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Ellison S, Parker H, Bigger B. Advances in therapies for neurological lysosomal storage disorders. J Inherit Metab Dis 2023; 46:874-905. [PMID: 37078180 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomal Storage Disorders (LSDs) are a diverse group of inherited, monogenic diseases caused by functional defects in specific lysosomal proteins. The lysosome is a cellular organelle that plays a critical role in catabolism of waste products and recycling of macromolecules in the body. Disruption to the normal function of the lysosome can result in the toxic accumulation of storage products, often leading to irreparable cellular damage and organ dysfunction followed by premature death. The majority of LSDs have no curative treatment, with many clinical subtypes presenting in early infancy and childhood. Over two-thirds of LSDs present with progressive neurodegeneration, often in combination with other debilitating peripheral symptoms. Consequently, there is a pressing unmet clinical need to develop new therapeutic interventions to treat these conditions. The blood-brain barrier is a crucial hurdle that needs to be overcome in order to effectively treat the central nervous system (CNS), adding considerable complexity to therapeutic design and delivery. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) treatments aimed at either direct injection into the brain, or using blood-brain barrier constructs are discussed, alongside more conventional substrate reduction and other drug-related therapies. Other promising strategies developed in recent years, include gene therapy technologies specifically tailored for more effectively targeting treatment to the CNS. Here, we discuss the most recent advances in CNS-targeted treatments for neurological LSDs with a particular emphasis on gene therapy-based modalities, such as Adeno-Associated Virus and haematopoietic stem cell gene therapy approaches that encouragingly, at the time of writing are being evaluated in LSD clinical trials in increasing numbers. If safety, efficacy and improved quality of life can be demonstrated, these therapies have the potential to be the new standard of care treatments for LSD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ellison
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - H Parker
- Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - B Bigger
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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2
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Pericleous K, McIntyre C, Fuller M. Neurocognitive testing in a murine model of mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2023; 36:100985. [PMID: 37332488 PMCID: PMC10276283 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2023.100985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA (MPS IIIA) is an inherited metabolic disorder caused by a lysosomal enzyme deficiency resulting in heparan sulphate (HS) accumulation and manifests with a progressive neurodegenerative phenotype. A naturally occurring MPS IIIA mouse model is invaluable for preclinical evaluation of potential treatments but the ability to effectively assess neurological function has proved challenging. Here, the aim was to evaluate a set of behaviour tests for their reliability in assessing disease progression in the MPS IIIA mouse model. Compared to wild-type (WT) mice, MPS IIIA mice displayed memory and learning deficits in the water crossmaze from mid-stage disease and locomotor impairment in the hind-limb gait assessment at late-stage disease, supporting previous findings. Declined wellbeing was also observed in the MPS IIIA mice via burrowing and nest building evaluation at late-stage disease compared to WT mice, mirroring the progressive nature of neurological disease. Excessive HS accumulation observed in the MPS IIIA mouse brain from 1 month of age did not appear to manifest as abnormal behaviours until at least 6 months of age suggesting there may be a threshold of HS accumulation before measurable neurocognitive decline. Results obtained from the open field and three-chamber sociability test are inconsistent with previous studies and do not reflect MPS IIIA patient disease progression, suggesting these assessments are not reliable. In conclusion, water cross-maze, hind-limb gait, nest building and burrowing, are promising assessments in the MPS IIIA mouse model, which produce consistent results that mimic the human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kleopatra Pericleous
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology at Women's and Children's Hospital, 72 King William Road, North Adelaide 5006, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Chantelle McIntyre
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology at Women's and Children's Hospital, 72 King William Road, North Adelaide 5006, Australia
| | - Maria Fuller
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology at Women's and Children's Hospital, 72 King William Road, North Adelaide 5006, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia
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3
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Critchley BJ, Gaspar HB, Benedetti S. Targeting the central nervous system in lysosomal storage diseases: Strategies to deliver therapeutics across the blood-brain barrier. Mol Ther 2023; 31:657-675. [PMID: 36457248 PMCID: PMC10014236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are multisystem inherited metabolic disorders caused by dysfunctional lysosomal activity, resulting in the accumulation of undegraded macromolecules in a variety of organs/tissues, including the central nervous system (CNS). Treatments include enzyme replacement therapy, stem/progenitor cell transplantation, and in vivo gene therapy. However, these treatments are not fully effective in treating the CNS as neither enzymes, stem cells, nor viral vectors efficiently cross the blood-brain barrier. Here, we review the latest advancements in improving delivery of different therapeutic agents to the CNS and comment upon outstanding questions in the field of neurological LSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethan J Critchley
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Research & Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Zayed Centre for Research, London WC1N 1DZ, UK
| | - H Bobby Gaspar
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Research & Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Zayed Centre for Research, London WC1N 1DZ, UK; Orchard Therapeutics Ltd., London EC4N 6EU, UK
| | - Sara Benedetti
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Research & Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Zayed Centre for Research, London WC1N 1DZ, UK; NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK.
