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Huang YN, Chiang SL, Huang JY, Lu WL, Bau DAT, Su PH, Wang CH. The Long-term Lung and Respiratory Outcomes of Acid Sphingomyelinase Deficiency: A 10- and 20-year Follow-up Study. In Vivo 2024; 38:437-444. [PMID: 38148059 PMCID: PMC10756436 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.13457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD) is a rare lysosomal storage disorder characterized by sphingomyelin accumulation causing progressive lung disease, respiratory failure, and death. PATIENTS AND METHODS This retrospective observational study used the TriNetX database of electronic health records for 15,108 patients with ASMD from 2000-2020. After exclusions, 8,980 individuals were followed for 10 or 20 years. Outcomes included incidence and prevalence of respiratory disorders. Associations of age, sex and race were assessed. RESULTS Nearly all respiratory outcomes increased significantly over 20 versus 10 years. Other respiratory disorders, specified respiratory disorders and secondary pulmonary hypertension exhibited the greatest increases, reflecting progressive lung damage in ASMD. While outcomes were poor overall, older age, male sex, and racial minority status associated with greater risks, indicating differences in disease progression or care. CONCLUSION This study confirms the progressive nature of ASMD and need for close monitoring and treatment of pulmonary complications to reduce long-term morbidity and mortality. Genetic testing enabling diagnosis even for milder, adult-onset forms is critical to optimize outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Nan Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shang-Lun Chiang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jing-Yang Huang
- Center for Health Data Science, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wen-Li Lu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - DA-Tian Bau
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Pen-Hua Su
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.;
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chung-Hsing Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.;
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Wasserstein MP, Lachmann R, Hollak C, Barbato A, Gallagher RC, Giugliani R, Guelbert NB, Hennermann JB, Ikezoe T, Lidove O, Mabe P, Mengel E, Scarpa M, Senates E, Tchan M, Villarrubia J, Thurberg BL, Yarramaneni A, Armstrong NM, Kim Y, Kumar M. Continued improvement in disease manifestations of acid sphingomyelinase deficiency for adults with up to 2 years of olipudase alfa treatment: open-label extension of the ASCEND trial. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2023; 18:378. [PMID: 38042851 PMCID: PMC10693698 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-023-02983-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Olipudase alfa is a recombinant human acid sphingomyelinase enzyme replacement therapy for non-central-nervous-system manifestations of acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD). The ASCEND randomized placebo-controlled trial in adults with ASMD demonstrated reductions in sphingomyelin storage, organomegaly, interstitial lung disease and impaired diffusion capacity of the lung (DLCO), during the first year of olipudase alfa treatment. In an ongoing open-label extension of the ASCEND trial, individuals in the placebo group crossed over to olipudase alfa, and those in the olipudase alfa group continued treatment. RESULTS Thirty-five of 36 participants continued in the extension trial, and 33 completed year 2. Change-from-baseline results are presented as least-square mean percent change ± SEM. Improvements in the cross-over group after 1 year of treatment paralleled those of the olipudase alfa group from the primary analysis, while clinical improvement continued for those receiving olipudase alfa for 2 years. In the cross-over group, percent-predicted DLCO increased by 28.0 ± 6.2%, spleen volume decreased by 36.0 ± 3.0% and liver volume decreased by 30.7 ± 2.5%. For those with 2 years of olipudase alfa treatment, the percent predicted DLCO increased by 28.5 ± 6.2%, spleen volume decreased by 47.0 ± 2.7%, and liver volume decreased by 33.4 ± 2.2%. Lipid profiles and elevated liver transaminase levels improved or normalized by 1 year and remained stable through 2 years of treatment. Overall, 99% of treatment-emergent adverse events were mild or moderate, with one treatment-related serious adverse event (extrasystoles; previously documented cardiomyopathy). No individual discontinued due to an adverse event. CONCLUSION Treatment with olipudase alfa is well tolerated and reduces manifestations of chronic ASMD with sustained efficacy. Trial registration NCT02004691 registered 9 December 2013, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02004691.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa P Wasserstein
- Children's Hospital at Montefiore and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 3411 Wayne Ave, 9th Floor, Bronx, NY, 10467, USA.
