1
|
Qi W, Bai J, Wang R, Zeng X, Zhang L. SATB1, senescence and senescence-related diseases. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31327. [PMID: 38801120 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Aging leads to an accumulation of cellular mutations and damage, increasing the risk of senescence, apoptosis, and malignant transformation. Cellular senescence, which is pivotal in aging, acts as both a guard against cellular transformation and as a check against cancer progression. It is marked by stable cell cycle arrest, widespread macromolecular changes, a pro-inflammatory profile, and altered gene expression. However, it remains to be determined whether these differing subsets of senescent cells result from unique intrinsic programs or are influenced by their environmental contexts. Multiple transcription regulators and chromatin modifiers contribute to these alterations. Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 1 (SATB1) stands out as a crucial regulator in this process, orchestrating gene expression by structuring chromatin into loop domains and anchoring DNA elements. This review provides an overview of cellular senescence and delves into the role of SATB1 in senescence-related diseases. It highlights SATB1's potential in developing antiaging and anticancer strategies, potentially contributing to improved quality of life and addressing aging-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Qi
- Department of Bioscience, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jinping Bai
- Department of Bioscience, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ruoxi Wang
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xianlu Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lihui Zhang
- Department of Bioscience, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Borando F, Tiana G. Effective model of protein-mediated interactions in chromatin. Phys Rev E 2024; 109:064406. [PMID: 39021027 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.109.064406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Protein-mediated interactions are ubiquitous in the cellular environment, and particularly in the nucleus, where they are responsible for the structuring of chromatin. We show through molecular-dynamics simulations of a polymer surrounded by binders that the strength of the binder-polymer interaction separates an equilibrium from a nonequilibrium regime. In the equilibrium regime, the system can be efficiently described by an effective model in which the binders are traced out. Even in this case, the polymers display features that are different from those of a standard homopolymer interacting with two-body interactions. We then extend the effective model to deal with the case where binders cannot be regarded as in equilibrium and a new phenomenology appears, including local blobs in the polymer. An effective description of this system can be useful in elucidating the fundamental mechanisms that govern chromatin structuring in particular and indirect interactions in general.
Collapse
|
3
|
Xu L, Zheng S, Witzel K, Van De Slijke E, Baekelandt A, Mylle E, Van Damme D, Cheng J, De Jaeger G, Inzé D, Jiang H. Chromatin attachment to the nuclear matrix represses hypocotyl elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1286. [PMID: 38346986 PMCID: PMC10861482 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45577-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The nuclear matrix is a nuclear compartment that has diverse functions in chromatin regulation and transcription. However, how this structure influences epigenetic modifications and gene expression in plants is largely unknown. In this study, we show that a nuclear matrix binding protein, AHL22, together with the two transcriptional repressors FRS7 and FRS12, regulates hypocotyl elongation by suppressing the expression of a group of genes known as SMALL AUXIN UP RNAs (SAURs) in Arabidopsis thaliana. The transcriptional repression of SAURs depends on their attachment to the nuclear matrix. The AHL22 complex not only brings these SAURs, which contain matrix attachment regions (MARs), to the nuclear matrix, but it also recruits the histone deacetylase HDA15 to the SAUR loci. This leads to the removal of H3 acetylation at the SAUR loci and the suppression of hypocotyl elongation. Taken together, our results indicate that MAR-binding proteins act as a hub for chromatin and epigenetic regulators. Moreover, we present a mechanism by which nuclear matrix attachment to chromatin regulates histone modifications, transcription, and hypocotyl elongation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linhao Xu
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, 06466, Germany
| | - Shiwei Zheng
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, 06466, Germany
| | - Katja Witzel
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Großbeeren, 14979, Germany
| | - Eveline Van De Slijke
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
| | - Alexandra Baekelandt
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
| | - Evelien Mylle
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
| | - Daniel Van Damme
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
| | - Jinping Cheng
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, 06466, Germany
| | - Geert De Jaeger
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
| | - Dirk Inzé
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
| | - Hua Jiang
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, 06466, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu L, Bai J, Hu L, Jiang D. Hypoxia-mediated activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in triple-negative breast cancer: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35493. [PMID: 37904441 PMCID: PMC10615493 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer (BC) that is highly aggressive and hypoxic compared with other subtypes. The role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) as a key hypoxic transcription factor in oncogenic processes has been extensively studied. Recently, it has been shown that HIF-1α regulates the complex biological processes of TNBC, such as glycolysis, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis, BC stem cells enrichment, and immune escape, to promote TNBC survival and development through the activation of downstream target genes. This article discusses the expression of the HIF-1α transcription factor in TNBC and the Hypoxia-mediated activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in triple-negative BC. It offers a fresh approach to clinical research and treatment for TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Liu
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Jie Bai
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Lanxin Hu
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Daqing Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Thomas M, Bruzeau C, Martin OA, Pollet J, Bender S, Carrion C, Le Noir S, Pinaud E. A dual function for the chromatin organizer Special A-T rich Binding Protein 1 in B-lineage cells. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:1114-1126. [PMID: 37544964 PMCID: PMC10541883 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01069-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
SATB1 (Special A-T rich Binding protein 1) is a cell type-specific factor that regulates the genetic network in developing T cells and neurons. In T cells, SATB1 is required for lineage commitment, VDJ recombination, development and maturation. Considering that its expression varies during B-cell differentiation, the involvement of SATB1 needs to be clarified in this lineage. Using a KO mouse model in which SATB1 was deleted from the pro-B-cell stage, we examined the consequences of SATB1 deletion in naive and activated B-cell subsets. Our model indicates first, unlike its essential function in T cells, that SATB1 is dispensable for B-cell development and the establishment of a broad IgH repertoire. Second, we show that SATB1 exhibits an ambivalent function in mature B cells, acting sequentially as a positive and negative regulator of Ig gene transcription in naive and activated cells, respectively. Third, our study indicates that the negative regulatory function of SATB1 in B cells extends to the germinal center response, in which this factor limits somatic hypermutation of Ig genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Thomas
- Laboratoire Contrôle de la Réponse Immune B et des Lymphoproliférations (CRIBL), Université de Limoges, CNRS Unité Mixte de Recherche 7276, Inserm Unité 1262, Limoges, France
- Laboratoire Suivi des Thérapies Innovantes, Institut de Génétique Humaine, UMR 9002 CNRS-UM, Montpellier, France
| | - Charlotte Bruzeau
- Laboratoire Contrôle de la Réponse Immune B et des Lymphoproliférations (CRIBL), Université de Limoges, CNRS Unité Mixte de Recherche 7276, Inserm Unité 1262, Limoges, France
| | - Ophélie Alyssa Martin
- Laboratoire Contrôle de la Réponse Immune B et des Lymphoproliférations (CRIBL), Université de Limoges, CNRS Unité Mixte de Recherche 7276, Inserm Unité 1262, Limoges, France
| | - Justine Pollet
- Laboratoire Contrôle de la Réponse Immune B et des Lymphoproliférations (CRIBL), Université de Limoges, CNRS Unité Mixte de Recherche 7276, Inserm Unité 1262, Limoges, France
| | - Sébastien Bender
- Laboratoire Contrôle de la Réponse Immune B et des Lymphoproliférations (CRIBL), Université de Limoges, CNRS Unité Mixte de Recherche 7276, Inserm Unité 1262, Limoges, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dupuytren, Service d'Immunopathologie, Limoges, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Limoges, Centre National de l'Amylose AL et Autres Maladies par Dépôt d'Immunoglobulines Monoclonales, Limoges, France
| | - Claire Carrion
- Laboratoire Contrôle de la Réponse Immune B et des Lymphoproliférations (CRIBL), Université de Limoges, CNRS Unité Mixte de Recherche 7276, Inserm Unité 1262, Limoges, France
| | - Sandrine Le Noir
- Laboratoire Contrôle de la Réponse Immune B et des Lymphoproliférations (CRIBL), Université de Limoges, CNRS Unité Mixte de Recherche 7276, Inserm Unité 1262, Limoges, France.
