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DeNaro BB, Dhrami-Gavazi E, Rubaltelli DM, Freund KB, Lee W, Yannuzzi LA, Tsang SH, Kang JJ. CHORIORETINAL CHANGES IN A GENETICALLY CONFIRMED CASE OF BOUCHER-NEUHÄUSER SYNDROME. Retin Cases Brief Rep 2021; 15:179-184. [PMID: 30015775 PMCID: PMC6330241 DOI: 10.1097/icb.0000000000000769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the retinal findings in a 25-year-old white woman in whom a diagnosis of Boucher-Neuhäuser Syndrome (BNS) was supported by genetic testing, which identified a missense and novel nonsense mutation in the PNPLA6 gene. METHODS Observational case report of a 25-year-old woman who presented with primary amenorrhea, cerebellar ataxia, and mild retinal pigmentary abnormalities. Neurologic, endocrine, and genetic evaluations established a diagnosis of BNS. RESULTS Clinical examination and multimodal imaging documented focal outer retinal and retinal pigment epithelium changes including bilateral foveal stippling and a circular area of hypopigmentation in the superior macula of the left eye. Optical coherence tomography showed a linear area of outer retinal attenuation superonasal to the fovea and multiple foci of pinpoint outer retinal defects in the temporal macula of the left eye. Humphrey visual field 24-2 testing showed nonspecific defects in both eyes. Full-field electroretinography showed no evidence of a generalized retinal dysfunction. CONCLUSION Recognition that the chorioretinal abnormalities occurring in BNS can be rather subtle is essential because the diagnosis of BNS may depend on their detection. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report in the ophthalmic literature of mild chorioretinal changes in a patient with BNS testing positive for a mutation in the PNPLA6 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany B. DeNaro
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center, 3332 Rochambeau Avenue, Bronx, NY 10467
| | - Elona Dhrami-Gavazi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
- Vitreous Retina Macula Consultants of New York, NY
- LuEsther T. Mertz Retinal Research Center, Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital, New York, NY
| | - David M. Rubaltelli
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center, 3332 Rochambeau Avenue, Bronx, NY 10467
| | - K. Bailey Freund
- Department of Ophthalmology, Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
- Vitreous Retina Macula Consultants of New York, NY
- LuEsther T. Mertz Retinal Research Center, Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital, New York, NY
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Winston Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Lawrence A. Yannuzzi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
- Vitreous Retina Macula Consultants of New York, NY
- LuEsther T. Mertz Retinal Research Center, Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital, New York, NY
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Stephen H. Tsang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Joann J. Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center, 3332 Rochambeau Avenue, Bronx, NY 10467
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Wu S, Sun Z, Zhu T, Weleber RG, Yang P, Wei X, Pennesi ME, Sui R. Novel variants in PNPLA6 causing syndromic retinal dystrophy. Exp Eye Res 2020; 202:108327. [PMID: 33141049 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PNPLA6-related disorders include several phenotypes, such as Boucher-Neuhäuser syndrome, Gordon Holmes syndrome, spastic paraplegia, photoreceptor degeneration, Oliver-McFarlane syndrome and Laurence-Moon syndrome. In this study, detailed clinical evaluations and genetic testing were performed in five (4 Chinese and 1 Caucasian/Chinese) syndromic retinal dystrophy patients. Genotype-phenotype correlations were analyzed based on review of the literatures of previously published PNPLA6-related cases. The mean age of patients and at first visit were 20.8 years (11, 12, 25, 28, 28) and 14.2 years (4, 7, 11, 24, 25), respectively. They all presented with severe chorioretinal dystrophy and profoundly decreased vision. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) ranged from 20/200 to 20/2000. Systemic manifestations included cerebellar ataxia, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and hair anomalies. Six novel and three reported pathogenic variants in PNPLA6 (NM_001166111) were identified. The genotypes of the five cases are: c.3134C > T (p.Ser1045Leu) and c.3846+1G > A, c.3547C > T (p.Arg1183Trp) and c.1841+3A > G, c.3436G > A (p.Ala1146Thr) and c.2212-10A > G, c.3436G > A (p.Ala1146Thr) and c.2266C > T (p.Gln756*), c.1238_1239insC (p.Leu414Serfs*28) and c.3130A > G (p.Thr1044Ala). RT-PCR confirmed that the splicing variants indeed led to abnormal splicing. Missense variants p.Thr1044Ala, p.Ser1045Leu, p.Ala1146Thr, p.Arg1183Trp and c.3846+1G > A are located in Patatin-like phospholipase (Pat) domain. In conclusion, we report the phenotypes in five patients with PNPLA6 associated syndromic retinal dystrophy with variable systemic involvement and typical choroideremia-like fundus changes. Ocular manifestations may be the first and the only findings for years. All of our patients carried one severe deleterious variant (stop-gain or splicing variant) and one milder variant (missense variant). Retinal involvement was significantly correlated with severe deleterious variants and variants in Pat domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijing Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zixi Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tian Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Richard G Weleber
