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Aguilar AA, Ho MC, Chang E, Carlson KW, Natarajan A, Marciano T, Bomzon Z, Patel CB. Permeabilizing Cell Membranes with Electric Fields. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2283. [PMID: 34068775 PMCID: PMC8126200 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological impact of exogenous, alternating electric fields (AEFs) and direct-current electric fields has a long history of study, ranging from effects on embryonic development to influences on wound healing. In this article, we focus on the application of electric fields for the treatment of cancers. In particular, we outline the clinical impact of tumor treating fields (TTFields), a form of AEFs, on the treatment of cancers such as glioblastoma and mesothelioma. We provide an overview of the standard mechanism of action of TTFields, namely, the capability for AEFs (e.g., TTFields) to disrupt the formation and segregation of the mitotic spindle in actively dividing cells. Though this standard mechanism explains a large part of TTFields' action, it is by no means complete. The standard theory does not account for exogenously applied AEFs' influence directly upon DNA nor upon their capacity to alter the functionality and permeability of cancer cell membranes. This review summarizes the current literature to provide a more comprehensive understanding of AEFs' actions on cell membranes. It gives an overview of three mechanistic models that may explain the more recent observations into AEFs' effects: the voltage-gated ion channel, bioelectrorheological, and electroporation models. Inconsistencies were noted in both effective frequency range and field strength between TTFields versus all three proposed models. We addressed these discrepancies through theoretical investigations into the inhomogeneities of electric fields on cellular membranes as a function of disease state, external microenvironment, and tissue or cellular organization. Lastly, future experimental strategies to validate these findings are outlined. Clinical benefits are inevitably forthcoming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alondra A. Aguilar
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (A.A.A.); (M.C.H.); (E.C.); (A.N.)
| | - Michelle C. Ho
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (A.A.A.); (M.C.H.); (E.C.); (A.N.)
| | - Edwin Chang
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (A.A.A.); (M.C.H.); (E.C.); (A.N.)
| | - Kristen W. Carlson
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
| | - Arutselvan Natarajan
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (A.A.A.); (M.C.H.); (E.C.); (A.N.)
| | - Tal Marciano
- Novocure, Ltd., 31905 Haifa, Israel; (T.M.); (Z.B.)
| | - Ze’ev Bomzon
- Novocure, Ltd., 31905 Haifa, Israel; (T.M.); (Z.B.)
| | - Chirag B. Patel
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (A.A.A.); (M.C.H.); (E.C.); (A.N.)
- Department of Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Division of Neuro-Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Makimoto A, Nishikawa R, Terashima K, Kurihara J, Fujisaki H, Ihara S, Morikawa Y, Yuza Y. Tumor-Treating Fields Therapy for Pediatric Brain Tumors. Neurol Int 2021; 13:151-165. [PMID: 33917660 PMCID: PMC8167650 DOI: 10.3390/neurolint13020015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-treating fields (TTFields) are alternating electric fields applied continuously to the brain by attaching two-pair arrays on the scalp. Although TTFields therapy has demonstrated efficacy against supratentorial glioblastoma (GBM) in adults, its safety and efficacy in children have not been confirmed. Despite differences in the genetic etiology of the adult and pediatric forms of GBM, both have certain clinical behaviors in common, allowing us to test TTFields therapy in pediatric GBM. Recently, several, pediatric case-series using TTFields therapy have been published, and a few, prospective, pediatric studies are ongoing. Because GBMs are extremely rare in pediatric patients, where they comprise a wide variety of genetic subtypes, these pediatric studies are feasibility studies targeting various types of malignant brain tumor. Although they are important for confirming the safety and feasibility of TTFields therapy in the pediatric population, confirming its efficacy against each type of pediatric brain tumor, including the GBM, is difficult. Our clinical research team, therefore, planned an investigator-initiated clinical trial targeting pediatric supratentorial GBMs (as in adults) with the aim of expanding regulatory approval of TTFields therapy for pediatric GBM treatment based on safety and exploratory efficacy data in combination with the accumulated evidence on adult GBMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Makimoto
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children’s Medical Center, 2-8-29, Musashidai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8561, Japan;
- Clinical Research Support Center, Tokyo Metropolitan Children’s Medical Center, 2-8-29, Musashidai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8561, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-42-300-5111 (ext. 5177)
| | - Ryo Nishikawa
- Department of Neuro-Oncology/Neurosurgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, 1397-1, Yamane, Hidaka, Saitama 350-1298, Japan;
| | - Keita Terashima
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan;
| | - Jun Kurihara
- Department of Neurosurgery, Saitama Children’s Medical Center, 1-2, Shin-toshin, Chuo-ku, Saitama 330-8777, Japan;
| | - Hiroyuki Fujisaki
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Osaka City General Hospital, 2-13-22, Miyakojima-hondori, Miyakojima-ku, Osaka 534-0021, Japan;
| | - Satoshi Ihara
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Children’s Medical Center, 2-8-29, Musashidai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8561, Japan;
| | - Yoshihiko Morikawa
- Clinical Research Support Center, Tokyo Metropolitan Children’s Medical Center, 2-8-29, Musashidai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8561, Japan;
| | - Yuki Yuza
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children’s Medical Center, 2-8-29, Musashidai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8561, Japan;
