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Liu H, Pu L, Tsauo C, Wang X, Zheng Q, Shi B, Li C. A new congenital cleft palate New Zealand rabbit model for surgical research. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3865. [PMID: 33594140 PMCID: PMC7887234 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83400-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cleft palate repair is a challenging procedure for cleft surgeons to teach, and in research, it can be difficult to evaluate different techniques and develop new treatments. In this study, a congenital cleft palate New Zealand rabbit model has been described and could be beneficial in future studies concerning cleft palate repair. Pregnant New Zealand rabbits received 1.0 mg dexamethasone injection intramuscularly once a day from the 13th gestation day (GD13) to GD16. On GD31. Newborn rabbits were delivered by cesarean sections, fed with a standardized gastric tube feeding method, and divided into two groups. The rate of survival and the incidence of cleft palate was calculated. Weight, appearance, behavior, maxillary occlusal view, and regional anatomic and histological comparisons were recorded within 1 month after birth. Infants from the two groups with similar physiological conditions were selected for continuous maxillofacial and mandibular Micro-CT scan and three-dimensional reconstruction analysis. Ten pregnant rabbits gave birth to 48 live infants. The survival and cleft palate rates were 65.6% and 60.4% respectively. Both groups survived over 1 month with no difference in weight, appearance, and behavior. The cleft type was stable, and anatomical defects, histological characteristics, and nasal-maxillary abnormalities of the cleft were similar to those of humans. There was no statistically significant difference in maxillary and mandible development between the two groups within one month after birth. This congenital cleft palate model is considered to have more research possibilities with efficient cleft induction, reliable feeding methods, stable anatomical defects, and maxillofacial development similar to those seen in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Chialing Tsauo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenghao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, West China Stomatological Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3, Ren Min Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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Cheng X, Huang H, Luo X, Shi B, Li J. Wnt7a induces satellite cell expansion, myofiber hyperplasia and hypertrophy in rat craniofacial muscle. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10613. [PMID: 30006540 PMCID: PMC6045621 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28917-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Craniofacial muscles drive critical functions in the head, including speech, feeding and expression. Compared with their counterparts in trunk and limbs, craniofacial muscles are of distinct embryonic origins, which might consequently lead to different growth patterns and regenerative potential. In this study, rat levator veli palatini muscle and masseter muscle were compared with tibialis anterior muscle in their response to exogenous Wnt7a stimulus, which has been proved effective in promoting muscle regeneration in the limbs. Histological, cellular and molecular analyses were performed both under basal condition and after a single dose injection of recombinant human Wnt7a. Under basal condition, levator veli palatini muscle demonstrated considerably more satellite cells than the others. After Wnt7a administration, regeneration-related activities, including satellite cell expansion, myofiber hyperplasia and hypertrophy were generally observed in all three muscles, but with obvious differences in the extent. The composition of fast/slow myofibers underwent substantial alterations, and the pattern varied among the three muscles. Location-specific alterations in the expression level of core components in planar cell polarity pathway, Akt/mTOR pathway and myostatin pathway were also observed. In conclusion, both craniofacial and limb muscles could be effectively expanded by exogenous Wnt7a stimulus, but muscle-to-muscle variations in response patterns existed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14 Ren Min Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Hanyao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14 Ren Min Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyou Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14 Ren Min Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Bing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14 Ren Min Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Jingtao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14 Ren Min Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.
