1
|
Clement RA, Saxton NA, Standring S, Arnold PR, Johnson KK, Bybee DR, Bybee SM. Phylogeny, migration and geographic range size evolution of Anax dragonflies (Anisoptera: Aeshnidae). Zool J Linn Soc 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The genus Anax is a group of cosmopolitan dragonflies noted for its conspicuous migratory behaviours and large size. Here we present the first dated, species-level, multigene, molecular phylogeny for the group to test generic and species-limits, as well as the evolution of migration and range size. Using five mitochondrial and nuclear gene regions (COI, COI/COII, CYTB/ND1, ITS1 and PRMT) from 20 species, we reconstructed a phylogeny of Anax using both a Bayesian and maximum likelihood approach. We found that Anax (including its hypothesized sister group Hemianax) forms a monophyletic group, and that 12 out of 20 species tested positive for monophyly were also monophyletic. The monophyly of several species of Anax is less clear. Migratory behaviour, which is known to occur in at least nine species, is recovered as the ancestral behaviour, which was lost and subsequently gained at least three times. Geographic range size seems to be tightly associated with migratory behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Clement
- Computational Biology Institute, The Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington,D.C., USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington,D.C. 20052USA
| | - Natalie A Saxton
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, 4102 LSB,Provo,UT, USA
| | - Samantha Standring
- Entomology Department, University of California Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside,CA92521USA
| | - Preston R Arnold
- Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Bryan,Texas, USA
| | | | - David R Bybee
- Biology Program, Brigham Young University-Hawaii, 55–220 Kulanui Street,Laie, USA
| | - Seth M Bybee
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, 4102 LSB,Provo,UT, USA
- Monte L. Bean Museum, Brigham Young University, Provo,UT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sangster G, Luksenburg JA. Scientific data laundering: Chimeric mitogenomes of a sparrowhawk and a nightjar covered-up by forged phylogenies. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2021.104263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
3
|
Nagai K, Manawatthana S, Tokita KI, Nualsri C, Pierce AJ, Sutasha K, Sribuarod K, Takehara K, Round PD, Higuchi H. Genetic Structure in Japanese and Thai Populations of the Japanese Sparrowhawk Accipiter gularis. Zoolog Sci 2020; 37:232-239. [PMID: 32549537 DOI: 10.2108/zs190104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The Japanese sparrowhawk Accipiter gularis is a small raptor that breeds in Northeast Asia. The species consists of the widespread and mostly migratory subspecies A. g. gularis that is common in East Asia, including Japan, and the resident and endangered subspecies A. g. iwasakii which inhabits the Ryukyu and Yaeyama Islands in Okinawa, southern Japan. Given the minimal knowledge about the migration of the species, in this study we sought to compare the genetic variation of the populations breeding in Japan with those migrating through Southeast Asia. We sequenced 761 bp of mitochondrial DNA Control Region from each of 21 A. gularis collected during the breeding season in Japan and from 20 individuals intercepted on migration in Thailand. We detected 26 haplotypes among the 41 individuals which differed significantly between Japan and Thailand. Migrants in Thailand were presumed to have originated from a wide area in Eastern Eurasia. The phylogenetic and network analyses demonstrated that the haplotypes of all A. g. gularis detected in Japan were genetically close. Moreover, the Okinawa haplotypes of A. g. iwasakii were clustered with moderate genetic variation. The information presented here can be used towards implementing future conservation actions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Nagai
- Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan.,Research and Education Centre for Natural Sciences, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8521, Japan,
| | - Sontaya Manawatthana
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Ken-Ichi Tokita
- Research and Education Centre for Natural Sciences, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8521, Japan
| | - Chukiat Nualsri
- Monnang Subdistrict Municipality, Monnang, Phanat Nikhom, Chonburi 20140, Thailand
| | - Andrew J Pierce
- Conservation Ecology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkhunthien, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
| | - Kaset Sutasha
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Kriangsak Sribuarod
- Khlong Saeng Wildlife Research Station, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plants Conservation, Khao Phang, Ban Tha Khun, Surat Thani 84230, Thailand
| | | | - Philip D Round
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Hiroyoshi Higuchi
- Research and Education Centre for Natural Sciences, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8521, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Old and Cosmopolite: Molecular Phylogeny of Tropical–Subtropical Kites (Aves: Elaninae) with Taxonomic Implications. DIVERSITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/d12090327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Kites of the Elaninae group are small and medium-sized, mostly tropical raptors traditionally considered as an early diverged subfamily of the Accipitridae. We used nucleotide sequences of three genetic markers (mitochondrial Cyt b and COI, nuclear RAG-1) to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships of the Elaninae, other kites, and representatives of different families of diurnal raptors. Our results confirm the basal position of Elaninae, separated the latest in Early Miocene, including Chelictinia riocourii, which was not sequenced before and belongs to this group. Not only DNA data but also cytological, morphological, and ecological data show the singularity of Elaninae. We suggest elevating this group to family level as Elanidae within the order Accipitriformes. It includes Gampsonyx swainsonii as a monotypic subfamily because of distinctive traits and DNA sequence data. Taxonomic implications for other macrogroups of Accipitriformes are discussed.