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4
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Chen YH, Tian W, Yasuda M, Ye Z, Song M, Mandel U, Kristensen C, Povolo L, Marques ARA, Čaval T, Heck AJR, Sampaio JL, Johannes L, Tsukimura T, Desnick R, Vakhrushev SY, Yang Z, Clausen H. A universal GlycoDesign for lysosomal replacement enzymes to improve circulation time and biodistribution. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1128371. [PMID: 36911201 PMCID: PMC9999025 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1128371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently available enzyme replacement therapies for lysosomal storage diseases are limited in their effectiveness due in part to short circulation times and suboptimal biodistribution of the therapeutic enzymes. We previously engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells to produce α-galactosidase A (GLA) with various N-glycan structures and demonstrated that elimination of mannose-6-phosphate (M6P) and conversion to homogeneous sialylated N-glycans prolonged circulation time and improved biodistribution of the enzyme following a single-dose infusion into Fabry mice. Here, we confirmed these findings using repeated infusions of the glycoengineered GLA into Fabry mice and further tested whether this glycoengineering approach, Long-Acting-GlycoDesign (LAGD), could be implemented on other lysosomal enzymes. LAGD-engineered CHO cells stably expressing a panel of lysosomal enzymes [aspartylglucosamine (AGA), beta-glucuronidase (GUSB), cathepsin D (CTSD), tripeptidyl peptidase (TPP1), alpha-glucosidase (GAA) or iduronate 2-sulfatase (IDS)] successfully converted all M6P-containing N-glycans to complex sialylated N-glycans. The resulting homogenous glycodesigns enabled glycoprotein profiling by native mass spectrometry. Notably, LAGD extended the plasma half-life of all three enzymes tested (GLA, GUSB, AGA) in wildtype mice. LAGD may be widely applicable to lysosomal replacement enzymes to improve their circulatory stability and therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Hsi Chen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,GlycoDisplay ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Weihua Tian
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Makiko Yasuda
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Zilu Ye
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Proteomics Program, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ming Song
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulla Mandel
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Lorenzo Povolo
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Tomislav Čaval
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Science4Life, Utrecht University and Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Albert J R Heck
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Science4Life, Utrecht University and Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Julio Lopes Sampaio
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Cellular and Chemical Biology, U1143 INSERM, UMR3666 CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Ludger Johannes
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Cellular and Chemical Biology, U1143 INSERM, UMR3666 CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Takahiro Tsukimura
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Functional Bioanalysis, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Robert Desnick
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sergey Y Vakhrushev
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zhang Yang
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk AS, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Clausen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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5
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Magat J, Jones S, Baridon B, Agrawal V, Wong H, Giaramita A, Mangini L, Handyside B, Vitelli C, Parker M, Yeung N, Zhou Y, Pungor E, Slabodkin I, Gorostiza O, Aguilera A, Lo MJ, Alcozie S, Christianson TM, Tiger PM, Vincelette J, Fong S, Gil G, Hague C, Lawrence R, Wendt DJ, Lebowitz JH, Bunting S, Bullens S, Crawford BE, Roy SM, Woloszynek JC. Intracerebroventricular dosing of N-sulfoglucosamine sulfohydrolase in mucopolysaccharidosis IIIA mice reduces markers of brain lysosomal dysfunction. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102625. [PMID: 36306823 PMCID: PMC9694393 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA (MPS IIIA) is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by N-sulfoglucosamine sulfohydrolase (SGSH) deficiency. SGSH removes the sulfate from N-sulfoglucosamine residues on the nonreducing end of heparan sulfate (HS-NRE) within lysosomes. Enzyme deficiency results in accumulation of partially degraded HS within lysosomes throughout the body, leading to a progressive severe neurological disease. Enzyme replacement therapy has been proposed, but further evaluation of the treatment strategy is needed. Here, we used Chinese hamster ovary cells to produce a highly soluble and fully active recombinant human sulfamidase (rhSGSH). We discovered that rhSGSH utilizes both the CI-MPR and LRP1 receptors for uptake into patient fibroblasts. A single intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of rhSGSH in MPS IIIA mice resulted in a tissue half-life of 9 days and widespread distribution throughout the brain. Following a single ICV dose, both total HS and the MPS IIIA disease-specific HS-NRE were dramatically reduced, reaching a nadir 2 weeks post dose. The durability of effect for reduction of both substrate and protein markers of lysosomal dysfunction and a neuroimmune response lasted through the 56 days tested. Furthermore, seven weekly 148 μg doses ICV reduced those markers to near normal and produced a 99.5% reduction in HS-NRE levels. A pilot study utilizing every other week dosing in two animals supports further evaluation of less frequent dosing. Finally, our dose-response study also suggests lower doses may be efficacious. Our findings show that rhSGSH can normalize lysosomal HS storage and markers of a neuroimmune response when delivered ICV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna Magat
