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Qiu W, Zhou B, Luo Y, Chen Y, Chen Z, Wu K, Wu H, Wu B, Guo J, Fang F. An Optimized Decellularized Extracellular Matrix from Dental Pulp Stem Cell Sheets Promotes Axonal Regeneration by Multiple Modes in Spinal Cord Injury Rats. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2402312. [PMID: 39148180 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202402312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
In the field of tissue engineering, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is considered an important element for promoting neural regeneration after spinal cord injury (SCI). Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), mesenchymal stem cells that originate from the neural crest, are easy to harvest and culture in vitro, express a variety of neurotrophic factors (NTFs) and deposit a large amount of ECM, making them a good choice for stem cell- or ECM-based treatment of SCI. In the present study, decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) derived from DPSC sheets is used for the treatment of SCI. Optimization experiments reveal that incubating DPSC sheets with 1% Triton X-100 for 5 min is the best procedure for preparing DPSC dECM. It is found that DPSC dECM promotes nerve repair and regeneration after SCI and restores hindlimb motor function in rats. Mechanistically, DPSC dECM facilitates the migration and neural differentiation of neural stem cells, as well as M2 polarization of microglia, and inhibits the formation of glial scars. This study suggests that the use of DPSC dECM is a potential strategy for the treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qiu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Bangyi Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Yifei Luo
- Department of Stomatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, P. R. China
| | - Yuanting Chen
- Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518118, P. R. China
| | - Zehao Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Keke Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511495, P. R. China
| | - Hongle Wu
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, P. R. China
| | - Buling Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518118, P. R. China
| | - Jinshan Guo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Fuchun Fang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
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2
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Le LTT, Pham NC, Trinh XT, Nguyen NG, Nguyen VL, Nam SY, Heo CY. Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Decellularization of Porcine Nerve Matrix for Regenerative Medicine. Tissue Eng Part A 2024; 30:447-459. [PMID: 38205627 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2023.0228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering scaffolds are often made from the decellularization of tissues. The decellularization of tissues caused by prolonged contact with aqueous detergents might harm the microstructure and leave cytotoxic residues. In this research, we developed a new technique to use supercritical carbon dioxide (Sc-CO2)-based decellularization for porcine nerve tissue. The effect of decellularization was analyzed by histological examination, including Hematoxylin and Eosin, Masson's Trichrome staining, and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining. Moreover, biochemical analysis of the decellularized tissues was also performed by measuring DNA content, amount of collagen, and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) after decellularization. The results showed that the tissue structure was preserved, cells were removed, and the essential components of extracellular matrix, such as collagen fibers, elastin fibers, and GAG fibers, remained after decellularization. In addition, the DNA content was decreased compared with native tissue, and the concentration of collagen and GAGs in the decellularized nerve tissue was the same as in native tissue. The in vivo experiment in the rat model showed that after 6 months of decellularized nerve implantation, the sciatic function index was confirmed to recover in decellularized nerve. Morphological analysis displayed a range of infiltrated cells in the decellularized nerve, similar to that in native tissue, and the number of Schwann cells that play essential for motor function and sensory in the decellularized nerve was confirmed. These findings indicate that tissue decellularization using Sc-CO2 has been successfully used in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linh Thi Thuy Le
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ngoc Chien Pham
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Device Development, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Xuan-Tung Trinh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ngan Giang Nguyen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Korean Institute of Nonclinical Study Center, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Van Long Nguyen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Young Nam
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Yeong Heo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Korean Institute of Nonclinical Study Center, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Device Development, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Xu Y, Liu X, Ahmad MA, Ao Q, Yu Y, Shao D, Yu T. Engineering cell-derived extracellular matrix for peripheral nerve regeneration. Mater Today Bio 2024; 27:101125. [PMID: 38979129 PMCID: PMC11228803 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrices (ECMs) play a key role in nerve repair and are recognized as the natural source of biomaterials. In parallel to extensively studied tissue-derived ECMs (ts-ECMs), cell-derived ECMs (cd-ECMs) also have the capability to partially recapitulate the complicated regenerative microenvironment of native nerve tissues. Notably, cd-ECMs can avoid the shortcomings of ts-ECMs. Cd-ECMs can be prepared by culturing various cells or even autologous cells in vitro under pathogen-free conditions. And mild decellularization can achieve efficient removal of immunogenic components in cd-ECMs. Moreover, cd-ECMs are more readily customizable to achieve the desired functional properties. These advantages have garnered significant attention for the potential of cd-ECMs in neuroregenerative medicine. As promising biomaterials, cd-ECMs bring new hope for the effective treatment of peripheral nerve injuries. Herein, this review comprehensively examines current knowledge about the functional characteristics of cd-ECMs and their mechanisms of interaction with cells in nerve regeneration, with a particular focus on the preparation, engineering optimization, and scalability of cd-ECMs. The applications of cd-ECMs from distinct cell sources reported in peripheral nerve tissue engineering are highlighted and summarized. Furthermore, current limitations that should be addressed and outlooks related to clinical translation are put forward as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxi Xu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xianbo Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | | | - Qiang Ao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Control of Tissue Regenerative Biomaterial, Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dan Shao
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianhao Yu
- The VIP Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
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Liu J, Yan R, Wang B, Chen S, Hong H, Liu C, Chen X. Decellularized extracellular matrix enriched with GDNF enhances neurogenesis and remyelination for improved motor recovery after spinal cord injury. Acta Biomater 2024; 180:308-322. [PMID: 38615813 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Motor functional improvement represents a paramount treatment objective in the post-spinal cord injury (SCI) recovery process. However, neuronal cell death and axonal degeneration following SCI disrupt neural signaling, impeding the motor functional recovery. In this study, we developed a multifunctional decellularized spinal cord-derived extracellular matrix (dSECM), crosslinked with glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), to promote differentiation of stem cells into neural-like cells and facilitate axonogenesis and remyelination. After decellularization, the immunogenic cellular components were effectively removed in dSECM, while the crucial protein components were retained which supports stem cells proliferation and differentiation. Furthermore, sustained release of GDNF from the dSECM facilitated axonogenesis and remyelination by activating the PI3K/Akt and MEK/Erk pathways. Our findings demonstrate that the dSECM-GDNF platform promotes neurogenesis, axonogenesis, and remyelination to enhance neural signaling, thereby yielding promising therapeutic effects for motor functional improvement after SCI. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The dSECM promotes the proliferation and differentiation of MSCs or NSCs by retaining proteins associated with positive regulation of neurogenesis and neuronal differentiation, while eliminating proteins related to negative regulation of neurogenesis. After crosslinking, GDNF can be gradually released from the platform, thereby promoting neural differentiation, axonogenesis, and remyelination to enhance neural signaling through activation of the PI3K/Akt and MEK/Erk pathways. In vivo experiments demonstrated that dSECM-GDNF/MSC@GelMA hydrogel exhibited the ability to facilitate neuronal regeneration at 4 weeks post-surgery, while promoting axonogenesis and remyelination at 8 weeks post-surgery, ultimately leading to enhanced motor functional recovery. This study elucidates the ability of neural regeneration strategy to promote motor functional recovery and provides a promising approach for designing multifunctional tissue for SCI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Ruijia Yan
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Bixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Shu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Hua Hong
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Changsheng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
| | - Xi Chen
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
