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Li D, Tian Y, Liu X, Wang W, Li Y, Tan H, Zhang J. Reconstitution of a mini-gene cluster combined with ribosome engineering led to effective enhancement of salinomycin production in Streptomyces albus. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 14:2356-2368. [PMID: 33270372 PMCID: PMC8601195 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Salinomycin, an FDA-approved polyketide drug, was recently identified as a promising anti-tumour and anti-viral lead compound. It is produced by Streptomyces albus, and the biosynthetic gene cluster (sal) spans over 100 kb. The genetic manipulation of large polyketide gene clusters is challenging, and approaches delivering reliable efficiency and accuracy are desired. Herein, a delicate strategy to enhance salinomycin production was devised and evaluated. We reconstructed a minimized sal gene cluster (mini-cluster) on pSET152 including key genes responsible for tailoring modification, antibiotic resistance, positive regulation and precursor supply. These genes were overexpressed under the control of constitutive promoter PkasO* or Pneo . The pks operon was not included in the mini-cluster, but it was upregulated by SalJ activation. After the plasmid pSET152::mini-cluster was introduced into the wild-type strain and a chassis host strain obtained by ribosome engineering, salinomycin production was increased to 2.3-fold and 5.1-fold compared with that of the wild-type strain respectively. Intriguingly, mini-cluster introduction resulted in much higher production than overexpression of the whole sal gene cluster. The findings demonstrated that reconstitution of sal mini-cluster combined with ribosome engineering is an efficient novel approach and may be extended to other large polyketide biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial ResourcesInstitute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Yuqing Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial ResourcesInstitute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Xiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial ResourcesInstitute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Wenxi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial ResourcesInstitute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Yue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial ResourcesInstitute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Huarong Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial ResourcesInstitute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Jihui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial ResourcesInstitute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
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McErlean M, Liu X, Cui Z, Gust B, Van Lanen SG. Identification and characterization of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:1362-1407. [PMID: 33404015 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00064g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to September 2020 Hundreds of nucleoside-based natural products have been isolated from various microorganisms, several of which have been utilized in agriculture as pesticides and herbicides, in medicine as therapeutics for cancer and infectious disease, and as molecular probes to study biological processes. Natural products consisting of structural modifications of each of the canonical nucleosides have been discovered, ranging from simple modifications such as single-step alkylations or acylations to highly elaborate modifications that dramatically alter the nucleoside scaffold and require multiple enzyme-catalyzed reactions. A vast amount of genomic information has been uncovered the past two decades, which has subsequently allowed the first opportunity to interrogate the chemically intriguing enzymatic transformations for the latter type of modifications. This review highlights (i) the discovery and potential applications of structurally complex pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics for which genetic information is known, (ii) the established reactions that convert the canonical pyrimidine into a new nucleoside scaffold, and (iii) the important tailoring reactions that impart further structural complexity to these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- M McErlean
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, USA.
| | - X Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, USA.
| | - Z Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, USA.
| | - B Gust
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - S G Van Lanen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, USA.
