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Naffa R, Watanabe S, Zhang W, Maidment C, Singh P, Chamber P, Matyska MT, Pesek JJ. Rapid analysis of pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline in biological samples by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry and a silica hydride column. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:1482-1488. [PMID: 30680922 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201801292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline crosslinks are biomarkers found in urine for collagen degradation in bone turnover. For the first time, a rapid, sensitive, and ion-pairing free method is described for the analysis of pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with Cogent Diamond Hydride column and detection by Q Exactive hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap high resolution accurate mass spectrometry. The separation was achieved using both isocratic and gradient conditions and run time <5 min under isocratic conditions of 20% acetonitrile in water containing 0.1% formic acid. Pyridoxine was used as an internal standard and relative standard deviation of the retention times of both pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline were <1%. The limit of detection was 0.082 ± 0.023 μM for pyridinoline and 0.118 ± 0.052 μM for deoxypyridinoline. The limit of quantitation was 0.245 ± 0.070 μM for pyridinoline and 0.354 ± 0.157 μM for deoxypyridinoline. The method was validated by the detection and quantitation of both pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline in skin and urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafea Naffa
- NZ Leather and Shoe Research Association (LASRA®), Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | | | - Wenkai Zhang
- NZ Leather and Shoe Research Association (LASRA®), Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Catherine Maidment
- NZ Leather and Shoe Research Association (LASRA®), Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Preet Singh
- School of Veterinary Science, College of Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Paul Chamber
- School of Veterinary Science, College of Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Maria T Matyska
- Department of Chemistry, San Jose State University, San Jose, USA
| | - Joseph J Pesek
- Department of Chemistry, San Jose State University, San Jose, USA
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Immature and Mature Collagen Crosslinks Quantification Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry in Orbitrap™. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1996:101-111. [PMID: 31127551 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9488-5_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Different methodologies for collagen quantification have been described in the past. Introduction of mass spectrometry combined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a high-resolution tool, which has generated novel applications in biomedical research. In this study, HPLC coupled to electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) was used to characterize tissue samples from AVFs done in rats. These findings helped create a protocol for identifying and quantifying components of immature and mature collagen crosslink moieties. Two different internal standards were used: epinephrine and pyridoxine. Quantification curves were drawn by means of these standards. The goal of the experiment was to achieve accurate quantification with the minimum amount of sample. Time and cost of experiment were considerably minimized. Up to date, this method has not been tested for crosslinking quantification.
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Lang J, Zhao Q, He Y, Yu X. Bone turnover markers and novel biomarkers in lung cancer bone metastases. Biomarkers 2018; 23:518-526. [PMID: 29683727 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2018.1463566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Lung cancer still remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Bone is one of preferred metastatic sites for lung cancer cells. So far, both accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of lung cancer bone metastases are difficult. OBJECTIVE This review aimed to evaluate roles of bone turnover markers (BTMs), microRNAs (miRNAs), dickkopf1 (DKK1) and insulin like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) in lung cancer bone metastases. METHODS We searched articles about these four biomarkers in lung cancer bone metastases mainly in PubMed. RESULT The levels of bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), cross-linked carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type-I collagen (ICTP) and N-terminal telopeptides of type-I collagen (NTX) were reported to be significantly increased in lung cancer patients with bone metastases. ALP, NTX and bone sialoprotein were thought to be associated with prognosis of lung cancer patients with bone metastases. MiRNA-335, miRNA-33a, miRNA-21, DKK1 and IGFBP-3 were revealed to be novel biomarkers in lung cancer bone metastases. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Current researches have revealed that BTMs, miRNAs, DKK1 and IGFBP-3 may be useful in diagnosis, prognosis evaluation or treatment of lung cancer bone metastases. More studies about these biomarkers in lung cancer bone metastases are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangli Lang
- a Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism , State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Qian Zhao
- b Department of General practice , West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Yuedong He
- c Department of Gynecology , West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Xijie Yu
- a Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism , State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
