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Abdel-Razek O, Marzouk A, MacKinnon M, Guy ET, Pohar SA, Zhushma E, Liu J, Sia I, Gokey JJ, Tay HG, Amack JD. Calcium signaling mediates proliferation of the precursor cells that give rise to the ciliated left-right organizer in the zebrafish embryo. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1292076. [PMID: 38152112 PMCID: PMC10751931 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1292076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Several of our internal organs, including heart, lungs, stomach, and spleen, develop asymmetrically along the left-right (LR) body axis. Errors in establishing LR asymmetry, or laterality, of internal organs during early embryonic development can result in birth defects. In several vertebrates-including humans, mice, frogs, and fish-cilia play a central role in establishing organ laterality. Motile cilia in a transient embryonic structure called the "left-right organizer" (LRO) generate a directional fluid flow that has been proposed to be detected by mechanosensory cilia to trigger asymmetric signaling pathways that orient the LR axis. However, the mechanisms that control the form and function of the ciliated LRO remain poorly understood. In the zebrafish embryo, precursor cells called dorsal forerunner cells (DFCs) develop into a transient ciliated structure called Kupffer's vesicle (KV) that functions as the LRO. DFCs can be visualized and tracked in the embryo, thereby providing an opportunity to investigate mechanisms that control LRO development. Previous work revealed that proliferation of DFCs via mitosis is a critical step for developing a functional KV. Here, we conducted a targeted pharmacological screen to identify mechanisms that control DFC proliferation. Small molecule inhibitors of the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) were found to reduce DFC mitosis. The SERCA pump is involved in regulating intracellular calcium ion (Ca2+) concentration. To visualize Ca2+ in living embryos, we generated transgenic zebrafish using the fluorescent Ca2+ biosensor GCaMP6f. Live imaging identified dynamic cytoplasmic Ca2+ transients ("flux") that occur unambiguously in DFCs. In addition, we report Ca2+ flux events that occur in the nucleus of DFCs. Nuclear Ca2+ flux occurred in DFCs that were about to undergo mitosis. We find that SERCA inhibitor treatments during DFC proliferation stages alters Ca2+ dynamics, reduces the number of ciliated cells in KV, and alters embryo laterality. Mechanistically, SERCA inhibitor treatments eliminated both cytoplasmic and nuclear Ca2+ flux events, and reduced progression of DFCs through the S/G2 phases of the cell cycle. These results identify SERCA-mediated Ca2+ signaling as a mitotic regulator of the precursor cells that give rise to the ciliated LRO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Abdel-Razek
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Amanda Marzouk
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Madison MacKinnon
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Edward T. Guy
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Sonny A. Pohar
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Emily Zhushma
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Junjie Liu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Isabel Sia
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Jason J. Gokey
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Hwee Goon Tay
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Jeffrey D. Amack
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
- BioInspired Syracuse: Institute for Material and Living Systems, Syracuse, NY, United States
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Wang D, Huang F, Yan P, Nie Y, Chen L, Luo J, Zhao H, Wang Y, Han S. Cytosolic and Nucleosolic Calcium-Regulated Molecular Networks in Response to Long-Term Treatment with Abscisic Acid and Methyl Jasmonate in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13030524. [PMID: 35328077 PMCID: PMC8950999 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium acts as a universal secondary messenger that transfers developmental cues and stress signals for gene expression and adaptive growth. A prior study showed that abiotic stresses induce mutually independent cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]cyt) and nucleosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]nuc) increases in Arabidopsis thaliana root cells. However, gene expression networks deciphering [Ca2+]cyt and [Ca2+]nuc signalling pathways remain elusive. Here, using transgenic A. thaliana to selectively impair abscisic acid (ABA)- or methyl jasmonate (MeJA)-induced [Ca2+]cyt and [Ca2+]nuc increases, we identified [Ca2+]cyt- and [Ca2+]nuc-regulated ABA- or MeJA-responsive genes with a genome oligo-array. Gene co-expression network analysis revealed four Ca2+ signal-decoding genes, CAM1, CIPK8, GAD1, and CPN20, as hub genes co-expressed with Ca2+-regulated hormone-responsive genes and hormone signalling genes. Luciferase complementation imaging assays showed interactions among CAM1, CIPK8, and GAD1; they also showed interactions with several proteins encoded by Ca2+-regulated hormone-responsive genes. Furthermore, CAM1 and CIPK8 were required for MeJA-induced stomatal closure; they were associated with ABA-inhibited seed germination. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis showed the unique expression pattern of [Ca2+]-regulated hormone-responsive genes in cam1, cipk8, and gad1. This comprehensive understanding of distinct Ca2+ and hormonal signalling will allow the application of approaches to uncover novel molecular foundations for responses to developmental and stress signals in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doudou Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Feifei Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Pengcheng Yan