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Gong R, Yu L, Qin Y, Price NPJ, He X, Deng Z, Chen W. Harnessing synthetic biology-based strategies for engineered biosynthesis of nucleoside natural products in actinobacteria. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 46:107673. [PMID: 33276073 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance poses an increasing threat to global health, and it is urgent to reverse the present trend by accelerating development of new natural product derived drugs. Nucleoside antibiotics, a valuable family of promising natural products with remarkable structural features and diverse biological activities, have played significant roles in healthcare and for plant protection. Understanding the biosynthesis of these intricate molecules has provided a foundation for bioengineering the microbial cell factory towards yield enhancement and structural diversification. In this review, we summarize the recent progresses in employing synthetic biology-based strategies to improve the production of target nucleoside antibiotics. Moreover, we delineate the advances on rationally accessing the chemical diversities of natural nucleoside antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Gong
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Le Yu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yini Qin
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Neil P J Price
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Peoria, IL, USA
| | - Xinyi He
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zixin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Wenqing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-quinolinone derivatives as potential chitin synthase inhibitors and antifungal agents. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 195:112278. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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5
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Li B, Wang K, Zhang R, Li B, Shen Y, Ji Q. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel diazaspiro[4.5]decan-1-one derivatives as potential chitin synthase inhibitors and antifungal agents. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 182:111669. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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6
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Niu G, Li Z, Huang P, Tan H. Engineering nucleoside antibiotics toward the development of novel antimicrobial agents. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2019; 72:906-912. [DOI: 10.1038/s41429-019-0230-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Song S, Chen Z, Wei J, Lei Y, Deng C, Tan H, Li X. Determination of polyoxin B in cucumber and soil using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry coupled with a modified QuEChERS method. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2019. [DOI: 10.1556/1326.2018.00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiming Song
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Guangxi Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Zhaojie Chen
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Guangxi Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Jie Wei
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Guangxi Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Yuhao Lei
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Guangxi Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Cheng Deng
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Guangxi Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Huihua Tan
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Guangxi Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Xuesheng Li
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Guangxi Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
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An ATP-Dependent Ligase with Substrate Flexibility Involved in Assembly of the Peptidyl Nucleoside Antibiotic Polyoxin. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018; 84:AEM.00501-18. [PMID: 29703734 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00501-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyoxin (POL) is an unusual peptidyl nucleoside antibiotic, in which the peptidyl moiety and nucleoside skeleton are linked by an amide bond. However, their biosynthesis remains poorly understood. Here, we report the deciphering of PolG as an ATP-dependent ligase responsible for the assembly of POL. A polG mutant is capable of accumulating multiple intermediates, including the peptidyl moiety (carbamoylpolyoxamic acid [CPOAA]) and the nucleoside skeletons (POL-C and the previously overlooked thymine POL-C). We further demonstrate that PolG employs an ATP-dependent mechanism for amide bond formation and that the generation of the hybrid nucleoside antibiotic POL-N is also governed by PolG. Finally, we determined that the deduced ATP-binding sites are functionally essential for PolG and that they are highly conserved in a number of related ATP-dependent ligases. These insights have allowed us to propose a catalytic mechanism for the assembly of peptidyl nucleoside antibiotic via an acyl-phosphate intermediate and have opened the way for the combinatorial biosynthesis/pathway engineering of this group of nucleoside antibiotics.IMPORTANCE POL is well known for its remarkable antifungal bioactivities and unusual structural features. Actually, elucidation of the POL assembly logic not only provides the enzymatic basis for further biosynthetic understanding of related peptidyl nucleoside antibiotics but also contributes to the rational generation of more hybrid nucleoside antibiotics via synthetic biology strategy.
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Reconstruction of a hybrid nucleoside antibiotic gene cluster based on scarless modification of large DNA fragments. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2017; 60:968-979. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-017-9119-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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10
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Niu G, Zheng J, Tan H. Biosynthesis and combinatorial biosynthesis of antifungal nucleoside antibiotics. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2017; 60:939-947. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-017-9116-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Li Y, Tan H. Biosynthesis and molecular regulation of secondary metabolites in microorganisms. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2017; 60:935-938. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-017-9115-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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12
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McCarthy MW, Walsh TJ. Drugs currently under investigation for the treatment of invasive candidiasis. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2017; 26:825-831. [PMID: 28617137 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2017.1341488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The widespread implementation of immunosuppressants, immunomodulators, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and solid organ transplantation in clinical practice has led to an expanding population of patients who are at risk for invasive candidiasis, which is the most common form of fungal disease among hospitalized patients in the developed world. The emergence of drug-resistant Candida spp. has added to the morbidity associated with invasive candidiasis and novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Areas covered: In this paper, we explore investigational agents for the treatment of invasive candidiasis, with particular attention paid to compounds that have recently entered phase I or phase II clinical trials. Expert opinion: The antifungal drug development pipeline has been severely limited due to regulatory hurdles and a systemic lack of investment in novel compounds. However, several promising drug development strategies have recently emerged, including chemical screens involving Pathogen Box compounds, combination antifungal therapy, and repurposing of existing agents that were initially developed to treat other conditions, all of which have the potential to redefine the treatment of invasive candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W McCarthy