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Deweyert A, Iredale E, Xu H, Wong E, Schmid S, Hebb MO. Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma cells are vulnerable to low intensity electric fields delivered by intratumoral modulation therapy. J Neurooncol 2019; 143:49-56. [PMID: 30852713 PMCID: PMC6482295 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-019-03145-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a high fatality pediatric brain cancer without effective treatment. The field of electrotherapeutics offers new potential for other forms of glioma but the efficacy of this strategy has not been reported for DIPG. This pilot study evaluated the susceptibility of patient-derived DIPG cells to low intensity electric fields delivered using a developing technology called intratumoral modulation therapy (IMT). Methods DIPG cells from autopsy specimens were treated with a custom-designed, in vitro IMT system. Computer-generated electric field simulation was performed to quantify IMT amplitude and distribution using continuous, low intensity, intermediate frequency stimulation parameters. Treatment groups included sham, IMT, temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy and radiation therapy (RT). The impact of single and multi-modality therapy was compared using spectrophotometric and flow cytometry viability analyses. Results DIPG cells exhibited robust, consistent susceptibility to IMT fields that significantly reduced cell viability compared to untreated control levels. The ratio of viable:non-viable DIPG cells transformed from ~ 6:1 in sham-treated to ~ 1.5:1 in IMT-treated conditions. The impact of IMT was similar to that of dual modality TMZ–RT therapy and the addition of IMT to this treatment combination dramatically reduced DIPG cell viability to ~ 20% of control values. Conclusions This proof-of-concept study provides a novel demonstration of marked DIPG cell susceptibility to low intensity electric fields delivered using IMT. The potent impact as a monotherapy and when integrated into multi-modality treatment platforms justifies further investigations into the potential of IMT as a critically needed biomedical innovation for DIPG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Deweyert
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Erin Iredale
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Hu Xu
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Eugene Wong
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Susanne Schmid
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew O Hebb
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada. .,Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
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Di Sebastiano AR, Deweyert A, Benoit S, Iredale E, Xu H, De Oliveira C, Wong E, Schmid S, Hebb MO. Preclinical outcomes of Intratumoral Modulation Therapy for glioblastoma. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7301. [PMID: 29740075 PMCID: PMC5940838 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25639-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the leading cause of high fatality cancer arising within the adult brain. Electrotherapeutic approaches offer new promise for GBM treatment by exploiting innate vulnerabilities of cancer cells to low intensity electric fields. This report describes the preclinical outcomes of a novel electrotherapeutic strategy called Intratumoral Modulation Therapy (IMT) that uses an implanted stimulation system to deliver sustained, titratable, low intensity electric fields directly across GBM-affected brain regions. This pilot technology was applied to in vitro and animal models demonstrating significant and marked reduction in tumor cell viability and a cumulative impact of concurrent IMT and chemotherapy in GBM. No off target neurological effects were observed in treated subjects. Computational modeling predicted IMT field optimization as a means to further bolster treatment efficacy. This sentinel study provides new support for defining the potential of IMT strategies as part of a more effective multimodality treatment platform for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea R Di Sebastiano
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew Deweyert
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Simon Benoit
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Erin Iredale
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hu Xu
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cleusa De Oliveira
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eugene Wong
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susanne Schmid
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew O Hebb
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada. .,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
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Meijer DKF, Geesink HJH. Favourable and Unfavourable EMF Frequency Patterns in Cancer: Perspectives for Improved Therapy and Prevention. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.4236/jct.2018.93019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Hottinger AF, Pacheco P, Stupp R. Tumor treating fields: a novel treatment modality and its use in brain tumors. Neuro Oncol 2017; 18:1338-49. [PMID: 27664860 PMCID: PMC5035531 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/now182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor treating fields (TTFields) are low-intensity electric fields alternating at an intermediate frequency (200kHz), which have been demonstrated to block cell division and interfere with organelle assembly. This novel treatment modality has shown promise in a variety of tumor types. It has been evaluated in randomized phase 3 trials in glioblastoma (GBM) and demonstrated to prolong progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) when administered together with standard maintenance temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed GBM. TTFields are continuously delivered by 4 transducer arrays consisting each of 9 insulated electrodes that are placed on the patient's shaved scalp and connected to a portable device. Here we summarize the preclinical data and mechanism of action, the available clinical data, and further outlook of this treatment modality in brain tumors and other cancer indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas F Hottinger
- CHUV University Hospital and Lausanne University, Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Oncology, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.F.H., P.P.); University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Department of Oncology, Zurich, Switzerland (R.S.)
