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Portman ZM, Gardner J, Lane IG, Gerjets N, Petersen JD, Ascher JS, Arduser M, Evans EC, Boyd C, Thomson R, Cariveau DP. A checklist of the bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) of Minnesota. Zootaxa 2023; 5304:1-95. [PMID: 37518539 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5304.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Research studies and conservation actions aimed at improving conditions for bees require a basic understanding of which species are present in a given region. The US state of Minnesota occupies a unique geographic position at the confluence of eastern deciduous forests, northern boreal forests, and western tallgrass prairie, which has led to a diverse and unique bee fauna. In recent years there have been multiple ongoing bee-focused inventory and research projects in Minnesota. Combined with the historic specimens housed in the University of Minnesota Insect Collection and other regional collections, these furnished a wealth of specimens available to form the basis of a statewide checklist. Here, we present the first comprehensive checklist of Minnesota bee species, documenting a total of 508 species in 45 genera. County-level occurrence data is included for each species, and further information on distribution and rarity is included for species of regional or national interest. Some species have their taxonomy clarified, with Perdita citrinella Graenicher, 1910 syn. nov. recognized as a junior synonym of Perdita perpallida Cockerell, 1901, P. bequaerti syn. nov. recognized as a junior synonym of P. pallidipennis Graenicher, 1910 stat. nov., Anthidiellum boreale (Robertson, 1902) stat. nov. recognized as a full species, and Anthidiellium beijingense Portman & Ascher nom. nov. is proposed for A. boreale Wu to resolve the homonymy with A. boreale (Robertson). We further include a list of species that may occur in Minnesota and highlight 11 species occurring in the state that are considered non-native. Recent collecting efforts, as well as increased taxonomic attention paid to Minnesota bees, have resulted in 66 species that have only been documented in the last 10 years. As a first step in determining native bees of conservation concern, we document 38 species that have not been detected in the state during the last 50 years and discuss their conservation status, along with other species for which evidence of decline exists. The checklist of Minnesota bees will continue to grow and change with additional surveys and research studies. In particular, recent surveys have continued to detect new bee species, and many bee groups are in need of taxonomic revision, with the most recent revisions for many genera occurring decades ago. Overall, this checklist strengthens our understanding of the bees of Minnesota and the broader region, informs conservation assessments, and establishes a baseline for faunal change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary M Portman
- Department of Entomology; University of Minnesota; St. Paul; MN; USA 55108.
| | - Joel Gardner
- Department of Entomology; Washington State University; Pullman; WA; USA 99163.
| | - Ian G Lane
- Department of Entomology; University of Minnesota; St. Paul; MN; USA 55108.
| | - Nicole Gerjets
- Minnesota Biological Survey; Minnesota Department of Natural Resources; St. Paul; MN; USA 55155.
| | - Jessica D Petersen
- Minnesota Biological Survey; Minnesota Department of Natural Resources; St. Paul; MN; USA 55155.
| | - John S Ascher
- Insect Diversity Lab; Department of Biological Sciences; National University of Singapore; Singapore 117558.
| | - Mike Arduser
- Conservation Research Institute; Cedarburg; WI; USA 53012.
| | - Elaine C Evans
- Department of Entomology; University of Minnesota; St. Paul; MN; USA 55108.
| | - Crystal Boyd
- National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; Washington; DC USA 20005.
| | - Robin Thomson
- Department of Entomology; University of Minnesota; St. Paul; MN; USA 55108.
| | - Daniel P Cariveau
- Department of Entomology; University of Minnesota; St. Paul; MN; USA 55108.
