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Osaki J, Yamazaki S, Hikita A, Hoshi K. Hematopoietic progenitor cells specifically induce a unique immune response in dental pulp under conditions of systemic inflammation. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08904. [PMID: 35198771 PMCID: PMC8842015 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Teeth are exposed to various stimuli, including bacterial, thermal, and physical stimuli. Therefore, immune cells present in the normal dental pulp and the immune response to these stimuli have been studied. However, the relationship between systemic inflammation, such as that induced by viral infection, and changes occurring in dental pulp is not well known. This study aimed to investigate the immunological and hematological responses to systemic inflammation in dental pulp. Poly(I:C), a toll-like receptor 3 agonist, was injected into mice every two days to simulate a systemic inflammatory state in which type I interferon (IFN–I) was produced. The untreated normal state was defined as a steady state, and the states of acute and chronic inflammation were defined according to the period of administration. Changes in the abundance and dynamics of hematopoietic and immune cells in dental pulp, bone marrow and peripheral blood were quantitatively investigated in the steady state and under conditions of inflammation induced by IFN-l. We found that dental pulp in the steady state contained only a few hematopoietic cells, but a greater variety of immune cells than previously reported. B cells were also found in the steady state. An increase in multipotent progenitor cell levels was observed in the dental pulp during both acute and chronic inflammation. The increased multipotent progenitor cells in the dental pulp during acute inflammation tended to differentiate into the myeloid lineage. On the other hand, there was an influx of B cells into the dental pulp during chronic inflammation. These results revealed that a unique immune response is induced in the dental pulp by systemic inflammation, which would lead to a significant change in the perspective of dentists on the utility of dental pulp in the management of systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Osaki
- Department of Sensory and Motor System Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamazaki
- Division of Stem Cell Biology, Center for Stem Cell Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, 4-6-1 Shirokane-dai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.,Laboratory of Stem Cell Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Hikita
- Department of Tissue Engineering, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kazuto Hoshi
- Department of Sensory and Motor System Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.,Department of Tissue Engineering, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.,Department of Oral-maxillofacial Surgery, Dentistry and Orthodontics, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
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Mai BHA, Drancourt M, Aboudharam G. Ancient dental pulp: Masterpiece tissue for paleomicrobiology. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1202. [PMID: 32233019 PMCID: PMC7284042 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dental pulp with special structure has become a good reference sample in paleomicrobiology‐related blood‐borne diseases, many pathogens were detected by different methods based on the diagnosis of nucleic acids and proteins. Objectives This review aims to propose the preparation process from ancient teeth collection to organic molecule extraction of dental pulp and summary, analyze the methods that have been applied to detect septicemic pathogens through ancient dental pulps during the past 20 years following the first detection of an ancient microbe. Methods The papers used in this review with two main objectives were obtained from PubMed and Google scholar with combining keywords: “ancient,” “dental pulp,” “teeth,” “anatomy,” “structure,” “collection,” “preservation,” “selection,” “photography,” “radiography,” “contamination,” “decontamination,” “DNA,” “protein,” “extraction,” “bone,” “paleomicrobiology,” “bacteria,” “virus,” “pathogen,” “molecular biology,” “proteomics,” “PCR,” “MALDI‐TOF,” “LC/MS,” “ELISA,” “immunology,” “immunochromatography,” “genome,” “microbiome,” “metagenomics.” Results The analysis of ancient dental pulp should have a careful preparation process with many different steps to give highly accurate results, each step complies with the rules in archaeology and paleomicrobiology. After the collection of organic molecules from dental pulp, they were investigated for pathogen identification based on the analysis of DNA and protein. Actually, DNA approach takes a principal role in diagnosis while the protein approach is more and more used. A total of seven techniques was used and ten bacteria (Yersinia pestis, Bartonella quintana, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi C, Mycobacterium leprae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Rickettsia prowazeki, Staphylococcus aureus, Borrelia recurrentis, Bartonella henselae) and one virus (Anelloviridae) were identified. Y. pestis had the most published in quantity and all methods were investigated for this pathogen, S. aureus