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Hua C, Guo Z, Dai M, Zhou J, Ge H, Xue G, Xu F, Ru L, Lv K, Zhang G, Zheng L, Wang M, Teng Y, Yu W, Guo W. Lumbrokinase Extracted from Earthworms Synergizes with Bevacizumab and Chemotherapeutics in Treating Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Targeted Inactivation of BPTF/VEGF and NF-κB/COX-2 Signaling. Biomolecules 2024; 14:741. [PMID: 39062456 PMCID: PMC11274885 DOI: 10.3390/biom14070741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
As a kind of proteolytic enzyme extracted from earthworms, lumbrokinase has been used as an antithrombotic drug clinically. Nevertheless, its potential in anti-cancer, especially in anti-non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as a single form of treatment or in combination with other therapies, is still poorly understood. In this study, we explored the anti-tumor role and the responsive molecular mechanisms of lumbrokinase in suppressing tumor angiogenesis and chemoresistance development in NSCLC and its clinical potential in combination with bevacizumab and chemotherapeutics. Lumbrokinase was found to inhibit cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner and caused metastasis suppression and apoptosis induction to varying degrees in NSCLC cells. Lumbrokinase enhanced the anti-angiogenesis efficiency of bevacizumab by down-regulating BPTF expression, decreasing its anchoring at the VEGF promoter region and subsequent VEGF expression and secretion. Furthermore, lumbrokinase treatment reduced IC50 values of chemotherapeutics and improved their cytotoxicity in parental and chemo-resistant NSCLC cells via inactivating the NF-κB pathway, inhibiting the expression of COX-2 and subsequent secretion of PGE2. LPS-induced NF-κB activation reversed its inhibition on NSCLC cell proliferation and its synergy with chemotherapeutic cytotoxicity, while COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib treatment boosted such effects. Lumbrokinase combined with bevacizumab, paclitaxel, or vincristine inhibited the xenograft growth of NSCLC cells in mice more significantly than a single treatment. In conclusion, lumbrokinase inhibited NSCLC survival and sensitized NSCLC cells to bevacizumab or chemotherapeutics treatment by targeted down-regulation of BPTF/VEGF signaling and inactivation of NF-κB/COX-2 signaling, respectively. The combinational applications of lumbrokinase with bevacizumab or chemotherapeutics are expected to be developed as promising candidate therapeutic strategies to improve the efficacy of the original monotherapy in anti-NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Hua
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cells, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (C.H.); (Z.G.); (J.Z.); (H.G.); (G.X.); (L.R.); (K.L.); (G.Z.); (L.Z.); (M.W.)
| | - Ziyue Guo
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cells, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (C.H.); (Z.G.); (J.Z.); (H.G.); (G.X.); (L.R.); (K.L.); (G.Z.); (L.Z.); (M.W.)
| | - Meng Dai
- Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116044, China;
| | - Jie Zhou
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cells, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (C.H.); (Z.G.); (J.Z.); (H.G.); (G.X.); (L.R.); (K.L.); (G.Z.); (L.Z.); (M.W.)
| | - Hanxiao Ge
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cells, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (C.H.); (Z.G.); (J.Z.); (H.G.); (G.X.); (L.R.); (K.L.); (G.Z.); (L.Z.); (M.W.)
| | - Guoqing Xue
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cells, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (C.H.); (Z.G.); (J.Z.); (H.G.); (G.X.); (L.R.); (K.L.); (G.Z.); (L.Z.); (M.W.)
| | - Fahui Xu
- The Second Clinical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China;
| | - Liyuan Ru
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cells, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (C.H.); (Z.G.); (J.Z.); (H.G.); (G.X.); (L.R.); (K.L.); (G.Z.); (L.Z.); (M.W.)
| | - Kuan Lv
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cells, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (C.H.); (Z.G.); (J.Z.); (H.G.); (G.X.); (L.R.); (K.L.); (G.Z.); (L.Z.); (M.W.)
| | - Guohui Zhang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cells, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (C.H.); (Z.G.); (J.Z.); (H.G.); (G.X.); (L.R.); (K.L.); (G.Z.); (L.Z.); (M.W.)
| | - Lina Zheng
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cells, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (C.H.); (Z.G.); (J.Z.); (H.G.); (G.X.); (L.R.); (K.L.); (G.Z.); (L.Z.); (M.W.)
| | - Meiyi Wang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cells, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (C.H.); (Z.G.); (J.Z.); (H.G.); (G.X.); (L.R.); (K.L.); (G.Z.); (L.Z.); (M.W.)
| | - Yun Teng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China;
| | - Wendan Yu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cells, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (C.H.); (Z.G.); (J.Z.); (H.G.); (G.X.); (L.R.); (K.L.); (G.Z.); (L.Z.); (M.W.)
| | - Wei Guo
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cells, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (C.H.); (Z.G.); (J.Z.); (H.G.); (G.X.); (L.R.); (K.L.); (G.Z.); (L.Z.); (M.W.)