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2
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Ramos KS, Martins AC, Melo GAR. Evolution of andrenine bees reveals a long and complex history of faunal interchanges through the Americas during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2022; 172:107484. [PMID: 35452842 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bees are presumed to have arisen in the early to mid-Cretaceous coincident with the fragmentation of the southern continents and concurrently with the early diversification of the flowering plants. Here, we apply DNA sequences from multiple genes to recover a dated phylogeny and historical biogeographic of andrenine bees, a large group of 3000 species mainly distributed in arid areas of North America, South America, and the Palearctic region. Our results corroborate the monophyly of Andreninae and points toward a South America origin for the group during the Late Cretaceous. Overall, we provide strong evidence of amphitropical distributional pattern currently observed in the American continent as result of faunal interchange in at least three historical periods, much prior to the Panama Isthmus closure. The Palearctic diversity is shown to have arisen from North America during the Eocene and Miocene, and the Afrotropical lineages likely originated from the Palearctic region in the Miocene when the Sahara Desert was mostly vegetated. The incursions from South to North America and then onto the Old World are chronological congruent with periods when open-vegetation habitats were available for trans-continental dispersal and at the times when aridification and temperature decline offered favorable circumstances for bee diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelli S Ramos
- Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Nazaré 481, CEP 04263-000 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Aline C Martins
- Department of Zoology, University of Brasilia, 70910-900 Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Gabriel A R Melo
- Department of Zoology, Federal University of Paraná, PB 19020, 81531-980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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Mortimer K, Fitzhugh K, dos Brasil AC, Lana P. Who's who in Magelona: phylogenetic hypotheses under Magelonidae Cunningham & Ramage, 1888 (Annelida: Polychaeta). PeerJ 2021; 9:e11993. [PMID: 35070516 PMCID: PMC8759375 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Known as shovel head worms, members of Magelonidae comprise a group of polychaetes readily recognised by the uniquely shaped, dorso-ventrally flattened prostomium and paired ventro-laterally inserted papillated palps. The present study is the first published account of inferences of phylogenetic hypotheses within Magelonidae. Members of 72 species of Magelona and two species of Octomagelona were included, with outgroups including members of one species of Chaetopteridae and four of Spionidae. The phylogenetic inferences were performed to causally account for 176 characters distributed among 79 subjects, and produced 2,417,600 cladograms, each with 404 steps. A formal definition of Magelonidae is provided, represented by a composite phylogenetic hypothesis explaining seven synapomorphies: shovel-shaped prostomium, prostomial ridges, absence of nuchal organs, ventral insertion of palps and their papillation, presence of a burrowing organ, and unique body regionation. Octomagelona is synonymised with Magelona due to the latter being paraphyletic relative to the former. The consequence is that Magelonidae is monotypic, such that Magelona cannot be formally defined as associated with any phylogenetic hypotheses. As such, the latter name is an empirically empty placeholder, but because of the binomial name requirement mandated by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, the definition is identical to that of Magelonidae. Several key features for future descriptions are suggested: prostomial dimensions, presence/absence of prostomial horns, morphology of anterior lamellae, presence/absence of specialised chaetae, and lateral abdominal pouches. Additionally, great care must be taken to fully describe and illustrate all thoracic chaetigers in descriptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Mortimer
- Natural Sciences, Amgueddfa Cymru–National Museum Wales, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Kirk Fitzhugh
- Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Ana Claudia dos Brasil
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo Lana
- Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Pontal do Sul, Paraná, Brazil
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Pisanty G, Richter R, Martin T, Dettman J, Cardinal S. Molecular phylogeny, historical biogeography and revised classification of andrenine bees (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2021; 170:107151. [PMID: 33741535 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The mining bee subfamily Andreninae (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) is a widely distributed and diverse group of ground-nesting solitary bees, including numerous species known to be important pollinators. Most of the species diversity of Andreninae is concentrated in the mainly Holarctic genus Andrena, comprising ca. 1550 described species. The subfamily and especially the genus have remained relatively neglected by recent molecular phylogenetic studies, with current classifications relying largely on morphological characters. We sampled ultraconserved element (UCE) sequences from 235 taxa, including all andrenine genera and 98 out of 104 currently recognized Andrena subgenera. Using 419,858 aligned nucleotide sites from 1009 UCE loci, we present a comprehensive molecular phylogenetic analysis of the subfamily. Our analysis supports the recognition of seven distinct genera in the Andreninae: Alocandrena, Ancylandrena, Andrena, Cubiandrena, Euherbstia, Megandrena, and Orphana. Within the genus Andrena, present-day subgeneric concepts revealed high degrees of paraphyly and polyphyly, due to strong homoplasy of morphological characters, necessitating a thorough, extensive revision of the higher classification of the genus. Based on our findings, we place the subgenus Calcarandrena in synonymy with Andrena (Lepidandrena); Hyperandrena, Nemandrena, Scoliandrena, Tylandrena and Zonandrena with A. (Melandrena); Distandrena, Fumandrena and Proxiandrena with A. (Micrandrena); Carandrena with A. (Notandrena); Agandrena with A. (Plastandrena); Xiphandrena with A. (Scrapteropsis); and Platygalandrena and Poliandrena with A. (Ulandrena) (new synonymies). We additionally reestablish the groups known as Opandrena and Truncandrena as valid subgenera of Andrena. Our results also show that the MRCA of Andrena+Cubiandrena dispersed from the New World to the Palaearctic probably during the Eocene-early Oligocene, followed by 10-14 Neogene dispersal events from the Palaearctic to the Nearctic and 1-6 Neogene dispersals back into the Palaearctic, all within the genus Andrena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gideon Pisanty
- Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0C6, Canada.