- a Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center , Division of General Internal Medicine , New York , NY , USA
| | - Thomas J Walsh
- b Transplantation-Oncology Infectious Diseases Program, Medical Mycology Research Laboratory, Medicine, Pediatrics, and Microbiology & Immunology Weill Cornell Medical Center , Henry Schueler Foundation Scholar, Sharpe Family Foundation Scholar in Pediatric Infectious Diseases , New York , NY , USA
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Enabling techniques in the search for new antibiotics: Combinatorial biosynthesis of sugar-containing antibiotics. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 134:56-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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14
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Nature's combinatorial biosynthesis and recently engineered production of nucleoside antibiotics in Streptomyces. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 33:66. [PMID: 28260195 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-017-2233-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Modified nucleosides produced by Streptomyces and related actinomycetes are widely used in agriculture and medicine as antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer and antiviral agents. These specialized small-molecule metabolites are biosynthesized by complex enzymatic machineries encoded within gene clusters in the genome. The past decade has witnessed a burst of reports defining the key metabolic processes involved in the biosynthesis of several distinct families of nucleoside antibiotics. Furthermore, genome sequencing of various Streptomyces species has dramatically increased over recent years. Potential biosynthetic gene clusters for novel nucleoside antibiotics are now apparent by analysis of these genomes. Here we revisit strategies for production improvement of nucleoside antibiotics that have defined mechanisms of action, and are in clinical or agricultural use. We summarize the progress for genetically manipulating biosynthetic pathways for structural diversification of nucleoside antibiotics. Microorganism-based biosynthetic examples are provided and organized under genetic principles and metabolic engineering guidelines. We show perspectives on the future of combinatorial biosynthesis, and present a working model for discovery of novel nucleoside natural products in Streptomyces.
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15
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Lopes G, Pinto E, Salgueiro L. Natural Products: An Alternative to Conventional Therapy for Dermatophytosis? Mycopathologia 2016; 182:143-167. [PMID: 27771883 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-016-0081-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The increased incidence of fungal infections, associated with the widespread use of antifungal drugs, has resulted in the development of resistance, making it necessary to discover new therapeutic alternatives. Among fungal infections, dermatophytoses constitute a serious public health problem, affecting 20-25 % of the world population. Medicinal plants represent an endless source of bioactive molecules, and their volatile and non-volatile extracts are clearly recognized for being the historical basis of therapeutic health care. Because of this, the research on natural products with antifungal activity against dermatophytes has considerably increased in recent years. However, despite the recognized anti-dermatophytic potential of natural products, often advantageous face to commercial drugs, there is still a long way to go until their use in therapeutics. This review attempts to summarize the current status of anti-dermatophytic natural products, focusing on their mechanism of action, the developed pharmaceutical formulations and their effectiveness in human and animal models of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graciliana Lopes
- CIIMAR/CIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eugénia Pinto
- CIIMAR/CIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal. .,Microbiology Service, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Lígia Salgueiro
- CNC.IBILI/Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-354, Coimbra, Portugal
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Serpi M, Ferrari V, Pertusati F. Nucleoside Derived Antibiotics to Fight Microbial Drug Resistance: New Utilities for an Established Class of Drugs? J Med Chem 2016; 59:10343-10382. [PMID: 27607900 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Novel antibiotics are urgently needed to combat the rise of infections due to drug-resistant microorganisms. Numerous natural nucleosides and their synthetically modified analogues have been reported to have moderate to good antibiotic activity against different bacterial and fungal strains. Nucleoside-based compounds target several crucial processes of bacterial and fungal cells such as nucleoside metabolism and cell wall, nucleic acid, and protein biosynthesis. Nucleoside analogues have also been shown to target many other bacterial and fungal cellular processes although these are not well characterized and may therefore represent opportunities to discover new drugs with unique mechanisms of action. In this Perspective, we demonstrate that nucleoside analogues, cornerstones of anticancer and antiviral treatments, also have great potential to be repurposed as antibiotics so that an old drug can learn new tricks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Serpi
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University , Redwood Building, King Edward VII Avenue, CF10 3NB Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Ferrari
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University , Redwood Building, King Edward VII Avenue, CF10 3NB Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Fabrizio Pertusati
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University , Redwood Building, King Edward VII Avenue, CF10 3NB Cardiff, United Kingdom
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17
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Natural and engineered biosynthesis of nucleoside antibiotics in Actinomycetes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 43:401-17. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-015-1636-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Nucleoside antibiotics constitute an important family of microbial natural products bearing diverse bioactivities and unusual structural features. Their biosynthetic logics are unique with involvement of complex multi-enzymatic reactions leading to the intricate molecules from simple building blocks. Understanding how nature builds this family of antibiotics in post-genomic era sets the stage for rational enhancement of their production, and also paves the way for targeted persuasion of the cell factories to make artificial designer nucleoside drugs and leads via synthetic biology approaches. In this review, we discuss the recent progress and perspectives on the natural and engineered biosynthesis of nucleoside antibiotics.