| | - Eric Pinaud
- Laboratoire Contrôle de la Réponse Immune B et des Lymphoproliférations (CRIBL), Université de Limoges, CNRS Unité Mixte de Recherche 7276, Inserm Unité 1262, Limoges, France.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Luo G, Zhang L, Wu W, Zhang L, Lin J, Shi H, Wu X, Yu Y, Qiu W, Chen J, Ding H, Chen X. Upregulation of ubiquitin carboxy‑terminal hydrolase 47 (USP47) in papillary thyroid carcinoma ex vivo and reduction of tumor cell malignant behaviors after USP47 knockdown by stabilizing SATB1 expression in vitro. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:370. [PMID: 37564825 PMCID: PMC10410197 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant ubiquitination contributes to cancer development, including thyroid carcinoma. The present study assessed the expression of ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase 47 (USP47) and underlying molecular events in the development of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The effects of USP47 on PTC cell invasion and migration were analyzed by Transwell assays, while. the effects of USP47 and SATB1on PTC cell gene expression and changes in tumor cell metabolism were assayed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, western bolt, or ELISA, respectively. The expression of USP47 mRNA and protein was upregulated in PTC tissue and associated with the PTC tumor size. Knockdown of USP47 expression in PTC cell lines (TPC-1 and K1), decreased the cell proliferation mobility and invasion capacities, whereas USP47 overexpression in these cell lines showed an inverse effect and promoted cell glycolysis and glutamine metabolism. Moreover, expression of special AT-rich sequence-binding protein-1 (SATB1) was high in PTC tissue and was associated with USP47 expression. SATB1 expression promoted tumor cell glycolysis and glutamine metabolism, while USP47 protein bound to and deubiquitinated SATB1 to increase its intracellular levels, thus promoting glycolysis and glutamine metabolism. USP47 promotion of PTC development may be due to its stabilization of SATB1 protein, suggesting that targeting the USP47/SATB1 signaling axis may serve as a therapeutic intervention for PTC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guirong Luo
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Clinical School of Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Liting Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Number 910 Hospital, The Joint Logistics Support Force, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Wenyi Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Clinical School of Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Lihong Zhang
- Jinshang Town Health Center, Shishi, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Jianqing Lin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Clinical School of Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Haihong Shi
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Clinical School of Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Xinquan Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Clinical School of Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Yihuang Yu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Clinical School of Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Weigang Qiu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Clinical School of Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Jinyan Chen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Clinical School of Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Hansen Ding
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Clinical School of Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Xinyao Chen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Clinical School of Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Baguma-Nibasheka M, Kablar B. Mechanics of Lung Development. ADVANCES IN ANATOMY, EMBRYOLOGY, AND CELL BIOLOGY 2023; 236:131-150. [PMID: 37955774 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-38215-4_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
We summarize how skeletal muscle and lung developmental biology fields have been bridged to benefit from mouse genetic engineering technologies and to explore the role of fetal breathing-like movements (FBMs) in lung development, by using skeletal muscle-specific mutant mice. It has been known for a long time that FBMs are essential for the lung to develop properly. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms transducing the mechanical forces of muscular activity into specific genetic programs that propel lung morphogenesis (development of the shape, form and size of the lung, its airways, and gas exchange surface) as well as its differentiation (acquisition of specialized cell structural and functional features from their progenitor cells) are only starting to be revealed. This chapter is a brief synopsis of the cumulative findings from that ongoing quest. An update on and the rationale for our recent International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC) search is also provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Baguma-Nibasheka
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
| | - Boris Kablar
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Anatomy and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu Q, Guan C, Liu C, Li H, Wu J, Sun C. Targeting hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha: A new strategy for triple-negative breast cancer therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113861. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
|
9
|
Ectopic expression of meiotic cohesin generates chromosome instability in cancer cell line. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2204071119. [PMID: 36179046 PMCID: PMC9549395 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2204071119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This work originated from mining of cancer genome data and proceeded to analyze the effects of ectopic expression of meiotic cohesins in mitotic cells in culture. In the process, apart from conclusively answering the question on mechanisms for RAD21L toxicity and its underrepresentation in tumor transcriptomes, we found an association of meiotic cohesin binding with BORIS/CTCFL sites in the normal testis. We also elucidated the patterns and outcomes of meiotic cohesin binding to chromosomes in model cell lines. Furthermore, we uncovered that RAD21L-based meiotic cohesin possesses a self-contained chromosome restructuring activity able to trigger sustainable but imperfect mitotic arrest leading to chromosomal instability. The discovered epigenomic and genetic mechanisms can be relevant to chromosome instability in cancer. Many tumors express meiotic genes that could potentially drive somatic chromosome instability. While germline cohesin subunits SMC1B, STAG3, and REC8 are widely expressed in many cancers, messenger RNA and protein for RAD21L subunit are expressed at very low levels. To elucidate the potential of meiotic cohesins to contribute to genome instability, their expression was investigated in human cell lines, predominately in DLD-1. While the induction of the REC8 complex resulted in a mild mitotic phenotype, the expression of the RAD21L complex produced an arrested but viable cell pool, thus providing a source of DNA damage, mitotic chromosome missegregation, sporadic polyteny, and altered gene expression. We also found that genomic binding profiles of ectopically expressed meiotic cohesin complexes were reminiscent of their corresponding specific binding patterns in testis. Furthermore, meiotic cohesins were found to localize to the same sites as BORIS/CTCFL, rather than CTCF sites normally associated with the somatic cohesin complex. These findings highlight the existence of a germline epigenomic memory that is conserved in cells that normally do not express meiotic genes. Our results reveal a mechanism of action by unduly expressed meiotic cohesins that potentially links them to aneuploidy and chromosomal mutations in affected cells.
