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Green AR, Li K, Lockard B, Young RP, Mueller LJ, Larive CK. Investigation of the Amide Proton Solvent Exchange Properties of Glycosaminoglycan Oligosaccharides. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:4653-4662. [PMID: 31067054 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b01794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
One-dimensional 1H NMR experiments were conducted for aqueous solutions of glycosaminoglycan oligosaccharides to measure the amide proton temperature coefficients and activation energy barriers for solvent exchange and evaluate the effect of pH on the solvent exchange properties. A library of mono- and oligosaccharides was prepared by enzymatic depolymerization of amide-containing polysaccharides and by chemical modification of heparin and heparan sulfate saccharides including members that contain a 3- O-sulfated glucosamine residue. The systematic evaluation of this saccharide library facilitated assessment of the effects of structural characteristics, such as size, sulfation number and site, and glycosidic linkage, on amide proton solvent exchange rates. Charge repulsion by neighboring negatively charged sulfate and carboxylate groups was found to have a significant impact on the catalysis of amide proton solvent exchange by hydroxide. This observation leads to the conclusion that solvent exchange rates must be interpreted within the context of a given chemical environment. On their own, slow exchange rates do not conclusively establish the involvement of a labile proton in a hydrogen bond, and additional supporting experimental evidence such as reduced temperature coefficients is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Green
- Department of Chemistry , University of California-Riverside , Riverside , California 92501 , United States
| | - Kecheng Li
- Department of Chemistry , University of California-Riverside , Riverside , California 92501 , United States.,Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao 266071 , China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology , Qingdao 266237 , China
| | - Blake Lockard
- Department of Chemistry , University of California-Riverside , Riverside , California 92501 , United States
| | - Robert P Young
- Department of Chemistry , University of California-Riverside , Riverside , California 92501 , United States.,Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99352 , United States
| | - Leonard J Mueller
- Department of Chemistry , University of California-Riverside , Riverside , California 92501 , United States
| | - Cynthia K Larive
- Department of Chemistry , University of California-Riverside , Riverside , California 92501 , United States
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Beecher CN, Young RP, Langeslay DJ, Mueller LJ, Larive CK. Hydroxyl-proton hydrogen bonding in the heparin oligosaccharide Arixtra in aqueous solution. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:482-91. [PMID: 24354321 DOI: 10.1021/jp410540d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Heparin is best known for its anticoagulant activity, which is mediated by the binding of a specific pentasaccharide sequence to the protease inhibitor antithrombin-III (AT-III). Although heparin oligosaccharides are thought to be flexible in aqueous solution, the recent discovery of a hydrogen bond between the sulfamate (NHSO3(-)) proton and the adjacent 3-O-sulfo group of the 3,6-O-sulfated N-sulfoglucosamine residue of the Arixtra (fondaparinux sodium) pentasaccharide demonstrates that definable elements of local structure are accessed. Molecular dynamics simulations of Arixtra suggest the presence of additional hydrogen bonds involving the C3-OH groups of the glucuronic acid and 2-O-sulfo-iduronic acid residues. NMR measurements of temperature coefficients, chemical shift differences, and solvent exchange rate constants provide experimental confirmation of these hydrogen bonds. We note that the extraction of rate constants from cross-peak buildup curves in 2D exchange spectroscopy is complicated by the presence of radiation damping in aqueous solution. A straightforward model is presented that explicitly takes into account the effects of radiation damping on the water proton relaxation and is sufficiently robust to provide an accurate measure of the proton exchange rate between the analyte hydroxyl protons and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Consuelo N Beecher
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Riverside , Riverside, California 92521, United States
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Pawar SA, Jabgunde AM, Petzold K, Maguire GEM, Dhavale DD, Kruger HG, Govender T. Investigation and folding pattern of l-ido and d-gluco peptides by EASY ROESY NMR and X-ray. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra44542a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Langeslay DJ, Young RP, Beni S, Beecher CN, Mueller LJ, Larive CK. Sulfamate proton solvent exchange in heparin oligosaccharides: evidence for a persistent hydrogen bond in the antithrombin-binding pentasaccharide Arixtra. Glycobiology 2012; 22:1173-82. [PMID: 22593556 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cws085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfamate groups (NHSO(3)(-)) are important structural elements in the glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) heparin and heparan sulfate (HS). In this work, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) line-shape analysis is used to explore the solvent exchange properties of the sulfamate NH groups within heparin-related mono-, di-, tetra- and pentasaccharides as a function of pH and temperature. The results of these experiments identified a persistent hydrogen bond within the Arixtra (fondaparinux sodium) pentasaccharide between the internal glucosamine sulfamate NH and the adjacent 3-O-sulfo group. This discovery provides new insights into the solution structure of the Arixtra pentasaccharide and suggests that 3-O-sulfation of the heparin N-sulfoglucosamine (GlcNS) residues pre-organize the secondary structure in a way that facilitates binding to antithrombin-III. NMR studies of the GlcNS NH groups can provide important information about heparin structure complementary to that available from NMR spectral analysis of the carbon-bound protons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek J Langeslay