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Akhigbe R, Odetayo A, Akhigbe T, Hamed M, Ashonibare P. Pathophysiology and management of testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury: Lessons from animal models. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27760. [PMID: 38694115 PMCID: PMC11058307 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Testicular torsion is a urological emergency that involves the twisting of the spermatic cord along its course. Compelling pieces of evidence have implicated oxidative stress-sensitive signaling in pathogenesis of testicular I/R injury. Although, surgical detorsion is the mainstay management; blockade of the pathways involved in the pathogenesis may improve the surgical outcome. Experimental studies using various testicular I/R models have been reported in a bid to explore the mechanisms associated with testicular I/R and evaluate the benefits of potential therapeutic measures; however, most are limited by their shortcomings. Thus, this review was intended to describe the details of the available testicular I/R models as well as their merits and drawbacks, the pathophysiological basis and consequences of testicular I/R, and the pharmacological agents that have being proposed to confer testicular benefits against testicular I/R. This provides an understanding of the pathophysiological events and available models used in studying testicular I/R. In addition, this research provides evidence-based molecules with therapeutic potentials as well as their mechanisms of action in testicular I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- R.E. Akhigbe
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - A.F. Odetayo
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
- Department of Physiology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - T.M. Akhigbe
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
- Breeding and Plant Genetics Unit, Department of Agronomy, Osun State University, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - M.A. Hamed
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
- The Brainwill Laboratory, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - P.J. Ashonibare
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
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Yuan Y, Sheng P, Ma B, Xue B, Shen M, Zhang L, Li D, Hou J, Ren J, Liu J, Yan BC, Jiang Y. Elucidation of the mechanism of Yiqi Tongluo Granule against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury based on a combined strategy of network pharmacology, multi-omics and molecular biology. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 118:154934. [PMID: 37393828 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke is caused by local lesions of the central nervous system and is a severe cerebrovascular disease. A traditional Chinese medicine, Yiqi Tongluo Granule (YQTL), shows valuable therapeutic effects. However, the substances and mechanisms remain unclear. PURPOSE We combined network pharmacology, multi-omics, and molecular biology to elucidate the mechanisms by which YQTL protects against CIRI. STUDY DESIGN We innovatively created a combined strategy of network pharmacology, transcriptomics, proteomics and molecular biology to study the active ingredients and mechanisms of YQTL. We performed a network pharmacology study of active ingredients absorbed by the brain to explore the targets, biological processes and pathways of YQTL against CIRI. We also conducted further mechanistic analyses at the gene and protein levels using transcriptomics, proteomics, and molecular biology techniques. RESULTS YQTL significantly decreased the infarction volume percentage and improved the neurological function of mice with CIRI, inhibited hippocampal neuronal death, and suppressed apoptosis. Fifteen active ingredients of YQTL were detected in the brains of rats. Network pharmacology combined with multi-omics revealed that the 15 ingredients regulated 19 pathways via 82 targets. Further analysis suggested that YQTL protected against CIRI via the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and cAMP signaling pathway. CONCLUSION We confirmed that YQTL protected against CIRI by inhibiting nerve cell apoptosis enhanced by the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yuan
- Institute for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Pharmacology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Peng Sheng
- Department of Neurology, Medical College, Institute of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Bo Ma
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Institute of Materia Medica, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Bingjie Xue
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Mengmeng Shen
- Department of Neurology, Medical College, Institute of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Medical College, Institute of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Dan Li
- Shineway Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang 051430, China
| | - Jincai Hou
- Shineway Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang 051430, China
| | - Junguo Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Pharmacology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jianxun Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Pharmacology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Bing Chun Yan
- Department of Neurology, Medical College, Institute of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China.
| | - Yunyao Jiang
- Institute for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Stephani L, Rahayu P, Retnoningrum D, Suhartono MT, Rachmawati H, Tjandrawinata RR. Purification and proteomic analysis of potent fibrinolytic enzymes extracted from Lumbricus rubellus. Proteome Sci 2023; 21:8. [PMID: 37158880 PMCID: PMC10165752 DOI: 10.1186/s12953-023-00206-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lumbrokinase derived from earthworms, Lumbricus rubellus is known to have fibrinolytic enzymes that have potential as therapeutic drugs due to its ability to dissolve fibrin. The current study is aimed to purify the Lumbrokinase from L. rubellus and identify its protein component. METHODS Water extract of local earthworm Lumbricus rubellus revealed several proteins. Therefore, to identify its protein component, purification through HiPrep DEAE fast flow and proteomic analysis were conducted prior to identifications. A combination of two-dimension gel electrophoresis (2DE) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analysis was used to identify the purified fractions. RESULTS The purified fractions contain five protein bands, namely F25-1, F25-2, F85-1, F85-2, and F85-3, which displayed strong fibrinogenolytic activity. F25 fractions showed fibrinogenolytic activity of 974.85 U/mg, while F85 fractions showed higher activity of 1,484.11 U/mg. Fractions F85-1, F85-2, and F85-3 showed molecular weights of 42.6 kDa, 27.03 kDa, and 14 kDa, respectively and were identified as Lumbrokinase iso-enzymes. CONCLUSION This preliminary study indicates that the F25 and F85 fractions are similar to published fibrinolytic protease-1 and lumbrokinase, respectively, in terms of their amino acid sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurentia Stephani
- Biopharmaceutical Technology Division, Research Innovation and Invention, Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular Sciences, PT Dexa Medica, Kawasan Industri Jababeka II, Industri Selatan V Block PP No. 7, Cikarang, 17550, Indonesia
| | - Puji Rahayu
- Biopharmaceutical Technology Division, Research Innovation and Invention, Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular Sciences, PT Dexa Medica, Kawasan Industri Jababeka II, Industri Selatan V Block PP No. 7, Cikarang, 17550, Indonesia
| | - Debbie Retnoningrum
- Research Group of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Maggy Thenawidjaja Suhartono
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Fateta Building, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Heni Rachmawati
- Research Group of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Raymond R Tjandrawinata
- Biopharmaceutical Technology Division, Research Innovation and Invention, Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular Sciences, PT Dexa Medica, Kawasan Industri Jababeka II, Industri Selatan V Block PP No. 7, Cikarang, 17550, Indonesia.
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jalan Raya Cisauk-Lapan No. 10, Tangerang, 15345, Indonesia.