| | - Robin Richter
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0C6, Canada.
| | - Teresa Martin
- Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0C6, Canada.
| | - Jeremy Dettman
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0C6, Canada.
| | - Sophie Cardinal
- Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0C6, Canada.
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Ferrari RR, Onuferko TM, Monckton SK, Packer L. The evolutionary history of the cellophane bee genus Colletes Latreille (Hymenoptera: Colletidae): Molecular phylogeny, biogeography and implications for a global infrageneric classification. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2020; 146:106750. [PMID: 32028034 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Colletes Latreille (Hymenoptera: Colletidae) is a diverse genus with 518 valid species distributed in all biogeographic realms, except Australasia and Antarctica. Here we provide a comprehensive dated phylogeny for Colletes based on Bayesian and maximum likelihood-based analyses of DNA sequence data of six loci: 28S rDNA, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1, elongation factor-1α copy F2, long-wavelength rhodopsin, RNA polymerase II and wingless. In total, our multilocus matrix consists of 4824 aligned base pairs for 143 species, including 112 Colletes species plus 31 outgroups (one stenotritid and a diverse array of colletids representing all subfamilies). Overall, analyses of each of the six single-locus datasets resulted in poorly resolved consensus trees with conflicting phylogenetic signal. However, our analyses of the multilocus matrix provided strong support for the monophyly of Colletes and show that it can be subdivided into five major clades. The implications of our phylogenetic results for future attempts at infrageneric classification for the Colletes of the world are discussed. We propose species groups for the Neotropical species of Colletes, the only major biogeographic realm for which no species groups have been proposed to date. Our dating analysis indicated that Colletes diverged from its sister taxon, Hemicotelles Toro and Cabezas, in the early Oligocene and that its extant lineages began diversifying only in the late Oligocene. According to our biogeographic reconstruction, Colletes originated in the Neotropics (most likely within South America) and then spread to the Nearctic very early in its evolutionary history. Geodispersal to the Old World occurred soon after colonization of the Northern Hemisphere. Lastly, the historical biogeography of Colletes is analyzed in light of available geological and palaeoenvironmental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael R Ferrari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
| | - Thomas M Onuferko
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; The Beaty Centre for Species Discovery, Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, ON K1P 6P4, Canada
| | - Spencer K Monckton
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Laurence Packer
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
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6
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Salazar-Vallejo SI, de León-González JA, Carrera-Parra LF. Phylogeny of Microphthalminae Hartmann-Schröder, 1971, and revision of Hesionella Hartman, 1939, and Struwela Hartmann-Schröder, 1959 (Annelida, Errantia). PeerJ 2019; 7:e7723. [PMID: 31579604 PMCID: PMC6754975 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Microphthalminae Hartmann-Schröder, 1971 was proposed in Hesionidae to include Microphthalmus and Hesionides; however, the affinities of these genera to other members of Hesionidae have been debated, and some authors have concluded they do not belong in Hesionidae. Herein, based on morphological characters, a phylogenetic analysis of the subfamily and some other similar poorly-known genera, with an uncertain position in Hesionidae was performed to clarify their affinities. Our results indicate that Microphthalminae, as currently delimited, is paraphyletic. The inclusion of Struwela, Uncopodarke, and Westheideius, a new genus, as well as the recognition of Fridericiella are proposed to meet the requirement of monophyly; and as result of this, the elevation in rank to the family level is herein presented. Furthermore, the type species for Hesionella and Struwela are redescribed, and a new species in the latter is described. A key to identify microphthalmid genera is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio I. Salazar-Vallejo