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Recent advances in the understanding of the Aspergillus fumigatus cell wall. J Microbiol 2016; 54:232-42. [PMID: 26920883 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-016-6045-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Over the past several decades, research on the synthesis and organization of the cell wall polysaccharides of Aspergillus fumigatus has expanded our knowledge of this important fungal structure. Besides protecting the fungus from environmental stresses and maintaining structural integrity of the organism, the cell wall is also the primary site for interaction with host tissues during infection. Cell wall polysaccharides are important ligands for the recognition of fungi by the innate immune system and they can mediate potent immunomodulatory effects. The synthesis of cell wall polysaccharides is a complicated process that requires coordinated regulation of many biosynthetic and metabolic pathways. Continuous synthesis and remodeling of the polysaccharides of the cell wall is essential for the survival of the fungus during development, reproduction, colonization and invasion. As these polysaccharides are absent from the human host, these biosynthetic pathways are attractive targets for antifungal development. In this review, we present recent advances in our understanding of Aspergillus fumigatus cell wall polysaccharides, including the emerging role of cell wall polysaccharides in the host-pathogen interaction.
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Qi J, Liu J, Wan D, Cai YS, Wang Y, Li S, Wu P, Feng X, Qiu G, Yang SP, Chen W, Deng Z. Metabolic engineering of an industrial polyoxin producer for the targeted overproduction of designer nucleoside antibiotics. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 112:1865-71. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhao Qi
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Jin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Dan Wan
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - You-sheng Cai
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Yinghu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Shunying Li
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Pan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Xuan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Guofu Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Sheng-ping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Wenqing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430071 China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Zixin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430071 China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai 200030 China
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Tan GY, Peng Y, Lu C, Bai L, Zhong JJ. Engineering validamycin production by tandem deletion of γ-butyrolactone receptor genes in Streptomyces hygroscopicus 5008. Metab Eng 2015; 28:74-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Niu G, Tan H. Nucleoside antibiotics: biosynthesis, regulation, and biotechnology. Trends Microbiol 2015; 23:110-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2014.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Characterization of biosynthetic genes of ascamycin/dealanylascamycin featuring a 5'-O-sulfonamide moiety in Streptomyces sp. JCM9888. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114722. [PMID: 25479601 PMCID: PMC4257720 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ascamycin (ACM) and dealanylascamycin (DACM) are nucleoside antibiotics elaborated by Streptomyces sp. JCM9888. The later shows broad spectrum inhibition activity to various gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, eukaryotic Trypanosoma and is also toxic to mice, while ascamycin is active against very limited microorganisms, such as Xanthomonas. Both compounds share an unusual 5′-O-sulfonamide moiety which is attached to an adenosine nucleoside. In this paper, we first report on the 30 kb gene cluster (23 genes, acmA to acmW) involved in the biosynthesis of these two antibiotics and a biosynthetic assembly line was proposed. Of them, six genes (AcmABGKIW) are hypothetical genes involved in 5′-O-sulfonamide formation. Two flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent chlorinase genes acmX and acmY were characterized which are significantly remote from acmA-W and postulated to be required for adenine C2-halogenation. Notably gene disruption of acmE resulted in a mutant which could only produce dealanylascamycin but was blocked in its ability to biosynthesize ascamycin, revealing its key role of conversion of dealanylascamycin to ascamycin.
