1
|
Zappaterra M, Catillo G, Fiego DPL, Minelli G, Padalino B, Davoli R. Genetic parameters and analysis of factors affecting variations between backfat and Semimembranosus muscle fatty acid composition in heavy pigs. Meat Sci 2022; 188:108775. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2022.108775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
2
|
Zappaterra M, Catillo G, Lo Fiego DP, Belmonte AM, Padalino B, Davoli R. Describing backfat and Semimembranosus muscle fatty acid variability in heavy pigs: Analysis of non-genetic factors. Meat Sci 2021; 183:108645. [PMID: 34399151 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2021.108645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to describe the multivariate structure of Semimembranosus muscle and backfat fatty acid (FA) composition in 798 Italian Large White heavy pigs and to investigate the effects of environmental factors and carcass characteristics on FA variations. The total FA variability in muscle and backfat was characterized by a negative correlation between saturated and polyunsaturated FAs, which strongly depended on the carcass adiposity. Slaughtering season was also relevant, with pigs slaughtered in autumn having more n-6 FAs and eicosadienoic acid in backfat, while pigs slaughtered in winter displayed more saturated FAs. Regarding Semimembranosus muscle, pigs with heavier belly cuts and slaughtered in autumn had higher proportions of cis-vaccenic and palmitoleic acids, while those slaughtered in summer had more saturated FAs. Slaughtering season emerged as a relevant factor shaping both backfat and muscle FA composition, indicating that more studies and attention should be paid to environmental factors, which may have effects on FA metabolism and deposition in finishing pigs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Zappaterra
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Viale G. Fanin 46, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Gennaro Catillo
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CREA), Centro di ricerca Zootecnia e Acquacoltura (Research Centre for Animal Production and Aquaculture), Via Salaria 31, I-00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Domenico Pietro Lo Fiego
- Department of Life Sciences (DSV), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Amendola 2, I-42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Centre for Agri-Food Biological Resources Improvement and Valorization (BIOGEST-SITEIA), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, P. le Europa 1, I-42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Belmonte
- Department of Life Sciences (DSV), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Amendola 2, I-42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Barbara Padalino
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Viale G. Fanin 46, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberta Davoli
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Viale G. Fanin 46, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Miscibility Transition Temperature Scales with Growth Temperature in a Zebrafish Cell Line. Biophys J 2017; 113:1212-1222. [PMID: 28552311 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells can alter the lipid content of their plasma membranes upon changes in their environment to maintain and adjust membrane function. Recent work suggests that some membrane functions arise because cellular plasma membranes are poised close to a miscibility transition under growth conditions. Here we report experiments utilizing giant plasma membrane vesicles (GPMVs) to explore how membrane transition temperature varies with growth temperature in a zebrafish cell line (ZF4) that can be adapted for growth between 20 and 32°C. We find that GPMV transition temperatures adjust to be 16.7 ± 1.2°C below growth temperature for four growth temperatures investigated and that adjustment occurs over roughly 2 days when temperature is abruptly lowered from 28 to 20°C. We also find that GPMVs have slightly different lipidomes when isolated from cells adapted for growth at 28 and 20°C. Similar to past work in vesicles derived from mammalian cells, fluctuating domains are observed in ZF4-derived GPMVs, consistent with their having critical membrane compositions. Taken together, these experimental results suggest that cells in culture biologically tune their membrane composition in a way that maintains specific proximity to a critical miscibility transition.