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Geng L, Zheng LZ, Kang YF, Pan CL, Wang T, Xie C, Liang B, Liao HL. Zhilong Huoxue Tongyu Capsule attenuates hemorrhagic transformation through the let-7f/TLR4 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 312:116521. [PMID: 37080368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hemorrhagic transformation after acute ischemic stroke is a life-threatening disease that currently has no effective chemotherapy. Zhilong Huoxue Tongyu Capsule (ZL) is an empirical prescription of traditional Chinese medicine that is used to prevent and treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in China. However, only a few studies have addressed the mechanisms of ZL in treating hemorrhagic transformation. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of ZL on hemorrhagic transformation model rats and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Murine RAW264.7 cells were treated with ZL and LPS (1 μg/mL), and cell viability was detected by cell counting kit-8 assay. RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of inflammatory chemokines, microRNA let-7a/e/i/f, toll like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) p65. The protein expression levels of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB p65, and apoptosis related molecules were determined by Western blotting. The apoptosis rate of RAW264.7 macrophages was detected by Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining. A hemorrhagic transformation model in rats was established by intraperitoneal injection of high glucose solution combined with thread embolization. Then, the model rats were observed behaviourally, pathologically, and molecularly. The gene expression of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB p65 was measured by RT-qPCR and used to evaluate the protective effect of ZL against hemorrhagic transformation in rats. RESULTS ZL (5, 20, 40 μg/mL) was beneficial in cell proliferation. LPS (1 μg/mL) stimulated the production of inflammatory chemokines and inhibited the production of let-7a/e/i/f, with let-7f being influenced most strongly. Moreover, overexpression of let-7f decreased the gene and protein levels of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB p65, downregulated TLR4, and inhibited its transcriptional activity. ZL (5, 20, and 40 μg·mL-1) inhibited the production of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB p65 and promoted the production of let-7f in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the blockade of TLR4 antagonized the promoting effects of TLR4 pathway activation in cell inflammation and apoptosis by downregulating let-7f. Critically, it was confirmed in vivo and in vitro that ZL upregulated the expression of let-7f and inhibited the gene expression of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB p65 to reduce inflammatory cell infiltration, which determined the occurrence of hemorrhagic transformation. CONCLUSIONS ZL can reduce inflammatory response by upregulating let-7f and subsequently inhibiting the TLR4 signaling pathway, thereby decreasing the occurrence of hemorrhagic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Geng
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Internal Medicine Department One, Wenjiang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Li-Zhu Zheng
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Long Chang City, Neijiang, China
| | - Ya-Fei Kang
- Bazhong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Bazhong, China
| | - Chuan-Ling Pan
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Tao Wang
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chen Xie
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Bo Liang
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Hui-Ling Liao
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
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Tsai CF, Lin HW, Liao JM, Chen KM, Tsai JW, Chang CS, Chou CY, Su HH, Liu PH, Chu YC, Wang YH, Wang M, Huang SS. Dunaliella salina Alga Protects against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Attenuating TLR4 Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043871. [PMID: 36835281 PMCID: PMC9963554 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is marked by rapid increase in inflammation and not only results in myocardial apoptosis but also compromises the myocardial function. Dunaliella salina (D. salina), a halophilic unicellular microalga, has been used as a provitamin A carotenoid supplement and color additive. Several studies have reported that D. salina extract could attenuate lipopolysaccharides-induced inflammatory effects and regulate the virus-induced inflammatory response in macrophages. However, the effects of D. salina on myocardial I/R injury remain unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the cardioprotection of D. salina extract in rats subjected to myocardial I/R injury that was induced by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 1 h followed by 3 h of reperfusion. Compared with the vehicle group, the myocardial infarct size significantly decreased in rats that were pre-treated with D. salina. D. salina significantly attenuated the expressions of TLR4, COX-2 and the activity of STAT1, JAK2, IκB, NF-κB. Furthermore, D. salina significantly inhibited the activation of caspase-3 and the levels of Beclin-1, p62, LC3-I/II. This study is the first to report that the cardioprotective effects of D. salina may mediate anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities and decrease autophagy through the TLR4-mediated signaling pathway to antagonize myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Feng Tsai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Lin
- Department of Optometry, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Jiuan-Miaw Liao
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Ke-Min Chen
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Wei Tsai
- Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Sung Chang
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Chou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Hui Su
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsun Liu
- Department & Institute of Physiology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chun Chu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsin Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Meilin Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.W.); (S.-S.H.); Tel.: +886-4-24730022 (ext. 12021) (M.W.); +886-4-24730022 (ext. 11665) (S.-S.H.)
| | - Shiang-Suo Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.W.); (S.-S.H.); Tel.: +886-4-24730022 (ext. 12021) (M.W.); +886-4-24730022 (ext. 11665) (S.-S.H.)