- Departamento de Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México
| | - Jesús Angel de León-González
- Laboratorio de Biosistemática, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Luis F. Carrera-Parra
- Departamento de Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México
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7
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Fitzhugh K, de Matos Nogueira JM, Carrerette O, Hutchings P. An assessment of the status of Polycirridae genera (Annelida: Terebelliformia) and evolutionary transformation series of characters within the family. Zool J Linn Soc 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kirk Fitzhugh
- Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County; 900 Exposition Boulevard Los Angeles CA 90007 USA
| | - João Miguel de Matos Nogueira
- Laboratório de Poliquetologia (LaPol), Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências; Universidade de São Paulo; Rua do Matão, travessa 14, n. 101 São Paulo 05508-900 SP Brazil
| | - Orlemir Carrerette
- Laboratório de Poliquetologia (LaPol), Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências; Universidade de São Paulo; Rua do Matão, travessa 14, n. 101 São Paulo 05508-900 SP Brazil
| | - Pat Hutchings
- The Australian Museum Research Institute; Australian Museum; 6 College Street Sydney 2010 NSW Australia
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8
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Jůzová K, Nakase Y, Straka J. Host specialization and species diversity in the genusStylops(Strepsiptera: Stylopidae), revealed by molecular phylogenetic analysis. Zool J Linn Soc 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Jůzová
- Department of Zoology; Faculty of Science; Charles University in Prague; Viničná 7 Praha 2 128 44 Czech Republic
| | - Yuta Nakase
- National Museum of Nature and Science; 4-1-1, Amakubo Tsukuba-shi Ibaraki 305-0005 Japan
| | - Jakub Straka
- Department of Zoology; Faculty of Science; Charles University in Prague; Viničná 7 Praha 2 128 44 Czech Republic
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9
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Broad polyphyly and historical biogeography of the neotropical wasp genus Notiospathius (Braconidae: Doryctinae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2013; 69:142-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Nogueira JMDM, Fitzhugh K, Hutchings P. The continuing challenge of phylogenetic relationships in Terebelliformia (Annelida : Polychaeta). INVERTEBR SYST 2013. [DOI: 10.1071/is12062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the Terebellidae and related families was undertaken. Type material of all genera of Terebellinae was examined, together with representatives of nearly all genera of remaining Terebellidae subfamilies, and representatives of the families that have been traditionally regarded as being closely related, comprising the Terebelliformia. In total, 85 species were coded using 118 subjects (‘characters’) and 286 subject–predicate relations (‘states’). The results indicate: (1) the paraphyly of Terebellidae by the placements of Trichobranchidae, Ampharetidae, Alvinellidae and Pectinariidae within that clade; (2) the occurrences of Thelepodinae as separate clades, consistent with groups ‘A’ and ‘B’ recognised by Nogueira et al. (2010a); and (3) the monophyly of Polycirrinae and Terebellinae. The previously considered subfamilies of Terebellidae are raised to familial level and a new family is described. Revised definitions are provided for: Terebelliformia, Polycirridae, stat. nov., Telothelepodidae, fam. nov., Terebellidae emend., and Thelepodidae, stat. nov., along with a discussion of character evolution in the Terebellidae.