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Ortega JA, Soares de Aguiar GP, Chandravanshi P, Levy N, Engel E, Álvarez Z. Exploring the properties and potential of the neural extracellular matrix for next-generation regenerative therapies. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 16:e1962. [PMID: 38723788 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic and complex network of proteins and molecules that surrounds cells and tissues in the nervous system and orchestrates a myriad of biological functions. This review carefully examines the diverse interactions between cells and the ECM, as well as the transformative chemical and physical changes that the ECM undergoes during neural development, aging, and disease. These transformations play a pivotal role in shaping tissue morphogenesis and neural activity, thereby influencing the functionality of the central nervous system (CNS). In our comprehensive review, we describe the diverse behaviors of the CNS ECM in different physiological and pathological scenarios and explore the unique properties that make ECM-based strategies attractive for CNS repair and regeneration. Addressing the challenges of scalability, variability, and integration with host tissues, we review how advanced natural, synthetic, and combinatorial matrix approaches enhance biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and functional recovery. Overall, this review highlights the potential of decellularized ECM as a powerful tool for CNS modeling and regenerative purposes and sets the stage for future research in this exciting field. This article is categorized under: Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanotechnology in Tissue Repair and Replacement Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Neurological Disease Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanomaterials and Implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Alberto Ortega
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
| | - Gisele P Soares de Aguiar
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
| | - Palash Chandravanshi
- Biomaterials for Neural Regeneration Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natacha Levy
- Biomaterials for Neural Regeneration Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabeth Engel
- IMEM-BRT Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, EEBE, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
- Biomaterials for Regenerative Therapies Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Zaida Álvarez
- Biomaterials for Neural Regeneration Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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6
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Santos MGD, França FS, Prestes JP, Teixeira C, Sommer LC, Sperling LE, Pranke P. Production of a Bioink Containing Decellularized Spinal Cord Tissue for 3D Bioprinting. Tissue Eng Part A 2024; 30:61-74. [PMID: 37772706 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2023.0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
For the past few years, three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has emerged as a promising approach in the field of regenerative medicine. This technique allows for the production of 3D scaffolds to support cell transplantation due to its ability to mimic the extracellular environment. One alternative to enhancing cell adhesion, survival, and proliferation is the use of decellularized extracellular matrix as a bioink component. The aim of this study was to produce a bioink using lyophilized rat decellularized spinal cord tissue (DSCT) for 3D bioprinting of nervous tissue. DNA quantification, hematoxylin and eosin and DAPI staining indicated that 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate and 9 h processing were effective in removing the cells from the spinal cord samples. The cell viability assay showed that the decellularized matrix is not cytotoxic for PC12 cells. The hydrogel containing DSCT, alginate, and gelatine used as the base for the bioink has a shear thinning behavior and low G″/G' ratio, allowing for good printability without compromising cell viability after 3D bioprinting. The bioink supported long-term PC12 cell survival, with 93% of live cells 4 weeks after printing, and stimulated the production of laminin-1 and neurofilament-M. This bioink, therefore, represents an easily available biomaterial for central nervous system tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Garrido Dos Santos
- Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Fundamental Health Science Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Stapenhorst França
- Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Fundamental Health Science Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - João Pedro Prestes
- Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Fundamental Health Science Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cristian Teixeira
- Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Fundamental Health Science Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Sommer
- Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Fundamental Health Science Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Laura Elena Sperling
- Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Fundamental Health Science Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Patricia Pranke
- Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Fundamental Health Science Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Instituto de Pesquisa com Células-tronco (IPCT), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Zhang F, Gao H, Jiang X, Yang F, Zhang J, Song S, Shen J. Biomedical Application of Decellularized Scaffolds. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:5145-5168. [PMID: 38032114 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Tissue loss and end-stage organ failure are serious health problems across the world. Natural and synthetic polymer scaffold material based artificial organs play an important role in the field of tissue engineering and organ regeneration, but they are not from the body and may cause side effects such as rejection. In recent years, the biomimetic decellularized scaffold based materials have drawn great attention in the tissue engineering field for their good biocompatibility, easy modification, and excellent organism adaptability. Therefore, in this review, we comprehensively summarize the application of decellularized scaffolds in tissue engineering and biomedicine in recent years. The preparation methods, modification strategies, construction of artificial tissues, and application in biomedical applications are discussed. We hope that this review will provide a useful reference for research on decellularized scaffolds and promote their application tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huimin Gao
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xuefeng Jiang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fang Yang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Saijie Song
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jian Shen
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Interfacial Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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8
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Mahdian M, Tabatabai TS, Abpeikar Z, Rezakhani L, Khazaei M. Nerve regeneration using decellularized tissues: challenges and opportunities. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1295563. [PMID: 37928728 PMCID: PMC10620322 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1295563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In tissue engineering, the decellularization of organs and tissues as a biological scaffold plays a critical role in the repair of neurodegenerative diseases. Various protocols for cell removal can distinguish the effects of treatment ability, tissue structure, and extracellular matrix (ECM) ability. Despite considerable progress in nerve regeneration and functional recovery, the slow regeneration and recovery potential of the central nervous system (CNS) remains a challenge. The success of neural tissue engineering is primarily influenced by composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties. The primary objective of restorative techniques is to guide existing axons properly toward the distal end of the damaged nerve and the target organs. However, due to the limitations of nerve autografts, researchers are seeking alternative methods with high therapeutic efficiency and without the limitations of autograft transplantation. Decellularization scaffolds, due to their lack of immunogenicity and the preservation of essential factors in the ECM and high angiogenic ability, provide a suitable three-dimensional (3D) substrate for the adhesion and growth of axons being repaired toward the target organs. This study focuses on mentioning the types of scaffolds used in nerve regeneration, and the methods of tissue decellularization, and specifically explores the use of decellularized nerve tissues (DNT) for nerve transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mahdian
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Sadat Tabatabai
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Zahra Abpeikar
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Leila Rezakhani
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mozafar Khazaei
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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9
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Jiang W, Zhang X, Yu S, Yan F, Chen J, Liu J, Dong C. Decellularized extracellular matrix in the treatment of spinal cord injury. Exp Neurol 2023; 368:114506. [PMID: 37597763 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Functional limitation caused by spinal cord injury (SCI) has the problem of significant clinical and economic burden. Damaged spinal axonal connections and an inhibitory environment severely hamper neuronal function. Regenerative biomaterials can fill the cavity and produce an optimal microenvironment at the site of SCI, inhibiting apoptosis, inflammation, and glial scar formation while promoting neurogenesis, axonal development, and angiogenesis. Decellularization aims to eliminate cells from the ultrastructure of tissues while keeping tissue-specific components that are similar to the structure of real tissues, making decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) a suitable scaffold for tissue engineering. dECM has good biocompatibility, it can be widely obtained from natural organs of different species, and can be co-cultured with cells for 3D printing to obtain the target scaffold. In this paper, we reviewed the pathophysiology of SCI, the characteristics of dECM and its preparation method, and the application of dECM in the treatment of SCI. Although dECM has shown its therapeutic effect at present, there are still many indicators that need to be taken into account, such as the difficulty in obtaining materials and standardized production mode for large-scale use, the effect of decellularization on the physical and chemical properties of dECM, and the study on the synergistic effect of dECM and cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwei Jiang
- Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xuanxuan Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shumin Yu
- Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Fangsu Yan
- Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jiaxi Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jinyi Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chuanming Dong
- Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, China; Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China.