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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Corzana F, Busto JH, Jiménez-Osés G, García de Luis M, Asensio JL, Jiménez-Barbero J, Peregrina JM, Avenoza A. Serine versus Threonine Glycosylation: The Methyl Group Causes a Drastic Alteration on the Carbohydrate Orientation and on the Surrounding Water Shell. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:9458-67. [PMID: 17616194 DOI: 10.1021/ja072181b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Different behavior has been observed for the psi torsion angle of the glycosidic linkages of D-GalNAc-Ser and D-GalNAc-Thr motifs, allowing the carbohydrate moiety to adopt a completely different orientation. In addition, the fact that the water pockets found in alpha-D-GalNAc-Thr differ from those obtained for its serine analogue could be related to the different capability that the two model glycopeptides have to structure the surrounding water. This fact could have important biological inferences (i.e., antifreeze activity).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Corzana
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, UA-CSIC, Madre de Dios 51, Logroño, Spain
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Blundell CD, Almond A. Temperature dependencies of amide 1H- and 15N-chemical shifts in hyaluronan oligosaccharides. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2007; 45:430-3. [PMID: 17372972 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.1969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Temperature coefficients (Deltadelta/DeltaT) of amide chemical shifts of N-acetylglucosamine residues have been measured in a range of oligosaccharides of the important vertebrate polysaccharide hyaluronan. Odd- and even-numbered oligosaccharides with glucuronic acid, Delta-4,5-unsaturated glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine at the termini were investigated. All amide proton temperature coefficients were only slightly less negative (-6.9 to - 9.1 ppb/ degrees C) than those of amide protons in free exchange with water (approximately equal to -11 ppb/ degrees C), indicating an absence of persistent intramolecular hydrogen bonds. With the exception of amide groups in reducing-terminal N-acetylglucosamine rings, all amide proton environments have the same temperature coefficient (-6.9 ppb/ degrees C), irrespective of differences in amide group chemical shifts and (3)J(HH) coupling constants, i.e. they do not sense subtle differences in orientation of the amide group. Amide nitrogen temperature coefficients report the same phenomena but with greater sensitivity. These data provide a set of reference values for temperature coefficients measured in other carbohydrates with acetamido sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles D Blundell
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre, University of Manchester, Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
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Rohfritsch PF, Frank M, Sandström C, Kenne L, Vliegenthart JFG, Kamerling JP. Comparative 1H NMR and molecular modeling study of hydroxy protons of β-d-Galp-(1→4)-β-d-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-d-Manp-(1→O)(CH2)7CH3 analogues in aqueous solution. Carbohydr Res 2007; 342:597-609. [PMID: 16916500 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2006.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2006] [Revised: 07/07/2006] [Accepted: 07/07/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The (1)H chemical shifts, coupling constants, temperature coefficients, exchange rates, and inter-residual ROEs have been measured, in aqueous solution, for the hydroxy and amine/amide proton resonances of a set of beta-D-Galp-(1-->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1-->2)-alpha-D-Manp-(1-->O)(CH(2))(7)CH(3) analogues. From the structural data, a few significant structural features could be ascertained, such as a preferential anti-conformation for the amide protons of the N-acetyl and N-propionyl groups. The introduction of systematic modifications at Gal 2-C and Gal 6-C resulted in alterations of the Gal 4-OH, Gal 3-OH, and GlcNAc 3-OH areas, since variations in chemical shifts and temperature coefficient were observed. In order to verify the possibility of hydrogen bonds, molecular dynamics simulations in the gas phase and explicit solvent were performed and correlated with the experimental data. A network of hydrogen bonds to solvent molecules was observed, but no strong intramolecular hydrogen bonding was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe F Rohfritsch
- Bijvoet Center, Department of Bio-Organic Chemistry, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, NL-3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Hindley ML, Lee K, Davis JT. The Peptide Can Influence Sugar Conformation in Small Asn Glycopeptides. J Carbohydr Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1081/car-200060393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret L. Hindley
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Maryland , MD, USA
| | - Kwun‐Chi Lee
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Maryland , MD, USA
| | - Jeffery T. Davis
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Maryland , MD, USA
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Palian MM, Boguslavsky VI, O'Brien DF, Polt R. Glycopeptide-membrane interactions: glycosyl enkephalin analogues adopt turn conformations by NMR and CD in amphipathic media. J Am Chem Soc 2003; 125:5823-31. [PMID: 12733923 DOI: 10.1021/ja0268635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Four enkephalin analogues (Tyr-D-Thr-Gly-Phe-Leu-Ser-CONH(2), 1, and the related O-linked glycopeptides bearing the monosaccharide beta-glucose, 2, the disaccharide beta-maltose, 3, and the trisaccharide beta-maltotriose, 4) were synthesized, purified by HPLC, and biophysical studies were conducted to examine their interactions with membrane model systems. Glycopeptide 2 has been previously reported to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and produce potent analgesia superior to morphine in mice (J. Med. Chem.2000, 43, 2586-90 and J. Pharm. Exp. Ther. 2001, 299, 967-972). The parent peptide and its three glycopeptide derivatives were studied in aqueous solution and in the presence of micelles using 2-D NMR, CD, and molecular mechanics (Monte Carlo studies). Consistent with previous conformational studies on cyclic opioid agonist glycopeptides, it was seen that glycosylation did not significantly perturb the peptide backbone in aqueous solution, but all four compounds strongly associated with 5-30 mM SDS or DPC micelles, and underwent profound membrane-induced conformational changes. Interaction was also observed with POPC:POPE:cholesterol lipid vesicles (LUV) in equilibrium dialysis experiments. Although the peptide backbones of 1-4 possessed random coil structures in water, in the presence of the lipid phase they each formed a nearly identical pair of structures, all with a stable beta-turn motif at the C-terminus. Use of spin labels (Mn(2+) and 5-DOXYL-stearic acid) allowed for the determination of the position and orientation of the compounds relative to the surface of the micelle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M Palian
- Carl S. Marvel Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
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