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Kishioka A, Matsushita Y, Miyake M. Detection of Interfering Ions Using Ion Flux Phenomena in Flow-Through Cl-ISEs with Ion Exchange Membranes. Anal Chem 2023; 95:7584-7593. [PMID: 37140250 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) are among the most successful electrochemical sensors used in various applications because of their ability to measure electrolyte concentrations in liquids easily. It is common practice to suppress ion fluxes through the ion-sensitive membranes in ISEs because such fluxes worsen the lower limit of detection. In this study, we propose a method to detect interfering ions using this ion flux phenomenon. As a proof of principle, a flow-type Cl-ISE based on an ion exchange membrane loaded with the target ion chloride was used to acquire transient potential profiles during standstill after the introduction of liquids containing various ion species. When the target ion of the ion-sensitive membrane was measured, there was almost no change in potential over time. In contrast, when hydrophilic interfering ions were measured, the potential gradually decreased, and when hydrophobic interfering ions were measured, the potential gradually increased. The direction and intensity of these changes over time depended on the ion species and concentrations. The main reason for these potential changes is presumed to be the change in the local ionic composition of the sample near the sensing membrane due to ion exchange between the sample and membrane. This phenomenon could not be observed in a hydrophobic ion exchanger membrane doped with a quaternary ammonium salt and was characteristically observable using hydrophilic ion exchange membranes with a high charge density and a high ion diffusion rate. Finally, using a high-throughput flow-type system, we demonstrated the detection of interfering ions in solutions containing multiple ion species by using the ion flux phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Kishioka
- Biosystems Research Department, Research & Development Group, Hitachi, Ltd., 1-280, Higashi-koigakubo, Kokubunji-shi, Tokyo 185-8601, Japan
| | - Yufuku Matsushita
- Biosystems Research Department, Research & Development Group, Hitachi, Ltd., 1-280, Higashi-koigakubo, Kokubunji-shi, Tokyo 185-8601, Japan
| | - Masafumi Miyake
- Medical Systems Design 1st dept., Life & Medical systems Product Div., Analytical & Medical Solution Business Group, Hitachi High-Tech Corporation, 882, Ichige, Hitachinaka-shi, Ibaraki, 312-8504, Japan
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2
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Disassembly of intermolecular hydrogen bond induced by cations on self-assembled monolayer. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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3
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Anderson EL, Gingery NM, Boswell PG, Chen XV, Rábai J, Bühlmann P. Ion Aggregation and R 3N +-C(R)-H···NR 3 Hydrogen Bonding in a Fluorous Phase. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:11239-11246. [PMID: 27723332 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b07299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Potentiometric selectivities show that in fluorous ion-selective electrode membranes the tetrabutylammonium ion binds to fluorophilic proton ionophores. For the ionophore bis[3-(perfluorooctyl)propyl](2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amine, this type of interaction is confirmed by the effect of the ionophore on the ionic conductivity of perfluoro(perhydrophenanthrene) solutions of a fluorophilic NBu4+ salt. In this system, ion pairs, triple ions, and higher ionic aggregates dominate over single ions, and the ionophore increases the conductivity by favoring the formation of ion aggregates with a net charge. These observations are consistent with the formation of R3N+-C(R)-H···NR3 type hydrogen bonds between the nitrogen atom of the ionophore and the hydrogen atoms in the α position to the positively charged quaternary ammonium center of NBu4+. Similar interactions were observed in a number of crystalline phases. To date, observations of C-H···N type hydrogen bonds in liquid phases have been very few, and solution-phase N+-C-H···N type hydrogen bonds have not been reported previously. Interestingly, no interactions between NBu4+ and the more basic ionophore tridodecylamine were observed in conventional plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) membranes doped with the ionophore tridodecylamine, emphasizing the uniquely low polarity of fluorous phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan L Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Nicole M Gingery
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Paul G Boswell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Xin V Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - József Rábai
- Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University , P.O. Box 32, H-1518 Budapest 112, Hungary
| | - Philippe Bühlmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Ogawara S, Carey JL, Zou XU, Bühlmann P. Donnan Failure of Ion-Selective Electrodes with Hydrophilic High-Capacity Ion-Exchanger Membranes. ACS Sens 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.5b00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Ogawara
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Jesse L. Carey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Xu U. Zou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Philippe Bühlmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Zhong D, Blömker T, Mück-Lichtenfeld C, Zhang H, Kehr G, Erker G, Fuchs H, Chi L. Thymine and adenine tetrads formed on anisotropic metal surfaces. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:265-270. [PMID: 24605377 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201301595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The interplay of the Au(110) surface and alkyl-substituted DNA bases induces reorganization of the surface with parallel atomic grooves, while the enhanced surface anisotropy constrains the substituent alkyl chains along the grooves. Every four molecules are bound together through H-bonds while further possible H-bonds are prohibited by either the alkyl chains or the groove borders, resulting in separated tetrad structures located in the grooves.