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Lumbrokinase regulates endoplasmic reticulum stress to improve neurological deficits in ischemic stroke. Neuropharmacology 2022; 221:109277. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Jo HG, Seo J, Lee D. Clinical evidence construction of East Asian herbal medicine for inflammatory pain in rheumatoid arthritis based on integrative data mining approach. Pharmacol Res 2022; 185:106460. [PMID: 36152738 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to a significant social burden. East Asian herbal medicine (EAHM) has long been used to treat RA. Therefore, a systematic study of how EAHM treatments can be developed into new drugs using specific materials is needed. METHODS Eleven databases containing literature in English, Korean, Chinese, and Japanese were searched for randomized controlled trials comparing EAHM with conventional medicine (CM). A meta-analysis was performed on the variable data to assess their effects on inflammatory pain. Subsequently, we searched for core materials and combinations of core material-based data mining methods. RESULTS A total of 186 trials involving 19,716 patients with RA met the inclusion criteria. According to the meta-analysis, EAHM had a significantly superior effect on continuous pain intensity, tender joint count, and response rate. Patients treated with EAHM had a significantly reduced incidence of adverse events compared with those treated with CM. Based on additional analysis of the EAHM formula data included in this meta-analysis, 21 core materials and five core herbal combinations were identified. CONCLUSION EAHM remedies for RA have the adequate potential for use as candidate materials for treating inflammatory pain in RA. The candidate core herbs evaluated in this study act on multiple pathways and are expected to provide pain relief, sustained inflammation suppression, immune regulation, and prevention of joint destruction. It seems worthwhile to conduct follow-up research on drug development using the core materials derived from this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Geun Jo
- BS Healthcare Co., Ltd., 11 Teheran-ro 33-gil, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06141, Republic of Korea; Allbarun Kyunghee Korean Medicine Clinic, 18, Pungmu-ro 146-gil, Gimpo, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdae-ro, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jihye Seo
- BS Healthcare Co., Ltd., 11 Teheran-ro 33-gil, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06141, Republic of Korea; Allbarun Kyunghee Korean Medicine Clinic, 18, Pungmu-ro 146-gil, Gimpo, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdae-ro, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghun Lee
- BS Healthcare Co., Ltd., 11 Teheran-ro 33-gil, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06141, Republic of Korea; Allbarun Kyunghee Korean Medicine Clinic, 18, Pungmu-ro 146-gil, Gimpo, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdae-ro, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Kell DB, Pretorius E. The potential role of ischaemia-reperfusion injury in chronic, relapsing diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Long COVID, and ME/CFS: evidence, mechanisms, and therapeutic implications. Biochem J 2022; 479:1653-1708. [PMID: 36043493 PMCID: PMC9484810 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20220154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ischaemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury, initiated via bursts of reactive oxygen species produced during the reoxygenation phase following hypoxia, is well known in a variety of acute circumstances. We argue here that I-R injury also underpins elements of the pathology of a variety of chronic, inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, ME/CFS and, our chief focus and most proximally, Long COVID. Ischaemia may be initiated via fibrin amyloid microclot blockage of capillaries, for instance as exercise is started; reperfusion is a necessary corollary when it finishes. We rehearse the mechanistic evidence for these occurrences here, in terms of their manifestation as oxidative stress, hyperinflammation, mast cell activation, the production of marker metabolites and related activities. Such microclot-based phenomena can explain both the breathlessness/fatigue and the post-exertional malaise that may be observed in these conditions, as well as many other observables. The recognition of these processes implies, mechanistically, that therapeutic benefit is potentially to be had from antioxidants, from anti-inflammatories, from iron chelators, and via suitable, safe fibrinolytics, and/or anti-clotting agents. We review the considerable existing evidence that is consistent with this, and with the biochemical mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas B. Kell
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 200, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1 Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Etheresia Pretorius
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1 Matieland 7602, South Africa
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10
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Toll-like receptors and damage-associated molecular patterns in the pathogenesis of heart transplant rejection. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:2841-2850. [PMID: 35678986 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04491-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Significant strides have been made in our understanding of the immune system and its role in cardiac transplant rejection. Despite the growing knowledge of immune responses, the mortality rate following cardiac transplantation remains grim. Related to procedural and pathological complications, toll-like receptor (TLR) and damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) signaling is the most direct and earliest interface between tissue integration and the innate immune response. This in turn can activate an adaptive immune response that further damages myocardial tissue. Furthermore, relevant literature on the status of DAMPs in the context of heart-transplantation remains limited, warranting further attention in clinical and translational research. This review aims to critically appraise the perspectives, advances, and challenges on DAMP-mediated innate immune response in the immune-mediated rejection of cardiac transplantation. Detailed analysis of the influence of TLR and DAMP signaling in mounting the immune response against the transplanted heart holds promise for improving outcomes through early detection and prevention of varied forms of organ rejection.
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11
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Chen Y, Liu Y, Zhang J, Zhou K, Zhang X, Dai H, Yang B, Shang H. Efficacy and safety of lumbrokinase plus aspirin versus aspirin alone for acute ischemic stroke (LUCENT): study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Trials 2022; 23:285. [PMID: 35410433 PMCID: PMC8996506 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06200-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lumbrokinase has been widely used for patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in China; however, because rigorously designed studies are lacking, safety and efficacy of lumbrokinase in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke remains largely unknown. In this multicenter, randomized, and controlled trial, we aim to compare lumbrokinase plus aspirin versus aspirin alone in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods A total of 220 eligible participants will be randomized to either the intervention or control group with a 1:1 ratio. These participants must be diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke for the first time, whose symptoms appear within 72 h. Their NIHSS score must be greater than 5 and less than 15, and their age must be between 35 and 85 years old. They must have not received intravenous thrombolysis, arterial thrombolysis, or intravascular intervention. Participants in the intervention group will be treated with lumbrokinase plus aspirin for the first 90 days. Participants in the control group will use placebo plus aspirin for the first 90 days. Then, all participants will be treated with aspirin only and followed up for another 90 days (180-day follow-up). The primary outcome is the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score. The secondary outcomes are National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, Activity of Daily Living (ADL) Scale score, coagulation function, and serum hypersensitive C-reactive protein. The exploratory outcomes are fasting lipid panel, recurrence rate, the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, and the mortality rate. Safety evaluations include liver function and kidney function, serum fibrinogen, adverse events, serious adverse events, and bleeding events. Adherence of participants will also be assessed. Discussion This trial will investigate the efficacy and safety of lumbrokinase plus aspirin as compared to aspirin alone in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2000032952. Registered on May 16, 2020.