Collapse
|
5
|
Nagai K, Nakayama F, Tokita KI, Kawakami K. Genetic Structure and Diversity of Two Populations of the Eastern Buzzard ( Buteo japonicus japonicus and B. j. toyoshimai) in Japan. Zoolog Sci 2020; 36:471-478. [PMID: 31833318 DOI: 10.2108/zs190030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The nominotypical subspecies of the Eastern buzzard (Buteo japonicus japonicus; BJJ) is a common raptor inhabiting East Asia and Japan. Another subspecies, B. j. toyoshimai (BJT), inhabits only the Bonin Islands of the Ogasawara Islands, where there are only an estimated 85 breeding pairs. Because of this low population size, this subspecies is classified as endangered (class IB) in Japan. The aims of the present study were to examine genetic differences between BJJ and BJT, determine the genetic structure of the Eastern Buzzard, and assess genetic diversity within each subspecies. We sequenced 1526 bp within the control region of the mtDNA of 10 BJJ individuals during the breeding season in four sites; similarly, we sequenced 23 BJJ individuals during winter in three sites. We detected 24 haplotypes among the 33 individuals. In a similar analysis performed with 12 BJT individuals, three haplotypes were detected. The phylogenetic analysis showed that BJJ and BJT have diverged into distinct clades, supporting the genetic differentiation between the subspecies. Network and mismatch distribution analyses indicated that BJJ may have experienced population expansion. In addition, comparisons with other raptors revealed a high degree of genetic diversity in the BJJ population. In contrast, the genetic diversity of the BJT population is lower than that in other raptors. Our results indicated that it is necessary to protect BJT to prevent the reduction in its genetic diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Nagai
- Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan.,Research and Education Centre for Natural Sciences, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8521, Japan,
| | | | - Ken-Ichi Tokita
- Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - Kazuto Kawakami
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
da Rocha DG, Kaefer IL. What has become of the refugia hypothesis to explain biological diversity in Amazonia? Ecol Evol 2019; 9:4302-4309. [PMID: 31016006 PMCID: PMC6468052 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The spatial distribution of biodiversity and related processes is the core of Biogeography. Amazonia is the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of diversity to several Neotropical regions. The origins of such diversity continue to be an unresolved question in evolutionary biology. Among many competing hypotheses to explain the evolution of the Amazonian biodiversity, one stands out as the most influential: the refugia hypothesis by Jürgen Haffer. Here, we provide a chronological overview on how the refugia hypothesis evolved over the decades and how the criticism from different fields affected its acceptance. We conclude that the refugia hypothesis alone cannot explain the diversification of the complex Amazonian diversity, and perhaps it was not the most important diversification mechanism. However, the debate provoked by refugia has produced a great amount of knowledge on Amazonian climatic, geological, and evolutionary processes, as well as on species distributions, movements, and history.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gomes da Rocha
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Conservation Biology, Graduate Group in EcologyUniversity of California, DavisDavisCalifornia
- Grupo de Ecologia e Conservação de Felinos na AmazôniaInstituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável MamirauáTeféBrazil
| | - Igor L. Kaefer
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do AmazonasManausBrazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Unravelling population processes over the Late Pleistocene driving contemporary genetic divergence in Palearctic buzzards. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2019; 134:269-281. [PMID: 30763758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Population range expansions and contractions as a response to climate and habitat change throughout the Quaternary are known to have contributed to complex phylogenetic and population genetic events. Speciation patterns and processes in Palearctic buzzards (genus Buteo) are a long-standing example of morphological and genetic data incongruence, attributed to panmixia, habitat range shifts, contact zones, and climate change. Here we assess the systematics, phylogeography and population genetic structure of three nominal species of Palearctic buzzards, Buteo buteo (including B. b. vulpinus), B. rufinus (including B. r. cirtensis) and B. hemilasius. Phylogenetic analyses inferred from mitochondrial data recover B. hemilasius as sister to the sister clades B. r. rufinus and B. buteo complex (B. b. buteo, B. b. vulpinus, but also including B. r. cirtensis). In contrast, we find an unresolved genetic delimitation inferred from four nuclear loci, suggesting an ancestral genetic pool for all species. Time-trees suggest population contractions and expansions throughout the Pleistocene, which likely reflect habitat change and contrasting ecological niche requirements between species. Microsatellite-based extended Bayesian skyline plots reveal relatively constant population sizes for B. hemilasius, B. r. rufinus, and B. b. vulpinus, in contrast to a dramatic population expansion in B. r. cirtensis within the last 3 kya. Overall, our study illustrates how complex population processes over the Late Pleistocene have shaped the patterns of genetic divergence in Palearctic buzzards, due to the joint effects of shared ancestral polymorphisms, population expansions and contractions, with hybridization at contact zones leading to admixture and introgression.
Collapse
|
8
|
Nagai K, Iseki F, Azuma A. Analysis of the Genetic Diversity and Structure of the Grey-Faced Buzzard ( Butastur indicus) in Japan, Based on mtDNA. Zoolog Sci 2019; 36:17-22. [PMID: 31116534 DOI: 10.2108/zs180077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The grey-faced buzzard (Butastur indicus) is a raptor that inhabits East Asia, including Japan. Because the number of individuals has decreased by 75% over the last 40 years, this species is classified as vulnerable (VU) in Japan. In the present study, wesought to reveal the genetic structure of the Japanese grey-faced buzzard population at several breeding sites, and to assess the levels of genetic diversity within the Japanese population. We sequenced 555 bp of the mitochondrial DNA of 96 individuals sampled during the breeding season at 18 sites, and 11 individuals sampled during the winter season at one site. In total, 21 variable sites were found in the control region, and we detected 26 haplotypes among the 107 individuals. Fukuoka represented the core breeding area for grey-faced buzzards, as half of all haplotypes were detected there. Four unique haplotypes were detected in the overwintering area. The results of the network and mismatch distribution analyses indicated that the grey-faced buzzard has not experienced a genetic bottleneck in the past, but did experience recent population expansion. In addition, comparisons with other raptors revealed rich genetic diversity in the grey-faced buzzard population. Our results indicate that conservation of both breeding and wintering areas is important for the protection of the grey-faced buzzard.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Nagai
- Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan.,Research and Education Centre for Natural Sciences, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8521, Japan,
| | - Fumitaka Iseki
- Working group on Threatened Wildlife, Nakatsu, Oita 879-0122, Japan
| | - Atsuki Azuma
- Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Colonization comprises the physical arrival of a species in a new area, but also its successful establishment within the local community. Oceanic islands, like the Hawaiian and the Galapagos archipelagos, represent excellent systems to study the mechanisms of colonization because of their historical isolation. In this chapter, we first review some of the major mechanisms by which parasites and vectors could arrive to an oceanic island, both naturally or due to human activities, and the factors that may influence their successful establishment in the insular host community. We then explore examples of natural and anthropogenic colonization of the Galapagos Islands by parasites and vectors, focusing on one or more case studies that best represent the diversity of colonization mechanisms that has shaped parasite distribution in the archipelago. Finally, we discuss future directions for research on parasite and vector colonization in Galapagos Islands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia G. Parker
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri – St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nagy J, Végvári Z, Varga Z. Life history traits, bioclimate, and migratory systems of accipitrid birds of prey (Aves: Accipitriformes). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blw021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
11
|
Broeckhoven C, Diedericks G, Hui C, Makhubo BG, Mouton PLFN. Enemy at the gates: Rapid defensive trait diversification in an adaptive radiation of lizards. Evolution 2016; 70:2647-2656. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.13062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chris Broeckhoven