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Tohda K, Amemiya S, Ohki T, Nagahora S, Tanaka S, Bühlmann P, Umezawa Y. Channel Mimetic Sensing Membranes for Nucleotides Based on Multitopic Hydrogen Bonding. Isr J Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.199700031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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7
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Mu Z, Rubner O, Bamler M, Blömker T, Kehr G, Erker G, Heuer A, Fuchs H, Chi L. Temperature-dependent self-assembly of adenine derivative on HOPG. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:10737-10743. [PMID: 23902468 DOI: 10.1021/la401974t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Temperature-dependent self-assembly formed by the adsorption of the nucleobase adenine derivative on a graphite surface were investigated by in situ scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The high-resolution STM images reveal two types of structures, α phase and β phase, which are mainly driven by either hydrogen bonding or aromatic π-π interactions between adenine bases, respectively, as well as the interactions of alkyl chains. α-Phase structures can be transformed into β-phase structures by increasing temperature. The reverse is true for decreasing temperature. This reflects structural stabilities resulting from the different interactions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to characterize possible arrangements of adjacent adenine moieties systematically in terms of binding energies and structural properties. Via a systematic search algorithm, all possible network structures were determined on a microscopic level. In this way, it is possible to rationalize the structural parameters as found in the STM images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongcheng Mu
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 130024 Changchun, Jilin, PR China
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8
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Zhang T, Lai CZ, Fierke MA, Stein A, Bühlmann P. Advantages and Limitations of Reference Electrodes with an Ionic Liquid Junction and Three-Dimensionally Ordered Macroporous Carbon as Solid Contact. Anal Chem 2012; 84:7771-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac3011507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zhang
- College of Chemical
Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant
Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Chun-Ze Lai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant
Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Melissa A. Fierke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant
Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Andreas Stein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant
Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Philippe Bühlmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant
Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Koseoglu S, Lai CZ, Ferguson C, Bühlmann P. Response Mechanism of Ion-Selective Electrodes Based on a Guanidine Ionophore: An Apparently ‘Two-Thirds Nernstian’ Response Slope. ELECTROANAL 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200704066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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10
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Hisamatsu Y, Hasada K, Amano F, Tsubota Y, Wasada-Tsutsui Y, Shirai N, Ikeda SI, Odashima K. Highly selective recognition of adenine nucleobases by synthetic hosts with a linked five-six-five-membered triheteroaromatic structure and the application to potentiometric sensing of the adenine nucleotide. Chemistry 2007; 12:7733-41. [PMID: 16871503 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200600099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A new structure for an adenine-selective host molecule, featuring the pertinent link of five-six-five-membered heteroaromatic rings and two carbamoyl NH sites, was developed. This structure provides a correctly oriented array of complementary hydrogen bonding sites for the adenine nucleobase, which exploits both Watson-Crick and Hoogsteen-type interactions. The complexation with adenine nucleobases by multiple hydrogen bonding was supported by (1)H NMR spectroscopy. This type of host displayed high selectivity in complexation, with an accompanying fluorescent response to lipophilized adenosine in CHCl(3). Furthermore, a remarkably selective potentiometric response was attained for adenosine 5'-monophosphate over 5'-GMP, 5'-CMP, and 5'-UMP by using an ion-selective electrode with a PVC-supported solvent polymeric membrane. This indicates recognition of water-soluble nucleotide guests through the membrane-water interface. These findings are expected to form a reliable basis for the development of artificial sensing systems for mononucleotides in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Hisamatsu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Nagoya City University, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
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11