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
The regulatory circuits that define developmental decisions of thymocytes are still incompletely resolved. SATB1 protein is predominantly expressed at the CD4+CD8+cell stage exerting its broad transcription regulation potential with both activatory and repressive roles. A series of post-translational modifications and the presence of potential SATB1 protein isoforms indicate the complexity of its regulatory potential. The most apparent mechanism of its involvement in gene expression regulation is via the orchestration of long-range chromatin loops between genes and their regulatory elements. Multiple SATB1 perturbations in mice uncovered a link to autoimmune diseases while clinical investigations on cancer research uncovered that SATB1 has a promoting role in several types of cancer and can be used as a prognostic biomarker. SATB1 is a multivalent tissue-specific factor with a broad and yet undetermined regulatory potential. Future investigations on this protein could further uncover T cell-specific regulatory pathways and link them to (patho)physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Zelenka
- Department of Biology, University of Crete , Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,Gene Regulation & Genomics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology-Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas , Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Charalampos Spilianakis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete , Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,Gene Regulation & Genomics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology-Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas , Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
SATB1 protein is associated with the epithelial‑mesenchymal transition process in non‑small cell lung cancers. Oncol Rep 2021; 45:118. [PMID: 33955522 PMCID: PMC8107643 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed neoplasms and the leading cause of cancer‑related mortality worldwide. Its predominant subtype is non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for over 80% of the cases. Surprisingly, the majority of lung cancer‑related deaths are caused not by a primary tumour itself, but by its metastasis to distant organs. Therefore, it becomes especially important to identify the factors involved in lung cancer metastatic spread. Special AT‑rich binding protein 1 (SATB1) is a nuclear matrix protein that mediates chromatin looping and plays the role of global transcriptional regulator. During the past decade, it has received much attention as a factor promoting tumour invasion. In breast, colorectal and prostate cancers, SATB1 has been shown to influence the epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, which is thought to be crucial for cancer metastasis. The aim of this study was to analyse the possible correlations between the expression of SATB1 and major EMT‑associated proteins in NSCLC clinical samples. Additionally, the impact of EMT induction in NSCLC cell lines on SATB1 mRNA expression was also investigated. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the expression of SATB1, SNAIL, SLUG, Twist1, E‑cadherin, and N‑cadherin in 242 lung cancer clinical samples. EMT was induced by TGF‑β1 treatment in the A549 and NCI‑H1703 lung cancer cell lines. Changes in gene expression profiles were analyzed using real‑time PCR and Droplet Digital PCR. SATB1 expression was positively correlated with the expression of SNAIL (R=0.129; P=0.045), SLUG (R=0.449; P<0.0001), and Twist1 (R=0.264; P<0.0001). Moreover, SATB1 expression significantly increased after in vitro EMT induction in A549 and NCI‑H1703 cell lines. The results obtained may point to the role of SATB1 as one of the regulators of EMT in NSCLC.
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhong G, Lin Y, Wang X, Wang K, Liu J, Wei W. H19 Knockdown Suppresses Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis by Regulating miR-130a-3p/SATB1 in Breast Cancer Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:12501-12513. [PMID: 33324070 PMCID: PMC7733342 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s280142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that lncRNAs play an important role in BC. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), H19/miRNA-130a-3P/special AT-rich sequence-binding protein-1 (SATB1) axis on BC progression. Materials and Methods Expression of lncRNA and RNA was quantified via RT-qPCR. CCK-8, colony formation, wound healing, transwell, and flow cytometric analyses were used to analyze the proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of cells. A dual-luciferase reporter assay and a RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay were used to assess molecular binding. Protein levels were measured by Western blotting. The function of the lncRNA H19 (hereafter referred to as H19) was examined by xenotransplantation. Results We demonstrated that H19 expression was higher in cancer tissues and cancer cell lines than in adjacent non-tumor tissues and normal cell lines, respectively. H19 silencing inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of BC cells, and induced apoptosis. In addition, H19 directly bound to miR-130a-3p and downregulated its expression. We further demonstrated that H19 sponged miRNA-130a-3p, which resulted in SATB1 upregulation, thus promoting BC progression. Silencing of H19 substantially suppressed BC tumorigenesis in vivo. Conclusion Our data uncovered a novel mechanism of BC progression based on the H19-miR-130a-3p-SATB1 axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guobin Zhong
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuansheng Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Keqiong Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianlun Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China.,Department of General Surgery, The Langdong Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Shao LW, Peng Q, Dong M, Gao K, Li Y, Li Y, Li CY, Liu Y. Histone deacetylase HDA-1 modulates mitochondrial stress response and longevity. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4639. [PMID: 32934238 PMCID: PMC7493924 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18501-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to detect, respond and adapt to mitochondrial stress ensures the development and survival of organisms. Caenorhabditis elegans responds to mitochondrial stress by activating the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) to buffer the mitochondrial folding environment, rewire the metabolic state, and promote innate immunity and lifespan extension. Here we show that HDA-1, the C. elegans ortholog of mammalian histone deacetylase (HDAC) is required for mitochondrial stress-mediated activation of UPRmt. HDA-1 interacts and coordinates with the genome organizer DVE-1 to induce the transcription of a broad spectrum of UPRmt, innate immune response and metabolic reprogramming genes. In rhesus monkey and human tissues, HDAC1/2 transcript levels correlate with the expression of UPRmt genes. Knocking down or pharmacological inhibition of HDAC1/2 disrupts the activation of the UPRmt and the mitochondrial network in mammalian cells. Our results underscore an evolutionarily conserved mechanism of HDAC1/2 in modulating mitochondrial homeostasis and regulating longevity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wa Shao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Peng
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Genomic Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyue Dong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Kaiyu Gao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Yumei Li
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Genomic Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Chuan-Yun Li
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Genomic Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