| | - Robin Lachmann
- Charles Dent Metabolic Unit, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Carla Hollak
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Antonio Barbato
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Renata C Gallagher
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Roberto Giugliani
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Med Genet Serv & DR Brasil, HCPA, INAGEMP, DASA, and Casa Dos Raros, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Julia B Hennermann
- Villa Metabolica, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Takayuki Ikezoe
- Department of Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Olivier Lidove
- Department of Internal Medicine, La Croix St Simon Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | - Eugen Mengel
- Clinical Science for LSD, SpinCS, Hochheim, Germany
| | - Maurizio Scarpa
- Regional Coordinator Centre for Rare Diseases, University Hospital of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | | | - Michel Tchan
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jesus Villarrubia
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
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Gomez-Mariano G, Perez-Luz S, Ramos-Del Saz S, Matamala N, Hernandez-SanMiguel E, Fernandez-Prieto M, Gil-Martin S, Justo I, Marcacuzco A, Martinez-Delgado B. Acid Sphingomyelinase Deficiency Type B Patient-Derived Liver Organoids Reveals Altered Lysosomal Gene Expression and Lipid Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12645. [PMID: 37628828 PMCID: PMC10454326 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD) or Niemann-Pick disease type A (NPA), type B (NPB) and type A/B (NPA/B), is a rare lysosomal storage disease characterized by progressive accumulation of sphingomyelin (SM) in the liver, lungs, bone marrow and, in severe cases, neurons. A disease model was established by generating liver organoids from a NPB patient carrying the p.Arg610del variant in the SMPD1 gene. Liver organoids were characterized by transcriptomic and lipidomic analysis. We observed altered lipid homeostasis in the patient-derived organoids showing the predictable increase in sphingomyelin (SM), together with cholesterol esters (CE) and triacylglycerides (TAG), and a reduction in phosphatidylcholine (PC) and cardiolipins (CL). Analysis of lysosomal gene expression pointed to 24 downregulated genes, including SMPD1, and 26 upregulated genes that reflect the lysosomal stress typical of the disease. Altered genes revealed reduced expression of enzymes that could be involved in the accumulation in the hepatocytes of sphyngoglycolipids and glycoproteins, as well as upregulated genes coding for different glycosidases and cathepsins. Lipidic and transcriptome changes support the use of hepatic organoids as ideal models for ASMD investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gema Gomez-Mariano
- Molecular Genetics and Genetic Diagnostic Units, Institute of Rare Diseases Research (IIER), Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain; (S.P.-L.); (S.R.-D.S.); (N.M.); (E.H.-S.); (M.F.-P.); (S.G.-M.); (B.M.-D.)
| | - Sara Perez-Luz
- Molecular Genetics and Genetic Diagnostic Units, Institute of Rare Diseases Research (IIER), Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain; (S.P.-L.); (S.R.-D.S.); (N.M.); (E.H.-S.); (M.F.-P.); (S.G.-M.); (B.M.-D.)
| | - Sheila Ramos-Del Saz
- Molecular Genetics and Genetic Diagnostic Units, Institute of Rare Diseases Research (IIER), Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain; (S.P.-L.); (S.R.-D.S.); (N.M.); (E.H.-S.); (M.F.-P.); (S.G.-M.); (B.M.-D.)
| | - Nerea Matamala
- Molecular Genetics and Genetic Diagnostic Units, Institute of Rare Diseases Research (IIER), Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain; (S.P.-L.); (S.R.-D.S.); (N.M.); (E.H.-S.); (M.F.-P.); (S.G.-M.); (B.M.-D.)
| | - Esther Hernandez-SanMiguel
- Molecular Genetics and Genetic Diagnostic Units, Institute of Rare Diseases Research (IIER), Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain; (S.P.-L.); (S.R.-D.S.); (N.M.); (E.H.-S.); (M.F.-P.); (S.G.-M.); (B.M.-D.)
| | - Marta Fernandez-Prieto
- Molecular Genetics and Genetic Diagnostic Units, Institute of Rare Diseases Research (IIER), Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain; (S.P.-L.); (S.R.-D.S.); (N.M.); (E.H.-S.); (M.F.-P.); (S.G.-M.); (B.M.-D.)