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Tang JC, Dutton JJ, Piec I, Green D, Fisher E, Washbourne CJ, Fraser WD. LC-MS/MS application for urine free pyridinoline and free deoxypyridinoline: Urine markers of collagen and bone degradation. CLINICAL MASS SPECTROMETRY (DEL MAR, CALIF.) 2016; 1:11-18. [PMID: 39193423 PMCID: PMC11322722 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinms.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Pyridinium cross-links pyridinoline (PYD) and deoxypyridinoline (DPD) are established markers of collagen degradation. Measurement of PYD and DPD can be used to evaluate changes in bone turnover in patients with metabolic bone disease and to monitor response to anti-resorptive treatment. Objective To develop a method to extract and measure urine free PYD (fPYD) and free DPD (fDPD) by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The method was used to quantify urine samples from 172 healthy individuals and 63 patients diagnosed with metabolic bone disease. Method Acidified urine samples were extracted using solid phase extraction with cellulose slurry. PYD and DPD were separated by reversed-phase, ion-paired chromatography prior to MS/MS detection. Results The fully validated method showed good agreement with other laboratories in the UK National External Proficiency Scheme (UK NEQAS). The method was compared against two commercial immunoassays for fDPD and pyridinium cross-links, r 2 were 0.906 and 0.816 respectively. Urine concentrations of fDPD/Cr and fPYD/Cr were significantly higher in the patients than healthy individuals (p < 0.001). An average (±SD) fDPD:fPYD ratio of 0.29 (±0.08) was consistently observed across all subgroups. A markedly increased fDPD:fPYD ratio of 8.9 was observed in a patient with type VI Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS). Conclusion Simultaneous measurement of two free pyridinium cross-links provides a valuable, cost effective assessment tool for use in the diagnostic work-up of patients with metabolic bone disease. Improvements in sample extraction efficiency have increased assay specificity and analysis throughput. The use of the fDPD:fPYD ratio can assist in the diagnosis of type VI EDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan C.Y. Tang
- Bioanalytical Facility, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - John J. Dutton
- Bioanalytical Facility, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Isabelle Piec
- Bioanalytical Facility, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Darrell Green
- Bioanalytical Facility, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Emily Fisher
- Bioanalytical Facility, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Christopher J. Washbourne
- Bioanalytical Facility, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - William D. Fraser
- Bioanalytical Facility, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Colney Lane, Norwich NR4 7UY, UK
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Colney Lane, Norwich NR4 7UY, UK
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Rief H, Omlor G, Akbar M, Bruckner T, Rieken S, Förster R, Schlampp I, Welzel T, Bostel T, Roth HJ, Debus J. Biochemical markers of bone turnover in patients with spinal metastases after resistance training under radiotherapy--a randomized trial. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:231. [PMID: 26983672 PMCID: PMC4794897 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2278-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To compare the effects of resistance training versus passive physical therapy on bone turnover markers (BTM) in the metastatic bone during radiation therapy (RT) in patients with spinal bone metastases. Secondly, to evaluate an association of BTM to local response, skeletal-related events (SRE), and number of metastases. Methods In this randomized trial, 60 patients were allocated from September 2011 to March 2013 into one of the two arms: resistance training (Arm A) or passive physical therapy (Arm B) with thirty patients in each arm during RT. Biochemical markers such as pyridinoline (PYD), desoxy-pyridinoline (DPD), bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), total amino-terminal propeptide of type I collagen (PINP), beta-isomer of carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-I), and cross-linked N-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTX) were analyzed at baseline, and three months after RT. Results Mean change values of PYD and CTX-I were significantly lower at 3 months after RT (p = 0.035 and p = 0.043) in Arm A. Importantly, all markers decreased in both arms, except of PYD and CTX-I in arm B, although significance was not reached for some biomarkers. In arm A, the local response was significantly higher (p = 0.003) and PINP could be identified as a predictor for survivors (OR 0.968, 95%CI 0.938–0.999, p = 0.043). BAP (OR 0.974, 95%CI 0.950–0.998, p = 0.034) and PINP (OR 1.025, 95%CI 1.001–1.049, p = 0.044) were related with an avoidance of SRE. Conclusions In this group of patients with spinal bone metastases, we were able to show that patients with guided resistance training of the paravertebral muscles can influence BTM. PYD and CTX-I decreased significantly in arm A. PINP can be considered as a complementary tool for prediction of local response, and PINP as well as BAP for avoidance of SRE. Trial registration Clinical trial identifier NCT 01409720. August 2, 2011.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Rief
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Georg Omlor
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Schlierbacherstrasse 120a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Akbar
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Schlierbacherstrasse 120a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Bruckner
- Department of Medical Biometry, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Rieken
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robert Förster
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ingmar Schlampp
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Welzel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tilman Bostel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heinz Jürgen Roth