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Paul Yang
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Xing Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mark E Pennesi
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
| | - Ruifang Sui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Severe chorioretinal atrophy in Boucher-Neuhauser syndrome. Can J Ophthalmol 2020; 55:e26-e28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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O’Neil E, Serrano L, Scoles D, Cunningham KE, Han G, Chiang J, Bennett J, Aleman TS. Detailed retinal phenotype of Boucher-Neuhäuser syndrome associated with mutations in PNPLA6 mimicking choroideremia. Ophthalmic Genet 2019; 40:267-275. [DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2019.1605392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erin O’Neil
- Scheie Eye Institute and the Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Leona Serrano
- Scheie Eye Institute and the Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- The Center for Advanced Retinal and Ocular Therapeutics, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Drew Scoles
- Scheie Eye Institute and the Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Grace Han
- Scheie Eye Institute and the Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John Chiang
- Molecular Vision Laboratory, Hillsboro, OR, USA
| | - Jean Bennett
- Scheie Eye Institute and the Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- The Center for Advanced Retinal and Ocular Therapeutics, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tomas S. Aleman
- Scheie Eye Institute and the Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- The Center for Advanced Retinal and Ocular Therapeutics, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Abusrair AH, Bohlega S, Al-Semari A, Al-Ajlan FS, Al-Ahmadi K, Mohamed B, AlDakheel A. Brain MR Imaging Findings in Woodhouse-Sakati Syndrome. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018; 39:2256-2262. [PMID: 30409855 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hypogonadism, alopecia, diabetes mellitus, and progressive extrapyramidal signs. The disease is caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in the DCAF17 gene. The purpose of this study was to describe the spectrum of brain MR imaging abnormalities in Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed brain MR images of 26 patients with a clinical and genetic diagnosis of Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome (12 males, 14 females; age range, 16-45 years; mean age, 26.6 years). Follow-up studies were conducted for 6 patients. RESULTS All patients had abnormal MR imaging findings. The most common abnormalities were a small pituitary gland (76.9%), pronounced basal ganglia iron deposition (73%), and white matter lesions in 69.2%. White matter lesions showed frontoparietal and periventricular predominance. All white matter lesions spared subcortical U-fibers and were nonenhanced. Prominent perivascular spaces (15.3%) and restricted diffusion in the splenium of the corpus callosum (7.6%) were less frequent findings. Follow-up studies showed expansion of white matter lesions with iron deposition further involving the red nucleus and substantia nigra. Older age was associated with a more severe degree of white matter lesions (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Small pituitary gland, accentuated iron deposition in the globus pallidus, and nonenhancing frontoparietal/periventricular white matter lesions were the most noted abnormalities seen in our cohort. The pattern and extent of these findings were observed to correlate with older age, reflecting a possible progressive myelin destruction and/or axonal loss. The presence of pituitary hypoplasia and white matter lesions can further distinguish Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome from other neurodegenerative diseases with brain iron accumulation subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Abusrair
- From the Departments of Neurosciences (A.H.A., S.B., A.A.-S., F.S.A.-A., B.M., A.A.)
| | - S Bohlega
- From the Departments of Neurosciences (A.H.A., S.B., A.A.-S., F.S.A.-A., B.M., A.A.)
| | - A Al-Semari
- From the Departments of Neurosciences (A.H.A., S.B., A.A.-S., F.S.A.-A., B.M., A.A.)
| | - F S Al-Ajlan
- From the Departments of Neurosciences (A.H.A., S.B., A.A.-S., F.S.A.-A., B.M., A.A.)
| | - K Al-Ahmadi
- Radiology (K.A.-A.), King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - B Mohamed
- From the Departments of Neurosciences (A.H.A., S.B., A.A.-S., F.S.A.-A., B.M., A.A.)
| | - A AlDakheel
- From the Departments of Neurosciences (A.H.A., S.B., A.A.-S., F.S.A.-A., B.M., A.A.)