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10
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Ren L, Jiang Z, Zhang H, Chen Y, Zhu D, He J, Chen Y, Wang Y, Yang G. Biomaterials derived from hard palate mucosa for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Mater Today Bio 2023; 22:100734. [PMID: 37636987 PMCID: PMC10458294 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Autologous materials have superior biosafety and are widely used in clinical practice. Due to its excellent trauma-healing ability, the hard palate mucosa (HPM) has become a hot spot for autologous donor area research. Multiple studies have conducted an in-depth analysis of the healing ability of the HPM at the cellular and molecular levels. In addition, the HPM has good maneuverability as a donor area for soft tissue grafts, and researchers have isolated various specific mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from HPM. Free soft tissue grafts obtained from the HPM have been widely used in the clinic and have played an essential role in dentistry, eyelid reconstruction, and the repair of other specific soft tissue defects. This article reviews the advantages of HPM as a donor area and its related mechanisms, classes of HPM-derived biomaterials, the current status of clinical applications, challenges, and future development directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfei Ren
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Zhiwei Jiang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Yani Chen
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Danji Zhu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Jin He
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Yunxuan Chen
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Guoli Yang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
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11
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Kellaway SC, Roberton V, Jones JN, Loczenski R, Phillips JB, White LJ. Engineered neural tissue made using hydrogels derived from decellularised tissues for the regeneration of peripheral nerves. Acta Biomater 2023; 157:124-136. [PMID: 36494008 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Engineered neural tissue (EngNT) promotes in vivo axonal regeneration. Decellularised materials (dECM) are complex biologic scaffolds that can improve the cellular environment and also encourage positive tissue remodelling in vivo. We hypothesised that we could incorporate a hydrogel derived from a decellularised tissue (dECMh) into EngNT, thereby providing an alternative to the currently used purified collagen I hydrogel for the first time. Decellularisation was carried out on bone (B-ECM), liver (LIV-ECM), and small intestinal (SIS-ECM) tissues and the resultant dECM was biochemically and mechanically characterised. dECMh differed in mechanical and biochemical properties that likely had an effect on Schwann cell behaviour observed in metabolic activity and contraction profiles. Cellular alignment was observed in tethered moulds within the B-ECM and SIS-ECM derived hydrogels only. No difference was observed in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurite extension between the dECMh groups and collagen I groups when applied as a coverslip coating, however, when DRG were seeded atop EngNT constructs, only the B-ECM derived EngNT performed similarly to collagen I derived EngNT. B-ECM EngNT further exhibited similar axonal regeneration to collagen I EngNT in a 10 mm gap rat sciatic nerve injury model after 4 weeks. Our results have shown that various dECMh can be utilised to produce EngNT that can promote neurite extension in vitro and axonal regeneration in vivo. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Nerve autografts are undesirable due to the sacrifice of a patient's own nerve tissue to repair injuries. Engineered neural tissue (EngNT) is a type of living artificial tissue that has been developed to overcome this. To date, only a collagen hydrogel has been shown to be effective in the production and utilisation of EngNT in animal models. Hydrogels may be made from decellularised extracellular matrix derived from many tissues. In this study we showed that hydrogels from various tissues may be used to create EngNT and one was shown to comparable to the currently used collagen based EngNT in a rat sciatic nerve injry model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon C Kellaway
- Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, UK; Division of Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapies, School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK; Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Victoria Roberton
- Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, UK; Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Joshua N Jones
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapies, School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK; Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Rabea Loczenski
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapies, School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK; Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - James B Phillips
- Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, UK; Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Lisa J White
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapies, School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK; Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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12
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He W, Shi C, Yin J, Huang F, Yan W, Deng J, Zhang B, Wang B, Wang H. Spinal cord decellularized matrix scaffold loaded with engineered basic fibroblast growth factor-overexpressed human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells promoted the recovery of spinal cord injury. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023; 111:51-61. [PMID: 35799479 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) will lead to irreversible damage of sensory and motor function of central nervous system, which seriously affects patient's quality of life. A variety of nerve engineering materials carrying various stem cells and cell growth factors had used to promote the repair of SCI, but they could not mimic the actual matric niche at spinal cord to promote cell proliferation and differentiation. Thus, developing novel biomaterial providing better niche of spinal cord is a new strategy to treat the severe SCI. In this study, we constructed porcine spinal cord decellularized matrix scaffold (SC-DM) with biocompatibility to load engineered basic fibroblast growth factor-overexpressing human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (bFGF-HUCMSCs) for treating SCI. The continuously released bioactive bFGF factors from grafted bFGF-HUCMSCs and three-dimensional niche by SC-DM promoted the differentiation of endogenous stem cells into neurons with nerve conduction function, leading a markedly motor function recovery of SCI. These results indicated that the functional bFGF-HUCMSCs/SC-DM scaffold provided more suitable matric niche for nerve cells, that would be a promising strategy for the clinical application of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli He
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Chunying Shi
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jia Yin
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Feifei Huang
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjing Yan
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jin Deng
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiping Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Wang B, Qinglai T, Yang Q, Li M, Zeng S, Yang X, Xiao Z, Tong X, Lei L, Li S. Functional acellular matrix for tissue repair. Mater Today Bio 2022; 18:100530. [PMID: 36601535 PMCID: PMC9806685 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In view of their low immunogenicity, biomimetic internal environment, tissue- and organ-like physicochemical properties, and functionalization potential, decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) materials attract considerable attention and are widely used in tissue engineering. This review describes the composition of extracellular matrices and their role in stem-cell differentiation, discusses the advantages and disadvantages of existing decellularization techniques, and presents methods for the functionalization and characterization of decellularized scaffolds. In addition, we discuss progress in the use of dECMs for cartilage, skin, nerve, and muscle repair and the transplantation or regeneration of different whole organs (e.g., kidneys, liver, uterus, lungs, and heart), summarize the shortcomings of using dECMs for tissue and organ repair after refunctionalization, and examine the corresponding future prospects. Thus, the present review helps to further systematize the application of functionalized dECMs in tissue/organ transplantation and keep researchers up to date on recent progress in dECM usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Tang Qinglai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Shiying Zeng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Xinming Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Zian Xiao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Xinying Tong
- Department of Hemodialysis, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Lanjie Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
- Corresponding author. State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Shisheng Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China.
