Congenital aneurysm of the left atrium

Large congenital left atrial wall aneurysm: An updated and comprehensive review of the literature

BACKGROUND

Congenital left atrial wall aneurysms are rare abnormalities that arise from a developmental weakness in the muscular wall. It may be misdiagnosed or go undetected and the delay in diagnosis can lead to catastrophic consequences.

CASE PRESENTATION

An updated and comprehensive review of the literature was performed for all patients with this abnormality under the age of 18. A total of 15 cases including ours are presented in this article. We present a 10-month-old boy who was referred to our center for cardiomegaly. Workup revealed a large atrial wall aneurysm that was successfully corrected with surgery.

CONCLUSION

Historically, left atrial aneurysms were uncommon in the absence of valvular heart disease or other cardiac conditions. Congenital aneurysms are rare phenomenon because they arise without an acquired cardiac disease and surgical correction is crucial for survival.

Surgical Repair of Congenital Left Atrial Aneurysm and Mitral Valve Insufficiency in a Four-Year-Old Child

Left atrial aneurysm is an extremely rare anomaly, which can be associated with supraventricular arrhythmia, compression of coronary arteries, intracardiac thrombus, life-threatening systemic embolization, pulmonary venous obstruction, mitral valve insufficiency, and congestive heart failure. Herein, we report a four-year-old boy who had a giant aneurysm of the left atrium and severe mitral regurgitation. The aneurysm and mitral valve cleft causing severe mitral regurgitation were successfully repaired.

Congenital aneurysm of the left atrial wall

A congenital aneurysm of the left atrial wall (ALAW) is a rare defect resulting from dysplasia and degeneration of myocardial cells in embryogenesis. We report a case of a 50-year-old female with ALAW, and review 16 previously reported cases and summarize the clinical features, imaging data, and the operations used to treat this rare disease.

Congenital Intrapericardial Left Atrial Aneurysm

A 14-year-old boy with sudden onset of palpitations and dyspnea was found to have an intrapericardial left atrial aneurysm (15 × 12 cm). Left atrial aneurysmectomy was carried out under cardiopulmonary bypass. The patient has been symptom-free during a 1-year follow-up.

Off-Pump Excision of Left Atrial Appendage Aneurysm: A Case Report

Isolated congenital intrapericardial aneurysm of the left atrium (LA) or the left atrial appendage (LAA) is a rare anomaly [Zhao 1999]. The patient usually presents with features of systemic embolization, serious arrhythmia, and severe congestive cardiac failure as a complication, which can be fatal. Once the condition is diagnosed, surgery is indicated [Zhao 1999]. We report a case of congenital left atrial appendage aneurysm in a woman who underwent excision of the same.

Left atrial aneurysm

Aneurysms of the left atrium are rare abnormalities. They can be congenital or acquired. Whereas a true congenital aneurysm presents as isolated pathology, inflammatory or degenerative processes involving the endocardium are associated with the acquired type. The clinical records of 2 patients with the diagnosis of left atrial aneurysm were reviewed, along with the surgical strategies, current literature, and patient outcomes. Because of the risk of life-threatening complications, surgery is recommended even in asymptomatic cases. Resection and mitral valvuloplasty should be the treatment of choice.

Congential giant aneurysms of the left atrial appendage: diagnosis and management

Giant congenital intrapericardial aneurysms of the left atrial appendage and body are unusual cardiac anomalies. Only 48 cases have been previously reported in the literature, with the vast majority presenting in otherwise healthy young patients. These can present clinically with persistent arrhythmias and progress to stroke if not diagnosed and treated. Our index case is that of a 34-year-old woman discovered to have a giant left atrial aneurysm who developed intermittent palpitations with sinus tachycardia. We present a review of the literature pertaining to their diagnosis, potential morbidity, and surgical management.

Congenital left atrial aneurysms: clinical characteristics and cross-sectional echocardiographic features

Congenital intrapericardial aneurysm of the left atrial wall is a rare anomaly with protean manifestations. Subtle electrocardiographic and chest radiographic abnormalities often give a clue to this disease. This study describes clinical characteristics, cross-sectional and Doppler echocardiographic features of this anomaly in 4 young male patients.

Congenital aneurysm of the left atrial wall in infancy

A 5-month-old male infant with congenital left atrial aneurysm is reported. The youngest patient previously reported was 2 1/2 years old. This case is unusual because the patient was an infant and because of the degree of mitral insufficiency and acute cardiac decompensation observed in the patient.

Congenital left atrial aneurysm in an infant

Congenital left atrial aneurysm, without associated cardiac abnormalities, is a rare defect. We report the case of a large left atrial aneurysm filling almost the entire left hemothorax. This is the first report of this anomaly occurring in an infant less than 1 year of age.

Congenital left atrial wall aneurysm in a patient with neurofibromatosis

A congenital intrapericardial aneurysmal dilatation of the left atrial wall was found in a 28 year old man who presented with atrial fibrillation after a syncopal event. The patient had cutaneous manifestations of neurofibromatosis. The diagnosis was made by cross sectional echocardiography and confirmed by angiocardiography. Surgical excision of the aneurysm resolved the symptoms.