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12
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Zhong Y, Chen L, Li M, Chen L, Qian Y, Chen C, Wang Y, Xu Y. Dangshen Erling Decoction Ameliorates Myocardial Hypertrophy via Inhibiting Myocardial Inflammation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:725186. [PMID: 35046797 PMCID: PMC8762257 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.725186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial hypertrophy plays an essential role in the structural remodeling of the heart and the progression to heart failure (HF). There is an urgent need to understand the mechanisms underlying cardiac hypertrophy and to develop treatments for early intervention. Dangshen Erling decoction (DSELD) is a clinically used formula in Chinese medicine for treating coronary heart disease in patients with HF. However, the mechanism by which DSELD produces its cardioprotective effects remains largely unknown. This study explored the effects of DSELD on myocardial hypotrophy both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro studies indicated that DSELD significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the cross-sectional area of the myocardium and reduced elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-6 levels in the induced H9C2 cell model to study inflammation. In vivo experiments revealed that DSELD restores cardiac function and significantly reduces myocardial fibrosis in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced HF mouse model (p < 0.05). In addition, DSELD downregulated the expression of several inflammatory cytokines, such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), granulocyte CSF (G-CSF), IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-3, IL-5, IL-7, IL-12, IL-13, and TNF-α in HF (p < 0.05). Further analysis of the cardiac tissue demonstrated that DSELD produces its anti-inflammatory effects via the Toll-like receptor (TLR)4 signaling pathway. The expression of TLR4 downstream proteins such as matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) and myeloid differentiation factor-88 (MyD88) was among the regulated targets. In conclusion, these observations suggest that DSELD exerts antihypertrophic effects by alleviating the inflammatory injury via the TLR4 signaling pathway in HF and thus holds promising therapeutic potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yigang Zhong
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liuying Chen
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miaofu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lian Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yufeng Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaofeng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yizhou Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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13
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Jiao X, Xing Y, Wang H, Jin X, Zhang T, Peng X, Li R, Liang L, Liu R, Han L, Li Z. A strategy based on gene sequencing and molecular docking for analysis and prediction of bioactive peptides in Shuxuetong injection. Biophys Chem 2021; 282:106749. [PMID: 34971853 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2021.106749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Peptides are a class of protein fragments with relatively high biological activity and intense specificity, which play crucial role in the treatment of Shuxuetong injection (SXT). However, the extraordinary complexity of Chinese medicinal formulates and the lack of systematic identification methods are primary challenges for study of pharmacodynamic peptides. In addition, infinitesimal peptides contents further hinder the identification and structural characterization of polypeptide by traditional means. In this paper, we described a strategy that LC-MS combined with molecular docking to systematically illustrate the peptide components of SXT. The key to this research was used of gene sequencing to establish a SXT protein database to further achieve the separation and enrichment of chemical methods. Moreover, the ADRA2A, PAR4 and DRD3 were precisely docked with the identified peptides. The result indicated that 12 compounds had stable binding ability and were speculated to be the latent bioactive monomers for the treatment of stroke. Additionally, 12 peptides were verified by cell-based experiment. The results showed that only YLKTT could indeed protect astrocytes from oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). The YLKTT showed higher activity than the others in vitro. It might be a completely new compound that has never been reported before, providing the basis for further research and a new paradigm for stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyang Lake Road, West Zone of Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yanchao Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyang Lake Road, West Zone of Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyang Lake Road, West Zone of Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Military Medicine Section, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, 1 Huizhihuan Road, Dongli District, Tianjin 300309, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyang Lake Road, West Zone of Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xingru Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyang Lake Road, West Zone of Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyang Lake Road, West Zone of Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Liuyi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyang Lake Road, West Zone of Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyang Lake Road, West Zone of Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Lifeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyang Lake Road, West Zone of Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Zheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyang Lake Road, West Zone of Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China.
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14
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Charoensaensuk V, Chen YC, Lin YH, Ou KL, Yang LY, Lu DY. Porphyromonas gingivalis Induces Proinflammatory Cytokine Expression Leading to Apoptotic Death through the Oxidative Stress/NF-κB Pathway in Brain Endothelial Cells. Cells 2021; 10:3033. [PMID: 34831265 PMCID: PMC8616253 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis, a periodontal pathogen, has been proposed to cause blood vessel injury leading to cerebrovascular diseases such as stroke. Brain endothelial cells compose the blood-brain barrier that protects homeostasis of the central nervous system. However, whether P. gingivalis causes the death of endothelial cells and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the impact and regulatory mechanisms of P. gingivalis infection in brain endothelial cells. We used bEnd.3 cells and primary mouse endothelial cells to assess the effects of P. gingivalis on endothelial cells. Our results showed that infection with live P. gingivalis, unlike heat-killed P. gingivalis, triggers brain endothelial cell death by inducing cell apoptosis. Moreover, P. gingivalis infection increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, activated NF-κB, and up-regulated the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α. Furthermore, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), a most frequently used antioxidant, treatment significantly reduced P. gingivalis-induced cell apoptosis and brain endothelial cell death. The enhancement of ROS production, NF-κB p65 activation, and proinflammatory cytokine expression was also attenuated by NAC treatment. The impact of P. gingivalis on brain endothelial cells was also confirmed using adult primary mouse brain endothelial cells (MBECs). In summary, our results showed that P. gingivalis up-regulates IL-1β and TNF-α protein expression, which consequently causes cell death of brain endothelial cells through the ROS/NF-κB pathway. Our results, together with the results of previous case-control studies and epidemiologic reports, strongly support the hypothesis that periodontal infection increases the risk of developing cerebrovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vichuda Charoensaensuk
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (V.C.); (Y.-H.L.)
| | - Yen-Chou Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Yun-Ho Lin
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (V.C.); (Y.-H.L.)