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Compound heterozygous PNPLA6 mutations cause Boucher-Neuhäuser syndrome with late-onset ataxia. J Neurol 2014; 261:2411-23. [PMID: 25267340 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-014-7516-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PNPLA6 mutations, known to be associated with the development of motor neuron phenotypes, have recently been identified in families with Boucher-Neuhäuser syndrome. Boucher-Neuhäuser is a rare autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by the co-occurrence of cerebellar ataxia, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and chorioretinal dystrophy. Gait ataxia in Boucher-Neuhäuser usually manifests before early adulthood, although onset in the third or fourth decade has also been reported. However, given the recent identification of PNPLA6 mutations as the cause of this condition, the determining factors of age of symptom onset still need to be established. Here, we have identified a sporadic Boucher-Neuhäuser case with late-onset gait ataxia and relatively milder retinal changes due to compound heterozygous PNPLA6 mutations. Compound heterozygosity was confirmed by cloning and sequencing the patient's genomic DNA from coding exons 26-29. Furthermore, both mutations (one novel and one known) fell in the phospholipase esterase domain, where most pathogenic mutations seem to cluster. Taken together, we herein confirm PNPLA6 mutations as the leading cause of Boucher-Neuhäuser syndrome and suggest inquiring about a history of hypogonadism or visual changes in patients presenting with late-onset gait ataxia. We also advocate for neuroophthalmologic evaluation in suspected cases.
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Albertson AJ, Talbott H, Wang Q, Jensen D, Skinner DC. The gonadotropin-releasing hormone type I receptor is expressed in the mouse cerebellum. THE CEREBELLUM 2009; 7:379-84. [PMID: 18592335 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-008-0038-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a decapeptide hypothalamic hormone that was named according to its first discovered function--at the head of the neuroendocrine reproductive axis. Numerous other organ systems express GnRH and/or its receptor, although a specific physiological role for GnRH outside of the reproductive axis has yet to be established. Several studies in lower vertebrates have reported GnRH and/or its receptor in the cerebellum. Here, we describe the presence of immunoreactive GnRH receptors in the Purkinje cells of the mammalian cerebellum for the first time. This study provides compelling anatomical evidence for a common link between the cerebellum and the hypothalamo-pituitary axis. Dysfunction of this link occurs in the rare genetic ataxia disorders--Gordon Holmes syndrome and Boucher-Neuhauser syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asher J Albertson
- Department of Zoology and Physiology & Neurobiology Program, University of Wyoming, Dept 3166, 1000 E University Avenue, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
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Skinner DC, Albertson AJ, Navratil A, Smith A, Mignot M, Talbott H, Scanlan-Blake N. Effects of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone outside the hypothalamic-pituitary-reproductive axis. J Neuroendocrinol 2009; 21:282-92. [PMID: 19187469 PMCID: PMC2669307 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2826.2009.01842.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a hypothalamic decapeptide with an undisputed role as a primary regulator of gonadal function. It exerts this regulation by controlling the release of gonadotrophins. However, it is becoming apparent that GnRH may have a variety of other vital roles in normal physiology. A reconsideration of the potential widespread action that this traditional reproductive hormone exerts may lead to the generation of novel therapies and provide insight into seemingly incongruent outcomes from current treatments using GnRH analogues to combat diseases such as prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Skinner
- Neurobiology Program and Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
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9
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Yu SI, Kim JL, Lee SG, Kim HW, Kim SJ. Ophthalmologic findings of Boucher-Neuhäuser syndrome. KOREAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2008; 22:263-7. [PMID: 19096246 PMCID: PMC2629917 DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2008.22.4.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2008] [Accepted: 07/31/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To report a case of Boucher-Neuhäuser syndrome, which is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the triad of spinocerebellar ataxia, chorioretinal dystrophy, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. An 18-year-old man was seen for visual problems, which had been diagnosed as retinitis pigmentosa at the age of 12 years. His puberty was delayed. At 16 years of age, the patient experienced progressive deterioration of his balance and gait disturbance. Then he was referred to our clinic because Boucher-Neuhäuser syndrome was suspected. He had no specific family history; his visual acuity was 0.04 in both eyes. We observed broad retinal pigment epithelium atrophy and degeneration in both fundi. Both fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography showed choriocapillaris atrophy in the posterior pole area and midperiphery. Macular optical coherence tomography showed thinning of the neurosensory retina. An electroretinographic examination showed no photopic or scotopic responses. The Boucher-Neuhäuser syndrome should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients with retinitis pigment epithelium atrophy and degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Im Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Pusan, Korea
- Ophthalmology Research Foundation, Inje University, Pusan, Korea
| | - Jung Lim Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Pusan, Korea
- Ophthalmology Research Foundation, Inje University, Pusan, Korea
| | - Sul Gee Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Pusan, Korea
- Ophthalmology Research Foundation, Inje University, Pusan, Korea
| | - Hyun Woong Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Pusan, Korea
- Ophthalmology Research Foundation, Inje University, Pusan, Korea
| | - Sang Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Pusan, Korea
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10
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Robin G, Jonard S, Vuillaume I, Devos D, Dewailly D. [Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism discovered in a patient with cerebellar ataxia]. ANNALES D'ENDOCRINOLOGIE 2006; 66:545-51. [PMID: 16357818 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-4266(05)82116-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We present the case of a male patient who presented progressive cerebellar ataxia since childhood who developed partial hypogonadotropic hypogonadism discovered when searching for a cause of low fecundity. The association of these two entities has been described in several rare syndromes: Homes ataxia, Boucher-Neuhauser syndrome and Richards-Rundle syndrome. The genetic background of these three syndromic associations defined solely on the basis of clinical manifestations remains to be elucidated, leading to uncertain diagnosis. The present case suggests the syndromic entity could be associated with autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism which includes several genotypic entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Robin
- Service de Gynécologie Endocrinienne et Médecine de la Reproduction, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHRU de Lille, Avenue Eugène Avinée - 59037 Lille Cedex.