Collapse
|
4
|
Dawaliby R, Trubbia C, Delporte C, Noyon C, Ruysschaert JM, Van Antwerpen P, Govaerts C. Phosphatidylethanolamine Is a Key Regulator of Membrane Fluidity in Eukaryotic Cells. J Biol Chem 2015; 291:3658-67. [PMID: 26663081 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.706523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Adequate membrane fluidity is required for a variety of key cellular processes and in particular for proper function of membrane proteins. In most eukaryotic cells, membrane fluidity is known to be regulated by fatty acid desaturation and cholesterol, although some cells, such as insect cells, are almost devoid of sterol synthesis. We show here that insect and mammalian cells present similar microviscosity at their respective physiological temperature. To investigate how both sterols and phospholipids control fluidity homeostasis, we quantified the lipidic composition of insect SF9 and mammalian HEK 293T cells under normal or sterol-modified condition. As expected, insect cells show minimal sterols compared with mammalian cells. A major difference is also observed in phospholipid content as the ratio of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) to phosphatidylcholine (PC) is inverted (4 times higher in SF9 cells). In vitro studies in liposomes confirm that both cholesterol and PE can increase rigidity of the bilayer, suggesting that both can be used by cells to maintain membrane fluidity. We then show that exogenously increasing the cholesterol amount in SF9 membranes leads to a significant decrease in PE:PC ratio whereas decreasing cholesterol in HEK 293T cells using statin treatment leads to an increase in the PE:PC ratio. In all cases, the membrane fluidity is maintained, indicating that both cell types combine regulation by sterols and phospholipids to control proper membrane fluidity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosie Dawaliby
- From the Laboratory for the Structure and Function of Biological Membranes, Center for Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 206/02, Bd du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cataldo Trubbia
- From the Laboratory for the Structure and Function of Biological Membranes, Center for Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 206/02, Bd du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cédric Delporte
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analytical Platform of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Noyon
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analytical Platform of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Marie Ruysschaert
- From the Laboratory for the Structure and Function of Biological Membranes, Center for Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 206/02, Bd du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Van Antwerpen
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analytical Platform of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cédric Govaerts
- From the Laboratory for the Structure and Function of Biological Membranes, Center for Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 206/02, Bd du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
DFT Study of a Novel Organic Film: The Structural versus Magnetic Effects. ADVANCES IN CHEMICAL PHYSICS 2015. [DOI: 10.1155/2015/597584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Unsaturated fatty acids have great interest by their activities as industrial materials in novel applications. In the present work, the cis-3-hexenoic acid (HA) adsorbed on the Ni(111) surface was studied by first-principles calculations using the Vienna Ab Initio Simulation Package (VASP). The most stable location for HA is presented on top site of Ni(111), although the energies are very similar for all the adsorption sites. The surface-molecule interaction takes place between the carboxyl group of HA and surrounding Ni atoms. The adsorption is weak and consequently the metal-molecule length is enhanced. The carboxyl group is elongated and weakened after adsorption giving rise to a shift in stretching frequencies. There are notable changes on the magnetic moments values of Ni surface atoms neighboring to the molecule that mainly induced magnetic moments on O and H atoms. Noticeable charge transfer occurs in 3d 4s, p Ni orbitals and 2s C, 2s p O, 1s H orbitals of carboxyl group. The surface presents positive work function changes after adsorption as a consequence of an electron back-donation. During interaction, the significance of the magnetic effects over the structural effects is evidenced. This sets the stage for a future adsorption process improvement based on the modification of the surface magnetic properties.
Collapse
|
6
|
Structural lipid changes and Na + /K + -ATPase activity of gill cells' basolateral membranes during saltwater acclimation in sea lamprey ( Petromyzon marinus , L.) juveniles. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2015; 189:67-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
7
|
Crockett EL. The cold but not hard fats in ectotherms: consequences of lipid restructuring on susceptibility of biological membranes to peroxidation, a review. J Comp Physiol B 2008; 178:795-809. [PMID: 18506451 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-008-0275-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2007] [Revised: 05/02/2008] [Accepted: 05/07/2008] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The production of reactive oxygen species is a regular feature of life in the presence of oxygen. Some reactive oxygen species possess sufficient energy to initiate lipid peroxidation in biological membranes, self-propagating reactions with the potential to damage membranes by altering their physical properties and ultimately their function. Two of the most prominent patterns of lipid restructuring in membranes of ectotherms involve contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids and ratios of the abundant phospholipids, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. Since polyunsaturated fatty acids and phosphatidylethanolamine are particularly vulnerable to oxidation, it is likely that higher contents of these lipids at low body temperature elevate the inherent susceptibility of membranes to lipid peroxidation. Although membranes from animals living at low body temperatures may be more prone to oxidation, the generation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation are sensitive to temperature. These scenarios raise the possibility that membrane susceptibility to lipid peroxidation is conserved at physiological temperatures. Reduced levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids and phosphatidylethanolamine may protect membranes at warm temperatures from deleterious oxidations when rates of reactive oxygen species production and lipid peroxidation are relatively high. At low temperatures, enhanced susceptibility may ensure sufficient lipid peroxidation for cellular processes that require lipid oxidation products.