| | - Patricia Pacheco
- CHUV University Hospital and Lausanne University, Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Oncology, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.F.H., P.P.); University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Department of Oncology, Zurich, Switzerland (R.S.)
| | - Roger Stupp
- CHUV University Hospital and Lausanne University, Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Oncology, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.F.H., P.P.); University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Department of Oncology, Zurich, Switzerland (R.S.)
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Filipovic N, Djukic T, Radovic M, Cvetkovic D, Curcic M, Markovic S, Peulic A, Jeremic B. Electromagnetic field investigation on different cancer cell lines. Cancer Cell Int 2014. [DOI: 10.1186/s12935-014-0084-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Koreckij TD, Hill C, Azure L, Nguyen H, Kunz LL, Azure A, Corey E, Lange P, Vessella RL. Low dose, alternating electric current inhibits growth of prostate cancer. Prostate 2010; 70:529-39. [PMID: 19938042 DOI: 10.1002/pros.21087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of minimally invasive technologies exist for the treatment of prostate cancer (CaP), each with their associated morbidities. We sought to test the efficacy of low dose alternating electric current (LDAEC) to inhibit CaP growth in a preclinical setting and determine its effect on normal tissue. METHODS In the first study, two power settings, 15 or 25 mA of current, and two treatment times, 15 or 60 min, were evaluated in C4-2B CaP xenografts. In the second study, power was regulated to maintain an intra-tumoral temperature of <or=45 degrees C in C4-2B and LuCaP 35 tumors. In both studies, tumor volume, serum PSA levels, survival and histology were analyzed. In a third study, LDAEC was applied to mice hamstrings with evaluation of gait and histology. RESULTS The most effective tumor volume reduction in the first study was seen with tumors treated with 25 mA for 15 min (62 +/- 9.4% decrease, P = 0.001). Longer treatment time did not enhance treatment effect. Using 45 degrees C to govern delivery of LDAEC resulted in a near 100% reduction in tumor volume in 8/10 mice with C4-2B tumors (P < 0.001) with similar inhibition of LuCaP 35 tumors (P = 0.01). This treatment, although resulting in skeletal muscle necrosis, did not affect nerves, smooth muscle and blood vessels. CONCLUSION LDAEC demonstrates efficacy against C4-2B and LuCaP 35 CaP xenografts while causing no harm to nerves and blood vessels. These results warrant further investigations into the use of LDAEC as a treatment for CaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore D Koreckij
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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Kirson ED, Gurvich Z, Schneiderman R, Dekel E, Itzhaki A, Wasserman Y, Schatzberger R, Palti Y. Disruption of cancer cell replication by alternating electric fields. Cancer Res 2004; 64:3288-95. [PMID: 15126372 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-04-0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 424] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Low-intensity, intermediate-frequency (100-300 kHz), alternating electric fields, delivered by means of insulated electrodes, were found to have a profound inhibitory effect on the growth rate of a variety of human and rodent tumor cell lines (Patricia C, U-118, U-87, H-1299, MDA231, PC3, B16F1, F-98, C-6, RG2, and CT-26) and malignant tumors in animals. This effect, shown to be nonthermal, selectively affects dividing cells while quiescent cells are left intact. These fields act in two modes: arrest of cell proliferation and destruction of cells while undergoing division. Both effects are demonstrated when such fields are applied for 24 h to cells undergoing mitosis that is oriented roughly along the field direction. The first mode of action is manifested by interference with the proper formation of the mitotic spindle, whereas the second results in rapid disintegration of the dividing cells. Both effects, which are frequency dependent, are consistent with the computed directional forces exerted by these specific fields on charges and dipoles within the dividing cells. In vivo treatment of tumors in C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice (B16F1 and CT-26 syngeneic tumor models, respectively), resulted in significant slowing of tumor growth and extensive destruction of tumor cells within 3-6 days. These findings demonstrate the potential applicability of the described electric fields as a novel therapeutic modality for malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eilon D Kirson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, NovoCure Ltd., Haifa, Israel
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Abstract