and B. recurrentis were identified by three different methods and others only by one. The combining methods interestingly increase the positive rate with ELISA, PCR and iPCR in Yersinia pestis diagnosis. Twenty‐seven ancient genomes of Y. pestis and one ancient genome of B. recurrentis were reconstructed. Comparing to the ancient bone, ancient teeth showed more advantage in septicemic diagnosis. Beside pathogen identification, ancient pulp help to distinguish species. Conclusions Dental pulp with specific tissue is a suitable sample for detection of the blood infection in the past through DNA and protein identification with the correct preparation process, furthermore, it helps to more understand the pathogens of historic diseases and epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ba Hoang Anh Mai
- Aix-Marseille Université, IRD, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam
| | - Michel Drancourt
- Aix-Marseille Université, IRD, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Gérard Aboudharam
- Aix-Marseille Université, IRD, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,UFR Odontologie, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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Robbins MR. Recent Recommendations for Management of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Patients. Dent Clin North Am 2018; 61:365-387. [PMID: 28317571 DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has become a chronic condition. HIV is not a valid reason to deny, delay, or withhold dental treatment. There are no absolute contraindications and few complications associated with comprehensive oral health care treatment delivered in an outpatient setting for asymptomatic HIV-infected patients and clinically stable patients with AIDS. Consultation with the patient's medical provider and modifications in the delivery of dental treatment may be necessary when treating patients with advanced HIV disease or other comorbid conditions. Oral health care is an integral and important part of comprehensive health care for all patients with HIV/AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam R Robbins
- Department of Dental Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, 200 Old Country Road, Suite 460, Mineola, NY 11501, USA; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 E. 24th Street, New York, NY 10010, USA.
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4
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Rotstein I. Interaction between endodontics and periodontics. Periodontol 2000 2017; 74:11-39. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Siravenha LG, Siravenha LQ, Madeira LDP, Oliveira-Filho AB, Machado LFA, Martins Feitosa RN, Vallinoto ACR, Ishak MDOG, Ishak R. Detection of HCV Persistent Infections in the Dental Pulp: A Novel Approach for the Detection of Past and Ancient Infections. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165272. [PMID: 27783693 PMCID: PMC5082628 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The dental pulp is a sterile highly vascularized tissue and has been commonly used as a biological material to detect the genome of infectious agents that reach the dental tissue. Indeed, the pulp is also used to reveal past and ancient infections in the field of paleomicrobiology. The present study aimed to detect the presence of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) in a small community (approximately 400 inhabitants) in the Amazon region of Brazil (Nossa Senhora do Perpetuo Socorro, Vizeu, Para, Brazil) and standardize a technique for the detection of the virus in the dental pulp. Serum samples were collected from 48 patients whose teeth were clinically recommended for surgical extraction. The group comprised an equal number of males and females, mostly agriculture workers and housewives, respectively. The majority (64.6%) received less than one minimum wage and were ill educated (less than four years of school years). An enzyme immune assay was used to detect antibodies to HCV and the 9 (18.8%) positive samples were submitted to nucleic acid extraction in the blood (using the EXTRAzol) and the pulp (QIAamp DNA Micro Kit e kit RNeasy Plus Micro). The pulp was removed using a modified protocol without the use of liquid nitrogen. Nucleic acid was found in 8 of the dental pulp, but in 7 of the blood samples. Sequencing of one of the samples showed the presence of genotype 1. CONCLUSIONS A novel simplified methodology for the extraction and amplification of HCV nucleic acid was successful to detect the presence of persistent infections of the virus within the dental pulp tissue. The protocol may be helpful to detect past and ancient infections and to better understand the natural history of HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla Gomes Siravenha
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Guamá, Belém, Pará, Brasil
| | - Leonardo Quintão Siravenha
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Guamá, Belém, Pará, Brasil
| | - Lucimar Di Paula Madeira
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Guamá, Belém, Pará, Brasil
| | | | - Luiz Fernando Almeida Machado
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Guamá, Belém, Pará, Brasil
| | - Rosimar Neris Martins Feitosa
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Guamá, Belém, Pará, Brasil