Collapse
|
8
|
Shivkamat P, Roy R. Regulation of membrane lipid bilayer structure during salinity adaptation: a study with the gill epithelial cell membranes of Oreochromis niloticus. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2005; 142:28-36. [PMID: 16000254 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2005.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2004] [Revised: 05/10/2005] [Accepted: 05/10/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A significant variation in the membrane fluidity (as assessed by DPH-fluorescence polarisation) and membrane lipid bilayer composition is noticed in the subcellular membranes of the gill epithelial cells of Oreochromis niloticus due to exposure of the fish to 1% saline water for 1 month. Also, a 70% enhanced activity of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase in plasma membranes and a 2.5-fold increase of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in microsomal membranes are recorded in the treated fish. The changed membrane structure and fluidity along with the changed enzymatic activity of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase help the influx the Na(+) rather than the efflux of K(+) through the gill epithelial cells during salinity adaptation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Shivkamat
- Department of Zoology, Goa University, Taleigao, Panaji, Goa.403206, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Farkas T, Kitajka K, Fodor E, Csengeri I, Lahdes E, Yeo YK, Krasznai Z, Halver JE. Docosahexaenoic acid-containing phospholipid molecular species in brains of vertebrates. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000; 97:6362-6. [PMID: 10823917 PMCID: PMC18608 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.120157297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The fatty acid composition of phospholipids and the contents of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-containing diacyl phosphatidylcholine and diacyl phosphatidylethanolamine molecular species were determined from brains of five fresh-water fish species from a boreal region adapted to 5 degrees C, five fresh-water fish species from a temperate region acclimated to 5 degrees C, five fresh-water fish species from a temperate region acclimated to 20 degrees C, and three fresh water fish species from a subtropic region adapted to 25-26 degrees C, as well as six mammalian species and seven bird species. There was little difference in DHA levels of fish brains from the different thermal environments; mammalian and bird brain phospholipids contained a few percentage points less DHA than those of the fish investigated. Molecular species of 22:6/22:6, 22:6/20:5, 22:6/20:4, 16:0/22:6, 18:0/22:6, and 18:1/22:6 were identified from all brain probes, and 16:0/22:6, 18:0/22:6, and 18:1/22:6 were the dominating species. Cold-water fish brains were rich in 18:1/22:6 diacyl phosphatidylethanolamine (and, to a lesser degree, in diacyl phosphatidylcholine), and its level decreased with increasing environmental/body temperature. The ratio of 18:0/22:6 to 16:0/22:6 phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine was inversely related to body temperature. Phospholipid vesicles from brains of cold-acclimated fish were more fluid, as assessed by using a 1, 6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene fluorescent probe, than those from bird brains, but the fluidities were almost equal at the respective body temperatures. It is concluded that the relative amounts of these molecular species and their ratios to each other are the major factors contributing to the maintenance of proper fluidity relationships throughout the evolutionary chain as well as helping to maintain important brain functions such as signal transduction and membrane permeability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Farkas
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-6701 Szeged, Hungary
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tang SJ, Sun KH, Sun GH, Lin G, Lin WW, Chuang MJ. Cold-induced ependymin expression in zebrafish and carp brain: implications for cold acclimation. FEBS Lett 1999; 459:95-9. [PMID: 10508924 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(99)01229-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cold acclimation has been suggested to be mediated by alternations in the gene expression pattern in the cold-adapted fish. To investigate the mechanism of cold acclimation in fish brain at the molecular level, relevant subsets of differentially expressed genes of interest were identified and cloned by the PCR-based subtraction suppression hybridization. Characterization of the selected cold-induced cDNA clones revealed one encoding ependymin. This gene was shown to be brain-specific. The expression of ependymin was induced by a temperature shift from 25 degrees C to 6 degrees C in Cyprinus carpio or 12 degrees C in Danio rerio. Activation of ependymin was detected 2 h after cold exposure and peaked at more than 10-fold at 12 h. This peak level remains unchanged until the temperature returns to 25 degrees C. Although the amount of soluble ependymin protein in brain was not changed by cold treatment, its level in the fibrous insoluble polymers increased 2-fold after exposure to low temperature. These findings indicate that the increase in ependymin expression is an early event that may play an important role in the cold acclimation of fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S J Tang
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|