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Wu J, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Sun X, Zhao Y, Guan Y, Zhang Y, Wang W. PPARγ as an E3 Ubiquitin-Ligase Impedes Phosphate-Stat6 Stability and Promotes Prostaglandins E 2-Mediated Inhibition of IgE Production in Asthma. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1224. [PMID: 32636842 PMCID: PMC7317005 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased serum IgE level is one of the features of allergic asthma. It is reported that IgE production can be enhanced by E-prostanoid 2 (EP2) receptor of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2); however, whether E-prostanoid 4 (EP4) receptor (encoded by Ptger4) has a unique or redundant role is still unclear. Here, we demonstrated the mice with B cell-specific deletion of the EP4 receptor (Ptger4fl/flMb1cre+/−) showed their serum levels of IgE were markedly increased. A much more severe airway allergic inflammation was observed in the absence of EP4 signal using the OVA-induced asthma model. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that the transcription levels of AID, GLTε, and PSTε in EP4-deficient B cells were found to be significantly increased, implying an enhanced IgE class switch. In addition, we saw higher levels of phosphorylated STAT6, a vital factor for IgE class switch. Biochemical analyses indicated that inhibitory effect of EP4 signal on IgE depended on the activation of the PI3K-AKT pathway. Further downstream, PPARγ expression was up-regulated. Independent of its activity as a transcription factor, PPARγ here primarily functioned as an E3 ubiquitin-ligase, which bound the phosphorylated STAT6 to initiate its degradation. In support of PPARγ as a key mediator downstream of the EP4 signal, PPARγ agonist induced the down-regulation of phospho-STAT6, whereas its antagonist was able to rescue the EP4-mediated inhibition of STAT6 activation and IgE production. Thus, our findings highlight a role for the PGE2-EP4-AKT-PPARγ-STAT6 signaling in IgE response, highlighting the therapeutic potential of combined application of EP4 and PPARγ agonists in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowan Sun
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Youfei Guan
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, China.,Institute of Biological Sciences, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, China
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Napimoga MH, Clemente-Napimoga JT, Machabanski NM, Juliani MEA, Acras PHBC, Macedo CG, Abdalla HB, de Pinho AJ, Soares AB, Sperandio M, de Araújo DR. The 15d‑PGJ2 hydrogel ameliorates atopic dermatitis through suppression of the immune response. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:4536-4544. [PMID: 31059034 PMCID: PMC6522822 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study examined the efficacy of the topical 15d-PGJ2-poloxamer 407 hydrogel in an atopic dermatitis (AD) animal model. The 15d-PGJ2 hydrogel was prepared and characterized. The examined rats possessed AD-Like cutaneous lesions, which were induced using 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene, the rats were then treated with a hydrogel vehicle, 15d-PGJ2 hydrogel or tacrolimus for 14 days. The rats were sacrificed and blood samples were collected to quantify the IgE levels. Subsequently, skin biopsies were stained with toluidine blue to identify mast cells and immunohistochemistry was performed for ROR-γt and TNF-α. Histological analyses demonstrated that 15d-PGJ2 hydrogel significantly decreased mast cell infiltration (P<0.05) when compared with the AD-group. Tacrolimus at 0.1% exhibited decreased mast cell infiltration; however, this difference was not statistically significant from the AD-group. Topical 15d-PGJ2 hydrogel and Tacrolimus 0.1% significantly reduced the serum levels of IgE (P<0.05) compared with the AD-group. Immunohistochemistry revealed a significant decrease in ROR-γt and TNF-α positive cell expression (P<0.05) in the 15d-PGJ2 hydrogel group compared with the AD-group. In summary, topical administration of 15d-PGJ2 hydrogel had a beneficial effect on AD symptoms, suggesting that this formulation may be a useful strategy for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo H Napimoga
- Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, São Paulo 13045‑755, Brazil
| | - Juliana T Clemente-Napimoga
- Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, São Paulo 13045‑755, Brazil
| | - Nina M Machabanski
- Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, São Paulo 13045‑755, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda A Juliani
- Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, São Paulo 13045‑755, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique B C Acras
- Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, São Paulo 13045‑755, Brazil
| | - Cristina G Macedo
- Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, São Paulo 13045‑755, Brazil
| | - Henrique B Abdalla
- Laboratory of Orofacial Pain, Department of Physiology, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414‑903, Brazil
| | - Antônio José de Pinho
- Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, São Paulo 13045‑755, Brazil
| | - Andresa B Soares
- Department of Oral Pathology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, São Paulo 13045‑755, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Sperandio