- Department of Endocrinology/Oncology, Limbach Laboratory Heidelberg, Im Breitspiel 15, 69126, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Debus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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Ramírez-Guerra HE, Mazorra-Manzano MA, Ezquerra-Brauer JM, Carvajal-Millán E, Pacheco-Aguilar R, Lugo-Sánchez ME, Ramírez-Suárez JC. Hydroxylysyl-pyridinoline occurrence and chemical characteristics of collagen present in jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) tissues. J Food Compost Anal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Xia J, Zhang Z, Wang J, Zu J, Wang N, Wang D. Comparison of the effects of heparin and the direct factor Xa inhibitor, rivaroxaban, on bone microstructure and metabolism in adult rats. Connect Tissue Res 2015; 56:477-82. [PMID: 26305919 DOI: 10.3109/03008207.2015.1069285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM Deep venous thrombosis is a significant complication following surgery, and is associated with high morbidity and mortality in adults. The direct factor Xa inhibitor, rivaroxaban, is used to prevent venous thromboembolism in patients suffering from trauma and joint arthroplasty. The present study compared the effects of rivaroxaban and heparin on bone microstructure and metabolism in adult rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four Wistar rats were divided into sham, rivaroxaban and heparin groups. Rivaroxaban (1.5 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)) and heparin (2 IU·g(-1)·d(-1)) were administered for 4 weeks. To assess changes in bone metabolism, serum calcium and phosphorus levels, and bone formation and resorption markers were examined. Micro-CT analysis was used to examine the microstructure of both trabecular and cortical bone. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was employed to detect bone mineral density (BMD). RESULTS Serum phosphorus levels were significantly lower in both rivaroxaban (1.33 ± 0.07 mmol/L) and heparin (1.33 ± 0.21 mmol/L) rats than in sham rats (1.71 ± 0.14 mmol/L). Activity and levels of bone formation markers, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and type I procollagen N-terminal pro-peptide (PINP), were 32.4 and 38.2% lower in heparin-treated rats than in sham rats. Bone resorption markers, pyridinoline (PYD) and deoxypyridinoline (DPD), were 20.1 and 34.3% higher in heparin-treated rats than in sham rats, respectively. By contrast, rivaroxaban only resulted in a decrease PINP levels. Bone volume fraction (BV/TV) decreased by 23.5 and 20.5% from those in sham rats, while trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) increased by 28.2 and 16.3% in trabecular bone of heparin- and rivaroxaban-treated rats, [corrected] respectively. Moreover, the microstructure of cortical bone and BMD were negatively affected by heparin but not by rivaroxaban. CONCLUSION Rivaroxaban leads to fewer adverse effects on bone microstructure than heparin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjun Xia
- a Department of Orthopaedics , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhipeng Zhang
- a Department of Orthopaedics , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin , People's Republic of China
| | - Jialiang Wang
- a Department of Orthopaedics , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin , People's Republic of China
| | - Jianing Zu
- a Department of Orthopaedics , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin , People's Republic of China
| | - Nanxiang Wang
- a Department of Orthopaedics , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin , People's Republic of China
| | - Duanyang Wang
- a Department of Orthopaedics , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin , People's Republic of China
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Zaitseva OV. Biochemical markers of bone collagen type I metabolism. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2015; 87:21-32. [DOI: 10.15407/ubj87.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Sheedy JR, Gooley PR, Nahid A, Tull DL, McConville MJ, Kukuljan S, Nowson CA, Daly RM, Ebeling PR. 1H-NMR analysis of the human urinary metabolome in response to an 18-month multi-component exercise program and calcium–vitamin-D3supplementation in older men. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2014; 39:1294-304. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2014-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The musculoskeletal benefits of calcium and vitamin-D3supplementation and exercise have been extensively studied, but the effect on metabolism remains contentious. Urine samples were analyzed by1H-NMR spectroscopy from participants recruited for an 18-month, randomized controlled trial of a multi-component exercise program and calcium and vitamin-D3fortified milk consumption. It was shown previously that no increase in musculoskeletal composition was observed for participants assigned to the calcium and vitamin-D3intervention, but exercise resulted in increased bone mineral density, total lean body mass, and muscle strength. Retrospective metabolomics analysis of urine samples from patients involved in this study revealed no distinct changes in the urinary metabolome in response to the calcium and vitamin-D3intervention, but significant changes followed the exercise intervention, notably a reduction in creatinine and an increase in choline, guanidinoacetate, and hypoxanthine (p < 0.001, fold change > 1.5). These metabolites are intrinsically involved in anaerobic ATP synthesis, intracellular buffering, and methyl-balance regulation. The exercise intervention had a marked effect on the urine metabolome and markers of muscle turnover but none of these metabolites were obvious markers of bone turnover. Measurement of specific urinary exercise biomarkers may provide a basis for monitoring performance and metabolic response to exercise regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R. Sheedy
- Department of Medicine, NorthWest Academic Centre, Sunshine Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Furlong Road, St Albans, Victoria, Australia, 3021
- Metabolomics Australia, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, 3010
- Department of Zoology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, 3010
| | - Paul R. Gooley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, 3010
| | - Amsha Nahid
- Monash University, Department of Physiology, Clayton Campus, Victoria, Australia, 3800
| | - Dedreia L. Tull
- Metabolomics Australia, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, 3010
| | - Malcolm J. McConville
- Metabolomics Australia, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, 3010
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, 3010