- Department of Computational Biology, Beijing Computing Center, Beijing 100094, China;
| | - Yanli Nie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Lvli Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jin Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Heping Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yingdian Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Shengcheng Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
- Correspondence:
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3
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Yang W, Han W, Qin A, Wang Z, Xu J, Qian Y. The emerging role of Hippo signaling pathway in regulating osteoclast formation. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:4606-4617. [PMID: 29219182 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A delicate balance between osteoblastic bone formation and osteoclastic bone resorption is crucial for bone homeostasis. This process is regulated by the Hippo signaling pathway including key regulatory molecules RASSF2, NF2, MST1/2, SAV1, LATS1/2, MOB1, YAP, and TAZ. It is well established that the Hippo signaling pathway plays an important part in regulating osteoblast differentiation, but its role in osteoclast formation and activation remains poorly understood. In this review, we discuss the emerging role of Hippo-signaling pathway in osteoclast formation and bone homeostasis. It is revealed that specific molecules of the Hippo-signaling pathway take part in a stage specific regulation in pre-osteoclast proliferation, osteoclast differentiation and osteoclast apoptosis and survival. Upon activation, MST and LAST, transcriptional co-activators YAP and TAZ bind to the members of the TEA domain (TEAD) family transcription factors, and influence osteoclast differentiation via regulating the expression of downstream target genes such as connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2) and cysteine-rich protein 61 (CYR61/CCN1). In addition, through interacting or cross talking with RANKL-mediated signaling cascades including NF-κB, MAPKs, AP1, and NFATc1, Hippo-signaling molecules such as YAP/TAZ/TEAD complex, RASSF2, MST2, and Ajuba could also potentially modulate osteoclast differentiation and function. Elucidating the roles of the Hippo-signaling pathway in osteoclast development and specific molecules involved is important for understanding the mechanism of bone homeostasis and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanlei Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University), Shaoxing, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Weiqi Han
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University), Shaoxing, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - An Qin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Yu Qian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University), Shaoxing, Zhejiang, P. R. China
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Stancill JS, Cartailler JP, Clayton HW, O'Connor JT, Dickerson MT, Dadi PK, Osipovich AB, Jacobson DA, Magnuson MA. Chronic β-Cell Depolarization Impairs β-Cell Identity by Disrupting a Network of Ca 2+-Regulated Genes. Diabetes 2017; 66:2175-2187. [PMID: 28550109 PMCID: PMC5521870 DOI: 10.2337/db16-1355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We used mice lacking Abcc8, a key component of the β-cell KATP-channel, to analyze the effects of a sustained elevation in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) on β-cell identity and gene expression. Lineage tracing analysis revealed the conversion of β-cells lacking Abcc8 into pancreatic polypeptide cells but not to α- or δ-cells. RNA-sequencing analysis of FACS-purified Abcc8-/- β-cells confirmed an increase in Ppy gene expression and revealed altered expression of more than 4,200 genes, many of which are involved in Ca2+ signaling, the maintenance of β-cell identity, and cell adhesion. The expression of S100a6 and S100a4, two highly upregulated genes, is closely correlated with membrane depolarization, suggesting their use as markers for an increase in [Ca2+]i Moreover, a bioinformatics analysis predicts that many of the dysregulated genes are regulated by common transcription factors, one of which, Ascl1, was confirmed to be directly controlled by Ca2+ influx in β-cells. Interestingly, among the upregulated genes is Aldh1a3, a putative marker of β-cell dedifferentiation, and other genes associated with β-cell failure. Taken together, our results suggest that chronically elevated β-cell [Ca2+]i in Abcc8-/- islets contributes to the alteration of β-cell identity, islet cell numbers and morphology, and gene expression by disrupting a network of Ca2+-regulated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer S Stancill
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | | | - Hannah W Clayton
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - James T O'Connor
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Matthew T Dickerson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Prasanna K Dadi
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Anna B Osipovich
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - David A Jacobson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Mark A Magnuson
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