- Department of Oral Pathology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, São Paulo 13045‑755, Brazil
| | - Daniele R de Araújo
- Center of Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo 09210‑580, Brazil
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PPARγ and the Innate Immune System Mediate the Resolution of Inflammation. PPAR Res 2015; 2015:549691. [PMID: 26713087 PMCID: PMC4680113 DOI: 10.1155/2015/549691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 403] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The resolution of inflammation is an active and dynamic process, mediated in large part by the innate immune system. Resolution represents not only an increase in anti-inflammatory actions, but also a paradigm shift in immune cell function to restore homeostasis. PPARγ, a ligand activated transcription factor, has long been studied for its anti-inflammatory actions, but an emerging body of literature is investigating the role of PPARγ and its ligands (including thiazolidinediones, prostaglandins, and oleanolic acids) in all phases of resolution. PPARγ can shift production from pro- to anti-inflammatory mediators by neutrophils, platelets, and macrophages. PPARγ and its ligands further modulate platelet and neutrophil function, decreasing trafficking, promoting neutrophil apoptosis, and preventing platelet-leukocyte interactions. PPARγ alters macrophage trafficking, increases efferocytosis and phagocytosis, and promotes alternative M2 macrophage activation. There are also roles for this receptor in the adaptive immune response, particularly regarding B cells. These effects contribute towards the attenuation of multiple disease states, including COPD, colitis, Alzheimer's disease, and obesity in animal models. Finally, novel specialized proresolving mediators-eicosanoids with critical roles in resolution-may act through PPARγ modulation to promote resolution, providing another exciting area of therapeutic potential for this receptor.
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El-Naa MM, El-Refaei MF, Nasif WA, Abduljawad SH, El-Brairy AI, El-Readi MZ. In-vivo antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of rosiglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) agonists in animal model of bronchial asthma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 67:1421-30. [PMID: 26099551 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) has been shown to play an important role in the control of immunological and inflammatory responses. This study aims at investigating the potential role of rosiglitazone, a strong PPAR-γ agonist in a murine model of bronchial asthma. METHODS Adult male guinea pigs were administered ovalbumin 100 mg/kg subcutaneous (SC) and 100 mg/kg intraperitoneal (IP). Treatment with rosiglitazone [5 mg/kg/day, per oral (PO)] was assessed for 21 days. On day 21, the animals were challenged with the same dose of ovalbumin. The forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1 ) to forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1 /FVC, was measured using a spirometer to diagnosis lung obstruction. Serum levels of interleukin-5 (IL-5) and immunoglobulin E (IgE) were assessed. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase and the level of reduced glutathione (GSH) were determined in lung tissue homogenates. KEY FINDINGS Our results demonstrated that treatment with rosiglitazone resulted in a statistically significant improvement in lung function and histopathological features. Significant decrease in the serum levels of IL-5 and IgE were observed. The activity of SOD and catalase as well as the GSH level were significantly increased in the lung tissues of treated animals compared with untreated asthmatic animals. Serum IgE concentrations and IL-5 levels were directly correlated to each other and inversely correlated to the SOD, GSH and catalase levels in the all studied guinea pigs. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide evidence that the PPAR-γ agonist rosiglitazone may have potential in the development of therapies for bronchial asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona M El-Naa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, 6 October City, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F El-Refaei
- Molecular Biology Department, Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Sadat City University, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Wesam A Nasif
- Molecular Biology Department, Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Sadat City University, Sadat City, Egypt.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suha H Abduljawad
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Family Science, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amany I El-Brairy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, 6 October City, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Z El-Readi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Farnesi-de-Assunção TS, Alves CF, Carregaro V, de Oliveira JR, da Silva CA, Cheraim AB, Cunha FQ, Napimoga MH. PPAR-γ agonists, mainly 15d-PGJ2, reduce eosinophil recruitment following allergen challenge. Cell Immunol 2012; 273:23-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2011.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2011] [Revised: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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6
