1
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Alaoui Slimani K, Debbagh A, Sbitti Y, Errihani H, Ichou M. [Male breast cancer in Morocco: Epidemiology and prognostic factors. A report of 140 cases]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 44:636-640. [PMID: 27671207 DOI: 10.1016/j.gyobfe.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Male breast cancer is rare; it constitutes 0.2-1.5 % of all malignant tumors in men and 1 % of all breast cancers. METHODS The goal of this retrospective study is to analyze the epidemiologic, clinic, therapeutic and evolutive profiles of this disease in 140 cases collected at the National Institute of Oncology and military hospital in Rabat, Morocco, between the years 1998 and 2007. RESULTS The mean age was 61 years. A high incidence of overweight was found. The most frequent clinical presentation was a firm subareolar lump in 83 % of cases. The most common pathological type was an infiltrating ductal carcinoma (93 %). Hormone receptors were positive in 86 % of cases. Eighty-five percent of patients underwent simple mastectomy and axillary dissection, 68 % chest wall irradiation after surgery, 54 % received chemotherapy and 82 % hormonal therapy. Median follow-up was 91.1 months. The estimated 5-year and 10-year overall survival was respectively 68 % and 74 %. CONCLUSION The management of male and female breast carcinoma is the same, as well as their prognosis at equal stages. Future research for better understanding of this disease are needed to improve the management and prognosis of male patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Alaoui Slimani
- Service d'oncologie médicale, hôpital militaire d'instruction Mohamed V, 10100 Rabat, Maroc.
| | - A Debbagh
- Service d'oncologie médicale, hôpital militaire d'instruction Mohamed V, 10100 Rabat, Maroc
| | - Y Sbitti
- Service d'oncologie médicale, hôpital militaire d'instruction Mohamed V, 10100 Rabat, Maroc
| | - H Errihani
- Service d'oncologie médicale, Institut national d'oncologie, Rabat, Maroc
| | - M Ichou
- Service d'oncologie médicale, hôpital militaire d'instruction Mohamed V, 10100 Rabat, Maroc
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Mounguengui D, Owono-Mbouengou JP, Gaudong-Mbete GL, Ibinga LD, Engohan C, Kombila UD, Boguikouma JB. [Breast cancer in men: about 3 cases at the l'Hôpital d'instruction des armées Omar Bongo Ondimba (HIAOBO) (Gabon)]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [PMID: 26201647 DOI: 10.1007/s13149-015-0439-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We report three cases of breast cancer in men observed at Military Teaching Hospital Omar Bongo Ondimba between January 2008 and December 2009, under varying circumstances, with all unfavorable evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Mounguengui
- Hôpital d'instruction des armées Omar Bongo Ondimba (HIAOBO), BP 20404, Libreville, Gabon.
| | - J P Owono-Mbouengou
- Hôpital d'instruction des armées Omar Bongo Ondimba (HIAOBO), BP 20404, Libreville, Gabon
| | - G L Gaudong-Mbete
- Hôpital d'instruction des armées Omar Bongo Ondimba (HIAOBO), BP 20404, Libreville, Gabon
| | - L D Ibinga
- Hôpital d'instruction des armées Omar Bongo Ondimba (HIAOBO), BP 20404, Libreville, Gabon
| | - C Engohan
- Hôpital d'instruction des armées Omar Bongo Ondimba (HIAOBO), BP 20404, Libreville, Gabon
| | - U D Kombila
- Hôpital d'instruction des armées Omar Bongo Ondimba (HIAOBO), BP 20404, Libreville, Gabon
| | - J B Boguikouma
- Hôpital d'instruction des armées Omar Bongo Ondimba (HIAOBO), BP 20404, Libreville, Gabon
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3