- Department of Research, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Samantha Jones
- Department of Research, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Brian Baridon
- Department of Research, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Vishal Agrawal
- Department of Research, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Hio Wong
- Department of Process Sciences, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Alexander Giaramita
- Department of Research, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Linley Mangini
- Department of Research, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Britta Handyside
- Department of Research, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Catherine Vitelli
- Department of Research, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Monica Parker
- Department of Process Sciences, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Natasha Yeung
- Department of Process Sciences, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Process Sciences, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Erno Pungor
- Department of Process Sciences, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Ilya Slabodkin
- Department of Research, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Olivia Gorostiza
- Department of Research, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Allora Aguilera
- Department of Process Sciences, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Melanie J. Lo
- Department of Research, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Saida Alcozie
- Department of Research, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | | | - Pascale M.N. Tiger
- Department of Research, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Jon Vincelette
- Department of Research, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Sylvia Fong
- Department of Research, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Geuncheol Gil
- Department of Process Sciences, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Chuck Hague
- Department of Process Sciences, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Roger Lawrence
- Department of Research, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Daniel J. Wendt
- Department of Research, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | | | - Stuart Bunting
- Department of Research, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Sherry Bullens
- Department of Research, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Brett E. Crawford
- Department of Research, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Sushmita M. Roy
- Department of Process Sciences, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA
| | - Josh C. Woloszynek
- Department of Research, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc, Novato, California, USA,For correspondence: Josh C. Woloszynek
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6
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Kong W, Lu C, Ding Y, Meng Y. Molecular environment and atypical function: What do we know about enzymes associated with Mucopolysaccharidoses? Orphanet J Rare Dis 2022; 17:112. [PMID: 35246201 PMCID: PMC8895820 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-022-02211-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidoses are a group of lysosomal storage disorders caused by deficiency of enzymes involved in glycosaminoglycans degradation. Relationship between mucopolysaccharidoses and related enzymes has been clarified clearly. Based on such relationship, lots of therapies have been commercialized or are in the process of research and development. However, many potential treatments failed, because those treatments did not demonstrate expected efficacy or safety data. Molecular environment of enzyme, which is essential for their expression and activity, is fundamental for efficacy of therapy. In addition to enzyme activities, mucopolysaccharidoses-related enzymes have other atypical functions, such as regulation, which may cause side effects. This review tried to discuss molecular environment and atypical function of enzymes that are associated with mucopolysaccharidoses, which is very important for the efficacy and safety of potential therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijing Kong
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Beijing Hong Jian Medical Device Company, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Yingxue Ding
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Yan Meng
- Department of Pediatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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7
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Dellas N, Liu J, Botham RC, Huisman GW. Adapting protein sequences for optimized therapeutic efficacy. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2021; 64:38-47. [PMID: 33933937 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic proteins alleviate disease pathology by supplementing missing or defective native proteins, sequestering superfluous proteins, or by acting through designed non-natural mechanisms. Although therapeutic proteins often have the same amino acid sequence as their native counterpart, their maturation paths from expression to the site of physiological activity are inherently different, and optimizing protein sequences for properties that 100s of millions of years of evolution did not need to address presents an opportunity to develop better biological treatments. Because therapeutic proteins are inherently non-natural entities, optimization for their desired function should be considered analogous to that of small molecule drug candidates, which are optimized through expansive combinatorial variation by the medicinal chemist. Here, we review recent successes and challenges of protein engineering for optimized therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki Dellas
- Codexis Inc., 200 Penobscot Dr, Redwood City, CA, 94063, USA.