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Wang W, Zhu Z, Zhu B, Ma Z. Pioglitazone attenuates allergic inflammation and induces production of regulatory T lymphocytes. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2011; 24:454-8. [PMID: 21144225 DOI: 10.2500/ajra.2010.24.3522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) agonists have been shown to be involved in the regulation of allergic inflammatory responses. The molecular mechanisms by which PPAR-gamma activation inhibits the inflammatory process have not been well understood. METHODS BALB/c mice received ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization followed by OVA intranasal challenge. Mice in the treatment group received intragastric administration with pioglitazone (PIO; 30 mg/kg) before each OVA challenge. Various allergic responses were then assessed. RESULTS The frequencies of sneezing and nose-scratching and eosinophil infiltration decreased significantly in the PIO treatment group compared with the OVA group (p < 0.05). The PIO treatment also showed that the levels of nasal cavity lavage fluid interleukin (IL)-5 and sera OVA-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) were markedly reduced (p < 0.05). PIO significantly increased the expression of Foxp3 mRNA (p < 0.05) and induced production of regulatory T lymphocyte (p < 0.01) compared with the OVA group. CONCLUSION Given the potent effectiveness shown by PIO, we conclude that PPAR-gamma agonists deserve investigation as potential therapies for human allergic upper airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, China
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7
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Jeon EJ, Lee SK, Park YS, Kim DH, Yum JH, Park CS. The effects of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ agonist on a murine model of experimental allergic rhinitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2008; 139:124-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.otohns.2008.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2008] [Revised: 03/21/2008] [Accepted: 03/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the effect of rosiglitazone, a synthetic selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ agonist, for cytokine production and PPAR-γ expression in nasal mucosa. Methods Mice in allergic rhinitis group received ovalbumin sensitization followed by ovalbumin intranasal challenge. Mice in the rosiglitazone group received rosiglitazone treatment additionally. Various allergic responses were then assessed. Results The frequency of nasal rubs and ovalbumin-specific immunoglobulin E decreased significantly in the rosiglitazone group compared with the allergic rhinitis group. The rosiglitazone group also showed that inflammation was markedly reduced by rosiglitazone administration. Immunohistochemistry showed that PPAR-γ protein expression in nasal mucosa was enhanced in the allergic rhinitis group and the rosiglitazone group compared with control mice. Conclusion PPAR-γ activation with rosiglitazone effectively inhibited allergic symptom development, nasal mucosal inflammation, and production of ovoalbumin-specific immunoglobulin E and Th2-type cytokine. Our results provide evidence of the therapeutic potential of PPAR-γ agonist for the treatment of allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ju Jeon
- Department of Otolaryngology-HNS, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Kyun Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-HNS, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Soo Park
- Department of Otolaryngology-HNS, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-HNS, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Ho Yum
- Department of Otolaryngology-HNS, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan-Soon Park
- Department of Otolaryngology-HNS, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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8
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Yano S, Umeda D, Yamashita T, Ninomiya Y, Sumida M, Fujimura Y, Yamada K, Tachibana H. Dietary flavones suppresses IgE and Th2 cytokines in OVA-immunized BALB/c mice. Eur J Nutr 2007; 46:257-63. [PMID: 17497073 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-007-0658-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2006] [Accepted: 04/11/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The flavonoids are a diverse family of chemicals commonly found in fruits and vegetables. Previously, we have shown that the two flavones, chrysin and apigenin could suppress the expression of the high affinity IgE receptor FcepsilonRI in human basophilic KU812 cells. We also demonstrated that dietary apigenin decreased IgE level in C57BL/6N mice sera. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the anti-allergic effect of the two flavones in vivo, we evaluated the effect of the two flavones, chrysin and apigenin, on the immune system in BALB/c mice sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA). METHODS Mice were fed experimental diets containing either of the flavones for 3 weeks and immunized with OVA. After the experimental feeding period, measurement of Igs concentration in the mice sera was performed using a sandwich ELISA. Cytokines expression in mice sera was assessed using a cytokine array. Furthermore, cytokines mRNA levels in spleen lymphocytes from mice sensitized with OVA were measured by RT-PCR. RESULTS The total IgE level in mice fed one of the two flavones were suppressed, whereas levels of IgG, IgM, and IgA were not affected. The production of interleukin (IL)-4, which is known as one of Th2 cytokines and regulates the production of IgE, was down-regulated by the chrysin or the apigenin diet. Moreover, OVA-induced mRNA expression of Th2 cytokines in spleen lymphocytes from mice sensitized with OVA, such as IL-4 and IL-13 were down-regulated by the chrysin or the apigenin diet. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the diet containing one of the two flavones might suppress the up-regulation of serum IgE induced by OVA-immunization through the suppression of Th2-type immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Yano
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Division of Applied Biological Chemistry, Dept. of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
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Yano S, Umeda D, Maeda N, Fujimura Y, Yamada K, Tachibana H. Dietary apigenin suppresses IgE and inflammatory cytokines production in C57BL/6N mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2006; 54:5203-7. [PMID: 16819936 DOI: 10.1021/jf0607361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids ubiquitously exist in plants, vegetables, fruits, and teas. We evaluated the effect of dietary apigenin, one of the well-known flavonoids, on the immune system in C57BL/6N mice. Mice were fed experimental diets containing apigenin for 2 weeks. After the experimental period, there was no significant difference in body and organ weights between the control and the apigenin group. The total immunoglobulin (Ig) E levels in mice fed apigenin were significantly suppressed, whereas levels of IgG, IgM, and IgA were not affected. We also examined the effect of the apigenin diet on cytokine expression in mice sera using a cytokine array. The production of regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor I (sTNFRI) in mice sera was down-regulated by the apigenin diet. These results suggest that a diet containing apigenin can reduce serum IgE and inflammatory cytokines such as RANTES and sTNFRI in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Yano
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Division of Applied Biological Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
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10
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Morita Y, Kanei-Ishii C, Nomura T, Ishii S. TRAF7 sequesters c-Myb to the cytoplasm by stimulating its sumoylation. Mol Biol Cell 2005; 16:5433-44. [PMID: 16162816 PMCID: PMC1266438 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e05-08-0731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Small ubiquitin-related modifiers (SUMOs) are proteins that are posttranslationally conjugated to diverse proteins. The c-myb proto-oncogene product (c-Myb) regulates proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells. PIASy is the only known SUMO E3 ligase for c-Myb. Here, we report that TRAF7 binds to c-Myb and stimulates its sumoylation. TRAF7 bound to the DNA-binding domain of c-Myb via its WD40 repeats. TRAF7 has an E3 ubiquitin ligase activity for self-ubiquitination, but TRAF7 also stimulated the sumoylation of c-Myb at Lys-523 and Lys-499, which are the same sites as those used for PIASy-induced sumoylation. TRAF7 inhibited trans-activation induced by wild-type c-Myb, but not by the sumoylation site mutant of c-Myb. The expression of both c-myb and TRAF7 was down-regulated during differentiation of M1 cells. Endogenous TRAF7 localized to both the cytoplasm and nucleus of M1 cells. Consistent with this, significant amounts of sumoylated c-Myb were found in the cytoplasm of M1 cells, whereas nonsumoylated c-Myb was found predominantly in the nucleus. Overexpressed TRAF7 was localized in the cytoplasm of CV-1 cells, and sequestered c-Myb and SUMO1 in the cytosol, whereas PIASy was localized in the nucleus. Thus, TRAF7 negatively regulates c-Myb activity by sequestering c-Myb to the cytosol via sumoylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Morita
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, RIKEN Tsukuba Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
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11
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Ueki S, Matsuwaki Y, Kayaba H, Oyamada H, Kanda A, Usami A, Saito N, Chihara J. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma regulates eosinophil functions: a new therapeutic target for allergic airway inflammation. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2004; 134 Suppl 1:30-6. [PMID: 15166481 DOI: 10.1159/000077790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) is a nuclear receptor that regulates lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis. PPARgamma is not only highly expressed in adipose tissue but also in cells involved in the immune system, and it exerts anti-inflammatory activities. We showed that eosinophils, a major inflammatory cell in allergic inflammation, express PPARgamma. PPARgamma negatively modulates eosinophil functions, such as survival, chemotaxis, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and degranulation. Recently, three independent groups have demonstrated that PPARgamma agonists inhibit airway inflammation in an animal model of asthma. This evidence suggests that PPARgamma agonists may be a new therapeutic modality for the treatment of allergic diseases including asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeharu Ueki