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5
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Guimarães E, Machado R, Fonseca MDC, França A, Carvalho C, Araújo e Silva AC, Almeida B, Cassini P, Hissa B, Drumond L, Gonçalves C, Fernandes G, De Brot M, Moraes M, Barcelos L, Ortega JM, Oliveira A, Leite MF. Inositol 1, 4, 5-trisphosphate-dependent nuclear calcium signals regulate angiogenesis and cell motility in triple negative breast cancer. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175041. [PMID: 28376104 PMCID: PMC5380351 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Increases in nuclear calcium concentration generate specific biological outcomes that differ from those resulting from increased cytoplasmic calcium. Nuclear calcium effects on tumor cell proliferation are widely appreciated; nevertheless, its involvement in other steps of tumor progression is not well understood. Therefore, we evaluated whether nuclear calcium is essential in other additional stages of tumor progression, including key steps associated with the formation of the primary tumor or with the metastatic cascade. We found that nuclear calcium buffering impaired 4T1 triple negative breast cancer growth not just by decreasing tumor cell proliferation, but also by enhancing tumor necrosis. Moreover, nuclear calcium regulates tumor angiogenesis through a mechanism that involves the upregulation of the anti-angiogenic C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10-IP10). In addition, nuclear calcium buffering regulates breast tumor cell motility, culminating in less cell invasion, likely due to enhanced vinculin expression, a focal adhesion structural protein. Together, our results show that nuclear calcium is essential for triple breast cancer angiogenesis and cell migration and can be considered as a promising strategic target for triple negative breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Guimarães
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Machado
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Matheus de Castro Fonseca
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Brazilian National Laboratory for Biosciences, Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Andressa França
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Clarissa Carvalho
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Brígida Almeida
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Puebla Cassini
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Hissa
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luciana Drumond
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Carlos Gonçalves
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Fernandes
- Genomics Sciences and Biotechnology of Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Marina De Brot
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Márcio Moraes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lucíola Barcelos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - José Miguel Ortega
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - André Oliveira
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - M. Fátima Leite
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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6
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Zhang Y, Storey KB. Regulation of gene expression by NFAT transcription factors in hibernating ground squirrels is dependent on the cellular environment. Cell Stress Chaperones 2016; 21:883-94. [PMID: 27344571 PMCID: PMC5003805 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-016-0713-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcineurin is a calmodulin-stimulated phosphatase that regulates the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor of activated T cell (NFAT) c1-4 through dephosphorylation. We believe that this mechanism plays various roles in the remodeling and maintenance of Ictidomys tridecemlineatus skeletal muscle. During hibernation, bouts of torpor and arousal take place, and squirrels do not lose muscle mass despite being inactive. Protein expression of Ca(2+) signaling proteins were studied using immunoblotting. A DNA-protein interaction ELISA technique was created to test the binding of NFATs in the nucleus to DNA probes containing the NFAT response element under environmental conditions reflective of those during hibernation. Calcineurin protein levels increased by 3.08-fold during torpor (compared to euthermic control), whereas calpain1 levels also rose by 3.66-fold during torpor. Calmodulin levels were elevated upon entering torpor. NFATc4 binding to DNA showed a 1.4-fold increase during torpor, and we found that this binding was further enhanced when 600 nM of Ca(2+) was supplemented. We also found that decreasing the temperature of ELISAs resulted in progressive decreases in the binding of NFATs c1, c3, and c4 to DNA. In summary, calmodulin and calpain1 appear to activate calcineurin and NFATc4 during torpor. NFAT binding to target promoters is affected by intranuclear [Ca(2+)] and environmental temperatures. Therefore, Ca(2+) signaling and temperature changes play key roles in regulation of the NFAT-calcineurin pathway in skeletal muscle of hibernating 13-lined ground squirrels over the torpor-arousal cycle, and they may contribute to the avoidance of disuse-induced muscle atrophy that occurs naturally in these animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichi Zhang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Kenneth B Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry and Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada.