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Danforth BN, Cardinal S, Praz C, Almeida EAB, Michez D. The impact of molecular data on our understanding of bee phylogeny and evolution. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2012; 58:57-78. [PMID: 22934982 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-120811-153633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Our understanding of bee phylogeny has improved over the past fifteen years as a result of new data, primarily nucleotide sequence data, and new methods, primarily model-based methods of phylogeny reconstruction. Phylogenetic studies based on single or, more commonly, multilocus data sets have helped resolve the placement of bees within the superfamily Apoidea; the relationships among the seven families of bees; and the relationships among bee subfamilies, tribes, genera, and species. In addition, molecular phylogenies have played an important role in inferring evolutionary patterns and processes in bees. Phylogenies have provided the comparative framework for understanding the evolution of host-plant associations and pollen specialization, the evolution of social behavior, and the evolution of parasitism. In this paper, we present an overview of significant discoveries in bee phylogeny based primarily on the application of molecular data. We review the phylogenetic hypotheses family-by-family and then describe how the new phylogenetic insights have altered our understanding of bee biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan N Danforth
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
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12
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Florin DA, Davies SJ, Olsen C, Lawyer P, Lipnick R, Schultz G, Rowton E, Wilkerson R, Keep L. Morphometric and molecular analyses of the sand fly species Lutzomyia shannoni (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) collected from seven different geographical areas in the southeastern United States. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2011; 48:154-166. [PMID: 21485350 DOI: 10.1603/me10199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A morphometric and molecular study of adult male and female Lutzomyia shannoni (Dyar 1929) collected at seven different locations within the southeastern United States was conducted to assess the degree of divergence between the grouped specimens from each location. The collection locations were as follows: Fort Bragg, NC; Fort Campbell, KY; Fort Rucker, AL; Ossabaw Island, GA; Patuxent National Wildlife Research Refuge, MD; Suwannee National Wildlife Refuge, FL; and Baton Rouge, LA. Forty males and forty females from each location were analyzed morphometrically from 54 and 49 character measurements, respectively. In addition, the molecular markers consisting of the partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (from 105 sand flies: 15 specimens/collection site) and the partial internal transcribed spacer 2 (from 42 sand flies: six specimens/collection site) were compared. Multivariate analyses indicate that the low degree of variation between the grouped specimens from each collection site prevents the separation of any collection site into an entity that could be interpreted as a distinct population. The molecular analyses were in concordance with the morphometric study as no collection location grouped into a separate population based on the two partial markers. The grouped specimens from each collection site appear to be within the normal variance of the species, indicating a single population in the southeast United States. It is recommended that additional character analyses of L. shannoni based on more molecular markers, behavioral, ecological, and physiological characteristics, be conducted before ruling out the possibility of populations or a cryptic species complex within the southeastern United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Florin
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA.
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Melville J, Ritchie EG, Chapple SNJ, Glor RE, Schulte JA. Evolutionary origins and diversification of dragon lizards in Australia's tropical savannas. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2010; 58:257-70. [PMID: 21145401 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2010.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2010] [Revised: 11/16/2010] [Accepted: 11/28/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Australia's monsoonal tropics are dominated by the largest and least modified savanna woodlands in the world, and they are globally significant for their high biodiversity and regional endemism. Despite this, there have been very few molecular studies of the evolutionary origins and diversification of vertebrates in this region. The semi-arboreal dragon lizards of Lophognathus and Amphibolurus are widely distributed in the savanna and dry sclerophyll woodlands of Australasia, including the monsoon tropics. We sequenced a ~1400 bp region of mitochondrial DNA and a ~1400 bp nuclear gene (RAG1) to investigate the phylogenetic relationships and phylogeographic structuring of all seven species of Lophognathus and Amphibolurus. Our analyses show that there is a higher level of species and generic diversity in the monsoon tropics than previously thought, and a full morphological review and taxonomic revision of these genera is required. Relaxed molecular clock analyses indicate that species across both genera originated in the late Miocene and early Pliocene, with significant phylogeographic structure within species. We did not find any evidence that the monsoon tropics species were a monophyletic group that had diversified within the region; instead Amphibolurus and Lophognathus represent at least three independent evolutionary colonizations of the monsoon tropics. It is probable that the origins and phylogeographic patterns of the northern Lophognathus species have evolved under the climatic influence of the Australian monsoon, rather than being either an ancient Gondwanan lineage that pre-dates the monsoon or the result of a more recent dispersal event across Wallace's Line.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Melville
