the Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan (Y.H., T.S., T.T., T.W., S.N., D.K., T.N., S.K., S.N., H.T., T.A., T.M., I.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan (S.K., K.K.); and Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Y.T.)
| | - Tetsu Watanabe
- From the Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan (Y.H., T.S., T.T., T.W., S.N., D.K., T.N., S.K., S.N., H.T., T.A., T.M., I.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan (S.K., K.K.); and Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Y.T.)
| | - Shunsuke Netsu
- From the Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan (Y.H., T.S., T.T., T.W., S.N., D.K., T.N., S.K., S.N., H.T., T.A., T.M., I.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan (S.K., K.K.); and Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Y.T.)
| | - Daisuke Kinoshita
- From the Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan (Y.H., T.S., T.T., T.W., S.N., D.K., T.N., S.K., S.N., H.T., T.A., T.M., I.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan (S.K., K.K.); and Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Y.T.)
| | - Taro Narumi
- From the Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan (Y.H., T.S., T.T., T.W., S.N., D.K., T.N., S.K., S.N., H.T., T.A., T.M., I.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan (S.K., K.K.); and Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Y.T.)
| | - Shinpei Kadowaki
- From the Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan (Y.H., T.S., T.T., T.W., S.N., D.K., T.N., S.K., S.N., H.T., T.A., T.M., I.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan (S.K., K.K.); and Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Y.T.)
| | - Satoshi Nishiyama
- From the Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan (Y.H., T.S., T.T., T.W., S.N., D.K., T.N., S.K., S.N., H.T., T.A., T.M., I.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan (S.K., K.K.); and Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Y.T.)
| | - Hiroki Takahashi
- From the Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan (Y.H., T.S., T.T., T.W., S.N., D.K., T.N., S.K., S.N., H.T., T.A., T.M., I.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan (S.K., K.K.); and Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Y.T.)
| | - Takanori Arimoto
- From the Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan (Y.H., T.S., T.T., T.W., S.N., D.K., T.N., S.K., S.N., H.T., T.A., T.M., I.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan (S.K., K.K.); and Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Y.T.)
| | - Takuya Miyamoto
- From the Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan (Y.H., T.S., T.T., T.W., S.N., D.K., T.N., S.K., S.N., H.T., T.A., T.M., I.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan (S.K., K.K.); and Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Y.T.)
| | - Satoshi Kishida
- From the Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan (Y.H., T.S., T.T., T.W., S.N., D.K., T.N., S.K., S.N., H.T., T.A., T.M., I.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan (S.K., K.K.); and Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Y.T.)
| | - Kenji Kadomatsu
- From the Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan (Y.H., T.S., T.T., T.W., S.N., D.K., T.N., S.K., S.N., H.T., T.A., T.M., I.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan (S.K., K.K.); and Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Y.T.)
| | - Yasuchika Takeishi
- From the Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan (Y.H., T.S., T.T., T.W., S.N., D.K., T.N., S.K., S.N., H.T., T.A., T.M., I.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan (S.K., K.K.); and Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Y.T.)
| | - Isao Kubota
- From the Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan (Y.H., T.S., T.T., T.W., S.N., D.K., T.N., S.K., S.N., H.T., T.A., T.M., I.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan (S.K., K.K.); and Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Y.T.)
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The effect of a number of H9C2 rat cardiomyocytes passage on repeatability of cytotoxicity study results. Cytotechnology 2016; 68:2407-2415. [PMID: 26946144 PMCID: PMC5101311 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-016-9957-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The embryonic cardiomyocyte cell line H9C2 is commonly used in numerous in vitro studies, including cardiotoxicity analyses of new drugs. So far no results were published for studies on cell parameters variability during the cell line ageing process. For this reason the aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a number of H9C2 rat embryonic cardiomyocytes passages on repeatability of study results for selected cytotoxicity parameters, with doxorubicin as a model toxic agent. The cultures were passaged twenty-five times. Cells from passage 1, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 were treated with doxorubicin for 24 h. Then drug cytotoxicity was evaluated with the MTT test and additionally the nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor (Nrf2) gene expression was examined. The analysis of oxidative stress intensity and cell morphology was also assessed. The microscopic appearance of cells indicates that untreated cardiomyocytes morphology changes as well as sensitivity to toxic effects increases with the number of passages. Also an increase in oxidative stress in cells occurs with further passaging of cardiomyocytes. Statistical significance of differences in conducted tests results depended on doxorubicin concentration but in many cases the H9C2 line was found to be a reliable in vitro model only for the first five passages. For this reason it is important to take into consideration that further culturing of cardiomyocytes may not ensure repeatability of study results due to the culture ageing.
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Vagal modulation of high mobility group box-1 protein mediates electroacupuncture-induced cardioprotection in ischemia-reperfusion injury. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15503. [PMID: 26499847 PMCID: PMC4620449 DOI: 10.1038/srep15503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive release of high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) protein from ischemic cardiomyocytes activates inflammatory cascades and enhances myocardial injury after reperfusion. Here we report evidence that electroacupuncture of mice at Neiguan acupoints can inhibit the up-regulation of cardiac HMGB1 following myocardial ischemia and attenuate the associated inflammatory responses and myocardial injury during reperfusion. These benefits of electroacupuncture were partially reversed by administering recombinant HMGB1 to the mice, and further potentiated by administering anti-HMGB1 antibody. Electroacupuncture-induced inhibition of HMGB1 release was markedly reduced by unilateral vagotomy or administration of nicotinic receptor antagonist, but not by chemical sympathectomy. The cholinesterase inhibitor neostigmine mimicked the effects of electroacupuncture on HMGB1 release and myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. Culture experiments with isolated neonatal cardiomyocytes showed that acetylcholine, but not noradrenaline, inhibited hypoxia-induced release of HMGB1 via a α7nAchR-dependent pathway. These results suggest that electroacupuncture acts via the vagal nerve and its nicotinic receptor-mediated signaling to inhibit HMGB1 release from ischemic cardiomyocytes. This helps attenuate pro-inflammatory responses and myocardial injury during reperfusion.
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Gao RJ, Zhou YH, Liu T, Han QF, Yao HC. Response to letter regarding "Increased serum HMGB1 level may predict the fatal outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure". Int J Cardiol 2015; 187:434-5. [PMID: 25846652 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.03.380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Jie Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Second People's Hospital of Weifang and Clinical School of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261041, PR China
| | - Yan-Hong Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng 252000, PR China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng 252000, PR China
| | - Qian-Feng Han
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng 252000, PR China
| | - Heng-Chen Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng 252000, PR China.
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