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Li Y, Chen Z, Zhou J, Guan Y, Xing J, Niu Z, Zhang B, Zeng Q, Pei X, Wang Y, Peng J, Xu W, Yue W, Han Y. Combining chitin biological conduits with injectable adipose tissue-derived decellularised matrix hydrogels loaded with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for the repair of peripheral nerve defects in rats. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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15
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Yu T, Ao Q, Ao T, Ahmad MA, Wang A, Xu Y, Zhang Z, Zhou Q. Preparation and assessment of an optimized multichannel acellular nerve allograft for peripheral nerve regeneration. Bioeng Transl Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao Yu
- The VIP Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Shenyang China
| | - Qiang Ao
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education China Medical University Shenyang China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Control of Tissue Regenerative Biomaterial, Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Tianrang Ao
- Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | | | - Aijun Wang
- Department of Neurological Surgery University of California Davis Sacramento California USA
| | - Yingxi Xu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang China
| | - Zhongti Zhang
- The VIP Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Shenyang China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Shenyang China
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Sun S, Lu D, Zhong H, Li C, Yang N, Huang B, Ni S, Li X. Donors for nerve transplantation in craniofacial soft tissue injuries. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:978980. [PMID: 36159691 PMCID: PMC9490317 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.978980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural tissue is an important soft tissue; for instance, craniofacial nerves govern several aspects of human behavior, including the expression of speech, emotion transmission, sensation, and motor function. Therefore, nerve repair to promote functional recovery after craniofacial soft tissue injuries is indispensable. However, the repair and regeneration of craniofacial nerves are challenging due to their intricate anatomical and physiological characteristics. Currently, nerve transplantation is an irreplaceable treatment for segmental nerve defects. With the development of emerging technologies, transplantation donors have become more diverse. The present article reviews the traditional and emerging alternative materials aimed at advancing cutting-edge research on craniofacial nerve repair and facilitating the transition from the laboratory to the clinic. It also provides a reference for donor selection for nerve repair after clinical craniofacial soft tissue injuries. We found that autografts are still widely accepted as the first options for segmental nerve defects. However, allogeneic composite functional units have a strong advantage for nerve transplantation for nerve defects accompanied by several tissue damages or loss. As an alternative to autografts, decellularized tissue has attracted increasing attention because of its low immunogenicity. Nerve conduits have been developed from traditional autologous tissue to composite conduits based on various synthetic materials, with developments in tissue engineering technology. Nerve conduits have great potential to replace traditional donors because their structures are more consistent with the physiological microenvironment and show self-regulation performance with improvements in 3D technology. New materials, such as hydrogels and nanomaterials, have attracted increasing attention in the biomedical field. Their biocompatibility and stimuli-responsiveness have been gradually explored by researchers in the regeneration and regulation of neural networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sishuai Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
| | - Di Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
| | - Hanlin Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
| | - Shilei Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Shilei Ni, ; Xingang Li,
| | - Xingang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Shilei Ni, ; Xingang Li,
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Hu J, Shangguan J, Askar P, Xu J, Sun H, Zhou S, Zhu C, Su W, Gu Y. Decellularization alters the unfavorable regenerative adverse microenvironment of the injured spinal cord to support neurite outgrowth. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:934. [PMID: 36172103 PMCID: PMC9511201 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-3969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Acellular tissue has been transplanted into the injury site as an external microenvironment to intervene with imbalance microenvironment that occurs after spinal cord injury (SCI) and stimulating axonal regeneration, although the mechanism is unclear. Given decellularization is the key means to obtain acellular tissues, we speculated changes in the internal components of tissue caused by decellularization may be the key reason why acellular tissues affect remodeling of the microenvironment. Methods Complete spinal cord crush in a mouse model was established, and the dynamic of extracellular matrix (ECM) expression and distribution during SCI was studied with immunohistochemistry (IHC). Normal spinal cord (NSC) and 14-day injury spinal cord (ISC) were obtained to prepare the decellularized NSC (DNSC) and decellularized ISC (DISC) through a well-designed decellularization method, and the decellularization effects were evaluated by residual DNA content determination, hematoxylin and eosin staining (H&E), and IHC. Rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were co-cultured with NSC, ISC, DNSC, and DISC to evaluate their effect on neurite outgrowth. Furthermore, the mechanisms by which decellularized tissue promotes axonal growth were explored with proteomics analysis of the protein components and function of 14-day ISC and DISC. Results We found the expression of the four main ECM components (collagen type I and IV, fibronectin, and laminin) gradually increased with the progression of SCI compared to NSC, peaking at 14 days of injury then slightly decreasing at 21 days, and the distribution of the four ECM proteins in the ISC also changed dynamically. H&E staining, residual DNA content determination, and IHC showed decellularization removed cellular components and preserved an intact ECM. The results of co-cultured DRG with NSCs, ISCs, DNSCs, and DISCs showed DNSCs and DISCs had a stronger ability in supporting neurite outgrowth than NSC and ISC. We found through proteomics that decellularization could remove proteins associated with inflammatory responses, scarring, and other pathological factors, while completely retaining the ECM proteins. Conclusions Taken together, our findings demonstrate decellularization can optimize the imbalanced microenvironment after SCI by removing components that inhibit spinal cord regeneration, providing a theoretical basis for clinical application of acellular tissue transplantation to repair SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxia Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jianghong Shangguan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Parizat Askar
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jinghui Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hualin Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Songlin Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Changlai Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wenfeng Su
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yun Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Efficacy of Nerve-Derived Hydrogels to Promote Axon Regeneration Is Influenced by the Method of Tissue Decellularization. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158746. [PMID: 35955880 PMCID: PMC9369339 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Injuries to large peripheral nerves are often associated with tissue defects and require reconstruction using autologous nerve grafts, which have limited availability and result in donor site morbidity. Peripheral nerve-derived hydrogels could potentially supplement or even replace these grafts. In this study, three decellularization protocols based on the ionic detergents sodium dodecyl sulfate (P1) and sodium deoxycholate (P2), or the organic solvent tri-n-butyl phosphate (P3), were used to prepare hydrogels. All protocols resulted in significantly decreased amounts of genomic DNA, but the P2 hydrogel showed the best preservation of extracellular matrix proteins, cytokines, and chemokines, and reduced levels of sulfated glycosaminoglycans. In vitro P1 and P2 hydrogels supported Schwann cell viability, secretion of VEGF, and neurite outgrowth. Surgical repair of a 10 mm-long rat sciatic nerve gap was performed by implantation of tubular polycaprolactone conduits filled with hydrogels followed by analyses using diffusion tensor imaging and immunostaining for neuronal and glial markers. The results demonstrated that the P2 hydrogel considerably increased the number of axons and the distance of regeneration into the distal nerve stump. In summary, the method used to decellularize nerve tissue affects the efficacy of the resulting hydrogels to support regeneration after nerve injury.
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Insights into the use of genetically modified decellularized biomaterials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 188:114413. [PMID: 35777666 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Various modifications have been performed on biomaterials to improve their applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, the challenges of immunogenicity and biocompatibility existed since the application of biomaterials. As a method to solve this problem, the decellularization process removes most living cells from biomaterials to minimize their immunogenicity; and preserves the native structures and compositions that favour cell growth and the subsequent construction of functional tissue. On the other hand, genetic modification of biomaterials aims to achieve specific functions (low immunogenicity, osteogenesis, etc.) or analyse the genetic mechanisms underlying some diseases (cardiac dysfunction, liver fibrosis, etc.). The combination of decellularization and gene modification is highly superior to biomaterials; thus, we must obtain a deeper understanding of these novel biomaterials. In this review, we summarize the fabrication approaches and current applications of genetically modified decellularized biomaterials and then discuss their disadvantages and corresponding future perspectives.