| | - Ying Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tian X, Liu Y, Wang Z, Wu S. lncRNA SNHG8 promotes aggressive behaviors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma via regulating miR-656-3p/SATB1 axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110564. [PMID: 32920509 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has been proposed to regulate tumorigenesis, however, the role of small nucleolar RNA host gene 8 (SNHG8) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains unclear. METHODS Levels of SNHG8 in NPC tissues and cells were analyzed with real-time quantitative PCR method. Cell counting kit-8 assay, colony formation assay, wound-healing assay, and transwell invasion assay were performed to detect cell viability, migration, and invasion. Luciferase activity assay and RIP assay were performed to explore relationships among SNHG8, microRNA-656-3p (miR-656-3p), and special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 1 (SATB1). RESULTS We found SNHG8 level was increased expression in NPC tissues and cells.In vitro assays revealed that SNHG8 stimulates NPC cell proliferation, colony formation, cell migration, and cell invasion. In vivo assay confirmed knockdown of SNHG8 could hamper tumor growth. Furthermore, we showed SNHG8 serves as a sponge for miR-656-3p to regulate SATB1 expression, and participated in NPC progression. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our work indicated the importance of SNHG8 in NPC progression, which provided novel treatment methods for NPC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Tian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Minde Street, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yuehui Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Minde Street, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Minde Street, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Shuhong Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Minde Street, Nanchang 330006, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li Z, Zhao S, Nelakanti RV, Lin K, Wu TP, Alderman MH, Guo C, Wang P, Zhang M, Min W, Jiang Z, Wang Y, Li H, Xiao AZ. N 6-methyladenine in DNA antagonizes SATB1 in early development. Nature 2020; 583:625-630. [PMID: 32669713 PMCID: PMC8596487 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2500-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The recent discovery of N6-mA in mammalian genomes suggests that it may serve as an epigenetic regulatory mechanism1. However, the biological role of N6-mA and molecular pathways exerting its function remain elusive. Herein, we demonstrate that N6-mA plays a critical role in changing the epigenetic landscape during cell fate transitions in early development. We found that N6-mA is upregulated during trophoblast stem cell development, specifically at Stress Induced DNA Double Helix Destabilization (SIDD) regions2-4. It is well-known that SIDD regions are conducive to topological stress-induced double helix unpairing and play critical roles in organizing large-scale chromatin structures3,5,6. We demonstrated that the presence of N6-mA abolishes (>500-fold) the in vitro interactions between SIDD and SATB1, a critical chromatin organizer interacting with SIDD regions; N6-mA deposition also effectively antagonizes SATB1 function in vivo by preventing its binding to chromatin. Concordantly, N6-mA functions at the boundaries between eu-/hetero- chromatin to restrict the spreading of euchromatin. N6-mA mediated repression is critical for gene regulation during trophoblast development in cell culture models and in vivo. Overall, our study discovers an unexpected molecular mechanism for N6-mA function via SATB1, and reveals surprising connections between DNA modification, DNA secondary structures and large chromatin domains in early embryonic development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Department of Genetics and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Shuai Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Raman V Nelakanti
- Department of Genetics and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kaixuan Lin
- Department of Genetics and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Tao P Wu
- Department of Genetics and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Myles H Alderman
- Department of Genetics and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Cheng Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.,Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Min Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wang Min
- Interdepartmental Program in Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Zongliang Jiang
- School of Animal Sciences, AgCenter, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Yinsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Haitao Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Andrew Z Xiao
- Department of Genetics and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Denzer L, Schroten H, Schwerk C. From Gene to Protein-How Bacterial Virulence Factors Manipulate Host Gene Expression During Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103730. [PMID: 32466312 PMCID: PMC7279228 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria evolved many strategies to survive and persist within host cells. Secretion of bacterial effectors enables bacteria not only to enter the host cell but also to manipulate host gene expression to circumvent clearance by the host immune response. Some effectors were also shown to evade the nucleus to manipulate epigenetic processes as well as transcription and mRNA procession and are therefore classified as nucleomodulins. Others were shown to interfere downstream with gene expression at the level of mRNA stability, favoring either mRNA stabilization or mRNA degradation, translation or protein stability, including mechanisms of protein activation and degradation. Finally, manipulation of innate immune signaling and nutrient supply creates a replicative niche that enables bacterial intracellular persistence and survival. In this review, we want to highlight the divergent strategies applied by intracellular bacteria to evade host immune responses through subversion of host gene expression via bacterial effectors. Since these virulence proteins mimic host cell enzymes or own novel enzymatic functions, characterizing their properties could help to understand the complex interactions between host and pathogen during infections. Additionally, these insights could propose potential targets for medical therapy.
Collapse
|
17
|
Bacterial Factors Targeting the Nucleus: The Growing Family of Nucleomodulins. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12040220. [PMID: 32244550 PMCID: PMC7232420 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12040220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic bacteria secrete a variety of proteins that manipulate host cell function by targeting components of the plasma membrane, cytosol, or organelles. In the last decade, several studies identified bacterial factors acting within the nucleus on gene expression or other nuclear processes, which has led to the emergence of a new family of effectors called “nucleomodulins”. In human and animal pathogens, Listeria monocytogenes for Gram-positive bacteria and Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Chlamydia trachomatis, Legionella pneumophila, Shigella flexneri, and Escherichia coli for Gram-negative bacteria, have led to pioneering discoveries. In this review, we present these paradigms and detail various mechanisms and core elements (e.g., DNA, histones, epigenetic regulators, transcription or splicing factors, signaling proteins) targeted by nucleomodulins. We particularly focus on nucleomodulins interacting with epifactors, such as LntA of Listeria and ankyrin repeat- or tandem repeat-containing effectors of Rickettsiales, and nucleomodulins from various bacterial species acting as post-translational modification enzymes. The study of bacterial nucleomodulins not only generates important knowledge about the control of host responses by microbes but also creates new tools to decipher the dynamic regulations that occur in the nucleus. This research also has potential applications in the field of biotechnology. Finally, this raises questions about the epigenetic effects of infectious diseases.