| | - Keng-Liang Ou
- 3D Global Biotech Inc., New Taipei City 22175, Taiwan;
| | - Liang-Yo Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Laboratory for Neural Repair, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Yuu Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Photonics and Communication Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
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15
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Tsai CF, Su HH, Chen K, Liao JM, Yao YT, Chen YH, Wang M, Chu YC, Wang YH, Huang SS. Paeonol Protects Against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Injury by Mediating Apoptosis and Autophagy Crosstalk. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:586498. [PMID: 33551799 PMCID: PMC7858273 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.586498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Many studies have shown that crosstalk exists between apoptosis and autophagy, despite differences in mechanisms between these processes. Paeonol, a major phenolic compound isolated from Moutan Cortex Radicis, the root bark of Paeonia × suffruticosa Andrews (Paeoniaceae), is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine as an antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent. In this study, we investigated the detailed molecular mechanisms of the crosstalk between apoptosis and autophagy underlying the cardioprotective effects of paeonol in rats subjected to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Myocardial I/R injury was induced by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) for 1 h followed by 3 h of reperfusion. Paeonol was intravenously administered 15 min before LAD ligation. We found that paeonol significantly improved cardiac function after myocardial I/R injury and significantly decreased myocardial I/R-induced arrhythmia and mortality. Paeonol also significantly decreased myocardial infarction and plasma LDH activity and Troponin-I levels in carotid blood after I/R. Compared with vehicle treatment, paeonol significantly upregulated Bcl-2 protein expression and significantly downregulated the cleaved forms of caspase-8, caspase-9, caspase-3 and PARP protein expression in the I/R injured myocardium. Myocardial I/R-induced autophagy, including the increase of Beclin-1, p62, LC3-I, and LC3-II protein expression in the myocardium was significantly reversed by paeonol treatment. Paeonol also significantly increased the Bcl-2/Bax and Bcl-2/Beclin-1 ratios in the myocardium after I/R injury. The cardioprotective role of paeonol during I/R injury may be due to its mediation of crosstalk between apoptotic and autophagic signaling pathways, which inhibits apoptosis and autophagic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Feng Tsai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan,School of Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Hui Su
- Department of Pharmacology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ke‐Min Chen
- Department of Parasitology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jiuan-Miaw Liao
- Department of Physiology, Chung Shan Medical University and Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Yao
- School of Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan,Research Center for Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan,Department of Photonics and Communication Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meilin Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chun Chu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan,*Correspondence: Ya-Chun Chu, ; Yi-Hsin Wang, ; Shiang-Suo Huang,
| | - Yi-Hsin Wang
- School of Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan,Department of Pharmacology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan,*Correspondence: Ya-Chun Chu, ; Yi-Hsin Wang, ; Shiang-Suo Huang,
| | - Shiang-Suo Huang
- School of Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan,Department of Pharmacology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan,Department of Pharmacy, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan,*Correspondence: Ya-Chun Chu, ; Yi-Hsin Wang, ; Shiang-Suo Huang,
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16
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Li J, Ye M, Gao J, Zhang Y, Zhu Q, Liang W. Systematic Understanding of Mechanism of Yi-Qi-Huo-Xue Decoction Against Intracerebral Hemorrhagic Stroke Using a Network Pharmacology Approach. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e921849. [PMID: 32769962 PMCID: PMC7433745 DOI: 10.12659/msm.921849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), a fatal type of stroke, profoundly affects public health. Yi-Qi-Huo-Xue decoction (YQHXD), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription, is verified to be an efficient method to treat ICH stroke among the Chinese population. Nevertheless, the pharmacological mechanisms of YQHXD have been unclear. Material/Methods We used a strategy based on network pharmacology to explore the possible multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway pattern of YQHXD in treating ICH. First, candidate targets for YQHXD were identified using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). Then, these candidate YQHXD targets were used in combination with the known targets for the treatment of ICH stroke to construct the core network (cPPI) using data on protein–protein interaction (PPI). We calculated 5 topological parameters for identification of the main hubs. Pathway enrichment and GO biological process enrichment analyses were performed after the incorporation of the main hubs into ClueGO. Results In total, 55 candidate YQHXD targets for ICH were recognized to be the major hubs in accordance with their topological importance. As suggested by enrichment analysis, the YQHXD targets for ICH were roughly classified into several biological processes (related to redox equilibrium, cell–cell communication, adhesion and collagen biosynthesis, cytokine generation, lymphocyte differentiation and activation, neurocyte apoptosis and development, neuroendocrine system, and vascular development) and related pathways (VEGF, mTOR, NF-kB, RAS/MAPK, JAK/STAT and cytokine–cytokine receptors interaction), indicating those mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of YQHXD. Conclusions The present results may serve as a pharmacological framework for TCM studies in the future, helping to promote the use of YQHXD in clinical treatment of ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Ming Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Jueming Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Yeqing Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Qiyong Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Weibang Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
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17
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Liu H, Liu W, Qiu H, Zou D, Cai H, Chen Q, Zheng C, Xu D. Salvianolic acid B protects against myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury in rats via inhibiting high mobility group box 1 protein expression through the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 393:1527-1539. [PMID: 31853618 PMCID: PMC7351826 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01755-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) has a significant protective effect on myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Therefore, the aims of this study were to determine the effects of Sal B on myocardial ischaemic-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats and to explore whether its underlying mechanism of cardioprotection occurs through activating the expression of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein, kinase B (PI3K/Akt) and inhibiting the expression of high mobility group protein 1 (HMGB1). Ninety Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into five groups: group 1 (sham-operated), group 2 (myocardial I/R), group 3 (low dose of Sal B+I/R), group 4 (high dose of Sal B+I/R), and group 5 (high dose of Sal B+I/R+LY294002, which is a specific PI3k inhibitor). All I/R rats received 30 min myocardial ischaemia followed by 24-h reperfusion. Cardiac function, infarct size, myocardial injury marker levels, inflammatory response and cardiomyocyte apoptosis as well as Bcl-2, Bax, P-Akt, HMGB1 and TLR4 expression were measured. In the current study, Sal B significantly ameliorated myocardial I/R injury in a dose-dependent manner, ameliorated cardiac function, reduced myocardial infarction size, decreased myocardial injury marker expression, decreased inflammatory responses, reduced apoptosis, activated PI3K/Akt expression and inhibited HMGB1 expression. However, all effects of Sal B were significantly reversed by LY294002. Overall, the present study indicated that Sal B attenuated myocardial I/R injury by activating PI3K/Akt and inhibiting the release of HMGB1 in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqing Liu