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Gregory E, Baek IH, Ala-Kokko N, Dugan R, Pinzon-Herrera L, Almodóvar J, Song YH. Peripheral Nerve Decellularization for In Vitro Extracellular Matrix Hydrogel Use: A Comparative Study. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:2574-2588. [PMID: 35649243 PMCID: PMC9983633 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The rise of tissue-engineered biomaterials has introduced more clinically translatable models of disease, including three-dimensional (3D) decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) hydrogels. Specifically, decellularized nerve hydrogels have been utilized to model peripheral nerve injuries and disorders in vitro; however, there lacks standardization in decellularization methods. Here, rat sciatic nerves of varying preparations were decellularized using previously established methods: sodium deoxycholate (SD)-based, 3-((3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio)-1-propanesulfonate (CHAPS)-based, and apoptosis-mediated. These nerves were characterized for cellular debris removal, ECM retention, and low cytotoxicity with cultured Schwann cells. The best preparations of each decellularization method were digested into dECM hydrogels, and rheological characterization, gelation kinetics, and confocal reflectance imaging of collagen fibril assembly were performed. It was determined that the SD-based method with nerve epineurial removal best maintained the overall ECM composition and mechanical properties of physiological peripheral nerves while efficiently stripping the scaffolds of tissue-specific cells and debris. This method was then utilized as a culture platform for quiescent Schwann cells and cancer-nerve crosstalk. Hydrogel-embedded Schwann cells were found to have high viability and act in a more physiologically relevant manner than those cultured in monolayers, and the hydrogel platform allowed for the activation of Schwann cells following treatment with cancer secreted factors. These findings establish a standard for peripheral nerve decellularization for usage as a dECM hydrogel testbed for in vitro peripheral nerve disease modeling and may facilitate the development of treatments for peripheral nerve disease and injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emory Gregory
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - In Ha Baek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Nikolas Ala-Kokko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Reagan Dugan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Luis Pinzon-Herrera
- Ralph E. Martin Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Jorge Almodóvar
- Ralph E. Martin Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Young Hye Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
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21
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Zhang CY, Fu CP, Li XY, Lu XC, Hu LG, Kankala RK, Wang SB, Chen AZ. Three-Dimensional Bioprinting of Decellularized Extracellular Matrix-Based Bioinks for Tissue Engineering. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27113442. [PMID: 35684380 PMCID: PMC9182049 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is one of the most promising additive manufacturing technologies for fabricating various biomimetic architectures of tissues and organs. In this context, the bioink, a critical element for biofabrication, is a mixture of biomaterials and living cells used in 3D printing to create cell-laden structures. Recently, decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM)-based bioinks derived from natural tissues have garnered enormous attention from researchers due to their unique and complex biochemical properties. This review initially presents the details of the natural ECM and its role in cell growth and metabolism. Further, we briefly emphasize the commonly used decellularization treatment procedures and subsequent evaluations for the quality control of the dECM. In addition, we summarize some of the common bioink preparation strategies, the 3D bioprinting approaches, and the applicability of 3D-printed dECM bioinks to tissue engineering. Finally, we present some of the challenges in this field and the prospects for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yang Zhang
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; (C.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.L.); (X.-C.L.); (L.-G.H.); (R.K.K.); (S.-B.W.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Chao-Ping Fu
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; (C.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.L.); (X.-C.L.); (L.-G.H.); (R.K.K.); (S.-B.W.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
- Correspondence: (C.-P.F.); (A.-Z.C.)
| | - Xiong-Ya Li
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; (C.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.L.); (X.-C.L.); (L.-G.H.); (R.K.K.); (S.-B.W.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xiao-Chang Lu
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; (C.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.L.); (X.-C.L.); (L.-G.H.); (R.K.K.); (S.-B.W.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Long-Ge Hu
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; (C.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.L.); (X.-C.L.); (L.-G.H.); (R.K.K.); (S.-B.W.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Ranjith Kumar Kankala
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; (C.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.L.); (X.-C.L.); (L.-G.H.); (R.K.K.); (S.-B.W.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Shi-Bin Wang
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; (C.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.L.); (X.-C.L.); (L.-G.H.); (R.K.K.); (S.-B.W.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Ai-Zheng Chen
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; (C.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.L.); (X.-C.L.); (L.-G.H.); (R.K.K.); (S.-B.W.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
- Correspondence: (C.-P.F.); (A.-Z.C.)
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22
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Pedroza-Montoya FE, Tamez-Mata YA, Simental-Mendía M, Soto-Domínguez A, García-Pérez MM, Said-Fernández S, Montes-de-Oca-Luna R, González-Flores JR, Martínez-Rodríguez HG, Vilchez-Cavazos F. Repair of ovine peripheral nerve injuries with xenogeneic human acellular sciatic nerves prerecellularized with allogeneic Schwann-like cells-an innovative and promising approach. Regen Ther 2022; 19:131-143. [PMID: 35229011 PMCID: PMC8850753 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2022.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The iatrogenic effects of repairing peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) with autografts (AGTs) encouraged the present study to involve a new approach consisting of grafting xenogeneic prerecellularized allogeneic cells instead of AGTs. METHODS We compared sheep's AGT regenerative and functional capacity with decellularized human nerves prerecellularized with allogeneic Schwann-like cell xenografts (onwards called xenografts). Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from ovine adipose tissue and induced in vitro to differentiate into Schwann-like cells (SLCs). Xenografts were grafted in ovine sciatic nerves. Left sciatic nerves (20 mm) were excised from 10 sheep. Then, five sheep were grafted with 20 mm xenografts, and five were reimplanted with their nerve segment rotated 180° (AGT). RESULTS All sheep treated with xenografts or AGT progressively recovered the strength, movement, and coordination of their intervened limb, which was still partial when the study was finished at sixth month postsurgery. At this time, numerous intrafascicular axons were observed in the distal and proximal graft extremes of both xenografts or AGTs, and submaximal nerve electrical conduction was observed. The xenografts and AGT-affected muscles appeared partially stunted. CONCLUSIONS Xenografts and AGT were equally efficacious in starting PNI repair and justified further studies using longer observation times. The hallmarks from this study are that human xenogeneic acellular scaffolds were recellularized with allogenic SCL and were not rejected by the nonhuman receptors but were also as functional as AGT within a relatively short time postsurgery. Thus, this innovative approach promises to be more practical and accessible than AGT or allogenic allografts and safer than AGT for PNI repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia-E. Pedroza-Montoya
- Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon (UANL), Medicine School, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Av. Madero and Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño S/N Col. Mitras Centro, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon C.P 64460, Mexico
| | - Yadira-A. Tamez-Mata
- UANL, Medicine School and University Hospital “Dr. José Eleuterio González”, Orthopedics and Traumatology Service, Av. Madero and Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño S/N Col. Mitras Centro, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon C.P 64460, Mexico
| | - Mario Simental-Mendía
- UANL, Medicine School and University Hospital “Dr. José Eleuterio González”, Orthopedics and Traumatology Service, Av. Madero and Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño S/N Col. Mitras Centro, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon C.P 64460, Mexico
| | - Adolfo Soto-Domínguez
- UANL, Medicine School, Department of Histology, Av. Madero and Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño S/N Col. Mitras Centro, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon C.P 64460, Mexico
| | - Mauricio-M. García-Pérez
- UANL, Medicine School and University Hospital “Dr. José. Eleuterio González” Service of Plastic Surgery, Av. Madero and Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño S/N Col. Mitras Centro, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon C.P 64460, Mexico
| | - Salvador Said-Fernández
- Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon (UANL), Medicine School, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Av. Madero and Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño S/N Col. Mitras Centro, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon C.P 64460, Mexico
| | - Roberto Montes-de-Oca-Luna
- UANL, Medicine School, Department of Histology, Av. Madero and Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño S/N Col. Mitras Centro, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon C.P 64460, Mexico
| | - José-R. González-Flores
- UANL, Medicine School and University Hospital “Dr. José. Eleuterio González” Service of Plastic Surgery, Av. Madero and Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño S/N Col. Mitras Centro, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon C.P 64460, Mexico
| | - Herminia-G. Martínez-Rodríguez
- Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon (UANL), Medicine School, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Av. Madero and Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño S/N Col. Mitras Centro, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon C.P 64460, Mexico
| | - Félix Vilchez-Cavazos
- UANL, Medicine School and University Hospital “Dr. José Eleuterio González”, Orthopedics and Traumatology Service, Av. Madero and Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño S/N Col. Mitras Centro, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon C.P 64460, Mexico
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23
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Liu C, Pei M, Li Q, Zhang Y. Decellularized extracellular matrix mediates tissue construction and regeneration. Front Med 2022; 16:56-82. [PMID: 34962624 PMCID: PMC8976706 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-021-0900-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Contributing to organ formation and tissue regeneration, extracellular matrix (ECM) constituents provide tissue with three-dimensional (3D) structural integrity and cellular-function regulation. Containing the crucial traits of the cellular microenvironment, ECM substitutes mediate cell-matrix interactions to prompt stem-cell proliferation and differentiation for 3D organoid construction in vitro or tissue regeneration in vivo. However, these ECMs are often applied generically and have yet to be extensively developed for specific cell types in 3D cultures. Cultured cells also produce rich ECM, particularly stromal cells. Cellular ECM improves 3D culture development in vitro and tissue remodeling during wound healing after implantation into the host as well. Gaining better insight into ECM derived from either tissue or cells that regulate 3D tissue reconstruction or organ regeneration helps us to select, produce, and implant the most suitable ECM and thus promote 3D organoid culture and tissue remodeling for in vivo regeneration. Overall, the decellularization methodologies and tissue/cell-derived ECM as scaffolds or cellular-growth supplements used in cell propagation and differentiation for 3D tissue culture in vitro are discussed. Moreover, current preclinical applications by which ECM components modulate the wound-healing process are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanqi Liu
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Ming Pei
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA.