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Oliveira AG, Guimarães ES, Andrade LM, Menezes GB, Fatima Leite M. Decoding calcium signaling across the nucleus. Physiology (Bethesda) 2015; 29:361-8. [PMID: 25180265 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00056.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca(2+)) is an important multifaceted second messenger that regulates a wide range of cellular events. A Ca(2+)-signaling toolkit has been shown to exist in the nucleus and to be capable of generating and modulating nucleoplasmic Ca(2+) transients. Within the nucleus, Ca(2+) controls cellular events that are different from those modulated by cytosolic Ca(2+). This review focuses on nuclear Ca(2+) signals and their role in regulating physiological and pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- André G Oliveira
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Erika S Guimarães
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; and
| | - Lídia M Andrade
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gustavo B Menezes
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - M Fatima Leite
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil;
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8
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Qiao C, Jiang Y, Deng C, Huang Z, Teng K, Chen L, Liu X. Characterization of the transcriptional activation domains of human TEF3-1 (transcription enhancer factor 3 isoform 1). Arch Biochem Biophys 2015; 569:54-61. [PMID: 25687649 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
TEF3-1 (transcription enhancer factor 3 isoform 1) is a human transcriptional factor, which has a N-terminal TEA/ATTS domain supposedly for DNA binding and C-terminal PRD and STY domains for transcriptional activation. Taking advantage of the efficient reporter design of yeast two-hybrid system, we characterized the TEF3-1 domains in activating gene expression. Previously study usually mentioned that the C-terminal domain of TEF3-1 has the transcriptional activity, however, our data shows that the peptides TEF3-11-66 and TEF3-1197-434 functioned as two independent activation domains, suggesting that N-terminal domain of TEF3-1 also has transcriptional activation capacity. Additionally, more deletions of amino acids 197-434 showed that only the peptides TEF3-1197-265 contained the minimum sequences for the C-terminal transcriptional activation domain. The protein structure is predicted to contain a helix-turn-helix structure in TEF3-11-66 and four β sheets in TEF3-1197-265. Finally, after the truncated fragments of TEF3-1 were expressed in HUVEC cells, the whole TEF3-1 and the two activation domains could increase F-actin stress fiber, cell proliferation, migration and targeted gene expression. Further analysis and characterization of the activation domains in TEF3-1 may broaden our understanding of the gene involved in angiogenesis and other pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yajie Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Cuilan Deng
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zebo Huang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Kaixuan Teng
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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9
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Resende RR, Andrade LM, Oliveira AG, Guimarães ES, Guatimosim S, Leite MF. Nucleoplasmic calcium signaling and cell proliferation: calcium signaling in the nucleus. Cell Commun Signal 2013; 11:14. [PMID: 23433362 PMCID: PMC3599436 DOI: 10.1186/1478-811x-11-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) is an essential signal transduction element involved in the regulation of several cellular activities and it is required at various key stages of the cell cycle. Intracellular Ca2+ is crucial for the orderly cell cycle progression and plays a vital role in the regulation of cell proliferation. Recently, it was demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo studies that nucleoplasmic Ca2+ regulates cell growth. Even though the mechanism by which nuclear Ca2+ regulates cell proliferation is not completely understood, there are reports demonstrating that activation of tyrosine kinase receptors (RTKs) leads to translocation of RTKs to the nucleus to generate localized nuclear Ca2+ signaling which are believed to modulate cell proliferation. Moreover, nuclear Ca2+ regulates the expression of genes involved in cell growth. This review will describe the nuclear Ca2+ signaling machinery and its role in cell proliferation. Additionally, the potential role of nuclear Ca2+ as a target in cancer therapy will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo R Resende
- Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Galva C, Artigas P, Gatto C. Nuclear Na+/K+-ATPase plays an active role in nucleoplasmic Ca2+ homeostasis. J Cell Sci 2012; 125:6137-47. [PMID: 23077175 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.114959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase, an integral membrane protein, has been studied for over a half century with respect to its transporter function in the plasma membrane, where it expels three Na(+) ions from the cell in exchange for two K(+) ions. In this study, we demonstrate a functioning Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase within HEK293 cell nuclei. This subcellular localization was confirmed by western blotting, ouabain-sensitive ATPase activity of the nuclear membrane fraction, immunocytochemistry and delivery of fluorescently tagged Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase α- and β-subunits. In addition, we observed an overlap between nuclear Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase and Na/Ca-exchanger (NCX) when nuclei were immunostained with commercially available Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase and NCX antibodies, suggesting a concerted physiological coupling between these transporters. In keeping with this, we observed an ATP-dependent, strophanthidin-sensitive Na(+) flux into the nuclear envelope (NE) lumen loaded with the Na-sensitive dye, CoroNa-Green. Analogous experiments using Fluo-5N, a low affinity Ca(2+) indicator, demonstrated a similar ATP-dependent and strophanthidin-sensitive Ca(2+) flux into the NE lumen. Our results reveal an intracellular physiological role for the coordinated efforts of the Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase and NCX to actively remove Ca(2+) from the nucleoplasm into the NE lumen (i.e. the nucleoplasmic reticulum).