| | | | | | - Ricardo Ishak
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Guamá, Belém, Pará, Brasil
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Fontes TV, Ferreira SMS, Silva-Júnior A, Dos Santos Marotta P, Noce CW, Ferreira DDC, Gonçalves LS. Periradicular lesions in HIV-infected patients attending the faculty of dentistry: clinical findings, socio-demographics status, habits and laboratory data - seeking an association. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2014; 69:627-33. [PMID: 25318095 PMCID: PMC4192428 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2014(09)09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of periradicular lesions in HIV-infected Brazilian patients and to assess the correlation of several factors with the periradicular status. METHOD One hundred full-mouth periapical radiographs were evaluated. A total of 2,214 teeth were evaluated for the presence of periradicular lesions, caries lesions, coronal restorations, pulp cavity exposure and endodontic treatment. RESULTS The prevalence of periradicular lesions was 46%. There were no significant differences between individuals with or without periradicular lesions with respect to their socio-demographic status, habits, laboratory data and route of HIV infection. However, the presence of a periradicular lesion was statistically correlated with the number of teeth with endodontic treatment (p = 0.018), inadequate endodontic treatment (p = 0.025), images suggesting pulp cavity exposure (p = 0.002) and caries lesions (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of periradicular lesions in HIV-infected individuals was 46% and was not related to HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Arley Silva-Júnior
- Oral Pathology, Fluminense Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Cesar Werneck Noce
- Oral Pathology, Fluminense Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Dennis de Carvalho Ferreira
- Proc. n° BEX 9203, Bolsista da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), CAPES Foundation, Brasília, DF, Brazil
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Khuller N, Basavaraj P, Chandrasheker KT. Periodontic-Endodontic Interrelationship – A Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.5005/johcd-4-spl-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Pulpal and periodontal problems are responsible for more than 50% of tooth mortality today. There is general agreement today that the vast majority of pulpal and periodontal lesions are a result of bacterial infection. Under which conditions and especially in which direction spread of the disease occurs in the pulpo-periodontal continuum remains a matter of controversy. Diagnosis is complicated by the fact that these diseases are too frequently viewed as independent entities when recognition of their interrelationship is critical to successful resolution & treatment of these lesions often requires combined periodontic & endodontic therapy
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Rosaline H, Satish ES, Kandaswamy D. Detection of presence or absence of herpes simplex virus, Epstein Barr virus and human cytomegalovirus in infected pulp using a polymerase chain reaction. AUST ENDOD J 2009; 35:9-12. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-4477.2007.00108.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tran-Hung L, Tran-Thi N, Aboudharam G, Raoult D, Drancourt M. A new method to extract dental pulp DNA: application to universal detection of bacteria. PLoS One 2007; 2:e1062. [PMID: 17957246 PMCID: PMC2031827 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0001062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2007] [Accepted: 10/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dental pulp is used for PCR-based detection of DNA derived from host and bacteremic microorganims. Current protocols require odontology expertise for proper recovery of the dental pulp. Dental pulp specimen exposed to laboratory environment yields contaminants detected using universal 16S rDNA-based detection of bacteria. Methodology/Principal Findings We developed a new protocol by encasing decontaminated tooth into sterile resin, extracting DNA into the dental pulp chamber itself and decontaminating PCR reagents by filtration and double restriction enzyme digestion. Application to 16S rDNA-based detection of bacteria in 144 teeth collected in 86 healthy people yielded a unique sequence in only 14 teeth (9.7%) from 12 individuals (14%). Each individual yielded a unique 16S rDNA sequence in 1–2 teeth per individual. Negative controls remained negative. Bacterial identifications were all confirmed by amplification and sequencing of specific rpoB sequence. Conclusions/Significance The new protocol prevented laboratory contamination of the dental pulp. It allowed the detection of bacteria responsible for dental pulp colonization from blood and periodontal tissue. Only 10% such samples contained 16S rDNA. It provides a new tool for the retrospective diagnostic of bacteremia by allowing the universal detection of bacterial DNA in animal and human, contemporary or ancient tooth. It could be further applied to identification of host DNA in forensic medicine and anthropology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lam Tran-Hung