| | - Sara Gil-Martin
- Molecular Genetics and Genetic Diagnostic Units, Institute of Rare Diseases Research (IIER), Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain; (S.P.-L.); (S.R.-D.S.); (N.M.); (E.H.-S.); (M.F.-P.); (S.G.-M.); (B.M.-D.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, CIBERER U758, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Iago Justo
- General and Digestive Surgery Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (I.J.); (A.M.)
| | - Alberto Marcacuzco
- General and Digestive Surgery Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (I.J.); (A.M.)
| | - Beatriz Martinez-Delgado
- Molecular Genetics and Genetic Diagnostic Units, Institute of Rare Diseases Research (IIER), Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain; (S.P.-L.); (S.R.-D.S.); (N.M.); (E.H.-S.); (M.F.-P.); (S.G.-M.); (B.M.-D.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, CIBERER U758, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Wang R, Qin Z, Huang L, Luo H, Peng H, Zhou X, Zhao Z, Liu M, Yang P, Shi T. SMPD1 expression profile and mutation landscape help decipher genotype-phenotype association and precision diagnosis for acid sphingomyelinase deficiency. Hereditas 2023; 160:11. [PMID: 36907956 PMCID: PMC10009935 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-023-00272-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD) disorder, also known as Niemann-Pick disease (NPD) is a rare genetic disease caused by mutations in SMPD1 gene, which encodes sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase (ASM). Except for liver and spleen enlargement and lung disease, two subtypes (Type A and B) of NDP have different onset times, survival times, ASM activities, and neurological abnormalities. To comprehensively explore NPD's genotype-phenotype association and pathophysiological characteristics, we collected 144 NPD cases with strict quality control through literature mining. RESULTS The difference in ASM activity can differentiate NPD type A from other subtypes, with the ratio of ASM activity to the reference values being lower in type A (threshold 0.045 (4.45%)). Severe variations, such as deletion and insertion, can cause complete loss of ASM function, leading to type A, whereas relatively mild missense mutations generally result in type B. Among reported mutations, the p.Arg3AlafsX76 mutation is highly prevalent in the Chinese population, and the p.R608del mutation is common in Mediterranean countries. The expression profiles of SMPD1 from GTEx and single-cell RNA sequencing data of multiple fetal tissues showed that high expressions of SMPD1 can be observed in the liver, spleen, and brain tissues of adults and hepatoblasts, hematopoietic stem cells, STC2_TLX1-positive cells, mesothelial cells of the spleen, vascular endothelial cells of the cerebellum and the cerebrum of fetuses, indicating that SMPD1 dysfunction is highly likely to have a significant effect on the function of those cell types during development and the clinicians need pay attention to these organs or tissues as well during diagnosis. In addition, we also predicted 21 new pathogenic mutations in the SMPD1 gene that potentially cause the NPD, signifying that more rare cases will be detected with those mutations in SMPD1. Finally, we also analysed the function of the NPD type A cells following the extracellular milieu. CONCLUSIONS Our study is the first to elucidate the effects of SMPD1 mutation on cell types and at the tissue level, which provides new insights into the genotype-phenotype association and can help in the precise diagnosis of NPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruisong Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hunan University of Arts and Science, 3150 Dongting Ave., Changde, 415000, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
- Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Arts and Science (the Maternal and Child Health Hospital), Medical college, 3150 Dongting Ave., Changde, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China, 415000
| | - Ziyi Qin
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hunan University of Arts and Science, 3150 Dongting Ave., Changde, 415000, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Huang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hunan University of Arts and Science, 3150 Dongting Ave., Changde, 415000, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiling Luo
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hunan University of Arts and Science, 3150 Dongting Ave., Changde, 415000, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Peng
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hunan University of Arts and Science, 3150 Dongting Ave., Changde, 415000, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hunan University of Arts and Science, 3150 Dongting Ave., Changde, 415000, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixiang Zhao
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hunan University of Arts and Science, 3150 Dongting Ave., Changde, 415000, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyao Liu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hunan University of Arts and Science, 3150 Dongting Ave., Changde, 415000, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
- Changde Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedicine, 3150 Dongting Ave., Changde, 415000, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Pinhong Yang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hunan University of Arts and Science, 3150 Dongting Ave., Changde, 415000, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