- Department of Botany & Zoology Stellenbosch University Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602 Stellenbosch South Africa
- Theoretical Ecology Group, Department of Mathematical Sciences Stellenbosch University Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602 Stellenbosch South Africa
| | - Genevieve Diedericks
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology Stellenbosch University Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602 Stellenbosch South Africa
| | - Cang Hui
- Theoretical Ecology Group, Department of Mathematical Sciences Stellenbosch University Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602 Stellenbosch South Africa
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology Stellenbosch University Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602 Stellenbosch South Africa
- Theoretical and Physical Biosciences African Institute for Mathematical Sciences Cape Town 7945 South Africa
| | | | - P. le Fras N. Mouton
- Department of Botany & Zoology Stellenbosch University Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602 Stellenbosch South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Social and genetic mating system of Ridgway's hawk (Buteo ridgwayi), an endemic raptor on Hispaniola. JOURNAL OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1017/s0266467413000655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:Patterns of social organization and mating systems have been shown to be functions of ecological factors such as resource allocation and breeding density. In some species, particularly birds, social organization and genetic mating systems differ with molecular studies providing evidence of extra-pair young frequently occurring within broods of socially monogamous species. Here we examine the social and genetic mating system of an ecologically little-known forest raptor endemic to the island of Hispaniola in the Caribbean. From 2005–2009, our field observations of over 60 breeding pairs verified a social mating system of monogamy for the species. During the same time period, we collected blood samples (n= 146 birds, 48 nests) and used microsatellite profiles from 10 loci to estimate genetic relatedness among nestlings in a brood and assign putative fathers. We found no evidence of extra-pair paternity in 41 broods. We had one instance where a social male was not assigned as the putative father, however, the confidence level of this assignment was not significant since the genotypes of the social and assigned males were very similar. Our results support our hypothesis that genetic monogamy would be exhibited by Ridgway's hawk, an island-endemic tropical raptor.
Collapse
|
13
|
Zilio F, Bolzan A, de Mendonça-Lima A, da Silva CO, Verrastro L, Borges-Martins M. Raptor assemblages in grasslands of Southern Brazil: species richness and abundance and the influence of the survey method. Zool Stud 2013. [DOI: 10.1186/1810-522x-52-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
14
|
de Oliveira EHC, Tagliarini MM, dos Santos MS, O'Brien PCM, Ferguson-Smith MA. Chromosome painting in three species of buteoninae: a cytogenetic signature reinforces the monophyly of South American species. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70071. [PMID: 23922908 PMCID: PMC3724671 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Buteoninae (Falconiformes, Accipitridae) consist of the widely distributed genus Buteo, and several closely related species in a group called “sub-buteonine hawks”, such as Buteogallus, Parabuteo, Asturina, Leucopternis and Busarellus, with unsolved phylogenetic relationships. Diploid number ranges between 2n = 66 and 2n = 68. Only one species, L. albicollis had its karyotype analyzed by molecular cytogenetics. The aim of this study was to present chromosomal analysis of three species of Buteoninae: Rupornis magnirostris, Asturina nitida and Buteogallus meridionallis using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) experiments with telomeric and rDNA probes, as well as whole chromosome probes derived from Gallus gallus and Leucopternis albicollis. The three species analyzed herein showed similar karyotypes, with 2n = 68. Telomeric probes showed some interstitial telomeric sequences, which could be resulted by fusion processes occurred in the chromosomal evolution of the group, including the one found in the tassociation GGA1p/GGA6. In fact, this association was observed in all the three species analyzed in this paper, and also in L. albicollis, suggesting that it represents a cytogenetic signature which reinforces the monophyly of Neotropical buteoninae species.
