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Furlan A, Adameyko I. Schwann cell precursor: a neural crest cell in disguise? Dev Biol 2018; 444 Suppl 1:S25-S35. [PMID: 29454705 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Schwann cell precursors (SCPs) are multipotent embryonic progenitors covering all developing peripheral nerves. These nerves grow and navigate with unprecedented precision, delivering SCP progenitors to almost all locations in the embryonic body. Within specific developing tissues, SCPs detach from nerves and generate neuroendocrine cells, autonomic neurons, mature Schwann cells, melanocytes and other cell types. These properties of SCPs evoke resemblances between them and their parental population, namely, neural crest cells. Neural crest cells are incredibly multipotent migratory cells that revolutionized the course of evolution in the lineage of early chordate animals. Given this similarity and recent data, it is possible to hypothesize that proto-neural crest cells are similar to SCPs spreading along the nerves. Here, we review the multipotency of SCPs, the signals that govern them, their potential therapeutic value, SCP's embryonic origin and their evolutionary connections. We dedicate this article to the memory of Wilhelm His, the father of the microtome and "Zwischenstrang", currently known as the neural crest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Furlan
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724 USA
| | - Igor Adameyko
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Brain Research, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Adameyko
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden. .,Center for Brain Research, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Bosch TCG, Klimovich A, Domazet-Lošo T, Gründer S, Holstein TW, Jékely G, Miller DJ, Murillo-Rincon AP, Rentzsch F, Richards GS, Schröder K, Technau U, Yuste R. Back to the Basics: Cnidarians Start to Fire. Trends Neurosci 2016; 40:92-105. [PMID: 28041633 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The nervous systems of cnidarians, pre-bilaterian animals that diverged close to the base of the metazoan radiation, are structurally simple and thus have great potential to reveal fundamental principles of neural circuits. Unfortunately, cnidarians have thus far been relatively intractable to electrophysiological and genetic techniques and consequently have been largely passed over by neurobiologists. However, recent advances in molecular and imaging methods are fueling a renaissance of interest in and research into cnidarians nervous systems. Here, we review current knowledge on the nervous systems of cnidarian species and propose that researchers should seize this opportunity and undertake the study of members of this phylum as strategic experimental systems with great basic and translational relevance for neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tomislav Domazet-Lošo
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia; Catholic University of Croatia, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Stefan Gründer
- Institute of Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
| | | | - Gáspár Jékely
- Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - David J Miller
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, Townsville, Australia
| | | | - Fabian Rentzsch
- Sars International Centre for Marine Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Gemma S Richards
- Sars International Centre for Marine Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Norway; University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | | | - Rafael Yuste
- Neurotechnology Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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Singh AP, Dinwiddie A, Mahalwar P, Schach U, Linker C, Irion U, Nüsslein-Volhard C. Pigment Cell Progenitors in Zebrafish Remain Multipotent through Metamorphosis. Dev Cell 2016; 38:316-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2016.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Adameyko I, Fried K. The Nervous System Orchestrates and Integrates Craniofacial Development: A Review. Front Physiol 2016; 7:49. [PMID: 26924989 PMCID: PMC4759458 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of a head is a dazzlingly complex process: a number of distinct cellular sources including cranial ecto- and endoderm, mesoderm and neural crest contribute to facial and other structures. In the head, an extremely fine-tuned developmental coordination of CNS, peripheral neural components, sensory organs and a musculo-skeletal apparatus occurs, which provides protection and functional integration. The face can to a large extent be considered as an assembly of sensory systems encased and functionally fused with appendages represented by jaws. Here we review how the developing brain, neurogenic placodes and peripheral nerves influence the morphogenesis of surrounding tissues as a part of various general integrative processes in the head. The mechanisms of this impact, as we understand it now, span from the targeted release of the morphogens necessary for shaping to providing a niche for cellular sources required in later development. In this review we also discuss the most recent findings and ideas related to how peripheral nerves and nerve-associated cells contribute to craniofacial development, including teeth, during the post- neural crest period and potentially in regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Adameyko
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska InstitutetStockholm, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center of Brain Research, Medical University of ViennaVienna, Austria
| | - Kaj Fried
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm, Sweden
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Abstract
The peripheral nerve is composed of several layers of fascia tissue, which can become a source of pain if the way they slide is impeded. It is only recently that fascial osteopathy research has been aimed at understanding what happens to the fascia following treatment, and as a result of previous studies, we are able to highlight some of the benefits, including a reduction in local pain and inflammation. The osteopathic approach to the fascial system of the peripheral nerve does not have a grounding in scientific research, being based instead on the clinical experience of individual operators, despite peripheral nerve palpation being used as a method to evaluate and test its function. The authors wish to encourage the initiation of new research in the fields of academic and clinical osteopathy that is aimed at quantifying the possible benefits a patient may derive from osteopathic treatment of the peripheral nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Bordoni
- Department of Cardiology, Santa Maria Nascente Institute IRCCS - Hospitalization and Care with Scientific Address, Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, Milan, Italy ; School TCIO Milano - Osteopathy Institute, Milan, Italy ; Edi-Ermes, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bordoni
- CRESO School, Osteopathic Centre for Research and Studies, Falconara Marittima, Ancona, Italy
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Starunov VV, Dray N, Belikova EV, Kerner P, Vervoort M, Balavoine G. A metameric origin for the annelid pygidium? BMC Evol Biol 2015; 15:25. [PMID: 25880037 PMCID: PMC4357181 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-015-0299-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Segmented body organizations are widely represented in the animal kingdom. Whether the last common bilaterian ancestor was already segmented is intensely debated. Annelids display broad morphological diversity but many species are among the most homonomous metameric animals. The front end (prostomium) and tail piece (pygidium) of annelids are classically described as non-segmental. However, the pygidium structure and development remain poorly studied. RESULTS Using different methods of microscopy, immunolabelling and a number of molecular markers, we describe the neural and mesodermal structures of the pygidium of Platynereis dumerilii. We establish that the pygidium possesses a complicated nervous system with a nerve ring and a pair of sensory ganglia, a complex intrinsic musculature, a large terminal circular blood sinus and an unusual unpaired torus-shaped coelomic cavity. We also describe some earlier steps of pygidial development and pygidial structure of mature animals after epitokous transformation. CONCLUSIONS We describe a much more complex organization of the pygidium of P. dumerilii than previously suggested. Many of the characteristics are strikingly similar to those found in the trunk segments, opening the debate on whether the pygidium and trunk segments derive from the same ancestral metameric unit. We analyze these scenarios in the context of two classical theories on the origin of segmentation: the cyclomeric/archicoelomate concept and the colonial theory. Both theories provide possible explanations for the partial or complete homology of trunk segments and pygidium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor V Starunov
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Saint-Petersburg State University/ Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
- Zoological Institute RAS/ Universitetskaya nab. 1, 199034, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Nicolas Dray
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS/Université Paris Diderot, 15 rue Hélène Brion, 75013, Paris, France.
| | - Elena V Belikova
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Saint-Petersburg State University/ Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Pierre Kerner
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS/Université Paris Diderot, 15 rue Hélène Brion, 75013, Paris, France.
| | - Michel Vervoort
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS/Université Paris Diderot, 15 rue Hélène Brion, 75013, Paris, France.
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
| | - Guillaume Balavoine
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS/Université Paris Diderot, 15 rue Hélène Brion, 75013, Paris, France.
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