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Affiliation(s)
- Charitha Galva
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790-4120, USA
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Nuclear inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate is a necessary and conserved signal for the induction of both pathological and physiological cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2012; 53:475-86. [PMID: 22766271 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2012.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Revised: 06/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) dependent Ca(2+) signaling plays a crucial role in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. However, it is not yet known whether nuclear IP3 represents a Ca(2+) mobilizing pathway involved in this process. The goal of the current work was to investigate the specific role of nuclear IP3 in cardiomyocyte hypertrophic response. In this work, we used an adenovirus construct that selectively buffers IP3 in the nuclear region of neonatal cardiomyocytes. We showed for the first time that nuclear IP3 mediates endothelin-1 (ET-1) induced hypertrophy. We also found that both calcineurin (Cn)/nuclear factor of activated T Cells (NFAT) and histone deacetylase-5 (HDAC5) pathways require nuclear IP3 to mediate pathological cardiomyocyte growth. Additionally, we found that nuclear IP3 buffering inhibited insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) induced hypertrophy and prevented reexpression of fetal gene program. Together, these results demonstrated that nuclear IP3 is an essential and a conserved signal for both pathological and physiological forms of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
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Nucleoplasmic calcium regulates cell proliferation through legumain. J Hepatol 2011; 55:626-635. [PMID: 21237226 PMCID: PMC3158841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2010.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Revised: 12/09/2010] [Accepted: 12/11/2010] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Nucleoplasmic Ca(2+) regulates cell growth in the liver, but the proteins through which this occurs are unknown. METHODS We used Rapid Subtraction Hybridization (RaSH) to subtract genes in SKHep1 liver cells expressing the Ca(2+) buffer protein parvalbumin (PV) targeted to the nucleus, from genes in cells expressing a mutated form of nuclear-targeted PV which has one of two Ca(2+)-binding sites inactivated. The subtraction permitted the selection of genes whose expression was affected by a small alteration in nuclear Ca(2+) concentration. RESULTS The asparaginyl endopeptidase legumain (LGMN) was identified in this screening. When Ca(2+) was buffered in the nucleus of SKHep1 cells, LGMN mRNA was decreased by 97%, in part by a transcriptional mechanism, and decreased expression at the protein level was observed by immunoblot and immunofluorescence. Treatment with hepatocyte growth factor increased LGMN expression. Knockdown of LGMN by siRNA decreased proliferation of SKHep1 cells by ∼50% as measured both by BrdU uptake and mitotic index, although an inhibitor of LGMN activity did not affect BrdU incorporation. A significant reduction in the fraction of cells in G2/M phase was seen as well. This was associated with increases in the expression of cyclins A and E. Furthermore, LGMN expression was increased in hepatocellular carcinoma cells relative to normal hepatocytes in the same specimens. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest a new role for LGMN and provide evidence that nuclear Ca(2+) signals regulate cell proliferation in part through the modulation of LGMN expression. Increased expression of LGMN may be involved in liver carcinogenesis.
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Cruz LN, Guerra MT, Kruglov E, Mennone A, Garcia CRS, Chen J, Nathanson MH. Regulation of multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 by calcium signaling in mouse liver. Hepatology 2010; 52:327-37. [PMID: 20578149 PMCID: PMC3025771 DOI: 10.1002/hep.23625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Multidrug resistance associated protein 2 (Mrp2) is a canalicular transporter responsible for organic anion secretion into bile. Mrp2 activity is regulated by insertion into the plasma membrane; however, the factors that control this are not understood. Calcium (Ca(2+)) signaling regulates exocytosis of vesicles in most cell types, and the type II inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor (InsP(3)R2) regulates Ca(2+) release in the canalicular region of hepatocytes. However, the role of InsP(3)R2 and of Ca(2+) signals in canalicular insertion and function of Mrp2 is not known. The aim of this study was to determine the role of InsP(3)R2-mediated Ca(2+) signals in targeting Mrp2 to the canalicular membrane. Livers, isolated hepatocytes, and hepatocytes in collagen sandwich culture from wild-type (WT) and InsP(3)R2 knockout (KO) mice were used for western blots, confocal immunofluorescence, and time-lapse imaging of Ca(2+) signals and of secretion of a fluorescent organic anion. Plasma membrane insertion of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-Mrp2 expressed in HepG2 cells was monitored by total internal reflection microscopy. InsP(3)R2 was concentrated in the canalicular region of WT mice but absent in InsP(3)R2 KO livers, whereas expression and localization of InsP(3)R1 was preserved, and InsP(3)R3 was absent from both WT and KO livers. Ca(2+) signals induced by either adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or vasopressin were impaired in hepatocytes lacking InsP(3)R2. Canalicular secretion of the organic anion 5-chloromethylfluorescein diacetate (CMFDA) was reduced in KO hepatocytes, as well as in WT hepatocytes treated with 1,2-bis(o-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (BAPTA). Moreover, the choleretic effect of tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) was impaired in InsP(3)R2 KO mice. Finally, ATP increased GFP-Mrp2 fluorescence in the plasma membrane of HepG2 cells, and this also was reduced by BAPTA. CONCLUSION InsP(3)R2-mediated Ca(2+) signals enhance organic anion secretion into bile by targeting Mrp2 to the canalicular membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura N. Cruz