| | - Sonja Kukuljan
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia, 3125
| | - Caryl A. Nowson
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia, 3125
| | - Robin M. Daly
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia, 3125
| | - Peter R. Ebeling
- Department of Medicine, NorthWest Academic Centre, Sunshine Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Furlong Road, St Albans, Victoria, Australia, 3021
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Response of Bone Resorption Markers to Aristolochia longa Intake by Algerian Breast Cancer Postmenopausal Women. Adv Pharmacol Sci 2014; 2014:820589. [PMID: 24876833 PMCID: PMC4022159 DOI: 10.1155/2014/820589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aristolochia longa is widely used in traditional medicine in Algeria to treat breast cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the response of bone resorption markers to A. longa intake by Algerian breast cancer postmenopausal women. According to the A. longa intake, breast cancer patients were grouped into A. longa group (Al) (n = 54) and non-A. longa group (non-Al) (n = 24). 32 women constituted the control group. Bone resorption markers (from urine) pyridinoline (PYD) and deoxypyridinoline (DPD) were determined by HPLC. Serum and urinary creatinine, uric acid, and urea were measured. 1 g of A. longa intake resulted in significant rise of renal serum markers and a pronounced increase of bone resorption markers. The intake of A. longa roots is detrimental for kidney function and resulted in high bone resorption, maybe due to the reduction in renal function caused by the aristolochic acids contained in the roots.
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The success of endosseous implants in human immunodeficiency virus–positive patients receiving antiretroviral therapy. J Am Dent Assoc 2011; 142:1010-6. [DOI: 10.14219/jada.archive.2011.0320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Monticelli E, Aman CS, Costa ML, Rota P, Bogdan D, Allevi P, Cighetti G. Simultaneous free and glycosylated pyridinium crosslink determination in urine: validation of an HPLC-fluorescence method using a deoxypyridinoline homologue as internal standard. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2011; 879:2764-71. [PMID: 21855424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Revised: 06/29/2011] [Accepted: 07/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Pyridinoline (Pyr), deoxypyridinoline (D-Pyr), galactosyl-pyridinoline (Gal-Pyr) and glucosyl-galactosyl pyridinoline (GluGal-Pyr) are enzymatic mature pyridinium crosslinks. Generally, only total Pyr and D-Pyr urinary amounts (free+bound forms) are evaluated by HPLC as indices of bone resorption. This report describes the validation of an HPLC-fluorescence method for the simultaneous evaluation of free Pyr and D-Pyr, together with GluGal-Pyr and Gal-Pyr, in urine of healthy women (n=20, aged 27-41) and girls (n=20, aged 5-10). The use of an unnatural D-Pyr homologue, here proposed for the first time as internal standard, and of pure Pyr, D-Pyr, GluGal-Pyr and Gal-Pyr synthesized to be used as primary calibrators, guarantees method specificity and correct crosslink quantification. Urine, spiked with IS, was solid-phase extracted prior to HPLC analysis. Total Pyr and D-Pyr amounts were also evaluated after urine hydrolysis. The HPLC method was validated for selectivity, sensitivity, linearity, precision, accuracy, recovery and stability for all measured crosslinks. Both free and total Pyr and D-Pyr as well as GluGal-Pyr and Gal-Pyr amounts were significantly higher in girls than in women (p<0.0001), indicating an increased collagen turnover rather than only bone turnover. Gal-Pyr, for the first time evaluated in girls, was under its lower quantification limit (<LLOQ, <21.20 pmol/mL) in women. The measurement of free and glycosylated pyridinium crosslinks might provide more information on the degradation of various types of collagen than only that of total Pyr and D-Pyr. Moreover, this validated method could be a useful non-invasive technique for studying pathological conditions characterized by modified glycosylation enzyme activity and for more clinical investigation on bone fragility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Monticelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Luigi Sacco, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy
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Evolving role of bone biomarkers in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Neoplasia 2011; 12:685-96. [PMID: 20824045 DOI: 10.1593/neo.10610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2010] [Revised: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 06/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The preferential metastasis of prostate cancer cells to bone disrupts the process of bone remodeling and results in lesions that cause significant pain and patient morbidity. Although prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is an established biomarker in prostate cancer, it provides only limited information relating to bone metastases and the treatment of metastatic bone disease with bisphosphonates or novel noncytotoxic targeted or biological agents that may provide clinical benefits without affecting PSA levels. As bone metastases develop, factors derived from bone metabolism are released into blood and urine, including N- and C-terminal peptide fragments of type 1 collagen and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, which represent potentially useful biomarkers for monitoring metastatic bone disease. A number of clinical trials have investigated these bone biomarkers with respect to their diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive values. Results suggest that higher levels of bone biomarkers are associated with an increased risk of skeletal-related events and/or death. As a result of these findings, bone biomarkers are now being increasingly used as study end points, particularly in studies investigating novel agents with putative bone effects. Data from prospective clinical trials are needed to validate the use of bone biomarkers and to confirm that marker levels provide additional information beyond traditional methods of response evaluation for patients with metastatic prostate cancer.