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
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12
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Stulnig TM. Immunomodulation by polyunsaturated fatty acids: mechanisms and effects. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2004; 132:310-21. [PMID: 14707462 DOI: 10.1159/000074898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) modulate immune responses, thereby exerting beneficial effects in a variety of inflammatory disorders. PUFAs of the n-3 series that are found in marine fish oils are particularly effective. A variety of molecular mechanisms have been found to explain how PUFAs could interfere with immune cell function. PUFAs alter eicosanoid (prostaglandin, leukotriene) synthesis, orphan nuclear receptor activation (e.g. peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, liver X receptors) and T lymphocyte signaling by changing the molecular composition of special signaling platforms called lipid rafts. This review discusses these mechanisms in detail with respect to their probable relevance in vivo. In addition, the effects of PUFAs on the immune system in general are summarized, as are clinical effects in rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease and sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Stulnig
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Vienna, and Center of Molecular Medicine, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
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Rühl R, Dahten A, Schweigert FJ, Herz U, Worm M. Inhibition of IgE-Production by Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Ligands. J Invest Dermatol 2003; 121:757-64. [PMID: 14632193 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1747.2003.12493.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study we analyzed the effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha and -gamma ligands on immunoglobulin synthesis and cytokine production in non-allergic and atopic dermatitis donors in vitro, but also in vivo ovalbumin-sensitized mice. A significant inhibition in CD40+ interleukin-4-mediated, but also basal IgE synthesis from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of atopic dermatitis donors was observed in the presence of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha ligand (up to 47+/-12%) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligand (69+/-5%). By contrast, the production of other isotypes such as IgA, IgG, and IgM was only modest inhibited. Analysis of cytokine production from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells shows inhibition of several cytokines by both peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ligands. The most inhibitory effect on cytokine production was observed by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligand in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from atopic dermatitis donors with high IgE baseline production. Coculture experiments show that the decrease of IgE production by ciglitazone was monocyte dependent (up to 63+/-7%). Finally, in vivo experiments from ovalbumin-sensitized mice confirmed the in vitro findings showing that the interleukin-4-mediated immune response was inhibited in ciglitazone-treated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Rühl
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Germany
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14
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Woerly G, Honda K, Loyens M, Papin JP, Auwerx J, Staels B, Capron M, Dombrowicz D. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and gamma down-regulate allergic inflammation and eosinophil activation. J Exp Med 2003; 198:411-21. [PMID: 12900517 PMCID: PMC2194090 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20021384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic asthma is characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, eosinophilia, and mucus accumulation and is associated with increased IgE concentrations. We demonstrate here that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), PPAR-alpha and PPAR-gamma, which have been shown recently to be involved in the regulation of various cell types within the immune system, decrease antigen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness, lung inflammation, eosinophilia, cytokine production, and GATA-3 expression as well as serum levels of antigen-specific IgE in a murine model of human asthma. In addition, we demonstrate that PPAR-alpha and -gamma are expressed in eosinophils and their activation inhibits in vitro chemotaxis and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Thus, PPAR-alpha and -gamma (co)agonists might be of therapeutic interest for the regulation of allergic or inflammatory reactions by targeting both regulatory and effector cells involved in the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetane Woerly
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U547-IFR17, Institut Pasteur de Lille, France
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