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT,Department of Parasitology, University of Saão Paulo, Saão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mateus T. Guerra
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Emma Kruglov
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Albert Mennone
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Ju Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA
| | - Michael H. Nathanson
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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Nishioka N, Inoue KI, Adachi K, Kiyonari H, Ota M, Ralston A, Yabuta N, Hirahara S, Stephenson RO, Ogonuki N, Makita R, Kurihara H, Morin-Kensicki EM, Nojima H, Rossant J, Nakao K, Niwa H, Sasaki H. The Hippo Signaling Pathway Components Lats and Yap Pattern Tead4 Activity to Distinguish Mouse Trophectoderm from Inner Cell Mass. Dev Cell 2009; 16:398-410. [DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2009.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 602] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2008] [Revised: 11/28/2008] [Accepted: 02/06/2009] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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15
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Díaz-Muñoz M, de la Rosa Santander P, Juárez-Espinosa AB, Arellano RO, Morales-Tlalpan V. Granulosa cells express three inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor isoforms: cytoplasmic and nuclear Ca2+ mobilization. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2008; 6:60. [PMID: 19068129 PMCID: PMC2631483 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-6-60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2008] [Accepted: 12/09/2008] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Granulosa cells play an important endocrine role in folliculogenesis. They mobilize Ca2+ from intracellular stores by a coordinated action between 1,4,5 inositol trisphosphate and ryanodine receptors (IP3R and RyR). The aim of this study was to explore the isoforms of IP3Rs expressed in mouse C57BL/6 NHsd granulosa cells, characterizing their intranuclear localization and the relation with other Ca2+-handling proteins. METHODS Ovarian tissue and granulosa cells were analyzed by multiphotonic and confocal microscopy to determine the intracellular presence of IP3R types 1, 2 and 3, RyR, thapsigargin-sensitive Ca2+-ATPase, and endomembranes. Cellular fractionation and Western blot assays were also used to further confirm the nuclear occurrence of the three IP3R isoforms. Free nuclear and cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations were measured using Fluo-4 AM by confocal microscopy. RESULTS By using antibodies and specific fluorophores, was shown that granulosa cells endomembranes contain three isoforms of IP3R, the RyR, and the thapsigargin-sensitive Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA). Interestingly, all these proteins were also detected in the nuclear envelope and in well-defined intranuclear structures. Microsomal membranes depicted characteristic bands of the 3 types of IP3R, but also variants of lower molecular weight. Analysis of nuclear membranes and nucleoplasmic fraction confirmed the nuclear localization of the IP3R types 1, 2 and 3. We demonstrated ATP-induced Ca2+ transients in the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments. Remarkably, the inhibitory effect on ATP-induced Ca2+ mobilization of brefeldin A was more accentuated in the cytoplasm than in the nucleus. CONCLUSION These findings provide evidence that granulosa cells, including nuclei, express the Ca2+-handling proteins that allow Ca2+ mobilization. All three IP3R were also detected in ovarian slices, including the nuclei of granulosa cells, suggesting that these cells use the three IP3R in situ to achieve their physiological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Díaz-Muñoz
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, QRO., México
| | - Patricia de la Rosa Santander
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, QRO., México
| | - Anna Berenice Juárez-Espinosa
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, QRO., México
| | - Rogelio O Arellano
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, QRO., México
| | - Verónica Morales-Tlalpan
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, QRO., México