Microfluidic systems are under development to address a variety of medical problems. Key advantages of micrototal analysis systems based on microfluidic technology are the promise of small size and the integration of sample handling and measurement functions within a single, automated device having low mass-production costs. Here, we review the spectrum of methods currently used to detect malaria, consider their advantages and disadvantages, and discuss their adaptability towards integration into small, automated micro total analysis systems. Molecular amplification methods emerge as leading candidates for chip-based systems because they offer extremely high sensitivity, the ability to recognize malaria species and strain, and they will be adaptable to the detection of new genotypic signatures that will emerge from current genomic-based research of the disease. Current approaches to the development of chip-based molecular amplification are considered with special emphasis on flow-through PCR, and we present for the first time the method of malaria specimen preparation by dielectrophoretic field-flow-fractionation. Although many challenges must be addressed to realize a micrototal analysis system for malaria diagnosis, it is concluded that the potential benefits of the approach are well worth pursuing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Gascoyne
- M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, 1515 Holcome Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Vernhes MC, Benichou A, Pernin P, Cabanes PA, Teissié J. Elimination of free-living amoebae in fresh water with pulsed electric fields. WATER RESEARCH 2002; 36:3429-3438. [PMID: 12230188 DOI: 10.1016/s0043-1354(02)00065-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of pulsed electric fields on the inactivation of trophozoite form of Naegleria lovaniensis Ar9M-1 in batch and flow processes, systematically examining the lethal effect of field strength, pulse duration, number of pulses, and pulse frequency. Our results show that amoebae eradication is modulated by pulse parameters, composition of the pulsing medium, and physiological state of the cells. Cell survival is not related to the energy delivered to the cell suspension during the electrical treatment. For a given energy a strong field applied for a short cumulative pulse duration affects viability more than a weak field with a long cumulative pulsation. We also determine the optimal electrical conditions to obtain an inactivation rate higher than 95% while using the least energy. Flow processes allow to treat large-scale volumes. Our results show that the most efficient flow process for amoeba eradication requires a field parallel to the flow. Pulsed electric fields are a new and attractive method for inactivating amoebae in large volumes of fresh water.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Vernhes
- Institut de Pharmacologic et de Biologie Structurale, CNRS UMR 5089, Toulouse, France
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Pawlowski P, Gallo SA, Johnson PG, Hui SW. Electrorheological modeling of the permeabilization of the stratum corneum: theory and experiment. Biophys J 1998; 75:2721-31. [PMID: 9826595 PMCID: PMC1299946 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(98)77716-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimentally observed changes in the conductivity of skin under the influence of a pulsing electric field were theoretically analyzed on the basis of a proposed electrorheological model of the stratum corneum (SC). The dependence of relative changes in conductivity on the amplitude of electric field and timelike parameters of applied pulses or pulse trains have been mathematically described. Statistical characteristics of phenomena of transient and long-term electroporation of SC were taken into consideration. The time-dependent decreases of skin resistance depicted by the models were fitted to experimental data for transient and long-term skin permeabilization by electric pulses. The results show two characteristic times and two spectra of characteristic energies for transient and long-term permeabilizations. The rheological parameters derived from the fittings agreed with those reported elsewhere for biological membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pawlowski
- Biophysics Department, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
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Pawlowski P, Szutowicz I, Rózycki S, Zieliński J, Fikus M. Bioelectrorheological model of the cell. VI. Experimental verification of the rheological model of cytoplasmic membrane. Biophys J 1996; 70:1024-6. [PMID: 8789120 PMCID: PMC1225003 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(96)79647-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The susceptibility of the Neurospora crassa (slime) cellular membrane to electroporation and electrodestruction in an alternating electric field was further investigated. The results were analyzed according to the dynamic rheological model of the cytoplasmic membrane. Based on an analytical description of membrane susceptibility to electroporation, the rheological parameters of the foregoing process in N. crassa cellular membrane were found: they closely resemble those previously determined for the membranes' destruction. This suggests that both processes are temporally related and are induced within the same structures of the membrane. The dependence of the destruction of the membrane on the time of application and the frequency of the electric field was theoretically predicted and experimentally confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pawlowski
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw
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