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Laabadi K, Jayi S, Alaoui FF, Bouguern H, Chaara H, Melhouf MA, Hassani KIM, Laalim SA, Anoun H, Toughrai I, Mazaz K. [Breast cancer in men: about 6 cases]. Pan Afr Med J 2013; 16:70. [PMID: 24711870 PMCID: PMC3976654 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2013.16.70.2345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Le but de ce travail était d'analyser les caractéristiques cliniques, histologiques, thérapeutiques et pronostiques du cancer du sein chez l'homme. Il s'agissait d'une étude rétrospective portant sur six patients colligés au service de gynécologie obstétrique II, CHU Hassan II durant la période 2009-2012. L’âge moyen de nos patients est de 65.3 ans. Il s'agit dans 83.3% des cas, d'une tumeur rétroaréolaire dont la taille moyenne est de 44.16 mm. Nous avons retrouvé 4 (66.7%) T4, 1 (16.7%) T3 et dans un cas, une tumeur inclassable. Le type histologique le plus représenté est le carcinome canalaire infiltrant (66.7%). Le taux d'envahissement ganglionnaire axillaire est de 66.7%. L'hormonodépendance de ces tumeurs est prouvée dans 100% des cas. La survie à cinq ans est en cours d’évaluation. L'envahissement ganglionnaire, l'invasion du derme, le stade clinique TNM sont des facteurs qui influencent significativement la survenue de métastases. Aucun de ces facteurs de risque n'est apparu significatif en termes de survie globale. Le cancer du sein chez l'homme est une maladie rare (environ 1% des cancers du sein) au pronostic sombre. Le diagnostic est le plus souvent tardif et les lésions sont traitées à des stades avancés.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sofia Jayi
- Service de gynéco-obstétrique 2, CHU Hassan II, Fes, Maroc
| | | | | | - Hikmat Chaara
- Service de gynéco-obstétrique 2, CHU Hassan II, Fes, Maroc
| | | | | | | | - Hicham Anoun
- Service de chirurgie générale, CHU Hassan II, FES, Maroc
| | - Imane Toughrai
- Service de chirurgie générale, CHU Hassan II, FES, Maroc
| | - Khalid Mazaz
- Service de chirurgie générale, CHU Hassan II, FES, Maroc
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4
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Laabadi K, Jayi S, Alaoui FF, Bouguern H, Chaara H, Melhouf MA. [Colloid carcinoma of the breast: about a case]. Pan Afr Med J 2013; 16:93. [PMID: 24772222 PMCID: PMC3996445 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2013.16.93.3444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nous rapportons le cas d'une tumeur colloïde du sein chez un homme. Cette situation rare interpelle par son mode de découverte. Nous avons pris en charge un homme de 60 ans atteint d'une lésion rétro-aréolaire droite classée cliniquement T4b N1 M0 et suspecte radiologiquement. L'analyse histologique (microbiopsie) a conclu à un carcinome colloïde muqueux associé à une petite composante canalaire classique de grade I de SBR du sein. Les traitements complémentaires associent mastectomie, curage, chimiothérapie, radiothérapie et hormonothérapie. Le cancer du sein est rare chez l'homme. Le carcinome colloïde est exceptionnel puisqu'il représente seulement 1 à 6% de l'ensemble des cancers du sein. Il est encore plus rare chez l'homme. Ces tumeurs touchent une population spécifique et ont un meilleur pronostic que les autres types prépondérant dans les cancers du sein chez l'homme. A travers cette observation et une revue de la littérature, nous essaierons de discuter les principales caractéristiques anatomo-cliniques et évolutives de cette forme rare du cancer du sein.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sofia Jayi
- Service de gynéco, obstétrique 2, CHU HASSAN II, Fes, Maroc
| | | | | | - Hikmat Chaara
- Service de gynéco, obstétrique 2, CHU HASSAN II, Fes, Maroc
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DABAKUYO T, DIALLA O, GENTIL J, POILLOT ML, ROIGNOT P, CUISENIER J, ARVEUX P. Breast cancer in men in Cote d'Or (France): epidemiological characteristics, treatments and prognostic factors. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2012; 21:809-16. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2354.2012.01365.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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El-Beshbeshi W, Abo-Elnaga EM. Male breast cancer: 10-year experience at mansoura university hospital in egypt. Cancer Biol Med 2012; 9:23-8. [PMID: 23691450 PMCID: PMC3643641 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-3941.2012.