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Rodrigues MA, Gomes DA, Nathanson MH, Leite MF. Nuclear calcium signaling: a cell within a cell. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 42:17-20. [PMID: 18982194 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2008005000050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2008] [Accepted: 09/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) is a versatile second messenger that regulates a wide range of cellular functions. Although it is not established how a single second messenger coordinates diverse effects within a cell, there is increasing evidence that the spatial patterns of Ca2+ signals may determine their specificity. Ca2+ signaling patterns can vary in different regions of the cell and Ca2+ signals in nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments have been reported to occur independently. No general paradigm has been established yet to explain whether, how, or when Ca2+ signals are initiated within the nucleus or their function. Here we highlight that receptor tyrosine kinases rapidly translocate to the nucleus. Ca2+ signals that are induced by growth factors result from phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate hydrolysis and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate formation within the nucleus rather than within the cytoplasm. This novel signaling mechanism may be responsible for growth factor effects on cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Rodrigues
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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Rodrigues MA, Gomes DA, Andrade VA, Leite MF, Nathanson MH. Insulin induces calcium signals in the nucleus of rat hepatocytes. Hepatology 2008; 48:1621-31. [PMID: 18798337 PMCID: PMC2825885 DOI: 10.1002/hep.22424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Insulin is an hepatic mitogen that promotes liver regeneration. Actions of insulin are mediated by the insulin receptor, which is a receptor tyrosine kinase. It is currently thought that signaling via the insulin receptor occurs at the plasma membrane, where it binds to insulin. Here we report that insulin induces calcium oscillations in isolated rat hepatocytes, and that these calcium signals depend upon activation of phospholipase C and the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor, but not upon extracellular calcium. Furthermore, insulin-induced calcium signals occur in the nucleus, and are temporally associated with selective depletion of nuclear phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate and translocation of the insulin receptor to the nucleus. These findings suggest that the insulin receptor translocates to the nucleus to initiate nuclear, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-mediated calcium signals in rat hepatocytes. This novel signaling mechanism may be responsible for insulin's effects on liver growth and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele A Rodrigues
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8019, USA
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18
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Guatimosim S, Amaya MJ, Guerra MT, Aguiar CJ, Goes AM, Gómez-Viquez NL, Rodrigues MA, Gomes DA, Martins-Cruz J, Lederer WJ, Leite MF. Nuclear Ca2+ regulates cardiomyocyte function. Cell Calcium 2008; 44:230-42. [PMID: 18201761 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2007.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2007] [Revised: 10/30/2007] [Accepted: 11/30/2007] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In the heart, cytosolic Ca(2+) signals are well-characterized events that participate in the activation of cell contraction. In contrast, nuclear Ca(2+) contribution to cardiomyocyte function remains elusive. Here, we examined functional consequences of buffering nuclear Ca(2+) in neonatal cardiomyocytes. We report that cardiomyocytes contain a nucleoplasmic reticulum, which expresses both ryanodine receptor (RyR) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (InsP(3)R), providing a possible way for active regulation of nuclear Ca(2+). Adenovirus constructs encoding the Ca(2+) buffer protein parvalbumin were targeted to the nucleus with a nuclear localization signal (Ad-PV-NLS) or to the cytoplasm with a nuclear exclusion signal (Ad-PV-NES). A decrease in the amplitude of global Ca(2+) transients and RyR-II expression, as well as an increase in cell beating rate were observed in Ad-PV-NES and Ad-PV-NLS cells. When nuclear Ca(2+) buffering was imposed nuclear enlargement, increased calcineurin expression, NFAT translocation to the nucleus and subcellular redistribution of atrial natriuretic peptide were observed. Furthermore, prolongation of action potential duration occurred in adult ventricular myocytes. These results suggest that nuclear Ca(2+) levels underlie the regulation of specific protein targets and thereby modulate cardiomyocyte function. The local nuclear Ca(2+) signaling and the structures that control it constitute a novel regulatory motif in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Guatimosim
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte CEP: 31270-901, Brazil
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19
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Abstract
Cytosolic Ca(2+) is a versatile secondary messenger that regulates a wide range of cellular activities. In the past decade, evidence has accumulated that free Ca(2+) within the nucleus also plays an important messenger function. Here we review the mechanisms and effects of Ca(2+) signals within the nucleus. In particular, evidence is reviewed that the nucleus contains the machinery necessary for production of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and for inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor-mediated Ca(2+) release. The role of Ca(2+) signals within the nucleus is discussed including regulation of such critical cell functions as gene expression, activation of kinases, and permeability of nuclear pores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawidson A Gomes
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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20