- Department of Sciences, Museum Victoria, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
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14
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Dötterl S, Vereecken NJ. The chemical ecology and evolution of bee–flower interactions: a review and perspectivesThe present review is one in the special series of reviews on animal–plant interactions. CAN J ZOOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1139/z10-031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bees and angiosperms have shared a long and intertwined evolutionary history and their interactions have resulted in remarkable adaptations. Yet, at a time when the “pollination crisis” is of major concern as natural populations of both wild and honey bees ( Apis mellifera L., 1758) face alarming decline rates at a worldwide scale, there are important gaps in our understanding of the ecology and evolution of bee–flower interactions. In this review, we summarize and discuss the current knowledge about the role of floral chemistry versus other communication channels in bee-pollinated flowering plants, both at the macro- and micro-evolutionary levels, and across the specialization–generalization gradient. The available data illustrate that floral scents and floral chemistry have been largely overlooked in bee–flower interactions, and that pollination studies integrating these components along with pollinator behaviour in a phylogenetic context will help gain considerable insights into the sensory ecology and the evolution of bees and their associated flowering plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Dötterl
- Department of Plant Systematics, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
- Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Free University of Brussels/Université Libre de Bruxelles, avenue FD Roosevelt 50 CP 160/12, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Institute of Systematic Botany, University of Zürich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH-8008 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - N. J. Vereecken
- Department of Plant Systematics, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
- Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Free University of Brussels/Université Libre de Bruxelles, avenue FD Roosevelt 50 CP 160/12, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Institute of Systematic Botany, University of Zürich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH-8008 Zürich, Switzerland
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Niwa K, Iida S, Kato A, Kawai H, Kikuchi N, Kobiyama A, Aruga Y. GENETIC DIVERSITY AND INTROGRESSION IN TWO CULTIVATED SPECIES (PORPHYRA YEZOENSIS AND PORPHYRA TENERA) AND CLOSELY RELATED WILD SPECIES OF PORPHYRA (BANGIALES, RHODOPHYTA)(1). JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2009; 45:493-502. [PMID: 27033827 DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2009.00661.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the genetic variations of the samples that were tentatively identified as two cultivated Porphyra species (Porphyra yezoensis Ueda and Porphyra tenera Kjellm.) from various natural populations in Japan using molecular analyses of plastid and nuclear DNA. From PCR-RFLP analyses using nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA and plastid RUBISCO spacer regions and phylogenetic analyses using plastid rbcL and nuclear ITS-1 rDNA sequences, our samples from natural populations of P. yezoensis and P. tenera showed remarkably higher genetic variations than found in strains that are currently used for cultivation. In addition, it is inferred that our samples contain four wild Porphyra species, and that three of the four species, containing Porphyra kinositae, are closely related to cultivated Porphyra species. Furthermore, our PCR-RFLP and molecular phylogenetic analyses using both the nuclear and plastid DNA demonstrated the occurrence of plastid introgression from P. yezoensis to P. tenera and suggested the possibility of plastid introgression from cultivated P. yezoensis to wild P. yezoensis. These results imply the importance of collecting and establishing more strains of cultivated Porphyra species and related wild species from natural populations as genetic resources for further improvement of cultivated Porphyra strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyosuke Niwa
- Fisheries Technology Institute, Hyogo Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Akashi, Hyogo, 674-0093, JapanKobe University Research Center for Inland Seas, Awaji, Hyogo 656-241 and Rokkodai, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, JapanCoastal Branch of Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba, Katsuura, Chiba, 299-5242, JapanLaboratory of Aquatic Microbiology, School of Marine Sciences, Kitasato University, Sanriku, Ofunato, Iwate, 022-0101, JapanNishikamata 2-4-21, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 144-0051, Japan
| | - Satoko Iida