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Novel 3-arylfuran-2(5H)-one-fluoroquinolone hybrid: design, synthesis and evaluation as antibacterial agent. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:3620-8. [PMID: 24882676 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Revised: 05/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
3-Arylfuran-2(5H)-one, a novel antibacterial pharmacophore targeting tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (TyrRS), was hybridized with the clinically used fluoroquinolones to give a series of novel multi-target antimicrobial agents. Thus, twenty seven 3-arylfuran-2(5H)-one-fluoroquinolone hybrids were synthesized and evaluated for their antimicrobial activities. Some of the hybrids exhibited merits from both parents, displaying a broad spectrum of activity against resistant strains including both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The most potent compound (11) in antibacterial assay shows MIC50 of 0.11μg/mL against Multiple drug resistant Escherichia coli, being about 51-fold more potent than ciprofloxacin. The enzyme assays reveal that 11 is a potent multi-target inhibitor with IC50 of 1.15±0.07μM against DNA gyrase and 0.12±0.04μM against TyrRS, respectively. Its excellent inhibitory activities against isolated enzymes and intact cells strongly suggest that 11 deserves to further research as a novel antibiotic.
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Niu G, Tan H. Biosynthesis and regulation of secondary metabolites in microorganisms. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2013; 56:581-3. [PMID: 23832246 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-013-4501-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Niu G, Li L, Wei J, Tan H. Cloning, Heterologous Expression, and Characterization of the Gene Cluster Required for Gougerotin Biosynthesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 20:34-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2012.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Revised: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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26
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Li J, Li L, Feng C, Chen Y, Tan H. Novel polyoxins generated by heterologously expressing polyoxin biosynthetic gene cluster in the sanN inactivated mutant of Streptomyces ansochromogenes. Microb Cell Fact 2012; 11:135. [PMID: 23043373 PMCID: PMC3520715 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-11-135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 09/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Polyoxins are potent inhibitors of chitin synthetases in fungi and insects. The gene cluster responsible for biosynthesis of polyoxins has been cloned and sequenced from Streptomyces cacaoi and tens of polyoxin analogs have been identified already. Results The polyoxin biosynthetic gene cluster from Streptomyces cacaoi was heterologously expressed in the sanN inactivated mutant of Streptomyces ansochromogenes as a nikkomycin producer. Besides hybrid antibiotics (polynik A and polyoxin N) and some known polyoxins, two novel polyoxin analogs were accumulated. One of them is polyoxin P that has 5-aminohexuronic acid with N-glycosidically bound thymine as the nucleoside moiety and dehydroxyl-carbamoylpolyoxic acid as the peptidyl moiety. The other analog is polyoxin O that contains 5-aminohexuronic acid bound thymine as the nucleoside moiety, but recruits polyoximic acid as the sole peptidyl moiety. Bioassay against phytopathogenic fungi showed that polyoxin P displayed comparatively strong inhibitory activity, whereas the inhibitory activity of polyoxin O was weak under the same testing conditions. Conclusion Two novel polyoxin analogs (polyoxin P and O) were generated by the heterologous expression of polyoxin biosynthetic gene cluster in the sanN inactivated mutant of Streptomyces ansochromogenes. Polyoxin P showed potent antifungal activity,while the activity of polyoxin O was weak. The strategy presented here may be available for other antibiotics producers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jine Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Zhai L, Lin S, Qu D, Hong X, Bai L, Chen W, Deng Z. Engineering of an industrial polyoxin producer for the rational production of hybrid peptidyl nucleoside antibiotics. Metab Eng 2012; 14:388-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2012.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Revised: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Zhao J, Guo L, Zeng H, Yang X, Yuan J, Shi H, Xiong Y, Chen M, Han L, Qiu D. Purification and characterization of a novel antimicrobial peptide from Brevibacillus laterosporus strain A60. Peptides 2012; 33:206-11. [PMID: 22244810 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2012.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2011] [Revised: 01/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel antimicrobial peptide, with molecular mass of 1602.0469Da, produced by Brevibacillus laterosporus strain A60 was isolated and purified from the soil of mango plants. The purification procedure consisted of ammonium sulfate precipitation, cation exchange chromatography on an HiTrap SP HP column, thin layer chromatography and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) on C18 reversed-phase column. After the four isolation procedures, one peptide with antimicrobial activity was obtained and named BL-A60. The determination of the complete amino acid sequences of this peptide showed that it contains eleven amino acid residues, L-Y-K-L-V-K-V-V-L-N-M, and a choline connected to the N-terminal and a tenuazonic acid modified of the C-terminal. This peptide shows relatively low identification to other antimicrobial peptides from bacteria. Purified BL-A60 showed high pH and thermal stability and a strong inhibition of different stages of the life cycle of Phytophthora capsici, including mycelial growth, sporangia formation and cystospore germination, with EC(50) values of 7.89, 0.60 and 21.96 μg ml(-1), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China