| | - Joyce Liu
- Codexis Inc., 200 Penobscot Dr, Redwood City, CA, 94063, USA
| | - Rachel C Botham
- Codexis Inc., 200 Penobscot Dr, Redwood City, CA, 94063, USA
| | - Gjalt W Huisman
- Codexis Inc., 200 Penobscot Dr, Redwood City, CA, 94063, USA
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8
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Hendrikse NM, Sandegren A, Andersson T, Blomqvist J, Makower Å, Possner D, Su C, Thalén N, Tjernberg A, Westermark U, Rockberg J, Svensson Gelius S, Syrén PO, Nordling E. Ancestral lysosomal enzymes with increased activity harbor therapeutic potential for treatment of Hunter syndrome. iScience 2021; 24:102154. [PMID: 33665572 PMCID: PMC7907806 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We show the successful application of ancestral sequence reconstruction to enhance the activity of iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS), thereby increasing its therapeutic potential for the treatment of Hunter syndrome—a lysosomal storage disease caused by impaired function of IDS. Current treatment, enzyme replacement therapy with recombinant human IDS, does not alleviate all symptoms, and an unmet medical need remains. We reconstructed putative ancestral sequences of mammalian IDS and compared them with extant IDS. Some ancestral variants displayed up to 2-fold higher activity than human IDS in in vitro assays and cleared more substrate in ex vivo experiments in patient fibroblasts. This could potentially allow for lower dosage or enhanced therapeutic effect in enzyme replacement therapy, thereby improving treatment outcomes and cost efficiency, as well as reducing treatment burden. In summary, we showed that ancestral sequence reconstruction can be applied to lysosomal enzymes that function in concert with modern enzymes and receptors in cells. Reconstruction of ancestral lysosomal enzymes that function in complex cellular context Ancestral iduronate-2-sulfatases with increased activity compared with the human enzyme Increased clearance of substrate in patient fibroblasts indicates therapeutic potential
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M. Hendrikse
- Swedish Orphan Biovitrum AB, Stockholm 112 76, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna 171 21, Sweden
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Åsa Makower
- Swedish Orphan Biovitrum AB, Stockholm 112 76, Sweden
| | | | - Chao Su
- Swedish Orphan Biovitrum AB, Stockholm 112 76, Sweden
| | - Niklas Thalén
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
| | | | | | - Johan Rockberg
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
| | | | - Per-Olof Syrén
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna 171 21, Sweden
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
- Corresponding author
| | - Erik Nordling
- Swedish Orphan Biovitrum AB, Stockholm 112 76, Sweden
- Corresponding author
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9
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Kong W, Yao Y, Zhang J, Lu C, Ding Y, Meng Y. Update of treatment for mucopolysaccharidosis type III (sanfilippo syndrome). Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 888:173562. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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10
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Su C, Gelius SS. An improved barium-rhodizonate method for determination of sulfate ion in biological fluids. Anal Biochem 2020; 598:113703. [PMID: 32246924 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Simple and direct determination of sulfate ion concentrations has many important applications, such as analysis of sulfohydrolase activities in biological fluids. Unfortunately, a reported barium-rhodizonate spectrophotometric method with many advantages faces a solubility challenge. To overcome this problem, solvation of rhodizonate complexes in its metathesis reaction was systematically investigated by 46 solvents/compounds using curvilinear regression methods to fit sulfate calibration intervals for signal linearity and color stability. The results revealed solvent structure-activity relationships to the color formation and provided optimal solvent formulae that enable this colorimetry in the stoichiometric way. The limit of water content in the colorimetric matrix increased from 20 to 45% and color formed for reading was stable for 45-135 min. The rhodizonate reagents were stable at -70 °C for >6 months. This established the robustness of the assay, which can now measure the sulfate ion concentration at 0.18 nmol, in comparison to 1 nmol of the early reports. The method provides a simple and direct analysis of sulfate ion, suitable for kinetics studies of sulfohydrolase activity in biological fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Su
- Research & Translational Sciences, Swedish Orphan Biovitrum AB, Tomtebodavägen 23A, SE-112 76, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Stefan Svensson Gelius
- Research & Translational Sciences, Swedish Orphan Biovitrum AB, Tomtebodavägen 23A, SE-112 76, Stockholm, Sweden
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11