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Highly selective adenine recognition by a macrocyclic host molecule employing multiple hydrogen bonding and π–π stacking interactions. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.11.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Badr IHA. Potentiometric anion selectivity of polymer-membrane electrodes based on cobalt, chromium, and aluminum salens. Anal Chim Acta 2006; 570:176-85. [PMID: 17723397 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2006] [Revised: 04/05/2006] [Accepted: 04/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Metallo-salens of cobalt(II) (Co-Sal), chromium(III) (Cr-Sal), and aluminum(III) (Al-Sal) are used as the active ionophores within plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) membranes. It is shown that central metal-ion plays a critical role in directing the ionophore selectivity. Polymer-membrane electrodes based on Co-Sal, Cr-Sal, and Al-Sal are demonstrated to exhibit enhanced responses and selectivity toward nitrite/thiocyanate, thiocyanate, and fluoride anions, respectively. The improved anion selectivity of the three ionophore systems is shown to deviate significantly from the classical Hofmeister pattern that is based only on ion lipophilicity. For example, optimized membrane electrodes for nitrite ion based on Co-Sal exhibit logK(Nitrite,Anion)(pot) values of -5.22, -4.66, -4.48, -2.5 towards bromide, perchlorate, nitrate, and iodide anions, respectively. Optimized membrane electrodes based on Co-Sal and Cr-Sal show near-Nernstian responses towards nitrite (-57.9+/-0.9 mV/decade) and thiocyanate (-56.9+/-0.8 mV/decade), respectively, with fast response and recovery times. In contrast, Al-Sal based membrane electrodes respond to fluoride ion in a super-Nernstian (-70+/-3 mV/decade) and nearly an irreversible mode. The operative response mechanism of Co-Sal, Cr-Sal, and Al-Sal membrane electrodes is examined using the effect of added ionic sites on the potentiometric response characteristics. It is demonstrated that addition of lipophilic anionic sites to membrane electrodes based on the utilized metallo-salens enhances the selectivity towards the primary ion, while addition of cationic sites resulted in Hofmeister selectivity patterns suggesting that the operative response mechanism is of the charged carrier type. Electron spin resonance (ESR) data indicates that Co(II) metal-ion center of Co-Sal ionophore undergoes oxidation to Co(III). This process leads to formation of a charged anion-carrier that is consistent with the response behavior obtained for Co-Sal based membrane electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim H A Badr
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, P.O. Box 11566, Cairo, Egypt.
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13
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Phillips K, Lantz C, Bühlmann P. Visible and FTIR Microscopic Observation of Bisthiourea Ionophore Aggregates in Ion-Selective Electrode Membranes. ELECTROANAL 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200403340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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14
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Král V, Shishkanova TV, Sessler JL, Brown CT. Cytosine-substituted metalloporphyrins: receptors for recognition of nucleotides in ion-selective electrodes. Org Biomol Chem 2004; 2:1169-75. [PMID: 15064794 DOI: 10.1039/b400880d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new series of cytosine-substituted metalloporphyrin conjugates (containing Co(II) and Zn(II) as the coordinated metals) were designed and investigated as nucleotide receptors in PVC-membrane-based ion-selective electrodes under neutral conditions. The potentiometric results indicate that these systems, in particular the Co(II)-containing complex, may be potentially useful sensors for complementary nucleotide substrates in the presence of 10 mol% tridodecylmethylammonium chloride (K(Pot.)(5'-GMP/5'-AMP)= 0.045).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimír Král
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, 16628 Prague 6, Technická 5, Czech Republic.
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15
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Sessler JL, Král V, Shishkanova TV, Gale PA. Cytosine substituted calix[4]pyrroles: neutral receptors for 5'-guanosine monophosphate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002; 99:4848-53. [PMID: 11929967 PMCID: PMC122681 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.062633799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of two cytosine-substituted calix[4]pyrrole conjugates, bearing the appended cytosine attached at either a beta- or meso-pyrrolic position, is described. These systems were tested as nucleotide-selective carriers and as active components of nucleotide-sensing ion-selective electrodes at pH 6.6. Studies of carrier selectivity were made using a Pressman-type model membrane system consisting of an initial pH 6.0 aqueous phase, an intervening dichloromethane barrier containing the calix[4]pyrrole conjugate, and a receiving basic aqueous phase. Good selectivity for the Watson-Crick complementary nucleotide, 5'-guanosine monophosphate (5'-GMP), was seen in the case of the meso-linked conjugate with the relative rates of through-membrane transport being 7.7:4.1:1 for 5'-GMP, 5'-AMP, and 5'-CMP, respectively. By contrast, the beta-substituted conjugate, while showing a selectivity for 5'-GMP that was enhanced relative to unsubstituted calix[4]pyrrole, was found to transport 5'-CMP roughly 4.5 times more quickly than 5'-GMP. Higher selectivities were also found for 5'-CMP when both the beta- and meso-substituted conjugates were incorporated into polyvinyl chloride membranes and tested as ion selective electrodes at pH 6.6, whereas near-equal selectivities were observed for 5'-CMP and 5'-GMP in the case of unsubstituted calix[4]pyrroles. These seemingly disparate results are consistent with a picture wherein the meso-substituted cytosine calix[4]pyrrole conjugate, but not its beta-linked congener, is capable of acting as a ditopic receptor, binding concurrently both the phosphate anion and nucleobase portions of 5'-GMP to the calixpyrrole core and cytosine "tails" of the molecule, respectively, with the effect of this binding being most apparent under the conditions of the transport experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan L Sessler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712-1167, USA.