- Unité des Rickettsies, CNRS UMR 6020, IFR 48, Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France
| | - Ny Tran-Thi
- Unité des Rickettsies, CNRS UMR 6020, IFR 48, Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France
| | - Gérard Aboudharam
- Unité des Rickettsies, CNRS UMR 6020, IFR 48, Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- Unité des Rickettsies, CNRS UMR 6020, IFR 48, Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| | - Michel Drancourt
- Unité des Rickettsies, CNRS UMR 6020, IFR 48, Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France
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ROTSTEIN ILAN, SIMON JAMESH. The endo-perio lesion: a critical appraisal of the disease condition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-1546.2006.00211.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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11
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Aboudharam G, Fournier PE, Drancourt M, Raoult D, Foucault C, Brouqui P. Molecular detection of Bartonella quintana DNA in the dental pulp of a homeless patient. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2005; 23:920-2. [PMID: 15558347 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-004-1244-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Dental pulp has been proposed as a suitable tissue sample for the identification of pathogenic organisms. Using PCR with two specific gene targets, Bartonella quintana DNA was detected in the dental pulp extracted from the tooth of a homeless patient. The patient had been bacteremic 6 months previously but was not when the tooth was sampled.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Aboudharam
- Unité des Rickettsies, CNRS UMR 6020 IFR 48, Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, 27, Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex 5, France
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Abstract
Palaeomicrobiology is an emerging field that is devoted to the detection, identification and characterization of microorganisms in ancient remains. Data indicate that host-associated microbial DNA can survive for almost 20,000 years, and environmental bacterial DNA preserved in permafrost samples has been dated to 400,000-600,000 years. In addition to frozen and mummified soft tissues, bone and dental pulp can also be used to search for microbial pathogens. Various techniques, including microscopy and immunodetection, can be used in palaeomicrobiology, but most data have been obtained using PCR-based molecular techniques. Infections caused by bacteria, viruses and parasites have all been diagnosed using palaeomicrobiological techniques. Additionally, molecular typing of ancient pathogens could help to reconstruct the epidemiology of past epidemics and could feed into current models of emerging infections, therefore contributing to the development of appropriate preventative measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Drancourt
- Unité des Rickettsies, CNRS UMR 6020, IFR 48, Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France
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Aboudharam G, Vu DL, Davoust B, Drancourt M, Raoult D. Molecular detection of Bartonella spp. in the dental pulp of stray cats buried for a year. Microb Pathog 2004; 38:47-51. [PMID: 15652295 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2004.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2004] [Revised: 09/28/2004] [Accepted: 10/11/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Bartonella henselae causes chronic bacteremia in cats. To test if B. henselae DNA can be recovered from the dental pulp of cats buried a year previously, we used PCR with primers for a sequence of the conserved groEL to test 104 teeth from 11 cats. Seven of the cats were found positive; canine teeth were more frequently positive than molar teeth. Where PCR sequences could be determined, they were identical to those of B. henselae Marseille (four cats), B. henselae Houston (one cat) or similar to those of B. grahamii (one cat). Our study indicates that dental pulp from the teeth of cats, especially the canine teeth, may be used for the PCR detection of Bartonella in animals buried for a year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gérard Aboudharam
- Unité des Rickettsies, CNRS UMR 6020, IFR 48, Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, 27, Boulevard Jean Moulin, Marseille Cedex 05 13385, France
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14
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La VD, Clavel B, Lepetz S, Aboudharam G, Raoult D, Drancourt M. Molecular Detection of Bartonella henselae DNA in the Dental Pulp of 800-Year-Old French Cats. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 39:1391-4. [PMID: 15494918 DOI: 10.1086/424884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2004] [Accepted: 06/11/2004] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Bartonella species are responsible for chronic bacteremia in domestic cats, which raises a question about the antiquity of the relationship between Bartonella species and cats that act as reservoirs for the organism. The sequencing of Bartonella pap31 and groEL genes from the dental pulp of cats dating from the 13th to 16th centuries identified the presence of B. henselae genotype Houston; the observation of a unique mutation in the results of PCR assays for Bartonella species ruled out modern DNA contamination of the dental pulp samples. We conclude that cats had bacteremia due to B. henselae 800 years ago.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vu Dang La