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease representing less than 1% of all malignancies. The objective of the study is to report clinicopathological characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes of MBC in Mansoura University Hospital, Egypt. Methods This retrospective study focused on male breast cancer patients during 10 years (2000-2009). The studied variables were data regarding general characteristics of patients, treatment modalities and survival. Results The series included 37 patients (0.8% of all breast cancer). The median age was 57.7 years (range: 26-86 years). The main clinical complaint was a mass beneath the areola in 94.5% of the cases. Most patients had a locally advanced disease. 94.5% of tumors were invasive duct carcinomas. The treatment was essentially surgery in 91.8%, followed by adjuvant radiotherapy (in 89.2%), hormonal therapy (in 56.7%) and chemotherapy (in 91.8%). Follow-up period ranged from 6-115 months. Local recurrence occurred in 4 cases and metastasis in 11 cases. The 2-year and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 81.6% and 60.5%, respectively. The 2-year and 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 68.4%, and 52.6%, respectively. OS was not significantly affected by any of the studied parameters. Factors influencing DFS were: T stage (P=0.05), positive lymph nodes (P=0.043), metastasis (P=0.004), and chemotherapy (P=0.046). Conclusions MBC is a rare disease and often diagnosed at a locally advanced stage. The management of male and female breast carcinoma is identical. Future research for better understanding of this disease is needed to improve the management and prognosis of male breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa El-Beshbeshi
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, El-Daklalia 002, Egypt
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Hali F, Khadir K, Idhammou W, Bensardi FZ, Lefriyekh MR, Benider A, Zamiati S, Benchikhi H. Manifestations cutanées du cancer du sein chez l’homme. Presse Med 2011; 40:e483-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2011.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2010] [Revised: 03/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Sellal N, Haddad H, Bouchbika Z, Benchakroun N, Jouhadi H, Tawfiq N, Sahraoui S, Benider A. Cancer du sein: l’homme est aussi concerné. Étude de 21 cas. Basic Clin Androl 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s12610-010-0116-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Résumé
Introduction
Le cancer du sein, première pathologie maligne chez la femme, reste une maladie rare chez l’homme. Il représente environ 1 % des cancers du sein et moins de 1 % de l’ensemble des néoplasies masculines. L’objectif de cette étude est d’analyser les caractéristiques cliniques, histologiques et thérapeutiques du cancer du sein chez l’homme.
Patients et méthodes
Les auteurs présentent une étude descriptive menée de manière rétrospective au service de radiothérapie-oncologie du CHU Ibn-Rochd de Casablanca, entre janvier 2006 et décembre 2007, concernant une série de 21 patients de sexe masculin présentant un cancer du sein.
Résultats
L’âge médian était de 70 ans (extrêmes: 39–84). Le délai médian de consultation était de huit mois (extrêmes: 2–24). Il s’agissait, dans 16 cas, d’une tumeur rétroaréolaire dont la taille médiane était de 35 mm (extrêmes: 15–80). Les tumeurs étaient classées T2 dans 12 cas et T4 dans sept cas. Le type histologique le plus représenté était le carcinome canalaire infiltrant (CCI) [18 cas]. Le grade SBR II a été retrouvé dans 13 cas. Le taux d’envahissement ganglionnaire axillaire prouvé histologiquement était de 38 % (huit patients) et dans 14 % des cas plus de trois ganglions étaient envahis. L’effraction capsulaire n’a été retrouvée que dans quatre cas. Les récepteurs hormonaux étaient positifs dans 19 cas. La prise en charge thérapeutique a consisté en une chirurgie radicale dans 14 cas avec une chimiothérapie associée à une radiothérapie dans cinq cas, 66 % des patients ont reçu une hormonothérapie. Après un suivi moyen de 23 mois, trois malades ont développé des métastases et six malades sont encore vivants sans maladie.
Conclusion
Le cancer du sein chez l’homme est rare. Son diagnostic se fait souvent à un stade tardif. Son traitement est similaire à celui de la femme avec un retard diagnostique retentissant sur le pronostic.