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang Y, Zheng L, Le M, Nakano Y, Chan B, Huang Y, Torbaty PM, Kohwi Y, Marcucio R, Habelitz S, Den Besten PK, Kohwi-Shigematsu T. SATB1 establishes ameloblast cell polarity and regulates directional amelogenin secretion for enamel formation. BMC Biol 2019; 17:104. [PMID: 31830989 PMCID: PMC6909472 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-019-0722-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polarity is necessary for epithelial cells to perform distinct functions at their apical and basal surfaces. Oral epithelial cell-derived ameloblasts at secretory stage (SABs) synthesize large amounts of enamel matrix proteins (EMPs), largely amelogenins. EMPs are unidirectionally secreted into the enamel space through their apical cytoplasmic protrusions, or Tomes' processes (TPs), to guide the enamel formation. Little is known about the transcriptional regulation underlying the establishment of cell polarity and unidirectional secretion of SABs. RESULTS The higher-order chromatin architecture of eukaryotic genome plays important roles in cell- and stage-specific transcriptional programming. A genome organizer, special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 1 (SATB1), was discovered to be significantly upregulated in ameloblasts compared to oral epithelial cells using a whole-transcript microarray analysis. The Satb1-/- mice possessed deformed ameloblasts and a thin layer of hypomineralized and non-prismatic enamel. Remarkably, Satb1-/- ameloblasts at the secretory stage lost many morphological characteristics found at the apical surface of wild-type (wt) SABs, including the loss of Tomes' processes, defective inter-ameloblastic adhesion, and filamentous actin architecture. As expected, the secretory function of Satb1-/- SABs was compromised as amelogenins were largely retained in cells. We found the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 8 (Eps8), a known regulator for actin filament assembly and small intestinal epithelial cytoplasmic protrusion formation, to be SATB1 dependent. In contrast to wt SABs, EPS8 could not be detected at the apical surface of Satb1-/- SABs. Eps8 expression was greatly reduced in small intestinal epithelial cells in Satb1-/- mice as well, displaying defective intestinal microvilli. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that SATB1 is essential for establishing secretory ameloblast cell polarity and for EMP secretion. In line with the deformed apical architecture, amelogenin transport to the apical secretory front and secretion into enamel space were impeded in Satb1-/- SABs resulting in a massive cytoplasmic accumulation of amelogenins and a thin layer of hypomineralized enamel. Our studies strongly suggest that SATB1-dependent Eps8 expression plays a critical role in cytoplasmic protrusion formation in both SABs and in small intestines. This study demonstrates the role of SATB1 in the regulation of amelogenesis and the potential application of SATB1 in ameloblast/enamel regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
| | - Liwei Zheng
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Michael Le
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Yukiko Nakano
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Barry Chan
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Yulei Huang
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | | | - Yoshinori Kohwi
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Ralph Marcucio
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Stefan Habelitz
- Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Pamela K Den Besten
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Schwickert TA, Tagoh H, Schindler K, Fischer M, Jaritz M, Busslinger M. Ikaros prevents autoimmunity by controlling anergy and Toll-like receptor signaling in B cells. Nat Immunol 2019; 20:1517-1529. [PMID: 31591571 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-019-0490-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The establishment of a diverse B cell antigen receptor (BCR) repertoire by V(D)J recombination also generates autoreactive B cells. Anergy is one tolerance mechanism; it renders autoreactive B cells insensitive to stimulation by self-antigen, whereas Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling can reactivate anergic B cells. Here, we describe a critical role of the transcription factor Ikaros in controlling BCR anergy and TLR signaling. Mice with specific deletion of Ikaros in mature B cells developed systemic autoimmunity. Ikaros regulated many anergy-associated genes, including Zfp318, which is implicated in the attenuation of BCR responsiveness by promoting immunoglobulin D expression in anergic B cells. TLR signaling was hyperactive in Ikaros-deficient B cells, which failed to upregulate feedback inhibitors of the MyD88-nuclear factor κB signaling pathway. Systemic inflammation was lost on expression of a non-self-reactive BCR or loss of MyD88 in Ikaros-deficient B cells. Thus, Ikaros acts as a guardian preventing autoimmunity by promoting BCR anergy and restraining TLR signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja A Schwickert
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Hiromi Tagoh
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Karina Schindler
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Fischer
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Jaritz
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Meinrad Busslinger
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Durai V, Bagadia P, Granja JM, Satpathy AT, Kulkarni DH, Davidson JT, Wu R, Patel SJ, Iwata A, Liu TT, Huang X, Briseño CG, Grajales-Reyes GE, Wöhner M, Tagoh H, Kee BL, Newberry RD, Busslinger M, Chang HY, Murphy TL, Murphy KM. Cryptic activation of an Irf8 enhancer governs cDC1 fate specification. Nat Immunol 2019; 20:1161-1173. [PMID: 31406378 PMCID: PMC6707878 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-019-0450-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Induction of the transcription factor Irf8 in the common dendritic cell progenitor (CDP) is required for classical type 1 dendritic cell (cDC1) fate specification, but the mechanisms controlling this induction are unclear. In the present study Irf8 enhancers were identified via chromatin profiling of dendritic cells and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing was used to assess their roles in Irf8 regulation. An enhancer 32 kilobases (kb) downstream of the Irf8 transcriptional start site (+32-kb Irf8) that was active in mature cDC1s was required for the development of this lineage, but not for its specification. Instead, a +41-kb Irf8 enhancer, previously thought to be active only in plasmacytoid dendritic cells, was found to also be transiently accessible in cDC1 progenitors, and deleting this enhancer prevented the induction of Irf8 in CDPs and abolished cDC1 specification. Thus, cryptic activation of the +41-kb Irf8 enhancer in dendritic cell progenitors is responsible for cDC1 fate specification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Durai
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Prachi Bagadia
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Granja
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Deparment of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Biophysics Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ansuman T Satpathy
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Devesha H Kulkarni
- Division of Gastroenterology, John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jesse T Davidson
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Renee Wu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Swapneel J Patel
- Division of Rheumatology, John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Arifumi Iwata
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tian-Tian Liu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xiao Huang
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Carlos G Briseño
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Gary E Grajales-Reyes
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Miriam Wöhner
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Campus-Vienna-Biocenter 1, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hiromi Tagoh
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Campus-Vienna-Biocenter 1, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara L Kee
- Department of Pathology and Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rodney D Newberry
- Division of Gastroenterology, John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Meinrad Busslinger
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Campus-Vienna-Biocenter 1, Vienna, Austria
| | - Howard Y Chang
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Theresa L Murphy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kenneth M Murphy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Glatzel-Plucińska N, Piotrowska A, Dzięgiel P, Podhorska-Okołów M. The Role of SATB1 in Tumour Progression and Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4156. [PMID: 31450715 PMCID: PMC6747166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Carcinogenesis is a long-drawn, multistep process, in which metastatic spread is an unequivocal hallmark of a poor prognosis. The progression and dissemination of epithelial cancers is commonly thought to rely on the epidermal-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. During EMT, epithelial cells lose their junctions and apical-basal polarity, and they acquire a mesenchymal phenotype with its migratory and invasive capabilities. One of the proteins involved in cancer progression and EMT may be SATB1 (Special AT-Rich Binding Protein 1)-a chromatin organiser and a global transcriptional regulator. SATB1 organizes chromatin into spatial loops, providing a "docking site" necessary for the binding of further transcription factors and chromatin modifying enzymes. SATB1 has the ability to regulate whole sets of genes, even those located on distant chromosomes. SATB1 was found to be overexpressed in numerous malignancies, including lymphomas, breast, colorectal, prostate, liver, bladder and ovarian cancers. In the solid tumours, an elevated SATB1 level was observed to be associated with an aggressive phenotype, presence of lymph node, distant metastases, and a poor prognosis. In this review, we briefly describe the prognostic significance of SATB1 expression in most common human cancers, and analyse its impact on EMT and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Glatzel-Plucińska
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Piotrowska
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University School of Physical Education, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
SATB family chromatin organizers as master regulators of tumor progression. Oncogene 2018; 38:1989-2004. [PMID: 30413763 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0541-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
SATB (Special AT-rich binding protein) family proteins have emerged as key regulators that integrate higher-order chromatin organization with the regulation of gene expression. Studies over the past decade have elucidated the specific roles of SATB1 and SATB2, two closely related members of this family, in cancer progression. SATB family chromatin organizers play diverse and important roles in regulating the dynamic equilibrium of apoptosis, cell invasion, metastasis, proliferation, angiogenesis, and immune modulation. This review highlights cellular and molecular events governed by SATB1 influencing the structural organization of chromatin and interacting with several co-activators and co-repressors of transcription towards tumor progression. SATB1 expression across tumor cell types generates cellular and molecular heterogeneity culminating in tumor relapse and metastasis. SATB1 exhibits dynamic expression within intratumoral cell types regulated by the tumor microenvironment, which culminates towards tumor progression. Recent studies suggested that cell-specific expression of SATB1 across tumor recruited dendritic cells (DC), cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), T regulatory cells (Tregs) and tumor epithelial cells along with tumor microenvironment act as primary determinants of tumor progression and tumor inflammation. In contrast, SATB2 is differentially expressed in an array of cancer types and is involved in tumorigenesis. Survival analysis for patients across an array of cancer types correlated with expression of SATB family chromatin organizers suggested tissue-specific expression of SATB1 and SATB2 contributing to disease prognosis. In this context, it is pertinent to understand molecular players, cellular pathways, genetic and epigenetic mechanisms governed by cell types within tumors regulated by SATB proteins. We propose that patient survival analysis based on the expression profile of SATB chromatin organizers would facilitate their unequivocal establishment as prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for cancer therapy.