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24
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Development of decellularization protocol for caprine small intestine submucosa as a biomaterial. BIOMATERIALS AND BIOSYSTEMS 2021; 5:100035. [PMID: 36825113 PMCID: PMC9934478 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbiosy.2021.100035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Decellularized animal tissues have been proven to be promising biomaterials for various tissue engineering (TE) applications. Among various animal tissues, small intestine submucosa (SIS) has gained attention of many researchers due to its easy availability from the abattoir waste, excellent physicochemical and biological characteristics of a good biomaterial. In this study, Caprine SIS was decellularized to get decellularized caprine SIS (DG-SIS). For decellularization, several physical, chemical and enzymatic protocols have been described in the literature. To optimize the decellularization of caprine SIS, several decellularization protocol (DP), including an in-house developed by us, had been attempted, and effect of the different DPs on the obtained DG-SIS were assessed in terms of decellularization, physiochemical and biological properties. All the DPs differ in terms of decellularization, but three DPs where ionic detergent like sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) has been used, largely affect the native composition (e.g. glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)), biological properties and other physiochemical properties of the G-SIS as compared to the DP that uses hypertonic solution of potassium iodide (KI) and non-ionic detergent (TritonX-100). The obtained DG-SISs were fibrous, hemocompatible, biocompatible, hydrophilic, biodegradable and exhibited significant antibacterial activity. Therefore, the DG-SIS will be a prospective biomaterial for TE applications.
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25
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Prest TA, Meder TJ, Skillen CD, Marchal L, Soletti L, Gardner PA, Cheetham J, Brown BN. Safety and efficacy of an injectable nerve-specific hydrogel in a rodent crush injury model. Muscle Nerve 2021; 65:247-255. [PMID: 34738250 DOI: 10.1002/mus.27455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/AIMS While the peripheral nervous system has the inherent ability to recover following injury, results are often unsatisfactory, resulting in permanent functional deficits and disability. Therefore, methods that enhance regeneration are of significant interest. The present study investigates an injectable nerve-tissue-specific hydrogel as a biomaterial for nerve regeneration in a rat nerve crush model. METHODS Nerve-specific hydrogels were injected into the subepineurial space in both uninjured and crushed sciatic nerves of rats to assess safety and efficacy, respectively. The animals were followed longitudinally for 12 wk using sciatic functional index and kinematic measures. At 12 wk, electrophysiologic examination was also performed, followed by nerve and muscle histologic assessment. RESULTS When the hydrogel was injected into an uninjured nerve, no differences in sciatic functional index, kinematic function, or axon counts were observed. A slight reduction in muscle fiber diameter was observed in the hydrogel-injected animals, but overall muscle area and kinematic function were not affected. Hydrogel injection following nerve crush injury resulted in multiple modest improvements in sciatic functional index and kinematic function with an earlier return to normal function observed in the hydrogel treated animals as compared to untreated controls. While no improvements in supramaximal compound motor action potential were observed in hydrogel treated animals, increased axon counts were observed on histologic assessment. DISCUSSION These improvements in functional and histologic outcomes in a rapidly and fully recovering model suggest that injection of a nerve-specific hydrogel is safe and has the potential to improve outcomes following nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis A Prest
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tyler J Meder
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Clint D Skillen
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lucile Marchal
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Paul A Gardner
- Renerva, LLC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jonathan Cheetham
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Renerva, LLC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Bryan N Brown
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Renerva, LLC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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26
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Nelson DW, Gilbert RJ. Extracellular Matrix-Mimetic Hydrogels for Treating Neural Tissue Injury: A Focus on Fibrin, Hyaluronic Acid, and Elastin-Like Polypeptide Hydrogels. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2101329. [PMID: 34494398 PMCID: PMC8599642 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Neurological and functional recovery is limited following central nervous system injury and severe injury to the peripheral nervous system. Extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimetic hydrogels are of particular interest as regenerative scaffolds for the injured nervous system as they provide 3D bioactive interfaces that modulate cellular response to the injury environment and provide naturally degradable scaffolding for effective tissue remodeling. In this review, three unique ECM-mimetic hydrogels used in models of neural injury are reviewed: fibrin hydrogels, which rely on a naturally occurring enzymatic gelation, hyaluronic acid hydrogels, which require chemical modification prior to chemical crosslinking, and elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) hydrogels, which exhibit a temperature-sensitive gelation. The hydrogels are reviewed by summarizing their unique biological properties, their use as drug depots, and their combination with other biomaterials, such as electrospun fibers and nanoparticles. This review is the first to focus on these three ECM-mimetic hydrogels for their use in neural tissue engineering. Additionally, this is the first review to summarize the use of ELP hydrogels for nervous system applications. ECM-mimetic hydrogels have shown great promise in preclinical models of neural injury and future advancements in their design and use can likely lead to viable treatments for patients with neural injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek W Nelson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th St, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Ryan J Gilbert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th St, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
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27
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Parker BJ, Rhodes DI, O'Brien CM, Rodda AE, Cameron NR. Nerve guidance conduit development for primary treatment of peripheral nerve transection injuries: A commercial perspective. Acta Biomater 2021; 135:64-86. [PMID: 34492374 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Commercial nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) for repair of peripheral nerve discontinuities are of little use in gaps larger than 30 mm, and for smaller gaps they often fail to compete with the autografts that they are designed to replace. While recent research to develop new technologies for use in NGCs has produced many advanced designs with seemingly positive functional outcomes in animal models, these advances have not been translated into viable clinical products. While there have been many detailed reviews of the technologies available for creating NGCs, none of these have focussed on the requirements of the commercialisation process which are vital to ensure the translation of a technology from bench to clinic. Consideration of the factors essential for commercial viability, including regulatory clearance, reimbursement processes, manufacturability and scale up, and quality management early in the design process is vital in giving new technologies the best chance at achieving real-world impact. Here we have attempted to summarise the major components to consider during the development of emerging NGC technologies as a guide for those looking to develop new technology in this domain. We also examine a selection of the latest academic developments from the viewpoint of clinical translation, and discuss areas where we believe further work would be most likely to bring new NGC technologies to the clinic. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: NGCs for peripheral nerve repairs represent an adaptable foundation with potential to incorporate modifications to improve nerve regeneration outcomes. In this review we outline the regulatory processes that functionally distinct NGCs may need to address and explore new modifications and the complications that may need to be addressed during the translation process from bench to clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradyn J Parker
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, 22 Alliance Lane, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Manufacturing, Research Way, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - David I Rhodes
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, 22 Alliance Lane, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; ReNerve Pty. Ltd., Brunswick East 3057, Australia
| | - Carmel M O'Brien
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Manufacturing, Research Way, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia; Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Science, Technology, Research and innovation Precinct (STRIP), Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Andrew E Rodda
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, 22 Alliance Lane, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Neil R Cameron
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, 22 Alliance Lane, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.