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16
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Effect of the symmetry of the calix[4]pyrrole cavity on sensitivity and selectivity of potentiometric sensors for neutral nitrophenols. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0928-4931(01)00363-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Szymańska I, Ocicka K, Radecka H, Radecki J, Geise H, Dieltiens P, Aleksandrzak K. Methoxy-substituted derivatives of 1,4-bis(2-phenylethenyl)benzene and of 1,4-bis(2-phenylethyl)benzene as ligands in ion-selective electrodes for lead ions. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0928-4931(01)00348-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Bühlmann P, Hayakawa M, Ohshiro T, Amemiya S, Umezawa Y. Influence of natural, electrically neutral lipids on the potentiometric responses of cation-selective polymeric membrane electrodes. Anal Chem 2001; 73:3199-205. [PMID: 11476216 DOI: 10.1021/ac0015016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ionophore-free ion exchanger electrodes were found to exhibit quite a high selectivity for the creatininium ion; however, measurements in diluted urine samples revealed large emf drifts. Potentiometric, chromatographic, NMR, and mass spectrometric evidence did not reveal any major cationic interfering agents, and anionic interfering agents cannot trivially explain the consistently positive emf drifts. Ultrafiltration of urine samples showed that the interfering agents have molecular weights below 1000 u. The drifts are apparently caused by electrically neutral lipophilic compounds of low molecular weight that are easily extracted into organic phases. Follow-up experiments showed that p-cresol and cholesterol cause no significant emf responses but that coproporphyrin, phosphatidylserine, taurocholic acid, cholic acid, phosphatidylethanolamine, and octanoic acid cause positive emf drifts of the type that was observed with the urine samples. The extent of the responses and the response time depend not only on the specific compound but also on the cation in the sample solution. These results suggest that the emf drifts are due to extraction of such natural lipids into the organic membrane phase where they interact in an ionophore-like fashion with the analyte and interfering ions. Changes in the potentiometric selectivities after contact with natural lipids support this interpretation. The same effect of natural lipids is also expected for ionophore-based electrodes. Indeed, exposure of a valinomycin-based electrode to a methylene chloride extract of urine resulted in a significant reduction of the Na+ discrimination, increasing log Kpot(K,Na) from -3.9 to -3.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bühlmann
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan
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20
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Abstract
The lifetime of solvent polymeric ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) is limited by leaching of the membrane components into the sample solutions. In this article, leaching of charged ionophores is discussed. Because of the electroneutrality principle, the loss of the charged ionophore into the sample must be accompanied by parallel transport of an ion of the opposite charge sign into the sample or by ion exchange with a sample ion of the same charge sign. Because ionic sites of high lipophilicity are available, the loss of ionic sites is, in general, not a concern. Therefore, it is assumed here that the cotransported or ion-exchanging ions are primary or interfering ions forming complexes with the ionophore. A general theory that allows quantification of ionophore lipophilicities and a discussion of changes in the membrane composition and selectivity with time is presented. A high complex stability and high analyte concentrations diminish the rate of ionophore loss into the sample if a charged ionophore is coextracted from the membrane into the sample together with an analyte ion of opposite charge. On the other hand, if the charged ionophore has the same charge sign as the ion that it binds, a large binding constant and high analyte concentrations enhance ionophore leaching into the sample. The model is applied to interpret results for an electrically charged ionophore, for which selectivity changes as a function of the leaching time were observed and the lipophilicity was determined with potentiometric measurements. Using the lipophilicities of neutral ionophores, as described previously, and the lipophilicities of charged ionophores, as described here, a direct comparison of the expected leaching rates of charged and neutral ionophores has become possible.