- Changde Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedicine, 3150 Dongting Ave., Changde, 415000, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tieliu Shi
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hunan University of Arts and Science, 3150 Dongting Ave., Changde, 415000, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
- Changde Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedicine, 3150 Dongting Ave., Changde, 415000, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
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Wang NL, Lin J, Chen L, Lu Y, Xie XB, Abuduxikuer K, Wang JS. Neonatal cholestasis is an early liver manifestation of children with acid sphingomyelinase deficiency. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:227. [PMID: 35534800 PMCID: PMC9088046 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02310-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD) may be referred to a hepatologist for liver manifestations. This study summarized the liver manifestations of patients with ASMD in the early disease course. Methods This study enrolled ASMD patients diagnosed by genetic tests between July 2016 and December 2020 in a national pediatric liver center. The significance of low High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) for aid diagnosis of ASMD in infancy was explored by reviewing 160 consecutive infants with liver manifestations, who underwent both genetic tests and lipid profile studies, between January 2020 and December 2020. Results A total of 7 patients were diagnosed as ASMD, and 10 known disease-causing variants were identified. Hepatosplenomegaly, elevated transaminases, and liver foam cells were observed in all the 7 patients at age ranging from 4 to 31 months. Low HDL-C was detected in 5 patients, cherry red spot in 4 patients, development delay in 3 patients, and interstitial lung diseases in 1 patient. Three ASMD patients developed cholestasis around 1 month of age, and bilirubin levels normalized at age ranging from 3 to 10 months. They had persistently elevated transaminases and hepatosplenomegaly, and died within 4 years of age. Among the 160 infants with liver manifestations, 125 (78.1%) had low HDL-C. Fifty-four had both low HDL-C and splenomegaly, including 48 cholestatic infants, but only 1 (1.9%, 1/54) infant without cholestasis was diagnosed as ASMD. Conclusions ASMD can manifest as neonatal cholestasis in the early disease course. Cholestasis is a pitfall when low HDL-C is used for aid diagnosis of ASMD in infants with splenomegaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neng-Li Wang
- Center for Pediatric Liver Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lian Chen
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Center for Pediatric Liver Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Bao Xie
- Center for Pediatric Liver Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Jian-She Wang
- Center for Pediatric Liver Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Wasserstein M, Lachmann R, Hollak C, Arash-Kaps L, Barbato A, Gallagher RC, Giugliani R, Guelbert NB, Ikezoe T, Lidove O, Mabe P, Mengel E, Scarpa M, Senates E, Tchan M, Villarrubia J, Chen Y, Furey S, Thurberg BL, Zaher A, Kumar M. A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial evaluating olipudase alfa enzyme replacement therapy for chronic acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD) in adults: One-year results. Genet Med 2022; 24:1425-1436. [PMID: 35471153 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2022.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This trial aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of olipudase alfa enzyme replacement therapy for non-central nervous system manifestations of acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD) in adults. METHODS A phase 2/3, 52 week, international, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (ASCEND; NCT02004691/EudraCT 2015-000371-26) enrolled 36 adults with ASMD randomized 1:1 to receive olipudase alfa or placebo intravenously every 2 weeks with intrapatient dose escalation to 3 mg/kg. Primary efficacy endpoints were percent change from baseline to week 52 in percent predicted diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide and spleen volume (combined with splenomegaly-related score in the United States). Other outcomes included liver volume/function/sphingomyelin content, pulmonary imaging/function, platelet levels, lipid profiles, and pharmacodynamics. RESULTS Least square mean percent change from baseline to week 52 favored olipudase alfa over placebo for percent predicted diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (22% vs 3.0% increases, P = .0004), spleen volume (39% decrease vs 0.5% increase, P < .0001), and liver volume (28% vs 1.5% decreases, P < .0001). Splenomegaly-related score decreased in both groups (P = .64). Other clinical outcomes improved in the olipudase alfa group compared with the placebo group. There were no treatment-related serious adverse events or adverse event-related discontinuations. Most adverse events were mild. CONCLUSION Olipudase alfa was well tolerated and associated with significant and comprehensive improvements in disease pathology and clinically relevant endpoints compared with placebo in adults with ASMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Wasserstein
- Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.