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28
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Effect of sterilization methods on the mechanical stability and extracellular matrix constituents of decellularized brain tissues. J Supercrit Fluids 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2021.105299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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29
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Vasanthan KS, Srinivasan V, Pandita D. Extracellular matrix extraction techniques and applications in biomedical engineering. Regen Med 2021; 16:775-802. [PMID: 34427104 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2021-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of tissue engineering involves regeneration and repair of damaged tissue and organs using various combinations of cells, growth factors and scaffolds. The extracellular matrix (ECM) forms the integral part of the scaffold to induce cell proliferation thereby leading to new tissue formation. Decellularization technique provides decellularized ECM (dECM), free of cells while preserving the in vivo biomolecules. In this review, we focus on the detailed methodology of diverse decellularization techniques for various organs of different animals, and the biomedical applications employing the dECM. A culmination of different methods of decellularization is optimized, which offers a suitable microenvironment mimicking the native in vivo topography for in vitro organ regeneration. A detailed assessment of the dECM provides information on the microarchitecture, presence of ECM proteins, biocompatibility and cell proliferation. dECM has also been processed as scaffolds and drug-delivery vehicles, and utilized for regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirthanashri S Vasanthan
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, 201313, India
| | | | - Deepti Pandita
- Delhi Pharmaceutical Science & Research University, Government of NCT of Delhi, New Delhi, 110017, India
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30
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García-García ÓD, El Soury M, González-Quevedo D, Sánchez-Porras D, Chato-Astrain J, Campos F, Carriel V. Histological, Biomechanical, and Biological Properties of Genipin-Crosslinked Decellularized Peripheral Nerves. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020674. [PMID: 33445493 PMCID: PMC7826762 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acellular nerve allografts (ANGs) represent a promising alternative in nerve repair. Our aim is to improve the structural and biomechanical properties of biocompatible Sondell (SD) and Roosens (RS) based ANGs using genipin (GP) as a crosslinker agent ex vivo. The impact of two concentrations of GP (0.10% and 0.25%) on Wistar rat sciatic nerve-derived ANGs was assessed at the histological, biomechanical, and biocompatibility levels. Histology confirmed the differences between SD and RS procedures, but not remarkable changes were induced by GP, which helped to preserve the nerve histological pattern. Tensile test revealed that GP enhanced the biomechanical properties of SD and RS ANGs, being the crosslinked RS ANGs more comparable to the native nerves used as control. The evaluation of the ANGs biocompatibility conducted with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells cultured within the ANGs confirmed a high degree of biocompatibility in all ANGs, especially in RS and RS-GP 0.10% ANGs. Finally, this study demonstrates that the use of GP could be an efficient alternative to improve the biomechanical properties of ANGs with a slight impact on the biocompatibility and histological pattern. For these reasons, we hypothesize that our novel crosslinked ANGs could be a suitable alternative for future in vivo preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar Darío García-García
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (Ó.D.G.-G.); (M.E.S.); (D.G.-Q.); (D.S.-P.); (J.C.-A.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Doctoral Program in Biomedicine, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Marwa El Soury
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (Ó.D.G.-G.); (M.E.S.); (D.G.-Q.); (D.S.-P.); (J.C.-A.)
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences and Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - David González-Quevedo
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (Ó.D.G.-G.); (M.E.S.); (D.G.-Q.); (D.S.-P.); (J.C.-A.)
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - David Sánchez-Porras
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (Ó.D.G.-G.); (M.E.S.); (D.G.-Q.); (D.S.-P.); (J.C.-A.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Jesús Chato-Astrain
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (Ó.D.G.-G.); (M.E.S.); (D.G.-Q.); (D.S.-P.); (J.C.-A.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Fernando Campos
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (Ó.D.G.-G.); (M.E.S.); (D.G.-Q.); (D.S.-P.); (J.C.-A.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (V.C.)
| | - Víctor Carriel
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (Ó.D.G.-G.); (M.E.S.); (D.G.-Q.); (D.S.-P.); (J.C.-A.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (V.C.)