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Cebioglu M, Schild HH, Golubnitschaja O. Cancer predisposition in diabetics: risk factors considered for predictive diagnostics and targeted preventive measures. EPMA J 2010. [PMID: 23199047 PMCID: PMC3405313 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-010-0015-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a lifelong progressive disease with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Whereas cardiovascular complications are well-known for DM, increasing evidence indicates that diabetics are predisposed to cancer. Understanding of molecular pathomechanisms of cancer in DM is of great importance. Dysregulation of glucose/insulin homeostasis leads to increased production of Reactive Oxygen/Nitrogen Species (ROS/RNS) and consequent damage to chromosomal/mitochondrial DNA, a frequent finding in DM. Long-term accumulation of modified/damaged DNA is well-acknowledged as triggering cancer. DNA-repair is a highly energy consuming process provoking increased mitochondrial activity. Particularly dangerous is a provoked activity of damaged mitochondria leading to a “vicious circle” lowering energy supply and potentiating ROS/RNS production. Mitochondrial dysfunction may be implicated in pathomechanisms of diabetes-related cancer. High risk for infectious disorders and induced viral proto-oncogenic activity may further contribute to cancer provocation. Much attention should be focused on preventive measures in diabetic healthcare, in order to restrict severe diabetes-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Cebioglu
- Division of Molecular/Experimental Radiology, Department of Radiology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany
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Rachid S, Yacouba H, Hassane N. Male breast cancer: 22 case reports at the National Hospital of Niamey-Niger (West Africa). Pan Afr Med J 2009; 3:15. [PMID: 21532724 PMCID: PMC2984291 DOI: 10.4314/pamj.v3i1.52454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2009] [Accepted: 10/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Male breast cancer (MBC) is rare. The objective of the study is to report clinicopathological characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes of MBC.
Method:
This study, which includes two parts (retrospective and prospective), focused on all hospitalized male patients with breast cancer during 17 years (1992–2008) with histological confirmation.
Results:
The series included 22 patients. The mean age was 52.8 years (range: 28–80 years). MBC represented 5.7% of all breast cancers. Most patients had an advanced disease with skin ulceration and inflammation T3 (31.9%) and T4 (59.1%). The majority of patients came from rural areas (63.6%). The duration of signs ranged from 1 to 7 years. Histology found infiltrating ductal carcinoma in 14 cases (63.6%), sarcoma in 3 cases (13.6%), papillary carcinoma in 2 cases (9%), and lobular carcinoma, medullar carcinoma, and mucinous carcinoma in 4.6% each of the others cases. The treatment had consisted of a radical mastectomy (Halsted or Patey) in 19 cases (86.4%) with axillary clearance and incomplete resection in 3 cases (13.6%). In the retrospective study follow-up of 14 patients, we lost sight of 13 patients 6 months after surgery. In the prospective study of 8 patients 10 to 36 months after mastectomy, 4 patients were deceased (50%), 4 were alive with 1 case having a local recurrence and pulmonary metastasis.
Conclusion:
The advanced clinical forms of MBC are most frequent with skin ulceration and nodal enlargement. The absence of radiotherapy and the low access of chemotherapy limited the treatment to radical mastectomy (Halsted) in the majority of cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sani Rachid
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital of Niamey. PB: 238 - Niamey - Niger -Tel: 00 227 20 72 22 53
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El Mansouri L, Couchouron T, Le Roux G, Dugast C, Burtin F, Albert JD, Perdriger A, Hassouni NH, Chalès G. Breast cancer in a male with ankylosing spondylitis treated with TNFalpha antagonists. Joint Bone Spine 2009; 76:421-3. [PMID: 19457692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2008.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2008] [Accepted: 12/02/2008] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A 72-year-old male with a 4-year history of TNFalpha antagonist therapy (infliximab and etanercept) for ankylosing spondylitis was diagnosed with breast cancer. He had a family history of breast cancer. The low incidence and considerable severity of breast cancer in males, genetic risk factors, and potential role for TNFalpha antagonist therapy are discussed.