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Hari Kumar KVS, Muthukrishnan J, Verma A, Modi KD. Correlation between bone markers and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Endocr Pract 2009; 14:1102-7. [PMID: 19158049 DOI: 10.4158/ep.14.9.1102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the relationship between bone markers and bone mineral density (BMD) in an effort to identify their utility in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. METHODS Eighty-two consecutive postmenopausal women with untreated osteoporosis were included in the study. Forearm, spinal, and femoral BMD by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and markers of bone formation (serum osteocalcin and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase) and bone resorption (urinary free deoxypyridinoline) were measured in all patients. Patients with low serum vitamin D levels, secondary osteoporosis, or clinically significant systemic disease were excluded from the study. The patients were classified on the basis of BMD of the lumbar spine into the following 3 groups: mild (n = 23) (T score -2.5 through -3), moderate (n = 42) (T score -3.1 through -4), or severe (n = 17) (T score <or=-4.1) osteoporosis. One-way analysis of variance and Pearson correlation were used for statistical analysis, with a P value <.05 being considered significant. RESULTS Serum osteocalcin was significantly different among the 3 study groups (4.1 +/- 2.7, 4.5 +/- 3.1, and 6.7 +/- 5.6 ng/mL, respectively; P = .0349) and had a significant negative correlation with BMD (r2 = -0.0779; P = .0168). Other bone markers such as bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and urinary free deoxypyridinoline did not correlate with the underlying BMD. CONCLUSION In our study, osteocalcin was significantly correlated with BMD in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Other bone markers did not correlate with BMD. Further large-scale population data and analyses are needed to confirm these findings.
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Kraenzlin ME, Kraenzlin CA, Meier C, Giunta C, Steinmann B. Automated HPLC assay for urinary collagen cross-links: effect of age, menopause, and metabolic bone diseases. Clin Chem 2008; 54:1546-53. [PMID: 18653826 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2008.105262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pyridinium cross-links pyridinoline (PYD) and deoxypyridinoline (DPD) are established markers of bone resorption. We evaluated the analytical and clinical performance of a commercially available PYD HPLC assay and established reference intervals in children and adults. METHODS We used a commercially available reagent set (Chromsystems Instruments & Chemicals) to measure PYD and DPD in 319 healthy controls (156 premenopausal women, 80 healthy men, and 83 healthy children age 1 month to 14 years) and 397 patients with metabolic bone diseases (postmenopausal osteoporosis, n = 175; male osteoporosis, n = 176; hyperparathyroidism, n = 17; hyperthyroidism, n = 19; Paget disease, n = 10). RESULTS The mean intraassay and interassay CVs were <6% and <8% for both PYD and DPD, respectively. The reference interval was constant for premenopausal women in the age group 20-49 years. In men, cross-link values peaked at 20-29 years and decreased thereafter. Women with postmenopausal osteoporosis had significantly higher PYD (51%) and DPD (58%) values compared to premenopausal women. Similar results were found in osteoporotic men. In children the highest values were found in the first weeks and months after birth, followed by a decrease of 50%-60% at age 11-14 years. In metabolic bone diseases cross-link concentrations were significantly increased. The DPD:PYD ratio (mean value approximately 0.2) was remarkably constant in all populations evaluated. CONCLUSIONS The automated HPLC assay is a precise and convenient method for PYD and DPD measurement. We established reference intervals for adult women and men and for children up to 14 years old. The cross-link concentrations we determined by use of this HPLC method confirm its clinical value in enabling identification of increased bone resorption in patients with metabolic bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius E Kraenzlin
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland.
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