- Cardiovascular Department, Guangzhou Hospital of integrated Traditional and West Medicine, Guangzhou, 510800, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Geriatrics Department, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huiliang Qiu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dezhi Zou
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Huayang Cai
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Internal Medicine Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Qiuxiong Chen
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Cardiovascular Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Chaoyang Zheng
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Cardiovascular Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Danping Xu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Cardiovascular Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Danarto R, Heriyanto DS, Risan M, Yuri P. Lumbrokinase effects on pro- and anti-apoptotic gene expression in Wistar rats with testicular torsion. Res Rep Urol 2019; 11:249-254. [PMID: 31572694 PMCID: PMC6756824 DOI: 10.2147/rru.s212431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Testicular reperfusion is believed to be the mechanism by which testicular injury occurs in the ischemic testis. This study was performed to determine the therapeutic efficacy of lumbrokinase for treating ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury-induced bilateral testicular torsion. Methods Twenty-four male rats were equally divided into the following groups: torsion only (T), torsion plus lumbrokinase (TL), torsion-detorsion only (TD) and torsion-detorsion plus lumbrokinase (TDL) groups. The right testicle in each groups sample was rotated 720° for 4 h, followed by orchiectomy. The rats in the TD (TD and TDL) groups additionally underwent detorsion for 1 h after the initial rotation. Testicular tissues were collected for measuring anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) and pro-apoptotic BCL-2-associated X protein (BAX) gene expression levels using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results Pro- and anti-apoptotic gene expression levels were increased in the TD groups. Lumbrokinase was significantly effective in lowering BAX expression levels, particularly those in the TDL group compared with those in the TD group (P<0.05). Lumbrokinase did not significant change BCL-2 expression levels. Conclusion The administration of lumbrokinase before orchiectomy can protect against IR-induced testicular damage by reducing pro-apoptotic gene expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raden Danarto
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Didik Setyo Heriyanto
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Risan
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Prahara Yuri
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
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Exogenous GDF11 attenuates non-canonical TGF-β signaling to protect the heart from acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Basic Res Cardiol 2019; 114:20. [PMID: 30900023 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-019-0728-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) is a member of the transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) superfamily that reverses age-related cardiac hypertrophy, improves muscle regeneration and angiogenesis, and maintains progenitor cells in injured tissue. Recently, targeted myocardial delivery of the GDF11 gene in aged mice was found to reduce heart failure and enhance the proliferation of cardiac progenitor cells after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I-R). No investigations have as yet explored the cardioprotective effect of exogenous recombinant GDF11 in acute I-R injury, despite the convenience of its clinical application. We sought to determine whether exogenous recombinant GDF11 protects against acute myocardial I-R injury and investigate the underlying mechanism in Sprague-Dawley rats. We found that GDF11 reduced arrhythmia severity and successfully attenuated myocardial infarction; GDF11 also increased cardiac function after I-R, enhanced HO-1 expression and decreased oxidative damage. GDF11 activated the canonical TGF-β signaling pathway and inactivated the non-canonical pathways, ERK and JNK signaling pathways. Moreover, administration of GDF11 prior to reperfusion protected the heart from reperfusion damage. Notably, pretreatment with the activin-binding protein, follistatin (FST), inhibited the cardioprotective effects of GDF11 by blocking its activation of Smad2/3 signaling and its inactivation of detrimental TGF-β signaling. Our data suggest that exogenous GDF11 has cardioprotective effects and may have morphologic and functional recovery in the early stage of myocardial I-R injury. GDF11 may be an innovative therapeutic approach for reducing myocardial I-R injury.
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Xue J, Ge H, Lin Z, Wang H, Lin W, Liu Y, Wu G, Xia J, Zhao Q. The role of dendritic cells regulated by HMGB1/TLR4 signalling pathway in myocardial ischaemia reperfusion injury. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:2849-2862. [PMID: 30784177 PMCID: PMC6433676 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory response plays an important role in ischaemia reperfusion injury (IRI) through a variety of inflammatory cells. Apart from neutrophils, macrophages and lymphocytes, the role of dendritic cells (DCs) in IRI has been noticed. The study was aimed at investigating whether the high‐mobility group protein box‐1/toll like receptor 4 (HMGB1/TLR4) signalling pathway regulate the migration, adhesion and aggregation of DCs to the myocardium, induce DCs activation and maturation, stimulate the expression of surface costimulatory molecules and participate in myocardial IRI. In vivo, migration, adhesion, and aggregation of DCs was enhanced; the expression of peripheral blood DCs CD80 and CD86, myocardial adhesion molecules were increased; and the infarct size was increased during myocardial ischaemia reperfusion injury myocardial ischemic/reperfusion injury (MI/RI). These responses induced by MI/RI were significantly inhibited by HMGB1 specific neutralizing antibody treatment. Cellular experiments confirmed that HMGB1 promoted the release of inflammatory cytokines through TLR4/MyD88/NF‐κB, upregulated CD80 and CD86 expression, mediated the damage of cardiomyocytes and accelerated the apoptosis. Our results indicate that DCs activation and maturation, stimulate the expression of surface costimulatory molecules by promoting the release of inflammatory factors through NF‐κB pathway and participate in myocardial IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyang Xue
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hanwei Ge
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hanlei Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Guowei Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jie Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qifeng Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
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21