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Yoney A, Kucuk A, Unsal M. Male breast cancer: a retrospective analysis. Cancer Radiother 2009; 13:103-7. [PMID: 19250851 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2008.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2008] [Revised: 11/02/2008] [Accepted: 11/05/2008] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate our results in the treatment of male breast cancer patients with respect to local control (LC), overall survival (OS) and possible prognosis factors for survival. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty-nine patients with male breast cancer have been retrospectively studied with the trial aim to evaluate the results of our practice. Among them, 94.8% had invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), 2.6% invasive papillary carcinoma (IPC) and 2.6% invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) and the distribution according to stage was found to be 12.8, 46.2, 30.7 and 10.3% in Stages I, II, III and IV, respectively. Among the patients, 7.7% received radiotherapy (RT) and hormonotherapy (HT), 22.8% received chemotherapy (CT), 61.8% received chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and HT and 7.7% received HT in addition to surgery. RESULTS The distant metastases rate was 36% and the local recurrence rate was 5%. All the local recurrences and the distant metastases had occurred after the first two years. The five-year disease free survival (DFS) and OS rates were 65.8 and 80.1% respectively. In our series, univariate analysis for OS demonstrated statistical significance for lymph node metastases (p=0.00001), stage (p=0.0098) and age (p=0.03); while RT in the treatment modality (p=0.6849), and tumor size (p=0.4439) demonstrated no significance. The presence of lymph node metastases significantly impairs OS (p=0.004) and DFS (p=0.014) in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION Postoperative radiotherapy was important in the management of male breast cancer to improve LC resulting in one local failure, but did not improve OS and DFS in our analysis. The presence of lymph node metastases significantly impaired OS and DFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Yoney
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, 34384 Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey.
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13
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Bagnera S, Campanino P, Barisone F, Mariscotti G, Gandini G. Imaging, histology and hormonal features of five cases of male breast cancer observed in a single year: comparison with the literature. Radiol Med 2008; 113:1096-109. [PMID: 18836815 DOI: 10.1007/s11547-008-0331-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2007] [Accepted: 01/02/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The authors assessed mammographic and ultrasound (US) features and histological and biological characteristics of male breast carcinomas observed in five men (mean age 57.8 years) in a single year and compared the findings with the literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS All patients underwent history taking and bilateral mammography and US examination extended to the axillary region and complemented with colour Doppler US. RESULTS Three out of five patients had a family history of breast cancer, and all of them had an altered energy balance (mean body mass index 30.8). All subjects had a palpable mass, which was associated with bloody nipple discharge in two cases. Mammography identified all lesions as opacities with irregular margins (mean size 1.98 cm); in one case, it also revealed a nonpalpable contralateral lesion. US demonstrated the presence of inhomogeneously hypoechoic nodules with irregular margins and centrifugal vascular spots in 4/6 lesions. Histology diagnosed invasive ductal cancer (IDC) in 5/6 lesions (83.3%) and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in the contralateral lesion only. CONCLUSIONS The presence of symptoms warrants mammography, which is an accurate method for identifying male breast cancer. The frequency of invasive disease observed in our study was consistent with the literature (80%-90% IDC). The hormonal alterations induced by excess fat in our series appear to be correlated with the development of carcinomas with positive receptor status for both oestrogen and progesterone.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bagnera
- Istituto Radiologia Diagnostica e Interventistica, Università degli Studi, Dipartimento Discipline Medico-chirurgiche, AO S. Giovanni Battista Molinette, Via Genova 3, 10126 Torino, Italy.
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14
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Yoney A, Kucuk A, Alan O, Unsal M. A retrospective study of treatment and outcome in 39 cases of male breast cancer. Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Ther 2008; 1:98-105. [DOI: 10.1016/s1658-3876(08)50041-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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Abstract
Male breast cancer is a rare condition with scant research into its psychosocial impact. This phenomenologic study sought to elicit its lived experience. Following analysis of interview data, 4 key themes emerged: Living with male breast cancer, concealment as a strategy for managing the diagnosis, a contested masculinity, interacting with health services. Male breast cancer constitutes a unique lived experience for men that is unparalleled in other disease profiles. The idea of living with a feminized illness was very distressing and stigmatizing for some men. Furthermore, treatment resulted in a profound change to the concept of their embodied selves and constituted a significant change to body image and sexuality. This was reinforced in participants who experienced erectile dysfunction related to tamoxifen therapy. Sadly, some health professionals were unable to offer specific psychosocial support, and participants felt marginalized from the potential benefits of the treatment environment. However, participants adapted to the illness by reasserting and renegotiating masculinity and finding ways to accommodate life with a stigmatizing condition and an altered body image.