Collapse
|
23
|
Botchkarev VA. Second International Symposium-Epigenetic Regulation of Skin Regeneration and Aging: From Chromatin Biology towards the Understanding of Epigenetic Basis of Skin Diseases. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:1604-1608. [PMID: 28583676 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir A Botchkarev
- Centre for Skin Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK; Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lee K, Seo PJ. Coordination of matrix attachment and ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling regulate auxin biosynthesis and Arabidopsis hypocotyl elongation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181804. [PMID: 28746399 PMCID: PMC5529009 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypocotyl elongation is extensively controlled by hormone signaling networks. In particular, auxin metabolism and signaling play key roles in light-dependent hypocotyl growth. The nuclear matrix facilitates organization of DNA within the nucleus, and dynamic interactions between nuclear matrix and DNA are related to gene regulation. Conserved scaffold/matrix attachment regions (S/MARs) are anchored to the nuclear matrix by the AT-HOOK MOTIF CONTAINING NUCLEAR LOCALIZED (AHL) proteins in Arabidopsis. Here, we found that ESCAROLA (ESC)/AHL27 and SUPPRESSOR OF PHYTOCHROME B-4 #3 (SOB3)/AHL29 redundantly regulate auxin biosynthesis in the control of hypocotyl elongation. The light-inducible AHL proteins bind directly to an S/MAR region of the YUCCA 9 (YUC9) promoter and suppress its expression to inhibit hypocotyl growth in light-grown seedlings. In addition, they recruit the SWI2/SNF2-RELATED 1 (SWR1) complex and promote exchange of H2A with the histone variant H2A.Z at the YUC9 locus to further elaborately control auxin biosynthesis. Consistent with these results, the long hypocotyl phenotypes of light-grown genetic mutants of the AHLs and H2A.Z-exchanging components were suppressed by potent chemical inhibitors of auxin transport and YUC enzymes. These results suggest that the coordination of matrix attachment and chromatin modification underlies auxin biosynthesis in light-dependent hypocotyl growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyounghee Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Pil Joon Seo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
|
26
|
Botchkarev VA. The Molecular Revolution in Cutaneous Biology: Chromosomal Territories, Higher-Order Chromatin Remodeling, and the Control of Gene Expression in Keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:e93-e99. [PMID: 28411854 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional organization of transcription in the nucleus and mechanisms controlling the global chromatin folding, including spatial interactions between the genes, noncoding genome elements, and epigenetic and transcription machinery, are essential for establishing lineage-specific gene expression programs during cell differentiation. Spatial chromatin interactions in the nucleus involving gene promoters and distal regulatory elements are currently considered major forces that drive cell differentiation and genome evolution in general, and such interactions are substantially reorganized during many pathological conditions. During terminal differentiation of the epidermal keratinocytes, the nucleus undergoes programmed transformation from highly active status, associated with execution of the genetic program of epidermal barrier formation, to a fully inactive condition and finally becomes a part of the keratinized cells of the cornified epidermal layer. This transition is accompanied by marked remodeling of the three-dimensional nuclear organization and microanatomy, including changes in the spatial arrangement of lineage-specific genes, nuclear bodies, and heterochromatin. This mini-review highlights the important landmarks in the accumulation of our current knowledge on three-dimensional organization of the nucleus, spatial arrangement of the genes, and their distal regulatory elements, and it provides an update on the mechanisms that control higher-order chromatin remodeling in the context of epidermal keratinocyte differentiation in the skin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir A Botchkarev
- Centre for Skin Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK; Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Tetramerization of SATB1 is essential for regulating of gene expression. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 430:171-178. [PMID: 28205095 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-2964-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 1 (SATB1) functions as a 'genome organizer' in tumorigenesis. Our previous report showed that SATB1 forms a tetramer through its N-terminal ubiquitin like domain rather than the proposed PDZ domain. In the present study, we aim to illustrate whether this oligomerization is critical to its function as a global repressor of gene expression in vivo. Luciferase and GST pull-down assays demonstrated that disrupting SATB1's tetramerization not only affects the activities of promoters but also influences the recruitment of interaction partners. Furthermore, we developed stable cell lines that overexpressed either the SATB1 tetramer or STAB1 dimer (KWN-AAA) and monitored global gene expression. Gene expression profiling revealed that over 1000 genes were significantly upregulated or downregulated upon the overexpression of SATB1 or the SATB1 (KWN-AAA) mutant. These data implied that SATB1 might regulate gene expression through its different oligomerization state. In conclusion, we inferred that the oligomerization of SATB1 is pivotal to its function of different biological processes.
