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Barbosa MDM, de Lima LMA, Alves WADS, de Lima EKB, da Silva LA, da Silva TD, Postal K, Ramadan M, Kostenkova K, Gomes DA, Nunes GG, Pereira MC, da Silva WE, Belian MF, Crans DC, Lira EC. In Vitro, Oral Acute, and Repeated 28-Day Oral Dose Toxicity of a Mixed-Valence Polyoxovanadate Cluster. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1232. [PMID: 37765040 PMCID: PMC10536805 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyoxovanadates (POV) are a subgroup of polyoxometalates (POM), which are nanosized clusters with reported biological activities. This manuscript describes the first toxicity evaluation of a mixed-valence polyoxovanadate, pentadecavanadate, (Me4N)6[V15O36Cl], abbreviated as V15. Cytotoxicity experiments using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), larvae of Artemia salina Leach, and in vivo oral acute and repeated 28-day doses in mice was carried out. The LC50 values in PBMC cells and A. salina were 17.5 ± 5.8 μmol L-1, and 17.9 µg L-1, respectively, which indicates high cytotoxic activity. The toxicity in mice was not observed upon acute exposure in a single dose, however, the V15 repeated 28-day oral administration demonstrated high toxicity using 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg and, 300 mg/kg doses. The biochemical and hematological analyses during the 28-day administration of V15 showed significant alteration of the metabolic parameters related to the kidney and liver, suggesting moderate toxicity. The V15 toxicity was attributed to the oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, once thiobarbituric acid (TBAR) levels significantly increased in both males and females treated with high doses of the POV and also in males treated with a lower dose of the POV. This is the first study reporting a treatment-related mortality in animals acutely administrated with a mixed-valence POV, contrasting with the well-known, less toxic decavanadate. These results document the toxicity of this mixed-valence POV, which may not be suitable for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana de M. Barbosa
- Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (M.d.M.B.); (W.A.d.S.A.); (E.K.B.d.L.); (L.A.d.S.); (T.D.d.S.); (D.A.G.); (M.C.P.)
| | - Lidiane M. A. de Lima
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife 52171-900, PE, Brazil; (L.M.A.d.L.); (W.E.d.S.); (M.F.B.)
| | - Widarlane A. da S. Alves
- Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (M.d.M.B.); (W.A.d.S.A.); (E.K.B.d.L.); (L.A.d.S.); (T.D.d.S.); (D.A.G.); (M.C.P.)
| | - Eucilene K. B. de Lima
- Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (M.d.M.B.); (W.A.d.S.A.); (E.K.B.d.L.); (L.A.d.S.); (T.D.d.S.); (D.A.G.); (M.C.P.)
| | - Luzia A. da Silva
- Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (M.d.M.B.); (W.A.d.S.A.); (E.K.B.d.L.); (L.A.d.S.); (T.D.d.S.); (D.A.G.); (M.C.P.)
| | - Thiago D. da Silva
- Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (M.d.M.B.); (W.A.d.S.A.); (E.K.B.d.L.); (L.A.d.S.); (T.D.d.S.); (D.A.G.); (M.C.P.)
| | - Kahoana Postal
- Centro Politécnico, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81530-900, PR, Brazil; (K.P.); (G.G.N.)
| | - Mohammad Ramadan
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (M.R.); (K.K.)
| | - Kateryna Kostenkova
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (M.R.); (K.K.)
| | - Dayane A. Gomes
- Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (M.d.M.B.); (W.A.d.S.A.); (E.K.B.d.L.); (L.A.d.S.); (T.D.d.S.); (D.A.G.); (M.C.P.)
| | - Giovana G. Nunes
- Centro Politécnico, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81530-900, PR, Brazil; (K.P.); (G.G.N.)
| | - Michelly C. Pereira
- Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (M.d.M.B.); (W.A.d.S.A.); (E.K.B.d.L.); (L.A.d.S.); (T.D.d.S.); (D.A.G.); (M.C.P.)
| | - Wagner E. da Silva
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife 52171-900, PE, Brazil; (L.M.A.d.L.); (W.E.d.S.); (M.F.B.)
| | - Mônica F. Belian
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife 52171-900, PE, Brazil; (L.M.A.d.L.); (W.E.d.S.); (M.F.B.)
| | - Debbie C. Crans
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (M.R.); (K.K.)
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Eduardo C. Lira
- Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (M.d.M.B.); (W.A.d.S.A.); (E.K.B.d.L.); (L.A.d.S.); (T.D.d.S.); (D.A.G.); (M.C.P.)