| | - Robin Lachmann
- Charles Dent Metabolic Unit, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carla Hollak
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laila Arash-Kaps
- Villa Metabolica, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Clinical Science for LSD, SphinCS, Hochheim, Germany
| | - Antonio Barbato
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, "Federico II" University Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Renata C Gallagher
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Roberto Giugliani
- Medical Genetics Service and DR BRASIL Research Group, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; National Institute on Population Medical Genetics (INAGEMP), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Takayuki Ikezoe
- Department of Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Olivier Lidove
- Service de Médecine Interne, Diaconesses Croix Saint-Simon Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Paulina Mabe
- Servicio de Pediatría, Clínica Santa María, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eugen Mengel
- Clinical Science for LSD, SphinCS, Hochheim, Germany
| | - Maurizio Scarpa
- Regional Coordinator Centre for Rare Diseases, University Hospital of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Eubekir Senates
- Department of Gastroenterology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Michel Tchan
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jesus Villarrubia
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yixin Chen
- Clinical Development, Sanofi, Bridgewater, NJ
| | - Sandy Furey
- Clinical Development, Sanofi, Bridgewater, NJ
| | | | - Atef Zaher
- Clinical Development, Sanofi, Bridgewater, NJ
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7
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Eskes ECB, van der Lienden MJC, Roelofs JJTH, Vogt L, Aerts JMFG, Aten J, Hollak CEM. Renal involvement in a patient with the chronic visceral subtype of acid sphingomyelinase deficiency resembles Fabry disease. JIMD Rep 2021; 62:15-21. [PMID: 34765393 PMCID: PMC8574181 DOI: 10.1002/jmd2.12242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD) is a lysosomal storage disease (LSD) in which sphingomyelin accumulates due to deficient acid sphingomyelinase. In the chronic visceral subtype, organ manifestations are generally limited to the spleen, liver, and lungs. We report a male patient with the chronic visceral subtype who developed proteinuria and renal insufficiency at the age of 49. In renal tissue, foam cells were observed in the glomeruli as well as sphingomyelin accumulation within podocytes, mesangial cells, endothelial cells, and tubular epithelial cells. Although macrophages are the primary storage cells in both ASMD and Gaucher disease, comparison to the histopathological findings in Gaucher and Fabry disease revealed a diffuse storage pattern in multiple renal cell types, closer resembling the pattern found in Fabry disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline C. B. Eskes
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Martijn J. C. van der Lienden
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of PathologyAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Joris J. T. H. Roelofs
- Department of PathologyAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular SciencesDepartment of Internal Medicine, section Nephrology, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Liffert Vogt
- Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular SciencesDepartment of Internal Medicine, section Nephrology, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Johannes M. F. G. Aerts
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Department of Medical BiochemistryUniversity of LeidenLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Jan Aten
- Department of PathologyAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Carla E. M. Hollak
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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8
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Breiden B, Sandhoff K. Acid Sphingomyelinase, a Lysosomal and Secretory Phospholipase C, Is Key for Cellular Phospholipid Catabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9001. [PMID: 34445706 PMCID: PMC8396676 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we present the main features of human acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), its biosynthesis, processing and intracellular trafficking, its structure, its broad substrate specificity, and the proposed mode of action at the surface of the phospholipid substrate carrying intraendolysosomal luminal vesicles. In addition, we discuss the complex regulation of its phospholipid cleaving activity by membrane lipids and lipid-binding proteins. The majority of the literature implies that ASM hydrolyses solely sphingomyelin to generate ceramide and ignores its ability to degrade further substrates. Indeed, more than twenty different phospholipids are cleaved by ASM in vitro, including some minor but functionally important phospholipids such as the growth factor ceramide-1-phosphate and the unique lysosomal lysolipid bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate. The inherited ASM deficiency, Niemann-Pick disease type A and B, impairs mainly, but not only, cellular sphingomyelin catabolism, causing a progressive sphingomyelin accumulation, which furthermore triggers a secondary accumulation of lipids (cholesterol, glucosylceramide, GM2) by inhibiting their turnover in late endosomes and lysosomes. However, ASM appears to be involved in a variety of major cellular functions with a regulatory significance for an increasing number of metabolic disorders. The biochemical characteristics of ASM, their potential effect on cellular lipid turnover, as well as a potential impact on physiological processes will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Konrad Sandhoff
- Membrane Biology and Lipid Biochemistry Unit, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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