Polarographic determination of chloramphenicol

In vitro chloramphenicol detection in a Haemophilus influenza model using an aptamer-polymer based electrochemical biosensor

A sensitive and selective electrochemical biosensor is developed for the determination of chloramphenicol (CAP) exploring its direct electron transfer processes in in-vitro model and pharmaceutical samples. This biosensor exploits a selective binding of CAP with aptamer, immobilized onto the poly-(4-amino-3-hydroxynapthalene sulfonic acid) (p-AHNSA) modified edge plane pyrolytic graphite. The electrochemical reduction of CAP was observed in a well-defined peak. A quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) study is performed to confirm the interaction between the polymer film and the aptamer. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV) were used to detect CAP. The in-vitro CAP detection is performed using the bacterial strain of Haemophilus influenza. A significant accumulation of CAP by the drug sensitive H. influenza strain is observed for the first time in this study using a biosensor. Various parameters affecting the CAP detection in standard solution and in in vitro detection are optimized. The detection of CAP is linear in the range of 0.1-2500 nM with the detection limit and sensitivity of 0.02 nM and 0.102 µA/nM, respectively. CAP is also detected in the presence of other common antibiotics and proteins present in the real sample matrix, and negligible interference is observed.

Spectrophotometric assay for chloramphenicol and some derivatives in the pure form and in formulations

A new analytical method for chloramphenicol and its derivatives, chloramphenicol succinate sodium and D-(-)-threo-2-amino-L-[p-nitrophenyl]-1,3-propanediol (chloramphenicol base) in the pure state or in pharmaceutical preparations, is described. The method is based on measuring the blue colour produced by the interaction of ammonium molybdate with the products of the alkaline hydrolysis of the drugs. There are certain advantages of simplicity and sensitivity over current methods. The Beer's law limits, effects of temperature, acidity and reagent concentration, and statistical analysis of experimental results are reported.