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Sánchez-Collado C, Vázquez JM, Rivero MA, Martínez F, Ramírez G, Gil F. Distribution Pattern of Muscle Fibre Types In Soft Palate of the Dog (Canis familiaris,L.). Anat Histol Embryol 2013; 43:56-63. [DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 02/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Sánchez-Collado
- Department of Anatomy and Compared Pathological Anatomy; Faculty of Veterinary; Universidad de Murcia; 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - J. M. Vázquez
- Department of Anatomy and Compared Pathological Anatomy; Faculty of Veterinary; Universidad de Murcia; 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - M. A. Rivero
- Department of Morphology; Faculty of Veterinary; Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; 35413 Las Palmas de G.C Spain
| | - F. Martínez
- Department of Anatomy and Compared Pathological Anatomy; Faculty of Veterinary; Universidad de Murcia; 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - G. Ramírez
- Department of Anatomy and Compared Pathological Anatomy; Faculty of Veterinary; Universidad de Murcia; 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - F. Gil
- Department of Anatomy and Compared Pathological Anatomy; Faculty of Veterinary; Universidad de Murcia; 30100 Murcia Spain
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Carvajal Monroy PL, Grefte S, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM, Helmich MPAC, Ulrich DJO, Von den Hoff JW, Wagener FADTG. A rat model for muscle regeneration in the soft palate. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59193. [PMID: 23554995 PMCID: PMC3598650 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Children with a cleft in the soft palate have difficulties with speech, swallowing, and sucking. Despite successful surgical repositioning of the muscles, optimal function is often not achieved. Scar formation and defective regeneration may hamper the functional recovery of the muscles after cleft palate repair. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the anatomy and histology of the soft palate in rats, and to establish an in vivo model for muscle regeneration after surgical injury. Methods Fourteen adult male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups. Groups 1 (n = 4) and 2 (n = 2) were used to investigate the anatomy and histology of the soft palate, respectively. Group 3 (n = 6) was used for surgical wounding of the soft palate, and group 4 (n = 2) was used as unwounded control group. The wounds (1 mm) were evaluated by (immuno)histochemistry (AZAN staining, Pax7, MyoD, MyoG, MyHC, and ASMA) after 7 days. Results The present study shows that the anatomy and histology of the soft palate muscles of the rat is largely comparable with that in humans. All wounds showed clinical evidence of healing after 7 days. AZAN staining demonstrated extensive collagen deposition in the wound area, and initial regeneration of muscle fibers and salivary glands. Proliferating and differentiating satellite cells were identified in the wound area by antibody staining. Conclusions This model is the first, suitable for studying muscle regeneration in the rat soft palate, and allows the development of novel adjuvant strategies to promote muscle regeneration after cleft palate surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola L Carvajal Monroy
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Biology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Carvajal Monroy PL, Grefte S, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM, Wagener FADTG, Von den Hoff JW. Strategies to improve regeneration of the soft palate muscles after cleft palate repair. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2012; 18:468-77. [PMID: 22697475 PMCID: PMC3696944 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2012.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Children with a cleft in the soft palate have difficulties with speech, swallowing, and sucking. These patients are unable to separate the nasal from the oral cavity leading to air loss during speech. Although surgical repair ameliorates soft palate function by joining the clefted muscles of the soft palate, optimal function is often not achieved. The regeneration of muscles in the soft palate after surgery is hampered because of (1) their low intrinsic regenerative capacity, (2) the muscle properties related to clefting, and (3) the development of fibrosis. Adjuvant strategies based on tissue engineering may improve the outcome after surgery by approaching these specific issues. Therefore, this review will discuss myogenesis in the noncleft and cleft palate, the characteristics of soft palate muscles, and the process of muscle regeneration. Finally, novel therapeutic strategies based on tissue engineering to improve soft palate function after surgical repair are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola L Carvajal Monroy
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Biology, at the Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences of the Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Umemura T, Yasuda K, Ishihama K, Yamada H, Okayama M, Hasumi-Nakayama Y, Furusawa K. A comparison of the postnatal development of muscle-spindle and periodontal-ligament neurons in the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus of the rat. Neurosci Lett 2010; 473:155-7. [PMID: 20184942 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2009] [Revised: 01/14/2010] [Accepted: 02/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus (Vmes) is known to include primary afferent neurons of jaw muscle spindles (MS neurons) and periodontal ligament receptors (PL neurons). The aim of this study was to clarify the postnatal development of Vmes neurons by comparing MS neurons with PL neurons using horseradish peroxidase labeling. We measured somal diameter and somal shape of MS and PL neurons in rats from postnatal day (P)7 to P70. No significant changes were seen between postnatal day P7 and P70 in somal diameter or somal shape of MS neurons. Conversely, PL neurons showed a larger somal diameter at P7 than at P14, and in terms of somal profile, multipolar neurons comprised 0% at P7, but 4.8% at P14 and 16.9% at P70. These findings suggest that PL neurons develop with the eruption of teeth, taking into account the fact that tooth eruption occurs from around P14 in rats. Conversely, the lack of postnatal changes in MS neurons is due to the fact that these neurons have been active since the embryonic period, as swallowing starts in utero.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuhiro Umemura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute for Oral Science, Division of Maxillofacial Biology, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan
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Sugiura-Tomita M, Yasuda K, Mori R, Hasumi-Nakayama Y, Tomita I, Nakamura M, Tanaka S, Furusawa K. NK1 receptor activation by geniohyoid primary afferents modulates parasympathetic postganglionic neuronal excitability in the rat. Brain Res 2006; 1112:106-13. [PMID: 16928362 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.06.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2005] [Revised: 06/20/2006] [Accepted: 06/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that the geniohyoid (GH) muscle receives innervation via both the hypoglossal nerve (CNXII) and the ansa cervicalis. Our recent studies revealed that the efferent root that contributes to the ansa cervicalis is a parasympathetic pathway and contains postganglionic cell bodies. Afferent axons from the GH muscle also travel via the ansa cervicalis, and afferent cell bodies are located in spinal ganglia. The present study attempts to locate the central terminations of these afferents. From the peripheral cut end of the ansa cervicalis, we recorded afferent discharges that coincided with inspiration and these were elicited by stretch of the GH muscle. After cutting CNXII proximal to its union with the ansa cervicalis, we applied horseradish peroxidase to the branch of CNXII that innervates the GH muscle. This procedure labeled cells ipsilaterally in the C2 spinal ganglia but not in the brainstem or upper spinal cord. Substance P-reactive terminals in the peripheral CNXII trunk were in apparent contact with vasoactive intestinal peptide-reactive cell bodies. Addition of the NK1 receptor agonist SP(NK1) excited parasympathetic postganglionic neurons and the specific NK1 receptor antagonist GR82334 blocked these effects in vitro. These results suggest that GH primary afferents synapse on parasympathetic postganglionic neurons in the CNXII trunk and that activation of SP(NK1) receptors modulates activity in these neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maki Sugiura-Tomita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Matsumoto Dental University School of Dentistry, Japan
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Yasuda K, Mori R, Tanaka M, Nakayama Y, Tanaka S, Kumai T, Matsuhashi H, Kondo E, Yamaoka M, Furusawa K. Evidence of parasympathetic postganglionic neurons in the rat hypoglossal nerve trunk. Exp Brain Res 2003; 153:302-9. [PMID: 13680040 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-003-1529-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2003] [Accepted: 04/30/2003] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that the geniohyoid (GH) muscle is innervated by efferent axons from both the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) and ansa cervicalis. To clarify the physiological significance of this dual innervation of the GH muscle, we examined properties of efferent innervations in rat GH muscle using electrophysiological, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) tracing and immunohistochemical techniques. Recordings from the branch of the XII nerve that innervates the GH (GH.Br) revealed that bursts of impulses during fictitious swallowing were conducted via the XII nerve trunk, in which neuronal cell bodies were labeled in the ventrolateral subnucleus of the XII nucleus by HRP tracing. In contrast, in vivo experiments demonstrated that tonic discharges in GH.Br were conducted via the ansa cervicalis. However, HRP-labeled efferent neurons were observed in neither brainstem nor upper spinal cord, but sensory neurons were labeled in the most rostral cervical spinal ganglia via the ansa cervicalis. Tonic activity was abolished in vitro by mecamylamine, an antagonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR), and by pirenzepine, an antagonist of muscarinic M1 receptors. Incubation of isolated XII nerve segments with antisera to vasoactive intestinal peptide, nAChR, and muscarinic M1 receptor yielded small numbers of labeled neurons with each antiserum. All labeled neurons displayed similar diameters and were located approximately 1.5 mm proximal to the bifurcation of the XII nerve into medial and lateral branches. Our findings indicate that GH muscle in the rat is innervated by both somatic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
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MESH Headings
- Action Potentials/drug effects
- Action Potentials/physiology
- Animals
- Deglutition/drug effects
- Deglutition/physiology
- Ganglia, Parasympathetic/cytology
- Ganglia, Parasympathetic/drug effects
- Ganglia, Parasympathetic/physiology
- Ganglia, Spinal/cytology
- Ganglia, Spinal/drug effects
- Ganglia, Spinal/physiology
- Hypoglossal Nerve/cytology
- Hypoglossal Nerve/drug effects
- Hypoglossal Nerve/physiology
- Masticatory Muscles/innervation
- Masticatory Muscles/physiology
- Muscarinic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Neurons/cytology
- Neurons/drug effects
- Neurons/physiology
- Nicotinic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Parasympathetic Fibers, Postganglionic/cytology
- Parasympathetic Fibers, Postganglionic/drug effects
- Parasympathetic Fibers, Postganglionic/physiology
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptor, Muscarinic M1/metabolism
- Receptors, Nicotinic/metabolism
- Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouichi Yasuda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute for Oral Science, Division of Maxillofacial Biology, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan
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