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Earthworm protease in anti-thrombosis and anti-fibrosis. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1863:379-383. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Li X, Huang X, Tang Y, Zhao F, Cao Y, Yin L, Li G. Assessing the Pharmacological and Therapeutic Efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Liangxue Tongyu Prescription for Intracerebral Hemorrhagic Stroke in Neurological Disease Models. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1169. [PMID: 30459599 PMCID: PMC6232344 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage is a fatal subtype of stroke, with crucial impact on public health. Surgical removal of the hematoma as an early-stage treatment for ICH can't improve long-term prognosis remarkably. Liangxue tongyu prescription (LP), a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula, includes eight ingredients and has been used to treat ICH in the clinical. In the study, we elucidated the pharmacological efficacy and therapeutic efficacy of LP to dissect the mechanism of LP against ICH via network analysis and experimental validation. First, we discovered 34 potential compounds and 146 corresponding targets in LP based on network prediction. 24 signal pathway were obtained by the Clue Go assay based on potential compounds in LP against ICH. Second, we found that LP can not only decreased the level of high sensitive C reactive protein (HS-CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), NF-kβ, D-dimmer (D2D), estradiol (E2), S-100B, neuron specific enolase (NSE), and interleukin 1 (IL-1) in plasma on spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), but also promoted cell proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis on the glutamate-induced PC12 cell. The compounds including Taurine, Paeonol, and Ginsenoside Rb1 in LP can activate PI3K/AKT pathway. Third, from the three-factor two-level factorial design, compound combinations in LP, such as Taurine and Paeonol, Taurine and Geniposide, Ginsenoside Rg1, and Ginsenoside Rb1, had first-level interactions on cell proliferation. Compound combinations including Taurine and Paeonol, Ginsenoside Rg1 and Ginsenoside Rb1 had as significant increase in efficiency on inhibiting the apoptosis of PC12 cells at the low concentration and up-regulating of PI3K and AKT. Overall, our results suggested that LP had integrated therapeutic effect on ICH due to activities of anti-inflammatory, anti-coagulation, blood vessel protection, and protection neuron from excitotoxicity based on the way of "multi-component, multi-target, multi-pathway," and compound combination in LP can offer protection neuron from excitotoxicity at the low concentration by activation of the PI3K/Akt signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Jiangsu Wujin Vocational School, Changzhou, China
| | - Yuanlin Tang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangli Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanmei Cao
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lian Yin
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Guochun Li
- College of Preclinical Medical, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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23
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Wang YH, Li SA, Huang CH, Su HH, Chen YH, Chang JT, Huang SS. Sirt1 Activation by Post-ischemic Treatment With Lumbrokinase Protects Against Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:636. [PMID: 29962953 PMCID: PMC6013847 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lumbrokinase is used as an oral supplement to support and maintain healthy cardiovascular function, and to treat cardiovascular diseases in clinical for more than 10 years. Up until now, the mechanism of the cardioprotective effects of post-ischemic treatment with lumbrokinase has remained unclear. We therefore investigated the signaling pathways involved in the amelioration of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury in rats treated with lumbrokinase 20 min after myocardial ischemia. Compared to vehicle-treated rats, post-ischemic treatment with lumbrokinase was associated with significant reductions in myocardial I-R-induced arrhythmias and myocardial damage, and an improvement in cardiac function. Moreover, lumbrokinase significantly upregulated levels of silent information regulator 1 (Sirt1). In addition, lumbrokinase significantly increased manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase expression, decreased Cleaved-Caspase-3 expression, and induced deacetylation of FoxO1. On the other hand, lumbrokinase also significantly downregulated levels of succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome c oxidase, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and elevated levels of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3. Notably, the cardioprotective effects of lumbrokinase were abolished by administration of the specific Sirt1 inhibitor EX527. These findings demonstrate that post-ischemic treatment with lumbrokinase attenuates myocardial I-R injury through the activation of Sirt1 signaling, and thus enhances autophagic flux and reduces I-R-induced oxidative damage, inflammation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsin Wang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-An Li
- Superintendent Office, Yuanli Lee's General Hospital, Lee's Medical Corporation, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hsin Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dajia Lee's General Hospital, Lee's Medical Corporation, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Hui Su
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science and Research Center for Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Photonics and Communication Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jinghua T Chang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shiang-Suo Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Zhou DC, Su YH, Jiang FQ, Xia JB, Wu HY, Chang ZS, Peng WT, Song GH, Park KS, Kim SK, Cai DQ, Zheng L, Qi XF. CpG oligodeoxynucleotide preconditioning improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction via modulation of energy metabolism and angiogenesis. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:4245-4257. [PMID: 29057537 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Unmethylated CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG-ODN), a Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) ligand, has been shown to protect against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, the potential effects of CpG-ODN on myocardial infarction (MI) induced by persistent ischemia remains unclear. Here, we investigated whether and how CpG-ODN preconditioning protects against MI in mice. C57BL/6 mice were treated with CpG-ODN by i.p. injection 2 hr prior to MI induction, and cardiac function, and histology were analyzed 2 weeks after MI. Both 1826-CpG and KSK-CpG preconditioning significantly improved the left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (LVEF) and LV fractional shortening (LVFS) when compared with non-CpG controls. Histological analysis further confirmed the cardioprotection of CpG-ODN preconditioning. In vitro studies further demonstrated that CpG-ODN preconditioning increases cardiomyocyte survival under hypoxic/ischemic conditions by enhancing stress tolerance through TLR9-mediated inhibition of the SERCA2/ATP and activation of AMPK pathways. Moreover, CpG-ODN preconditioning significantly increased angiogenesis in the infarcted myocardium compared with non-CpG. However, persistent TLR9 activation mediated by lentiviral infection failed to improve cardiac function after MI. Although CpG-ODN preconditioning increased angiogenesis in vitro, both the persistent stimulation of CpG-ODN and stable overexpression of TLR9 suppressed the tube formation of cardiac microvascular endothelial cells. CpG-ODN preconditioning significantly protects cardiac function against MI by suppressing the energy metabolism of cardiomyocytes and promoting angiogenesis. Our data also indicate that CpG-ODN preconditioning may be useful in MI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng-Cheng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Hui Su
- Department of General Surgery, The 5th Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Fu-Qing Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Bo Xia
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Yan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zao-Shang Chang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Tao Peng
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Hua Song
- Institute of Atherosclerosis, TaiShan Medical University, Tai'an, China
| | - Kyu-Sang Park
- Department of Physiology, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon, Korea
| | - Soo-Ki Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon, Korea
| | - Dong-Qing Cai
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu-Feng Qi
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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25
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Hung YC, Kuo YJ, Huang SS, Huang TF. Trimucrin, an Arg-Gly-Asp containing disintegrin, attenuates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in murine by inhibiting platelet function. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 813:24-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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