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Cationic or anionic sites? Selectivity optimization of ion-selective electrodes based on charged ionophores. Anal Chem 2000; 72:1618-31. [PMID: 10763261 DOI: 10.1021/ac991167h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The influence of ionic sites on the selectivities of ionophore-based ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) is described on the basis of a phase boundary potential model. The discussion presented here is significantly more general than previous ones. It is formulated for primary and interfering ions of any charges and it is valid for ISEs based on electrically charged or neutral ionophores. Furthermore, it also applies to membranes that contain more than one type of complex of the primary or interfering ion. It has been believed thus far that only ionic sites of the same charge sign as the primary ion improve the selectivities of ISEs based on charged ionophores. However, it is shown here that the charge sign of the ionic sites that give the highest potentiometric selectivities depends on the charge number of the primary and interfering ions and on the stoichiometry of their complexes with the ionophore. The validity of our model was confirmed experimentally with three ISEs based on different charged ionophores. ISEs based on lasalocid or 1-(N,N-dicyclohexylcarbamoyl)-2- (N,N-dioctadecylcarbamoyl)ethylphosphonic acid monomethyl ester (ETH 5639) as the ionophore responded selectively to Sr2+ or Mg2+, respectively, and discriminated well against other alkaline earth cations when their membranes contained anionic sites. These two electrodes are the first examples of ISEs based on charged ionophores for which maximum selectivities are obtained with membranes containing ionic sites with a charge sign opposite to that of the primary ion. On the other hand, the experimental F- selectivities of membranes based on oxo(5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrinato)molybdenum-(V) improved gradually when the concentration of anionic sites was increased from 0 to 75 mol%. The selectivity-modifying influence of ionic sites for these three types of ISEs can be explained by considering the different stabilities of the 1:2 ion-ionophore complexes of the primary and of the interfering ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces 88003, USA
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Amemiya S, Bühlmann P, Umezawa Y, Jagessar RC, Burns DH. An Ion-Selective Electrode for Acetate Based on a Urea-Functionalized Porphyrin as a Hydrogen-Bonding Ionophore. Anal Chem 1999; 71:1049-54. [DOI: 10.1021/ac980952b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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RADECKA H, RADECKI J, DEHAEN W. Application of Thiacrown Ethers as Ligands for Lead-Selective Electrodes. ANAL SCI 1999. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.15.1109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna RADECKA
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Division of Food Science
| | - Jerzy RADECKI
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Division of Food Science
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Bühlmann P, Aoki H, Xiao KP, Amemiya S, Tohda K, Umezawa Y. Chemical Sensing with Chemically Modified Electrodes that Mimic Gating at Biomembranes Incorporating Ion-Channel Receptors. ELECTROANAL 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-4109(199811)10:17<1149::aid-elan1149>3.0.co;2-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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27
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Bühlmann P, Amemiya S, Yajima S, Umezawa Y. Co-Ion Interference for Ion-Selective Electrodes Based on Charged and Neutral Ionophores: A Comparison. Anal Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ac9805145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Bühlmann
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shigeru Amemiya
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Setsuko Yajima
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yoshio Umezawa
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Bühlmann P, Pretsch E, Bakker E. Carrier-Based Ion-Selective Electrodes and Bulk Optodes. 2. Ionophores for Potentiometric and Optical Sensors. Chem Rev 1998; 98:1593-1688. [PMID: 11848943 DOI: 10.1021/cr970113+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1272] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Bühlmann
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan, Department of Organic Chemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Universitätstrasse 16, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland, and Department of Chemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Janata
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400
| | - Mira Josowicz
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400
| | - Petr Vanýsek
- Department of Chemistry, Nothern Illinois University DeKalb, Illinois 60115
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Amemiya S, Bühlmann P, Umezawa Y. A Phase Boundary Potential Model for Apparently “Twice-Nernstian” Responses of Liquid Membrane Ion-Selective Electrodes. Anal Chem 1998; 70:445-54. [DOI: 10.1021/ac9710184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Amemiya
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan
| | - Philippe Bühlmann
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan
| | - Yoshio Umezawa
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan
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31
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Nishizawa S, Bühlmann P, Xiao KP, Umezawa Y. Application of a bis-thiourea ionophore for an anion selective electrode with a remarkable sulfate selectivity. Anal Chim Acta 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(97)00569-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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32
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LIN XM, UMEZAWA K, TOHDA K, FURUTA H, SESSLER JL, UMEZAWA Y. Potentiometric Responses of Expanded Porphyrin Incorporated Liquid Membrane Electrodes toward a Series of Inorganic and Organic Anions. ANAL SCI 1998. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.14.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ming LIN
- Division of Environmental Conservation, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University
| | - Kayoko UMEZAWA
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ochanomizu University
| | - Koji TOHDA
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo
| | - Hiroyuki FURUTA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin
| | | | - Yoshio UMEZAWA
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo
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33
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Odashima K, Bühlmann P, Sugawara M, Tohda K, Koga K, Umezawa Y. Chemical sensing based on membranes with supramolecular functions of biomimetic and biological origin. ADVANCES IN SUPRAMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s1068-7459(97)80018-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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34
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Critical evaluation of stability constants for nucleotide complexes with protons and metal ions and the accompanying enthalpy changes. PURE APPL CHEM 1991. [DOI: 10.1351/pac199163071015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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