Collapse
|
28
|
Ordulu Z, Kammin T, Brand H, Pillalamarri V, Redin CE, Collins RL, Blumenthal I, Hanscom C, Pereira S, Bradley I, Crandall BF, Gerrol P, Hayden MA, Hussain N, Kanengisser-Pines B, Kantarci S, Levy B, Macera MJ, Quintero-Rivera F, Spiegel E, Stevens B, Ulm JE, Warburton D, Wilkins-Haug LE, Yachelevich N, Gusella JF, Talkowski ME, Morton CC. Structural Chromosomal Rearrangements Require Nucleotide-Level Resolution: Lessons from Next-Generation Sequencing in Prenatal Diagnosis. Am J Hum Genet 2016; 99:1015-1033. [PMID: 27745839 PMCID: PMC5097935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In this exciting era of "next-gen cytogenetics," integrating genomic sequencing into the prenatal diagnostic setting is possible within an actionable time frame and can provide precise delineation of balanced chromosomal rearrangements at the nucleotide level. Given the increased risk of congenital abnormalities in newborns with de novo balanced chromosomal rearrangements, comprehensive interpretation of breakpoints could substantially improve prediction of phenotypic outcomes and support perinatal medical care. Herein, we present and evaluate sequencing results of balanced chromosomal rearrangements in ten prenatal subjects with respect to the location of regulatory chromatin domains (topologically associated domains [TADs]). The genomic material from all subjects was interpreted to be "normal" by microarray analyses, and their rearrangements would not have been detected by cell-free DNA (cfDNA) screening. The findings of our systematic approach correlate with phenotypes of both pregnancies with untoward outcomes (5/10) and with healthy newborns (3/10). Two pregnancies, one with a chromosomal aberration predicted to be of unknown clinical significance and another one predicted to be likely benign, were terminated prior to phenotype-genotype correlation (2/10). We demonstrate that the clinical interpretation of structural rearrangements should not be limited to interruption, deletion, or duplication of specific genes and should also incorporate regulatory domains of the human genome with critical ramifications for the control of gene expression. As detailed in this study, our molecular approach to both detecting and interpreting the breakpoints of structural rearrangements yields unparalleled information in comparison to other commonly used first-tier diagnostic methods, such as non-invasive cfDNA screening and microarray analysis, to provide improved genetic counseling for phenotypic outcome in the prenatal setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zehra Ordulu
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tammy Kammin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Harrison Brand
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA 02142, USA
| | - Vamsee Pillalamarri
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Claire E Redin
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA 02142, USA
| | - Ryan L Collins
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ian Blumenthal
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Carrie Hanscom
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Shahrin Pereira
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - India Bradley
- Department of Psychiatry, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Medical Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Barbara F Crandall
- Department of Psychiatry, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Medical Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Pamela Gerrol
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mark A Hayden
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Naveed Hussain
- Department of Pediatrics, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | | | - Sibel Kantarci
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA Clinical Genomics Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Brynn Levy
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Michael J Macera
- New York Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Fabiola Quintero-Rivera
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA Clinical Genomics Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Erica Spiegel
- Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Blair Stevens
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Janet E Ulm
- Regional Obstetrical Consultants, Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA
| | - Dorothy Warburton
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Louise E Wilkins-Haug
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Naomi Yachelevich
- Department of Pediatrics, Clinical Genetics Services, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - James F Gusella
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA 02142, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boson, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael E Talkowski
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA 02142, USA; Departments of Psychiatry and Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Cynthia C Morton
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA 02142, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Evolution and Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Center, Manchester 03101, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Dumler JS, Sinclair SH, Pappas-Brown V, Shetty AC. Genome-Wide Anaplasma phagocytophilum AnkA-DNA Interactions Are Enriched in Intergenic Regions and Gene Promoters and Correlate with Infection-Induced Differential Gene Expression. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2016; 6:97. [PMID: 27703927 PMCID: PMC5028410 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2016.00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplasma phagocytophilum, an obligate intracellular prokaryote, infects neutrophils, and alters cardinal functions via reprogrammed transcription. Large contiguous regions of neutrophil chromosomes are differentially expressed during infection. Secreted A. phagocytophilum effector AnkA transits into the neutrophil or granulocyte nucleus to complex with DNA in heterochromatin across all chromosomes. AnkA binds to gene promoters to dampen cis-transcription and also has features of matrix attachment region (MAR)-binding proteins that regulate three-dimensional chromatin architecture and coordinate transcriptional programs encoded in topologically-associated chromatin domains. We hypothesize that identification of additional AnkA binding sites will better delineate how A. phagocytophilum infection results in reprogramming of the neutrophil genome. Using AnkA-binding ChIP-seq, we showed that AnkA binds broadly throughout all chromosomes in a reproducible pattern, especially at: (i) intergenic regions predicted to be MARs; (ii) within predicted lamina-associated domains; and (iii) at promoters ≤ 3000 bp upstream of transcriptional start sites. These findings provide genome-wide support for AnkA as a regulator of cis-gene transcription. Moreover, the dominant mark of AnkA in distal intergenic regions known to be AT-enriched, coupled with frequent enrichment in the nuclear lamina, provides strong support for its role as a MAR-binding protein and genome “re-organizer.” AnkA must be considered a prime candidate to promote neutrophil reprogramming and subsequent functional changes that belie improved microbial fitness and pathogenicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Stephen Dumler
- Department of Pathology, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Valeria Pappas-Brown
- Department of Pathology, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amol C Shetty
- Informatics Resource Center, Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wöhner M, Tagoh H, Bilic I, Jaritz M, Poliakova DK, Fischer M, Busslinger M. Molecular functions of the transcription factors E2A and E2-2 in controlling germinal center B cell and plasma cell development. J Exp Med 2016; 213:1201-21. [PMID: 27261530 PMCID: PMC4925024 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20152002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Busslinger et al. showed that the transcription factors E2A and E2-2 control the expression of genes required for the development of GC B cells and plasma cells. E2A is an essential regulator of early B cell development. Here, we have demonstrated that E2A together with E2-2 controlled germinal center (GC) B cell and plasma cell development. As shown by the identification of regulated E2A,E2-2 target genes in activated B cells, these E-proteins directly activated genes with important functions in GC B cells and plasma cells by inducing and maintaining DNase I hypersensitive sites. Through binding to multiple enhancers in the Igh 3′ regulatory region and Aicda locus, E-proteins regulated class switch recombination by inducing both Igh germline transcription and AID expression. By regulating 3′ Igk and Igh enhancers and a distal element at the Prdm1 (Blimp1) locus, E-proteins contributed to Igk, Igh, and Prdm1 activation in plasmablasts. Together, these data identified E2A and E2-2 as central regulators of B cell immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Wöhner
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hiromi Tagoh
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ivan Bilic
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Jaritz
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Maria Fischer
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Meinrad Busslinger
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Maksimenko O, Gasanov NB, Georgiev P. Regulatory Elements in Vectors for Efficient Generation of Cell Lines Producing Target Proteins. Acta Naturae 2015; 7:15-26. [PMID: 26483956 PMCID: PMC4610161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, there has been an increasing number of drugs produced in mammalian cell cultures. In order to enhance the expression level and stability of target recombinant proteins in cell cultures, various regulatory elements with poorly studied mechanisms of action are used. In this review, we summarize and discuss the potential mechanisms of action of such regulatory elements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O. Maksimenko