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Ablimit A, Yu Y, Jin X, Li JS. Effect of Momordica charantia polysaccharide on immunomodulatory activity in mice. Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:307. [PMID: 37273762 PMCID: PMC10236142 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Momordica charantia polysaccharides (MCPs) have been reported to exert beneficial roles, such as disease healing, in medicine and pharmacy. However, little is known about their effects on immunomodulation. The present study aimed to explore the possible effects of Momordica charantia polysaccharide (MCP) on the immunomodulatory activity of mice lymphocytes. To this aim, male BALB/c mice aged 6-8 weeks were assigned to the following six experimental groups: i) Normal (NG); ii) model (MG); iii) positive (PG); iv) MCP low-dose (MLG); v) MCP medium-dose (MMG); and vi) MCP high-dose (MHG). An immunosuppressive model was established by the intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide in all groups apart from NG. The NG and MG mice were fed with distilled water, whereas the PG mice were administered with levamisole and the MLG, MMG and MHG mice were fed on low, medium and high (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg, respectively) doses of MCP for 21 consecutive days. Subsequently, the mice underwent surgical procedure and were analysed using a range of procedures, including measurement of the thymus index (TI) and spleen index (SI), assessment of the lymphocyte proliferation rate and cell phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages, lymphocyte proliferation, secretion and mRNA expression of cytokines IFN-γ, IL-6 and IL-12. The mice divided into six groups as mentioned above and treated for 7 days, in the first 6 days, except NG group, mice in each group were desiccated in the abdominal cavity and sensitized by 1% dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB). On day 6, mice were sensitized with 20 µl DNFB/acetone/olive oil solution behind the right ear and in front of the right ear. Compared with those in the NG mice (not injected with 80 mg/kg cyclophosphamide), the TIs and SIs of the PG, MLG, MMG and MHG mice were increased. In addition, the inhibitory rate of ear swelling and the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages in the PG, MLG, MMG and MHG mice were increased compared with those of MG. Furthermore, the lymphocyte proliferation rate, the secretion and relative mRNA expression levels of cytokines IFN-γ, IL-6 and IL-12 were significantly increased in the PG, MMG and MHG mice compared with those in the NG mice. The results from the present study suggest that treatment with MCP led to an upregulation of the organ indices of immunosuppressed mice, reduced their delayed allergic reaction indicated by the differential cytokine levels, improved the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages, enhanced the proliferation rate of lymphocytes, increased the secretion and expression of IFN-γ, IL-6 and IL-12. Therefore, MCP may improve the immune function of the immunosuppressed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arzugul Ablimit
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Shuang Li
- Department of Animal Husbandry Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
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UMAR M, QIAN W, LIU Q, XING S, LI X, YANG X, FAN Y, MA D, JIANG P, LI M. Study on the Pharmacological Character of an Insulin-Mimetic Small Molecular Compound of Vanadyl Trehalose. Physiol Res 2020; 69:481-490. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effect of vanadyl trehalose (VT) on oxidative stress and reduced glutathione/glutathione-S-transferase (GSH/GSTs) pathway gene expression in mouse gastrointestinal tract, as well as the protective effects of vitamin C (VC) and reduced glutathione (GSH). Thirty male Kunming mice were randomly divided into five groups: control group (group A), VT group (group B), VC + VT group (group C), GSH + VT group (group D) and VC + GSH + VT group (group E). The content of reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and the expressions of glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC), glutathione synthetase (GSS), regulated through glutathione reductase (GSR) and glutathione-S-transferase pi (GSTpi) in stomach and duodenum in vanadyl trehalose treated group were lower than those in group A (P<0.05). The C, D, E group can significantly improve the above indicators, but those only in the stomach in E group reached the level of the control group. Vanadyl trehalose (VT) was able to cause oxidative stress damage to the gastrointestinal tract of mice, which affects GSH content and GSH-Px activity and interferes with the normal expression of GSH/GSTs pathway. Exogenous vitamin C, reduced glutathione and the combination of the two could play a specific role in antioxidant protection and reduce the toxicity of vanadyl trehalose.