- Fisheries Technology Institute, Hyogo Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Akashi, Hyogo, 674-0093, JapanKobe University Research Center for Inland Seas, Awaji, Hyogo 656-241 and Rokkodai, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, JapanCoastal Branch of Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba, Katsuura, Chiba, 299-5242, JapanLaboratory of Aquatic Microbiology, School of Marine Sciences, Kitasato University, Sanriku, Ofunato, Iwate, 022-0101, JapanNishikamata 2-4-21, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 144-0051, Japan
| | - Aki Kato
- Fisheries Technology Institute, Hyogo Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Akashi, Hyogo, 674-0093, JapanKobe University Research Center for Inland Seas, Awaji, Hyogo 656-241 and Rokkodai, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, JapanCoastal Branch of Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba, Katsuura, Chiba, 299-5242, JapanLaboratory of Aquatic Microbiology, School of Marine Sciences, Kitasato University, Sanriku, Ofunato, Iwate, 022-0101, JapanNishikamata 2-4-21, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 144-0051, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kawai
- Fisheries Technology Institute, Hyogo Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Akashi, Hyogo, 674-0093, JapanKobe University Research Center for Inland Seas, Awaji, Hyogo 656-241 and Rokkodai, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, JapanCoastal Branch of Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba, Katsuura, Chiba, 299-5242, JapanLaboratory of Aquatic Microbiology, School of Marine Sciences, Kitasato University, Sanriku, Ofunato, Iwate, 022-0101, JapanNishikamata 2-4-21, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 144-0051, Japan
| | - Norio Kikuchi
- Fisheries Technology Institute, Hyogo Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Akashi, Hyogo, 674-0093, JapanKobe University Research Center for Inland Seas, Awaji, Hyogo 656-241 and Rokkodai, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, JapanCoastal Branch of Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba, Katsuura, Chiba, 299-5242, JapanLaboratory of Aquatic Microbiology, School of Marine Sciences, Kitasato University, Sanriku, Ofunato, Iwate, 022-0101, JapanNishikamata 2-4-21, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 144-0051, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kobiyama
- Fisheries Technology Institute, Hyogo Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Akashi, Hyogo, 674-0093, JapanKobe University Research Center for Inland Seas, Awaji, Hyogo 656-241 and Rokkodai, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, JapanCoastal Branch of Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba, Katsuura, Chiba, 299-5242, JapanLaboratory of Aquatic Microbiology, School of Marine Sciences, Kitasato University, Sanriku, Ofunato, Iwate, 022-0101, JapanNishikamata 2-4-21, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 144-0051, Japan
| | - Yusho Aruga
- Fisheries Technology Institute, Hyogo Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Akashi, Hyogo, 674-0093, JapanKobe University Research Center for Inland Seas, Awaji, Hyogo 656-241 and Rokkodai, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, JapanCoastal Branch of Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba, Katsuura, Chiba, 299-5242, JapanLaboratory of Aquatic Microbiology, School of Marine Sciences, Kitasato University, Sanriku, Ofunato, Iwate, 022-0101, JapanNishikamata 2-4-21, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 144-0051, Japan
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MÜLLER ANDREAS, KUHLMANN MICHAEL. Pollen hosts of western palaearctic bees of the genus Colletes (Hymenoptera: Colletidae): the Asteraceae paradox. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2008.01113.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Praz CJ, Müller A, Danforth BN, Griswold TL, Widmer A, Dorn S. Phylogeny and biogeography of bees of the tribe Osmiini (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2008; 49:185-97. [PMID: 18675365 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2008.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2008] [Revised: 07/04/2008] [Accepted: 07/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Osmiini (Megachilidae) constitute a taxonomically and biologically diverse tribe of bees. To resolve their generic and suprageneric relationships, we inferred a phylogeny based on three nuclear genes (Elongation factor 1-alpha, LW-rhodopsin and CAD) applying both parsimony and Bayesian methods. Our phylogeny, which includes 95 osmiine species representing 18 of the 19 currently recognized genera, is well resolved with high support for most basal nodes. The core osmiine genera were found to form a well-supported monophyletic group, but four small genera, Noteriades, Afroheriades,Pseudoheriades and possibly Ochreriades, formerly included in the Osmiini, do not appear to belong within this tribe. Our phylogeny results in the following taxonomic changes: Stenosmia and Hoplosmia are reduced to subgeneric rank in Hoplitis and Osmia, respectively, Micreriades is recognized as a subgenus in Hoplitis and the subgenus Nasutosmia is transferred from Hoplitis to Osmia. We inferred a biogeographic scenario for the Osmiini applying maximum likelihood inference and models of character evolution. We provide evidence that the Osmiini originated in the Palearctic, and that extensive exchanges occurred between the Palearctic and the Nearctic. The latter finding may relate to the fact that many osmiine species nest in wood or in stems, facilitating dispersal by overseas transport of the nests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe J Praz
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Plant Sciences, Applied Entomology, Schmelzbergstrasse 9/LFO, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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