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16
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Beyrouti MI, Beyrouti R, Beyrouti R, Ben Amar M, Affes N, Frikha F, Abid M, Mnif H, Ayadi L, Ghorbel A. [Breast cancer in men]. Presse Med 2007; 36:1919-24. [PMID: 17448628 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2007.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer in men is rare and most often occurs at or after the age of 60 years. Prognosis is poor when it is discovered at a late stage, as it often is in men, although it should be easier to detect because men have so little breast tissue. The causal mechanism appears to depend on hormone metabolism abnormalities related to elevated estrogen or prolactin levels. A family history of breast cancer is found in 5-10% of cases. Infiltrating ductal carcinoma accounts for most cases (70-90%) of male breast cancers. In situ but not invasive carcinoma is exclusively ductal and accounts for 7% of cases. Spread to lymph nodes is observed in 50-75% of cases. Immunohistochemical analysis shows that tumors are positive for progesterone and estrogen receptors more frequently in men than women. Diagnosis is based on clinical examination, ultrasonography, and mammography. Aspiration cytology often makes it possible to confirm the malignancy. Excisional biopsy with an immediate intraoperative pathology examination confirms malignancy and makes wider excision possible during the same procedure. A modified radical mastectomy with removal of some lymph nodes (Patey's mastectomy) is the standard basic treatment. Locoregional radiotherapy is very often indicated. Hormone therapy is also a first-line treatment. Chemotherapy is reserved for young men with substantial lymph node invasion and negative for hormonal receptors. The prognosis of breast cancer in men remains uncertain because of the frequently late diagnosis, unpredictable course, and high potential for metastasis.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Age Factors
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Biopsy
- Breast/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms, Male/diagnosis
- Breast Neoplasms, Male/diagnostic imaging
- Breast Neoplasms, Male/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms, Male/epidemiology
- Breast Neoplasms, Male/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms, Male/surgery
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/epidemiology
- Child
- Female
- Humans
- Incidence
- Male
- Mammography
- Mastectomy, Modified Radical
- Middle Aged
- Prognosis
- Ultrasonography, Mammary
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Zeppa P, Mascolo M, Zabatta A, Finelli L, Vetrani A, Palombini L. Aggressive papillary male breast carcinoma on fine-needle cytology sample. Diagn Cytopathol 2004; 29:360-3. [PMID: 14648798 DOI: 10.1002/dc.10398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Papillary carcinoma (PC) is a histological variant of breast carcinoma that is more frequently observed in males than in females, showing the same cytological features in both sexes. PC is characterized by a low grade of malignancy and a generally favorable course. We describe a case of male breast PC (MPC) diagnosed by fine-needle cytology (FNC) in which some aggressive morphologically detectable features were associated with bland cytologic features of the tumor. FNC was performed on a 3 cm palpable mass of the left breast of a 55-yr-old male. FNC yielded abundant bloody material. Two smears were Diff-Quik and Papanicolaou stained, others were used for immunocytochemical assessment of estrogen, progesterone, c-erbB-2, and Ki-67; another was Feulgen stained for DNA ploidy. Smears were highly cellular, showing isolated cells and papillary structures. Cells showed tall and well-defined cytoplasm with a columnar aspect, light anisonucleosis, coarse chromatin, and small nucleoli. Immunoperoxidase staining demonstrated positivity for estrogen (50%), negativity for progesterone, intense positivity for c-erbB-2, with specific membrane staining and positivity for Ki-67 in more than 20% of the cells. DNA-ploidy showed an aneuploid histogram with 5c exceeding rate (5cER) of 59% and 2c deviation index (2cDI) of 29%. Subsequent surgical pathology examination confirmed the cytological diagnosis of papillary carcinoma; moreover, it revealed neoplastic endolymphatic thrombi and infiltrative border of the tumor that reached the thoracic wall. Cytological features can suggest diagnosis of MPC on FNC samples. Immunocytochemical evaluation of c-erbB-2 and Ki-67 and DNA ploidy evaluation on cytological smears might reveal a biological aggressiveness of PC despite the bland microscopic features of the tumor and this should influence the therapeutic procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pio Zeppa
- Dipartimento di Anatomia Patologica e Citopatologia, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Napoli "Federico II," Napoli, Italia
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