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Affiliation(s)
- M UMAR
- Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, Life Science College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Q LIU
- Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, Life Science College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - S XING
- Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, Life Science College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - X LI
- Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, Life Science College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - X YANG
- Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, Life Science College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Y FAN
- Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, Life Science College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - D MA
- Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, Life Science College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - P JIANG
- Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, Life Science College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - M LI
- Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, Life Science College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Sun W, Liu C, Luo J, Niu C, Wang J, Zheng F, Li Q. Residue analysis of gibberellic acid isomer (iso-GA3) in brewing process and its toxicity evaluation in mice. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 110:104514. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2019.104514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Acute oral toxicity test and assessment of combined toxicity of cadmium and aflatoxin B 1 in kunming mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 131:110577. [PMID: 31220534 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) are both common and widespread pollutants in food and feed. There are several reports on toxicity induced by Cadmium or AFB1 alone, but few address the toxicity caused by co-exposure to the two substances. In this study, 42 female and 42 male Kunming (KM) mice were divided into seven groups to test the acute oral toxicity of CdCl2 and AFB1, using Karber's method. The combined toxicity was assessed using the Keplinger evaluation system. Acute toxicity symptoms, deaths, and body and organ weights were evaluated, and hematological, blood biochemical, and histopathological analyses were conducted. The results revealed the following median lethal doses (LD50): LD50(Female KM mice) = 62.56 mg/kg; LD50(Male KM mice) = 48.79 mg/kg; LD50(KM mice)=55.27 mg/kg. The combined toxicity of AFB1 and CdCl2 showed an additive effect in mice, and an increase in the mixed dose of AFB1 and CdCl2 resulted in greater toxicity. These results demonstrated that the combined toxicity of AFB1 and CdCl2 was greater than the toxicities of the individual components in mice; thus, this may cause particular challenges when addressing these hazards in food and feed and the associated risk to human and animal health.
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Samira M, Mounira T, Kamel K, Yacoubi MT, Ben Rhouma K, Sakly M, Tebourbi O. Hepatotoxicity of vanadyl sulfate in nondiabetic and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 96:1076-1083. [PMID: 30075092 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2018-0255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of vanadyl sulfate (VOSO4) on the livers of nondiabetic and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Rats were divided into 6 groups. Groups 1, 2, and 3 consisted of nondiabetic rats that were, respectively, control animals or those receiving an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of either 5 or 10 mg·kg-1 (i.p.) VOSO4 for 30 days. Groups 4, 5, and 6 consisted of diabetic animals that were, respectively, control animals or those treated with 5 or 10 mg·kg-1 (i.p.) VOSO4 for 30 days. Results showed that VOSO4 reduced body mass in nondiabetic rats, whereas it increased body mass in diabetic groups. Plasma transaminases (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase), lactate dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase activities and malondialdehyde levels were increased, while liver catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were profoundly decreased in diabetic animals in comparison with enzyme activities in the nondiabetic group. Rats in the diabetic group also showed notable oxidative damage to the liver. Treatment of diabetic rats with VOSO4 decreased the hepatotoxic markers, significantly restored the activities of antioxidant enzymes, and attenuated histopathological changes in liver tissue. In nondiabetic rats, VOSO4 treatment increased most of the hepatotoxic markers, reduced antioxidant enzyme activities, and induced pronounced oxidative damage in liver tissue. These data suggest that treatment with VOSO4 exerts toxic effects in healthy animals and significantly prevents liver oxidative damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, but without total safety. Further studies are needed to clarify its mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Missaoui Samira
- a Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Tlili Mounira
- a Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Kacem Kamel
- a Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Tahar Yacoubi
- b Department of Pathological Anatomy, Farhat Hached University Hospital, 4002 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Khemais Ben Rhouma
- a Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Mohsen Sakly
- a Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Tebourbi
- a Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia
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Jiang P, Liu Q, Ni Z, Wei Q, Li X, Xing S, Kong D, Li M. Primary study on the toxic mechanism of vanadyl trehalose in Kunming mice. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 94:1-7. [PMID: 29305949 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It has been shown that vanadyl trehalose could lower blood glucose but show mild toxicity to the stomach and intestine in diabetic Kunming mice. We analysed antioxidant levels, pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, apoptosis factors and intestinal microflora alteration to explore the mechanism of vanadyl trehalose toxicity in Kunming mice. The results revealed that oral administration of vanadyl trehalose at tested dose caused significant changes in oxidative stress factor (MDA levels elevated but SOD and T-AOC decreased), expression of inflammatory factor (IL-1β, COX-2, TNF-α and iNOS increased), and apoptosis factor (Bcl-2/Bax decreased and caspase-3 increased), and intestinal microflora dysbiosis (the number of Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus increased and Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium decreased) relative to the control of Kunming mice. These results suggest that the toxic mechanisms of vanadyl trehalose on the stomach and intestine likely involve activation of the oxidative stress system, increased inflammatory response, promotion of apoptosis and the disruption of the normal intestinal microflora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingzhe Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiqi Liu
- Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Zaizhong Ni
- Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Wei
- Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaodan Li
- Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuguang Xing
- Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Deling Kong
- Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Minggang Li
- Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China.
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