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Sawada A, Nishizaki Y, Sato H, Yada Y, Nakayama R, Yamamoto S, Nishioka N, Kondoh H, Sasaki H. Tead proteins activate the Foxa2 enhancer in the node in cooperation with a second factor. Development 2005; 132:4719-29. [PMID: 16207754 DOI: 10.1242/dev.02059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The cell population and the activity of the organizer change during the course of development. We addressed the mechanism of mouse node development via an analysis of the node/notochord enhancer (NE) of Foxa2. We first identified the core element (CE) of the enhancer, which in multimeric form drives gene expression in the node. The CE was activated in Wnt/β-catenin-treated P19 cells with a time lag, and this activation was dependent on two separate sequence motifs within the CE. These same motifs were also required for enhancer activity in transgenic embryos. We identified the Tead family of transcription factors as binding proteins for the 3′motif. Teads and their co-factor YAP65 activated the CE in P19 cells, and binding of Tead to CE was essential for enhancer activity. Inhibition of Tead activity by repressor-modified Tead compromised NE enhancer activation and notochord development in transgenic mouse embryos. Furthermore, manipulation of Tead activity in zebrafish embryos led to altered expression of foxa2 in the embryonic shield. These results suggest that Tead activates the Foxa2 enhancer core element in the mouse node in cooperation with a second factor that binds to the 5′ element, and that a similar mechanism also operates in the zebrafish shield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Sawada
- Laboratory for Embryonic Induction, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
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21
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Mendes CCP, Gomes DA, Thompson M, Souto NC, Goes TS, Goes AM, Rodrigues MA, Gomez MV, Nathanson MH, Leite MF. The type III inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor preferentially transmits apoptotic Ca2+ signals into mitochondria. J Biol Chem 2005; 280:40892-900. [PMID: 16192275 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m506623200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
There are three isoforms of the inositol 1,4,5- trisphosphate receptor (InsP(3)R), each of which has a distinct effect on Ca(2+) signaling. However, it is not known whether each isoform similarly plays a distinct role in the activation of Ca(2+)-mediated events. To investigate this question, we examined the effects of each InsP(3)R isoform on transmission of Ca(2+) signals to mitochondria and induction of apoptosis. Each isoform was selectively silenced using isoform-specific small interfering RNA in Chinese hamster ovary cells, which express all three InsP(3)R isoforms. ATP-induced cytosolic Ca(2+) signaling patterns were altered, regardless of which isoform was silenced, but in a different fashion depending on the isoform. ATP also induced Ca(2+) signals in mitochondria, which were inhibited more effectively by silencing the type III InsP(3)R than by silencing either the type I or type II isoform. The type III isoform also co-localized most strongly with mitochondria. When apoptosis was induced by activation of either the extrinsic or intrinsic apoptotic pathway, induction was reduced most effectively by silencing the type III InsP(3)R. These findings provide evidence that the type III isoform of the InsP(3)R plays a special role in induction of apoptosis by preferentially transmitting Ca(2+) signals into mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina C P Mendes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
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22
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Lui PPY, Chan FL, Suen YK, Kwok TT, Kong SK. The nucleus of HeLa cells contains tubular structures for Ca2+ signaling with the involvement of mitochondria. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2003; 308:826-33. [PMID: 12927793 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(03)01469-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Calcium is an important messenger that controls many nuclear functions such as gene expression in mammalian cells but the regulation of nuclear Ca(2+) remains unclear. It has long been thought that Ca(2+) is translocated from the cytosol by a long distance to the nucleus through the nuclear pore complexes to activate or suppress gene transcription. However, this model is at best an incomplete one. With an aid of confocal and transmission electron microscopy, we demonstrated here that tubules, in a vertical or horizontal orientation, extended deep inside the nucleus of HeLa cells. These nuclear tubules (NTs) are double-membraned invaginations of the nuclear envelope and are usually associated with nucleolus. Also, membrane bound vesicles are found inside and inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate (IP(3)) receptors are enriched in some but not all of these tubular structures. Interestingly, shuttling of mitochondria was observed in the NT and cytoplasm of the HeLa cells loaded with dihydro-rhod-2/AM. After stimulation with histamine that increases cytosolic [Ca(2+)] through IP(3) production, a slow rise of dihydro-rhod-2 fluorescence for the measurement of intra-mitochondrial Ca(2+) was observed in the area of NT indicating that Ca(2+) was sequestered by mitochondria inside the tubular invagination. Our work therefore suggests that the NTs and mitochondrial activities represent a specialized compartment and dynamic process involved in the regulation of Ca(2+) inside the cell nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline P Y Lui
- Department of Biochemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
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