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Fenech M, Amorim-Silva V, Esteban del Valle A, Arnaud D, Ruiz-Lopez N, Castillo AG, Smirnoff N, Botella MA. The role of GDP-l-galactose phosphorylase in the control of ascorbate biosynthesis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:1574-1594. [PMID: 33793952 PMCID: PMC8133566 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The enzymes involved in l-ascorbate biosynthesis in photosynthetic organisms (the Smirnoff-Wheeler [SW] pathway) are well established. Here, we analyzed their subcellular localizations and potential physical interactions and assessed their role in the control of ascorbate synthesis. Transient expression of C terminal-tagged fusions of SW genes in Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis thaliana mutants complemented with genomic constructs showed that while GDP-d-mannose epimerase is cytosolic, all the enzymes from GDP-d-mannose pyrophosphorylase (GMP) to l-galactose dehydrogenase (l-GalDH) show a dual cytosolic/nuclear localization. All transgenic lines expressing functional SW protein green fluorescent protein fusions driven by their endogenous promoters showed a high accumulation of the fusion proteins, with the exception of those lines expressing GDP-l-galactose phosphorylase (GGP) protein, which had very low abundance. Transient expression of individual or combinations of SW pathway enzymes in N. benthamiana only increased ascorbate concentration if GGP was included. Although we did not detect direct interaction between the different enzymes of the pathway using yeast-two hybrid analysis, consecutive SW enzymes, as well as the first and last enzymes (GMP and l-GalDH) associated in coimmunoprecipitation studies. This association was supported by gel filtration chromatography, showing the presence of SW proteins in high-molecular weight fractions. Finally, metabolic control analysis incorporating known kinetic characteristics showed that previously reported feedback repression at the GGP step, combined with its relatively low abundance, confers a high-flux control coefficient and rationalizes why manipulation of other enzymes has little effect on ascorbate concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Fenech
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora” (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Vítor Amorim-Silva
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora” (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Alicia Esteban del Valle
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora” (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Dominique Arnaud
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Noemi Ruiz-Lopez
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora” (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Araceli G Castillo
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora” (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Nicholas Smirnoff
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Miguel A Botella
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora” (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
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Berterame NM, Martani F, Porro D, Branduardi P. Copper homeostasis as a target to improve Saccharomyces cerevisiae tolerance to oxidative stress. Metab Eng 2019; 46:43-50. [PMID: 29477856 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is widely used as a cell factory for the biotechnological production of various industrial products. During these processes, yeasts meet different kinds of stressors that often cause oxidative stress and thus impair cell growth. Therefore, the development of robust strains is indispensable to improve production, yield and productivity of fermentative processes. Copper plays a key role in the response to oxidative stress, as cofactor of the cytosolic superoxide dismutase (Sod1) and being contained in metallochaperone and metallothioneines with antioxidant properties. In this work, we observed a higher naturally copper internalization in a robust S. cerevisiae strain engineered to produce the antioxidant l-ascorbic acid (L-AA), compared with the wild type strain. Therefore, we investigated the effect of the alteration of copper homeostasis on cellular stress tolerance. CTR1 and FRE1 genes, codifying for a plasma membrane high-affinity copper transporter and for a cell-surface ferric/cupric reductase, respectively, were overexpressed in both wild type and L-AA cells. Remarkably, we found that the sole FRE1 overexpression was sufficient to increase copper internalization leading to an enhanced stress tolerance toward H2O2 exposure, in both strains under investigation. These findings reveal copper homeostasis as a target for the development of robust cell factories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Maria Berterame
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy; Galatea Biotech Srl, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Martani
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Danilo Porro
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Branduardi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy.