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11
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Viau M, Boulanger Y. Characterization of ataxias with magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2004; 10:335-51. [PMID: 15261875 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2004.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2003] [Revised: 02/17/2004] [Accepted: 02/26/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A wide variety of autosomal transmitted ataxias exist and their ultimate characterization requires genetic testing. Common clinical characteristics among different ataxia types complicate the choice of the appropriate genetic test. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) generally show cerebellar or cerebral atrophy and perturbed metabolite levels which differ between ataxias. In order to help the clinician accurately identify the ataxia type, reported MRI and MRS data in different brain regions are summarized for more than 60 different types of autosomal inherited and sporadic ataxias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Viau
- Département de Radiologie, Hôpital Saint-Luc, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 1058 St-Denis, Montréal, Québec, Canada H2X 3J4
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Fukutake T, Kamitsukasa I, Arai K, Hattori T, Nakajima T. A patient homozygous for the SCA6 gene with retinitis pigmentosa. Clin Genet 2002; 61:375-9. [PMID: 12081723 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0004.2002.610510.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The present authors studied a 55-year-old-patient homozygous for the SCA6 gene who experienced frequent attacks of positional vertigo at 37 years of age with subsequent staggering gait and night blindness. Retinitis pigmentosa (RP), as well as cerebellar ataxia and vertical antidirectional nystagmus, were detected. The subject's parents were first cousins, and two of his three male cousins, whose parents were also first cousins, had RP without ataxia or nystagmus. The numbers of CAG repeats in the expanded alleles of the SCA6 gene found by molecular analysis were 21 and 21. The genetic results were negative for SCA1, SCA2, SCA3, SCA7 and dentatorubral pallidoluysian atrophy. The retinal degeneration in this patient is most likely to be secondary to a genetic disorder of autosomal or X-linked recessive inheritance rather than SCA6. Other reported cases of patients homozygous for the SCA6 gene are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fukutake
- Department of Neurology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.
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13
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Fryns JP, Van Lingen C, Devriendt K, Legius E, Raus P. Two adult females with a distinct familial mental retardation syndrome: non-progressive neurological symptoms with ataxia and hypotonia, similar facial appearance, hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism, and retinal dystrophy. J Med Genet 1998; 35:333-5. [PMID: 9598731 PMCID: PMC1051285 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.35.4.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We describe a familial mental retardation syndrome in a 30 year old, moderately mentally retarded female and her 59 year old maternal aunt. Both presented the distinct association of (1) a non-progressive neurological syndrome with ataxia and hypotonia, (2) similar craniofacial appearance with a narrow forehead, prominent supraorbital ridges and tendency to synophrys, deeply set eyes with short, upward slanting palpebral fissures, short philtrum, and large mouth, (3) hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism, and (4) retinal dystrophy with onset in early adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Fryns
- Centre for Human Genetics, University Hospital Leuven, Belgium
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Rump P, Hamel BC, Pinckers AJ, van Dop PA. Two sibs with chorioretinal dystrophy, hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism, and cerebellar ataxia: Boucher-Neuhäuser syndrome. J Med Genet 1997; 34:767-71. [PMID: 9321767 PMCID: PMC1051065 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.34.9.767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We describe two sibs with chorioretinal dystrophy, hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism, and cerebellar ataxia, Boucher-Neuhäuser syndrome, a rare but distinct pleiotropic single gene disorder with an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. The cases presented illustrate that this syndrome is still poorly recognised. We provide a review and analysis of previously reported cases and the differential diagnosis, which might aid in the identification of additional cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rump
- Department of Human Genetics, University Hospital Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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