Collapse
|
15
|
Quintero I, Wiens JJ. Rates of projected climate change dramatically exceed past rates of climatic niche evolution among vertebrate species. Ecol Lett 2013; 16:1095-103. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.12144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Quintero
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Yale University; New Haven; CT; 06511; USA
| | - John J. Wiens
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of Arizona; Tucson; AZ; 85721; USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Raposo do Amaral F, Albers PK, Edwards SV, Miyaki CY. Multilocus tests of Pleistocene refugia and ancient divergence in a pair of Atlantic Forest antbirds (Myrmeciza). Mol Ecol 2013; 22:3996-4013. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.12361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Raposo do Amaral
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva; Universidade de São Paulo; Rua do Matão, 277, Cidade Universitária São Paulo SP CEP 05508-090 Brazil
| | - Patrick K. Albers
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology; Harvard University; 26 Oxford Street Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - Scott V. Edwards
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology; Harvard University; 26 Oxford Street Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - Cristina Y. Miyaki
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva; Universidade de São Paulo; Rua do Matão, 277, Cidade Universitária São Paulo SP CEP 05508-090 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Brassey CA, Kitchener AC, Withers PJ, Manning PL, Sellers WI. The Role of Cross-Sectional Geometry, Curvature, and Limb Posture in Maintaining Equal Safety Factors: A Computed Tomography Study. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2013; 296:395-413. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.22658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 12/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew C. Kitchener
- Department of Natural Sciences; National Museum of Scotland; Edinburgh United Kingdom
- Institute of Geography; School of Geosciences; University of Edinburgh; Drummond Street Edinburgh United Kingdom
| | - Philip J. Withers
- Henry Moseley X-Ray Imaging Facility; School of Materials; University of Manchester; Manchester United Kingdom
| | - Phillip L. Manning
- School of Earth; Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences; University of Manchester; Manchester United Kingdom
| | - William I. Sellers
- Faculty of Life Sciences; University of Manchester; Manchester United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Holt BG, Lessard JP, Borregaard MK, Fritz SA, Araújo MB, Dimitrov D, Fabre PH, Graham CH, Graves GR, Jønsson KA, Nogués-Bravo D, Wang Z, Whittaker RJ, Fjeldså J, Rahbek C. An Update of Wallace’s Zoogeographic Regions of the World. Science 2012; 339:74-8. [PMID: 23258408 DOI: 10.1126/science.1228282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 516] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Modern attempts to produce biogeographic maps focus on the distribution of species, and the maps are typically drawn without phylogenetic considerations. Here, we generate a global map of zoogeographic regions by combining data on the distributions and phylogenetic relationships of 21,037 species of amphibians, birds, and mammals. We identify 20 distinct zoogeographic regions, which are grouped into 11 larger realms. We document the lack of support for several regions previously defined based on distributional data and show that spatial turnover in the phylogenetic composition of vertebrate assemblages is higher in the Southern than in the Northern Hemisphere. We further show that the integration of phylogenetic information provides valuable insight on historical relationships among regions, permitting the identification of evolutionarily unique regions of the world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ben G Holt
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution, and Climate, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bravo GA, Remsen J, Whitney BM, Brumfield RT. DNA sequence data reveal a subfamily-level divergence within Thamnophilidae (Aves: Passeriformes). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2012; 65:287-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2012.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
20
|
Pellegrino KC, Rodrigues MT, James Harris D, Yonenaga-Yassuda Y, Sites JW. Molecular phylogeny, biogeography and insights into the origin of parthenogenesis in the Neotropical genus Leposoma (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae): Ancient links between the Atlantic Forest and Amazonia. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2011; 61:446-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2011.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2011] [Revised: 07/05/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
21
|
|