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Bai YR, Lai BQ, Han WT, Sun JH, Li G, Ding Y, Zeng X, Ma YH, Zeng YS. Decellularized optic nerve functional scaffold transplant facilitates directional axon regeneration and remyelination in the injured white matter of the rat spinal cord. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:2276-2283. [PMID: 33818513 PMCID: PMC8354131 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.310696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Axon regeneration and remyelination of the damaged region is the most common repair strategy for spinal cord injury. However, achieving good outcome remains difficult. Our previous study showed that porcine decellularized optic nerve better mimics the extracellular matrix of the embryonic porcine optic nerve and promotes the directional growth of dorsal root ganglion neurites. However, it has not been reported whether this material promotes axonal regeneration in vivo. In the present study, a porcine decellularized optic nerve was seeded with neurotrophin-3-overexpressing Schwann cells. This functional scaffold promoted the directional growth and remyelination of regenerating axons. In vitro, the porcine decellularized optic nerve contained many straight, longitudinal channels with a uniform distribution, and microscopic pores were present in the channel wall. The spatial micro topological structure and extracellular matrix were conducive to the adhesion, survival and migration of neural stem cells. The scaffold promoted the directional growth of dorsal root ganglion neurites, and showed strong potential for myelin regeneration. Furthermore, we transplanted the porcine decellularized optic nerve containing neurotrophin-3-overexpressing Schwann cells in a rat model of T10 spinal cord defect in vivo. Four weeks later, the regenerating axons grew straight, the myelin sheath in the injured/transplanted area recovered its structure, and simultaneously, the number of inflammatory cells and the expression of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans were reduced. Together, these findings suggest that porcine decellularized optic nerve loaded with Schwann cells overexpressing neurotrophin-3 promotes the directional growth of regenerating spinal cord axons as well as myelin regeneration. All procedures involving animals were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Sun Yat-sen University (approval No. SYSU-IACUC-2019-B034) on February 28, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Rong Bai
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education; Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bi-Qin Lai
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education; Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province; Institute of Spinal Cord Injury; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei-Tao Han
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education; Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jia-Hui Sun
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education; Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ge Li
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education; Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ying Ding
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education; Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine; Institute of Spinal Cord Injury; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiang Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education; Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine; Institute of Spinal Cord Injury; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuan-Huan Ma
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education; Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine; Institute of Spinal Cord Injury; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuan-Shan Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education; Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province; Institute of Spinal Cord Injury; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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Jiang Y, Li R, Han C, Huang L. Extracellular matrix grafts: From preparation to application (Review). Int J Mol Med 2020; 47:463-474. [PMID: 33416123 PMCID: PMC7797433 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the increasing emergency of traffic accidents and the unsatisfactory outcome of surgical intervention are driving research to seek a novel technology to repair traumatic soft tissue injury. From this perspective, decellularized matrix grafts (ECM-G) including natural ECM materials, and their prepared hydrogels and bioscaffolds, have emerged as possible alternatives for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Over the past decades, several physical and chemical decellularization methods have been used extensively to deal with different tissues/organs in an attempt to carefully remove cellular antigens while maintaining the non-immunogenic ECM components. It is anticipated that when the decellularized biomaterials are seeded with cells in vitro or incorporated into irregularly shaped defects in vivo, they can provide the appropriate biomechanical and biochemical conditions for directing cell behavior and tissue remodeling. The aim of this review is to first summarize the characteristics of ECM-G and describe their major decellularization methods from different sources, followed by analysis of how the bioactive factors and undesired residual cellular compositions influence the biologic function and host tissue response following implantation. Lastly, we also provide an overview of the in vivoapplication of ECM-G in facilitating tissue repair and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Jiang
- Science and Education Management Center, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315700, P.R. China
| | - Rui Li
- Science and Education Management Center, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315700, P.R. China
| | - Chunchan Han
- Science and Education Management Center, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315700, P.R. China
| | - Lijiang Huang
- Science and Education Management Center, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315700, P.R. China
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Sun JH, Li G, Wu TT, Lin ZJ, Zou JL, Huang LJ, Xu HY, Wang JH, Ma YH, Zeng YS. Decellularization optimizes the inhibitory microenvironment of the optic nerve to support neurite growth. Biomaterials 2020; 258:120289. [PMID: 32814215 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Allogeneic or homologous tissue transplantation is an effective strategy to repair tissue injury. However, the central nervous tissues like the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerve are not ideal materials for nervous tissue regeneration due to the excessive axonal inhibitor cues in their microenvironments. In the present study, we found that decellularization optimizes the function of the adult optic nerve in supporting the oriented outgrowth of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurites. The neurites growing on the decellularized optic nerve (DON) showed longer extension distances than those growing on the normal optic nerve (ON). Neurite branching was also significantly increased on the DON compared to on the ON. Decellularization selectively removed some axon-inhibitory molecules such as myelin-associated glycoprotein (basically not detected in DON) and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (detected in DON at a level less than 0.3 fold that in ON) and preserved some axon-promoted extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, including collagen IV and laminin (detected at levels 6.0-fold higher in DON than in ON). Furthermore, collagen IV and laminin were shown to be preserved in DON, and their binding activities with integrin α1 were retained to promote the extension of DRG neurites. Together, the findings provide a feasible way to optimize the axon-inhibited microenvironment of central nervous tissues and establish a theoretical basis for the application of DON scaffolds in repairing central nervous injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hui Sun
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ge Li
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Institute of Spinal Cord Injury, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Ting-Ting Wu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zi-Jing Lin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jian-Long Zou
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Function and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Li-Jun Huang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hao-Yu Xu
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jun-Hua Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuan-Huan Ma
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuan-Shan Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Institute of Spinal Cord Injury, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Development of vascularized nerve scaffold using perfusion-decellularization and recellularization. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 117:111311. [PMID: 32919672 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vascularized nerve grafts (VNG) may offer an advantage in peripheral nerve regeneration by avoiding ischemic damage and central necrosis observed in non-VNG, particularly for the treatment of large and long nerve defects. However, surgical complexity, donor site morbidity and limited nerve availability remain important drawbacks for the clinical use of VNG. Here we explore the potential of perfusion-decellularization for bioengineering a VNG to be used in peripheral nerve reconstruction. METHODS Porcine sciatic nerves were surgically procured along with their vascular pedicle attached. The specimens were decellularized via perfusion-decellularization and preservation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), vascular patency and tissue cytokine contents were examined. Scaffold reendothelialization was conducted with porcine aortic endothelial cells in a perfusion-bioreactor. RESULTS Morphologic examination of decellularized VNG and analysis of the DNA content demonstrated cell clearance whereas ECM content and structures of the nerve fascicles were preserved. Using 3D micro-computed tomography imaging we observed optimal vasculature preservation in decellularized scaffolds, down to the capillary level. Cytokine quantification demonstrated measurable levels of growth factors after decellularization. Endothelial cell engraftment of the large caliber vessels was observed in reendothelialized scaffolds. CONCLUSIONS In this study we provide evidence that perfusion-decellularization can be used to create vascularized nerve scaffolds in which the vasculature and the ECM component are well preserved. As compared to non-vascularized conduits, engineered vascularized nerve scaffolds may represent an ideal approach for promoting better nerve regeneration in larger nerve defect reconstructions.
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Chato-Astrain J, Philips C, Campos F, Durand-Herrera D, García-García OD, Roosens A, Alaminos M, Campos A, Carriel V. Detergent-based decellularized peripheral nerve allografts: An in vivo preclinical study in the rat sciatic nerve injury model. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 14:789-806. [PMID: 32293801 DOI: 10.1002/term.3043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nerve autograft is the gold standard technique to repair critical nerve defects, but efficient alternatives are needed. The present study evaluated the suitability of our novel Roosens-based (RSN) decellularized peripheral nerve allografts (DPNAs) in the repair of 10-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats at the functional and histological levels after 12 weeks. These DPNAs were compared with the autograft technique (AUTO) and Sondell (SD) or Hudson (HD) based DPNAs. Clinical and functional assessments demonstrated a partial regeneration in all operated animals. RSN-based DPNAs results were comparable with SD and HD groups and closely comparable with the AUTO group without significant differences (p > .05). Overall hematological studies confirmed the biocompatibility of grafted DPNAs. In addition, biochemistry revealed some signs of muscle affection in all operated animals. These results were confirmed by the loss of weight and volume of the muscle and by muscle histology, especially in DPNAs. Histology of repaired nerves confirmed an active nerve tissue regeneration and partial myelination along with the implanted grafts, being the results obtained with HD and RSN-based DPNAs comparable with the AUTO group. Finally, this in vivo study suggests that our novel RSN-based DPNAs supported a comparable tissue regeneration, along the 10-mm nerve gap, after 12-week follow-up to HD DPNAs, and both were superior to SD group and closely comparable with autograft technique. However, further improvements are needed to overcome the efficacy of the nerve autograft technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Chato-Astrain
- Department of Histology, Tissue Engineering Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain.,Doctoral program in Biomedicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Charlot Philips
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fernando Campos
- Department of Histology, Tissue Engineering Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Daniel Durand-Herrera
- Department of Histology, Tissue Engineering Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Oscar D García-García
- Department of Histology, Tissue Engineering Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Annelies Roosens
- School of Technology, Chemistry, Odisee University College, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Miguel Alaminos
- Department of Histology, Tissue Engineering Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Campos
- Department of Histology, Tissue Engineering Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Victor Carriel
- Department of Histology, Tissue Engineering Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
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