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Benech-Arnold T, Navarro DA, Rodríguez C, Schmidt W, Fredericq S, Rojas AM, Stortz CA. Structure and rheology of the polysaccharides from Schizymenia dubyi: Isolation of an unusual glucurono-carrageenan. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 342:122324. [PMID: 39048213 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The system of polysaccharides from Schizymenia dubyi (Nemastomatales) was investigated. It contains a mixture of hybrid dl galactans (SH-S) and carrageenan-like polysaccharides, which were separated by means of precipitation with KCl at high concentrations. The structural features of the carrageenan-like fraction (SH-I) were investigated by methylation analysis, desulfation, uronic acid reduction, and NMR spectroscopy. It was concluded that the structure has the typical alternance α-(1 → 3), β-(1 → 4) of d-galactose units, with most of the 3-linked units sulfated in O-2 (and some in O-4), and most of the 4-linked units sulfated in O-3, and substituted in O-2 by single stubs of β-d-glucuronic acid (partly sulfated in each of the three available positions). This substituent has been only seldom found in red seaweed galactans. Rheological studies of 5 % and 10 % w/v SH, SH-S and SH-I aqueous systems, either without ions, or in KCl or CaCl2 solution gave thickening behaviors. Their random coil conformations justify the pseudoplastic behavior observed in the viscosity versus shear rate curves. As SH-S and SH-I are both contained in SH, an interpenetrating network could form in SH between the glucurono-carrageenan and the agaran, as inferred from the mechanical spectra recorded in water, especially with potassium ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Benech-Arnold
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR/CONICET), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego A Navarro
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR/CONICET), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cristian Rodríguez
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, UMYMFOR/CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - William Schmidt
- Biology Department, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette 70504-3602, LA, United States
| | - Suzanne Fredericq
- Biology Department, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette 70504-3602, LA, United States
| | - Ana M Rojas
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos y Procesos Químicos (ITAPROQ/CONICET-UBA), Departamento de Industrias, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos A Stortz
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR/CONICET), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Barahona T, Rodríguez Sánchez RA, Noseda MD, Mansilla A, Matsuhiro B, Prado HJ, Matulewicz MC. Characterization of polysaccharides from cystocarpic and tetrasporic stages of Sub-Antarctic Iridaea cordata. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Disaccharides obtained from carrageenans as potential antitumor agents. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6654. [PMID: 31040376 PMCID: PMC6491800 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43238-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Carrageenans are sulfated galactans found in certain red seaweeds with proven biological activities. In this work, we have prepared purified native and degraded κ-, ι-; and λ-carrageenans, including the disaccharides (carrabioses) and disaccharide-alditols (carrabiitols) from seaweed extracts as potential antitumor compounds and identified the active principle of the cytotoxic and potential antitumor properties of these compounds. Both κ and ι-carrageenan, as well as carrageenan oligosaccharides showed cytotoxic effect over LM2 tumor cells. Characterized disaccharides (carrabioses) and the reduced product carrabiitols, were also tested. Only carrabioses were cytotoxic, and among them, κ-carrabiose was the most effective, showing high cytotoxic properties, killing the cells through an apoptotic pathway. In addition, the cells surviving treatment with κ-carrabiose, showed a decreased metastatic ability in vitro, together with a decreased cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, thus suggesting possible antitumor potential. Overall, our results indicate that most cytotoxic compounds derived from carrageenans have lower molecular weights and sulfate content. Potential applications of the results emerging from the present work include the use of disaccharide units such as carrabioses coupled to antineoplasics in order to improve its cytotoxicity and antimetastatic properties, and the use of ι-carrageenan as adjuvant or carrier in anticancer treatments.
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Estevez JM, Ciancia M, Cerezo AS. The system of galactans of the red seaweed, Kappaphycus alvarezii, with emphasis on its minor constituents. Carbohydr Res 2004; 339:2575-92. [PMID: 15476719 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2004.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2004] [Accepted: 08/25/2004] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The galactans extracted with hot water from Kappaphycus alvarezii, after previous extraction at room temperature, are mainly composed of kappa-carrageenans (approximately 74%) and micro-carrageenans (approximately 3%). However, a significant percentage of these galactans (at least 14%) is composed of sulfated agarans and, possibly, agaran-type sulfated DL-hybrid galactans. These agarans are partially substituted on C-2 or C-4 or disubstituted on both positions of the beta-D-galactose units and on C-3 or C-2 and C-3 of the alpha-L-galactose residues with sulfate groups or single stubs of beta-D-xylopyranose, D-glucopyranose, and galactose or with D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-D-glucopyranose side chains. Significant quantities of 2-O-methyl- and 3-O-methyl-L-galactose units are also present. A great tendency to retain Ca2+ and Mg2+, in spite of massive treatments with Na+ and K+ salts, was observed. The complexation between agarans and agarans-kappa-carrageenans through divalent cations and the possible zipper-type carbohydrate-carbohydrate interactions would be two complementary mechanisms of interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Estevez
- Departamento de Quimica Orgánica (CIHIDECAR-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria-Pabellón 2, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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The systems of carrageenans from cystocarpic and tetrasporic stages from Iridaea undulosa: fractionation with potassium chloride and methylation analysis of the fractions. Carbohydr Res 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(93)80036-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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The 13C NMR spectroscopy of carrageenans: calculation of chemical shifts and computer-aided structural determination. Carbohydr Polym 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0144-8617(92)90088-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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