- Unité des Rickettsies, Faculté de Medecine, Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France
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15
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Aboudharam G, Drancourt M, Raoult D. Culture of C. burnetii from the dental pulp of experimentally infected guinea pigs. Microb Pathog 2004; 36:349-50. [PMID: 15120161 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2004.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2003] [Revised: 01/30/2004] [Accepted: 02/03/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
An experimental model of Q fever in Guinea pigs was studied. Coxiella burnetii was cultured from the dental pulp of infected animals following bacteremia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gérard Aboudharam
- Faculté de Médecine, Universite de la Mediterranee, Unité des Rickettsies-CNRS UMR 6020, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France
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Drancourt M, Raoult D. Molecular detection of Yersinia pestis in dental pulp. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2004; 150:263-264. [PMID: 14766902 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.26885-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Drancourt
- Unité des Rickettsies, UMR 6020/Faculté de Médecine, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- Unité des Rickettsies, UMR 6020/Faculté de Médecine, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France
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17
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Rotstein I, Simon JHS. Diagnosis, prognosis and decision-making in the treatment of combined periodontal-endodontic lesions. Periodontol 2000 2004; 34:165-203. [PMID: 14717862 DOI: 10.1046/j.0906-6713.2003.003431.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilan Rotstein
- Continuing Oral Health Professional Education, University of Southern California, School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California, USA
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18
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Aboudharam G, Lascola B, Raoult D, Drancourt M. Detection of Coxiella burnetii DNA in dental pulp during experimental bacteremia. Microb Pathog 2000; 28:249-54. [PMID: 10764616 DOI: 10.1006/mpat.1999.0343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Colonization of dental pulp by blood-borne bacteria in the absence of previous inflammation has been hypothetized but has never been convincingly demonstrated. In order to provide convincing support for this hypothesis we attempted to detect Coxiella burnetii DNA in the dental pulp of bacteremic, intraperitoneally inoculated guinea-pigs by PCR amplification and direct sequencing of two molecular targets. Coxiella burnetii DNA was recovered from 20-50% of the animals depending on the molecular target, from 15-20 days after experimental challenge. These results demonstrated, for the first time, that dental pulp is contaminated by blood-borne bacteria and can be detected by molecular tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Aboudharam
- Unité des Rickettsies, CNRS UPRES-A 6020, Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, Marseille Cedex 05, 13385, France
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Elkins DA, Torabinejad M, Schmidt RE, Rossi JJ, Kettering JD. Polymerase chain reaction detection of human immunodeficiency virus DNA in human periradicular lesions. J Endod 1994; 20:386-8. [PMID: 7996105 DOI: 10.1016/s0099-2399(06)80296-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been previously reported to be present in the dental pulp of a patient with AIDS. The present report investigated the feasibility of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification to detect the HIV proviral DNA in cells from periradicular lesions from an HIV-positive patient. The standard PCR amplification with 30 cycles and the nested PCR consisting of two 25-cycle amplifications were used. Samples from each reaction were separated by nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and stained with ethidium bromide for visualization. Gels were electroblotted to nylon membranes, which were then fixed, denatured, and dried. Membranes were hybridized to specific radioactive oligonucleotide probes and placed next to Kodak XAR film for visualization of the HIV-specific bands. No evidence of HIV-specific reaction was observed in cells (negative control) or in two periradicular lesions from two HIV-negative patients. The ethidium bromide strains revealed that PCR amplification of DNA extracts from two lesions from the HIV-positive patient yielded PCR bands (with both primer pairs) which corresponded to HIV-specific bands of the expected size.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Elkins
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, California