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29
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Winter JM, Tang Y. Synthetic biological approaches to natural product biosynthesis. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2012; 23:736-43. [PMID: 22221832 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2011.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2011] [Revised: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Small molecules produced in Nature possess exquisite chemical diversity and continue to be an inspiration for the development of new therapeutic agents. In their host organisms, natural products are assembled and modified using dedicated biosynthetic pathways. By rationally reprogramming and manipulating these pathways, unnatural metabolites containing enhanced structural features that were otherwise inaccessible can be obtained. Additionally, new chemical entities can be synthesized by developing the enzymes that carry out these complicated chemical reactions into biocatalysts. In this review, we will discuss a variety of combinatorial biosynthetic strategies, their technical challenges, and highlight some recent (since 2007) examples of rationally designed metabolites, as well as platforms that have been established for the production and modification of clinically important pharmaceutical compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn M Winter
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
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30
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Santos-Aberturas J, Payero TD, Vicente CM, Guerra SM, Cañibano C, Martín JF, Aparicio JF. Functional conservation of PAS-LuxR transcriptional regulators in polyene macrolide biosynthesis. Metab Eng 2011; 13:756-67. [PMID: 22001323 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2011.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2011] [Revised: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Control of polyene macrolide production in Streptomyces natalensis is mediated by the PAS-LuxR transcriptional activator PimM. Expression of target genes in this strain is positively regulated by binding of the regulator to 14-nucleotide sites showing dyad symmetry, and overlapping the -35 element of each promoter. These sequences have been found in the upstream regions of genes belonging to different polyene biosynthetic gene clusters. All the sequences in the amphotericin, nystatin, and filipin clusters were cloned and the binding of PimM to all of them has been shown by electrophoretic mobility shift assays. The precise binding regions were investigated by DNaseI protection studies. Results indicated that PAS-luxR regulators share the same regulatory pattern in different polyene-producing strains, these genes being responsible for polyketide chain construction, and when available, the genes for sugar dehydration and attachment, and the ABC transporters, the targets for regulation. Information content analysis of the 24 sequences protected in target promoters was used to refine the information-based model of the binding site. This site now spans 16 nucleotides and adjusts to the consensus CTVGGGAWWTCCCBAG. Gene complementation of S. natalensis ΔpimM with a single copy of heterologous regulators of the PAS/LuxR class integrated into the chromosome, such as amphRIV, nysRIV, or pteF, restored antifungal production, thus proving the functional conservation of these regulators. Introduction of a single copy of pimM into the amphotericin producing strain Streptomyces nodosus, or into the filipin producing strain S. avermitilis, boosted the production of both polyenes, thus indicating that the expression of the PAS-LuxR regulator constitutes a bottleneck in the biosynthesis of the antifungal, and also that these regulators are fully exchangeable. This work is the first report of a general mechanism regulating polyene production.
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Kang Q, Bai L, Deng Z. Toward steadfast growth of antibiotic research in China: from natural products to engineered biosynthesis. Biotechnol Adv 2011; 30:1228-41. [PMID: 21930196 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Revised: 09/04/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotics are widely used for clinical treatment and preventing or curing diseases in agriculture. Cloning and studies of their biosynthetic gene clusters are vital for yield enhancement and engineering new derivatives with new and prominent activities. In recent years, research in this aspect is impressively active in China. This article reviews biosynthetic progress on 28 antibiotics, including polyketides, nonribosomal peptides, hybrid polyketide-nonribosomal peptides, peptidyl nucleoside, nucleoside, and others. Their biosynthetic mechanisms were disclosed, and their derivatives with new structures/activities were obtained by gene inactivation, mutasynthesis and combinatorial biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianjin Kang
- State key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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