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str. 34/5, 119334, Moscow, Russia
| | - N. B. Gasanov
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str. 34/5, 119334, Moscow, Russia
| | - P. Georgiev
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str. 34/5, 119334, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Sinclair SH, Rennoll-Bankert KE, Dumler JS. Effector bottleneck: microbial reprogramming of parasitized host cell transcription by epigenetic remodeling of chromatin structure. Front Genet 2014; 5:274. [PMID: 25177343 PMCID: PMC4132484 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2014.00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Obligate intracellular pathogenic bacteria evolved to manipulate their host cells with a limited range of proteins constrained by their compact genomes. The harsh environment of a phagocytic defense cell is one that challenges the majority of commensal and pathogenic bacteria; yet, these are the obligatory vertebrate homes for important pathogenic species in the Anaplasmataceae family. Survival requires that the parasite fundamentally alter the native functions of the cell to allow its entry, intracellular replication, and transmission to a hematophagous arthropod. The small genomic repertoires encode several eukaryotic-like proteins, including ankyrin A (AnkA) of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Ank200 and tandem-repeat containing proteins of Ehrlichia chaffeensis that localize to the host cell nucleus and directly bind DNA. As a model, A. phagocytophilum AnkA appears to directly alter host cell gene expression by recruiting chromatin modifying enzymes such as histone deacetylases and methyltransferases or by acting directly on transcription in cis. While cis binding could feasibly alter limited ranges of genes and cellular functions, the complex and dramatic alterations in transcription observed with infection are difficult to explain on the basis of individually targeted genes. We hypothesize that nucleomodulins can act broadly, even genome-wide, to affect entire chromosomal neighborhoods and topologically associating chromatin domains by recruiting chromatin remodeling complexes or by altering the folding patterns of chromatin that bring distant regulatory regions together to coordinate control of transcriptional reprogramming. This review focuses on the A. phagocytophilum nucleomodulin AnkA, how it impacts host cell transcriptional responses, and current investigations that seek to determine how these multifunctional eukaryotic-like proteins facilitate epigenetic alterations and cellular reprogramming at the chromosomal level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara H Sinclair
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD, USA ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore Baltimore, MD, USA ; Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD, USA ; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kristen E Rennoll-Bankert
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore Baltimore, MD, USA ; Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J S Dumler
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD, USA ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore Baltimore, MD, USA ; Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD, USA ; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Niu L, Li G, Lin S. Statistical models for detecting differential chromatin interactions mediated by a protein. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97560. [PMID: 24835279 PMCID: PMC4023970 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatin interactions mediated by a protein of interest are of great scientific interest. Recent studies show that protein-mediated chromatin interactions can have different intensities in different types of cells or in different developmental stages of a cell. Such differences can be associated with a disease or with the development of a cell. Thus, it is of great importance to detect protein-mediated chromatin interactions with different intensities in different cells. A recent molecular technique, Chromatin Interaction Analysis by Paired-End Tag Sequencing (ChIA-PET), which uses formaldehyde cross-linking and paired-end sequencing, is able to detect genome-wide chromatin interactions mediated by a protein of interest. Here we proposed two models (One-Step Model and Two-Step Model) for two sample ChIA-PET count data (one biological replicate in each sample) to identify differential chromatin interactions mediated by a protein of interest. Both models incorporate the data dependency and the extent to which a fragment pair is related to a pair of DNA loci of interest to make accurate identifications. The One-Step Model makes use of the data more efficiently but is more computationally intensive. An extensive simulation study showed that the models can detect those differentially interacted chromatins and there is a good agreement between each classification result and the truth. Application of the method to a two-sample ChIA-PET data set illustrates its utility. The two models are implemented as an R package MDM (available at http://www.stat.osu.edu/~statgen/SOFTWARE/MDM).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Niu
- Department of Statistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Guoliang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Center for Systems Biology, Center for Bioinformatics, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shili Lin
- Department of Statistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
First International Symposium "Epigenetic Control of Skin Development and Regeneration": how chromatin regulators orchestrate skin functions. J Invest Dermatol 2013; 133:1918-21. [PMID: 23856928 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2013.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
35
|
Wang S, Wen F, Wiley GB, Kinter MT, Gaffney PM. An enhancer element harboring variants associated with systemic lupus erythematosus engages the TNFAIP3 promoter to influence A20 expression. PLoS Genet 2013; 9:e1003750. [PMID: 24039598 PMCID: PMC3764111 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional characterization of causal variants present on risk haplotypes identified through genome-wide association studies (GWAS) is a primary objective of human genetics. In this report, we evaluate the function of a pair of tandem polymorphic dinucleotides, 42 kb downstream of the promoter of TNFAIP3, (rs148314165, rs200820567, collectively referred to as TT>A) recently nominated as causal variants responsible for genetic association of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with tumor necrosis factor alpha inducible protein 3 (TNFAIP3). TNFAIP3 encodes the ubiquitin-editing enzyme, A20, a key negative regulator of NF-κB signaling. A20 expression is reduced in subjects carrying the TT>A risk alleles; however, the underlying functional mechanism by which this occurs is unclear. We used a combination of electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA), mass spectrometry (MS), reporter assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation-PCR (ChIP-PCR) and chromosome conformation capture (3C) EBV transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL) from individuals carrying risk and non-risk TNFAIP3 haplotypes to characterize the effect of TT>A on A20 expression. Our results demonstrate that the TT>A variants reside in an enhancer element that binds NF-κB and SATB1 enabling physical interaction of the enhancer with the TNFAIP3 promoter through long-range DNA looping. Impaired binding of NF-κB to the TT>A risk alleles or knockdown of SATB1 expression by shRNA, inhibits the looping interaction resulting in reduced A20 expression. Together, these data reveal a novel mechanism of TNFAIP3 transcriptional regulation and establish the functional basis by which the TT>A risk variants attenuate A20 expression through inefficient delivery of NF-κB to the TNFAIP3 promoter. These results provide critical functional evidence supporting a direct causal role for TT>A in the genetic predisposition to SLE. A key objective of human genetics is the identification and characterization of variants responsible for association with complex diseases. A pair of single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs148314165, rs200820567) 42 kb downstream from the promoter of TNFAIP3, have been proposed as the variants responsible for association with systemic lupus erythematosus based on comprehensive genetic and bioinformatic analyses. TNFAIP3 encodes for the ubiquitin-editing enzyme, A20, which plays a central role in maintaining immune system homeostasis through restriction of NF-κB signaling. Cells that carry this risk haplotype express low levels of TNFAIP3 compared to cells carrying the nonrisk haplotype. How the risk alleles of rs148314165 and rs200820567 might influence low TNFAIP3 expression is unknown. In this paper, we demonstrate that these variants reside in an enhancer element that binds NF-κB and SATB1 enabling the interaction of the enhancer with the TNFAIP3 promoter through long-range DNA looping. Impaired binding of NF-κB directly to the risk alleles or shRNA-mediated knockdown of SATB1 inhibits interaction of the enhancer with the TNFAIP3 promoter resulting in reduced A20 expression. These results clarify the functional mechanism by which rs148314165 and rs200820567 attenuate A20 expression and support a causal role for these variants in the predisposition to autoimmune disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaofeng Wang
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Feng Wen
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Graham B. Wiley
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Michael T. Kinter
- Free Radical Biology and Aging Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Patrick M. Gaffney
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
|