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Favret JM, Weinstock NI, Feltri ML, Shin D. Pre-clinical Mouse Models of Neurodegenerative Lysosomal Storage Diseases. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:57. [PMID: 32351971 PMCID: PMC7174556 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There are over 50 lysosomal hydrolase deficiencies, many of which cause neurodegeneration, cognitive decline and death. In recent years, a number of broad innovative therapies have been proposed and investigated for lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs), such as enzyme replacement, substrate reduction, pharmacologic chaperones, stem cell transplantation, and various forms of gene therapy. Murine models that accurately reflect the phenotypes observed in human LSDs are critical for the development, assessment and implementation of novel translational therapies. The goal of this review is to summarize the neurodegenerative murine LSD models available that recapitulate human disease, and the pre-clinical studies previously conducted. We also describe some limitations and difficulties in working with mouse models of neurodegenerative LSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Daesung Shin
- Hunter James Kelly Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
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12
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Janson J, Andersson G, Bergquist L, Eriksson M, Folgering JHA. Impact of chemical modification of sulfamidase on distribution to brain interstitial fluid and to CSF after an intravenous administration in awake, freely-moving rats. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2020; 22:100554. [PMID: 31908953 PMCID: PMC6939024 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2019.100554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis III A (MPS IIIA) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by deficiency of the enzyme sulfamidase. The disorder results in accumulation of heparan sulfate, lysosomal enlargement and cellular and organ dysfunction. Patients exhibit progressive neurodegeneration and behavioral problems and no treatment is currently available. Enzyme replacement therapy is explored as potential treatment strategy for MPS IIIA patients and to modify the disease, sulfamidase must reach the brain. The glycans of recombinant human sulfamidase (rhSulfamidase) can be chemically modified to generate CM-rhSulfamidase. The chemical modification reduced the affinity to the cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor with the aim a prolonged higher concentration in circulation and thus at the blood brain barrier. The pharmacokinetic properties in serum and the distribution to brain and to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of chemically modified recombinant human sulfamidase (CM-rhSulfamidase) were studied and compared to those of rhSulfamidase, after a single intravenous (i.v.) 30 mg/kg dose in awake, freely-moving male Sprague Dawley rats. Distribution to brain was studied by microdialysis of the interstitial fluid in prefrontal cortex and by repeated intra-individual CSF sampling from the cisterna magna. Push-pull microdialysis facilitated sampling of brain interstitial fluid to determine large molecule concentrations in awake, freely-moving male Sprague Dawley rats. Together with repeated serum and CSF sampling, push-pull microdialysis facilitated determination of CM-rhSulfamidase and rhSulfamidase kinetics after i.v. administration by non-compartments analysis and by a population modelling approach. Chemical modification increased the area under the concentration versus time in serum, CSF and brain interstitial fluid at least 7-fold. The results and the outcome of a population modelling approach of the concentration versus time data indicated that both compounds pass the BBB with an equilibrium established fairly rapid after administration. We suggest that prolonged high serum concentrations facilitated high brain interstitial fluid concentrations, which could be favorable to reach various target cells in the brain.
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Key Words
- AUClast, area under the concentration-time curve from t = 0 to the last observed concentration
- AUC∞, area under the concentration-time curve from t = 0 to infinity
- CL, clearance
- CM-rhSulfamidase, chemically modified recombinant human sulfamidase
- CNS distribution
- CNS, central nervous system
- CSF, cerebrospinal fluid
- Cmax, maximum concentration
- Enzyme replacement therapy
- HS, heparan sulfate
- ID, identifier
- IF, interstitial fluid
- LLOQ, lower limit of quantification
- M6PR, mannose-6-phosphate receptor
- MPS IIIA, mucopolysaccharidosis type III A
- MSD-ECL, meso scale discovery electrochemiluminescence
- Microdialysis
- Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIA
- PBS, phosphate buffered saline
- PK, pharmacokinetics
- Pharmacokinetics
- SD, standard deviation
- SGSH, N-sulfoglucosamine sulfohydrolase
- Sulfamidase
- V, volume of distribution
- aCSF, artificial cerebrospinal fluid
- h.a.d., hours after dose
- i.v., intravenous
- rhSulfamidase, recombinant human sulfamidase
- t½, terminal half-life
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Janson
- Research & Translational Science Unit, Swedish Orphan Biovitrum AB (publ), SE-112 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gudrun Andersson
- Research & Translational Science Unit, Swedish Orphan Biovitrum AB (publ), SE-112 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Bergquist
- Research & Translational Science Unit, Swedish Orphan Biovitrum AB (publ), SE-112 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Eriksson
- Research & Translational Science Unit, Swedish Orphan Biovitrum AB (publ), SE-112 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joost H A Folgering
- Charles River Laboratories location Groningen, De Mudden 16, 9747AW Groningen, the Netherlands
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