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Serb P, Yeung S. HIV infection and the dentist. 1. The presence of HIV in saliva and its implications to dental practice. Aust Dent J 1994; 39:67-72. [PMID: 8018061 DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.1994.tb01375.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been detected in all body fluids. The presence and the detection of HIV virus in human saliva are reviewed. Modes of HIV transmission are discussed with particular reference to the possibility and risk of virus transmission via saliva. This risk is considered to be extremely low. The relevance of this information to the practising dentist is discussed and some practical suggestions in infection control are made.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Serb
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, University of Sydney
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21
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Ficarra G, Shillitoe EJ. HIV-related infections of the oral cavity. CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ORAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF ORAL BIOLOGISTS 1992; 3:207-31. [PMID: 1571472 DOI: 10.1177/10454411920030030301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Oral infections are among the first manifestations of infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). They include fungal, viral, and bacterial infections and range from being essentially trivial, through troublesome to life threatening. Although some infections are due to overproliferation of the normal oral flora, others are due to organisms that normally are not found in the mouth. The clinical features of many of these infections have now been characterized, and clinical trials have indicated the optimal management. However, for many infections, the underlying processes are still not clear, and improvements in treatment are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ficarra
- Institute of Odontology and Stomatology, University of Florence, Italy
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22
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Eversole LR. Viral infections of the head and neck among HIV-seropositive patients. ORAL SURGERY, ORAL MEDICINE, AND ORAL PATHOLOGY 1992; 73:155-63. [PMID: 1312690 DOI: 10.1016/0030-4220(92)90188-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Many viruses cause opportunistic infections in HIV-positive patients. Those that cause oral lesions include herpes simplex, varicella zoster, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, and papillomavirus. Importantly, many of the herpes-group viruses are able to augment immunosuppression and some actually transactivate HIV replication-inducing genetic sequences. This article reviews the role of viral agents in the activation of HIV replication and details the features of the reported oral lesions that represent viral opportunistic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Eversole
- Section of Oral Diagnosis, Oral Medicine and Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, UCLA Health Sciences Center 90024
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23
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Glick M, Trope M, Bagasra O, Pliskin ME. Human immunodeficiency virus infection of fibroblasts of dental pulp in seropositive patients. ORAL SURGERY, ORAL MEDICINE, AND ORAL PATHOLOGY 1991; 71:733-6. [PMID: 1676502 DOI: 10.1016/0030-4220(91)90284-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Presence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) within noninflamed human dental pulps was documented by polymerase chain reaction assays in 11 of 12 pulps from HIV-seropositive patients. The purpose of the present study was to determine the cellular location of HIV in vivo within these tissues by means of in situ hybridization. Results of the in situ hybridization indicated HIV within fibroblasts of the pulp. These results are especially relevant because fibroblasts lack the CD4 receptor thought necessary for in vivo infection with HIV. These results suggest the fibroblast as a possible reservoir for HIV in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Glick
- School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
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24
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Phillips RW, Jendresen MD, Klooster J, McNeil C, Preston JD, Schallhorn RG. Report of the Committee on Scientific Investigation of the American Academy of Restorative Dentistry. J Prosthet Dent 1990; 64:74-110. [PMID: 2200881 DOI: 10.1016/0022-3913(90)90155-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The growth in the dental literature continues to escalate, as evidenced by the publication of at least 326 new books in 1988 and 1989 and more than 20 new journals in 1989. There still appears to be undue emphasis on quantity instead of quality of research. This proliferation in the literature poses ever increasing difficulties to this Committee in filtering out the articles that are of particular interest to the members of the Academy and identifying those that are most likely to have a major impact on dental practice and service. The subjects covered include periodontics, caries and preventive dentistry, craniomandibular disorders, occlusion, pulp biology, ceramics, and restorative dental materials.
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