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Berterame NM, Bertagnoli S, Codazzi V, Porro D, Branduardi P. Temperature-induced lipocalin (TIL): a shield against stress-inducing environmental shocks in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEMS Yeast Res 2017; 17:4056149. [PMID: 28830085 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/fox056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a well-established workhorse, either for recombinant or natural products, thanks to its natural traits and easily editable metabolism. However, during a bio-based industrial process it meets multiple stresses generated by operative conditions such as non-optimal temperature, pH, oxygenation and product accumulation. The development of tolerant strains is therefore indispensable for the improvement of production, yield and productivity of fermentative processes. In this regard, plants as resilient organisms are a generous source for fishing genes and/or metabolites that can help the cell factory to counteract environmental constraints. Plants possess proteins named temperature-induced lipocalins, TIL, whose levels in the cells correlates with the tolerance to sudden temperature changes and with the scavenging of reactive oxygen species. In this work, the gene encoding for the Arabidopsis thaliana TIL protein was for the first time expressed in S. cerevisiae. The recombinant strain was compared and analysed against the parental counterpart under heat shock, freezing, exposure to organic acid and oxidative agents. In all the tested conditions, TIL expression conferred a higher tolerance to the stress imposed, making this strain a promising candidate for the development of robust cell factories able to overtake the major impairments of industrial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Maria Berterame
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan 20126, Italy
| | - Stefano Bertagnoli
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan 20126, Italy
| | - Vera Codazzi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan 20126, Italy
| | - Danilo Porro
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan 20126, Italy
| | - Paola Branduardi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan 20126, Italy
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Guleria S, Zhou J, Koffas MA. Nutraceuticals (Vitamin C, Carotenoids, Resveratrol). Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527807833.ch10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Guleria
- Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology; Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences; Main Campus Chatha Jammu 180 009 India
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Jiangnan University; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology; 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Mattheos A.G. Koffas
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies; 110 8th Street Troy NY 12180 USA
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Martani F, Marano F, Bertacchi S, Porro D, Branduardi P. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae poly(A) binding protein Pab1 as a target for eliciting stress tolerant phenotypes. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18318. [PMID: 26658950 PMCID: PMC4677312 DOI: 10.1038/srep18318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
When exploited as cell factories, Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells are exposed to harsh environmental stresses impairing titer, yield and productivity of the fermentative processes. The development of robust strains therefore represents a pivotal challenge for the implementation of cost-effective bioprocesses. Altering master regulators of general cellular rewiring represents a possible strategy to evoke shaded potential that may accomplish the desirable features. The poly(A) binding protein Pab1, as stress granules component, was here selected as the target for obtaining widespread alterations in mRNA metabolism, resulting in stress tolerant phenotypes. Firstly, we demonstrated that the modulation of Pab1 levels improves robustness against different stressors. Secondly, the mutagenesis of PAB1 and the application of a specific screening protocol on acetic acid enriched medium allowed the isolation of the further ameliorated mutant pab1 A60-9. These findings pave the way for a novel approach to unlock industrially promising phenotypes through the modulation of a post-transcriptional regulatory element.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Martani
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, 20126, Italy
| | - Francesca Marano
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, 20126, Italy
| | - Stefano Bertacchi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, 20126, Italy
| | - Danilo Porro
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, 20126, Italy.,SYSBIO - Centre of Systems Biology, Milano and Roma, Italy
| | - Paola Branduardi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, 20126, Italy
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Gao L, Hu Y, Liu J, Du G, Zhou J, Chen J. Stepwise metabolic engineering of Gluconobacter oxydans WSH-003 for the direct production of 2-keto-l-gulonic acid from d-sorbitol. Metab Eng 2014; 24:30-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Martani F, Fossati T, Posteri R, Signori L, Porro D, Branduardi P. Different response to acetic acid stress inSaccharomyces cerevisiaewild-type andl-ascorbic acid-producing strains. Yeast 2013; 30:365-78. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.2969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Revised: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Behravan J, Mosafa F, Soudmand N, Taghiabadi E, Razavi BM, Karimi G. Protective Effects of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of Portulaca oleracea L. Aerial Parts on H2O2- Induced DNA Damage in Lymphocytes by Comet Assay. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2011; 4:193-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jams.2011.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2011] [Revised: 05/16/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Varman AM, Xiao Y, Leonard E, Tang YJ. Statistics-based model for prediction of chemical biosynthesis yield from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Microb Cell Fact 2011; 10:45. [PMID: 21689458 PMCID: PMC3145561 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-10-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The robustness of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in facilitating industrial-scale production of ethanol extends its utilization as a platform to synthesize other metabolites. Metabolic engineering strategies, typically via pathway overexpression and deletion, continue to play a key role for optimizing the conversion efficiency of substrates into the desired products. However, chemical production titer or yield remains difficult to predict based on reaction stoichiometry and mass balance. We sampled a large space of data of chemical production from S. cerevisiae, and developed a statistics-based model to calculate production yield using input variables that represent the number of enzymatic steps in the key biosynthetic pathway of interest, metabolic modifications, cultivation modes, nutrition and oxygen availability. Results Based on the production data of about 40 chemicals produced from S. cerevisiae, metabolic engineering methods, nutrient supplementation, and fermentation conditions described therein, we generated mathematical models with numerical and categorical variables to predict production yield. Statistically, the models showed that: 1. Chemical production from central metabolic precursors decreased exponentially with increasing number of enzymatic steps for biosynthesis (>30% loss of yield per enzymatic step, P-value = 0); 2. Categorical variables of gene overexpression and knockout improved product yield by 2~4 folds (P-value < 0.1); 3. Addition of notable amount of intermediate precursors or nutrients improved product yield by over five folds (P-value < 0.05); 4. Performing the cultivation in a well-controlled bioreactor enhanced the yield of product by three folds (P-value < 0.05); 5. Contribution of oxygen to product yield was not statistically significant. Yield calculations for various chemicals using the linear model were in fairly good agreement with the experimental values. The model generally underestimated the ethanol production as compared to other chemicals, which supported the notion that the metabolism of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has historically evolved for robust alcohol fermentation. Conclusions We generated simple mathematical models for first-order approximation of chemical production yield from S. cerevisiae. These linear models provide empirical insights to the effects of strain engineering and cultivation conditions toward biosynthetic efficiency. These models may not only provide guidelines for metabolic engineers to synthesize desired products, but also be useful to compare the biosynthesis performance among different research papers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arul M Varman
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
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