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Jones GB, Sims RC, Zhao J. Experimental and theoretical investigations of rotating algae biofilm reactors (RABRs): Areal productivity, nutrient recovery, and energy efficiency. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:2865-2879. [PMID: 37260114 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae biofilms have been demonstrated to recover nutrients from wastewater and serve as biomass feedstock for bioproducts. However, there is a need to develop a platform to quantitatively describe microalgae biofilm production, which can provide guidance and insights for improving biomass areal productivity and nutrient uptake efficiency. This paper proposes a unified experimental and theoretical framework to investigate algae biofilm growth on a rotating algae biofilm reactor (RABR). Experimental laboratory setups are used to conduct controlled experiments on testing environmental and operational factors for RABRs. We propose a differential-integral equation-based mathematical model for microalgae biofilm cultivation guided by laboratory experimental findings. The predictive mathematical model development is coordinated with laboratory experiments of biofilm areal productivity associated with ammonia and inorganic phosphorus uptake by RABRs. The unified experimental and theoretical tool is used to investigate the effects of RABR rotating velocity, duty cycle (DC), and light intensity on algae biofilm growth, areal productivity, nutrient uptake efficiency, and energy efficiency in wastewater treatment. Our framework indicates that maintaining a reasonable light intensity range improves biomass areal productivity and nutrient uptake efficiency. Our framework also indicates that faster RABR rotation benefits biomass areal productivity. However, maximizing the nutrient uptake efficiency requires a reasonably low RABR rotating speed. Energy efficiency is strongly correlated with RABR rotating speed and DC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ronald C Sims
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Jia Zhao
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
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2
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Song Y, Cheng J, Yang Y, Gao Z. Irradiance penetration distribution and flashing light frequency simultaneously affected with microalgal cell absorption and CO 2 bubble scattering in a raceway pond. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 864:160988. [PMID: 36535475 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In order to investigate light penetration and flashing light frequency for microalgal cell-CO2 bubble culture system in a raceway pond, user-defined function for CO2 mass transfer and bubble scattering models coupled with discrete ordinates radiation model were adopted to clarify simultaneous effects of microalgal cell absorption and CO2 bubble scattering. Light intensity along the microalgal suspension depth attenuated more rapidly with increased biomass concentration, decreased bubble generation diameter, increased CO2 gas content and incident light intensity. Ratio of light zone decreased from 81.13 % to 20.00 % when biomass concentration increased from 0 to 0.4 g/L because of light absorption and shading effects of microalgae. When bubble generation diameter increased from 0.1 to 1.6 mm, ratio of light zone increased from 37.95 % to 42.64 %, while microalgal flashing light cycle first decreased to a valley of 1.81 s at 0.8 mm and then increased. Local light intensity in the upper layers was more enhanced due to lots of CO2 bubbles gathering and reflecting more light with decreased bubble diameter and increased gas content. Light attenuated more rapidly in microalgal suspension with decreased bubble generation diameter and increased CO2 gas content because of increased bubble diffraction coefficient and contact area. When initial CO2 volume fraction increased from 0.02 to 0.2, flashing light frequency of microalgal cells decreased from 0.55 to 0.29 Hz and light zone time ratio φ decreased from 36.90 % to 18.40 %. At a biomass concentration of 0.1 g/L and a bubble flow rate of 0.1 m/s, the maximum light penetration and microalgal growth rate was achieved when bubble diameter, incident light intensity and gas content were optimally at 0.8 mm, 200 W/m2 and 0.02, respectively. This work provides data support and theoretical guidance for photobioreactor design and optimization of light energy utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Song
- China Huaneng Group Clean Energy Research Institute, Beijing 102209, China; State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems of Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Yusen Yang
- China Huaneng Group Clean Energy Research Institute, Beijing 102209, China
| | - Zhigang Gao
- Dongtai Cibainian Bioengineering Company Limited, Yancheng 224200, China
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3
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Fierro Ulloa JI, Lu LD, Bernard O. Theoretical growth rate of microalgae under high/low-flashing light. J Math Biol 2023; 86:48. [PMID: 36809601 DOI: 10.1007/s00285-023-01871-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic light regimes strongly impact microalgal photosynthesis efficiency. Finding the optimal way to supply light is then a tricky problem, especially when the growth rate is inhibited by overexposition to light and, at the same time, there is a lack of light in the deepest part of the culture. In this paper, we use the Han model to study the theoretical microalgal growth rate by applying periodically two different light intensities. Two approaches are considered depending on the period of the light pattern. For a large light period, we demonstrate that the average photosynthetic rate can be improved under some conditions. Moreover, we can also enhance the growth rate at steady state as given by the PI-curve. Although, these conditions change through the depth of a bioreactor. This theoretical improvement in the range of 10-15% is due to a recovery of photoinhibited cells during the high irradiance phase. We give a minimal value of the duty cycle for which the optimal irradiance is perceived by the algae culture under flashing light regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ignacio Fierro Ulloa
- BIOCORE Project-Team, Inria Sophia Antipolis Méditerranée, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, 2004, Route des Lucioles, BP 93, 06902, Sophia-Antipolis, France.
| | - Liu-Di Lu
- Section de mathématiques, Université de Genève, Rue du Conseil-Général 7-9, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Bernard
- BIOCORE Project-Team, Inria Sophia Antipolis Méditerranée, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, 2004, Route des Lucioles, BP 93, 06902, Sophia-Antipolis, France.,Laboratoire d'Ocèanographie de Villefranche-sur-Mer, Sorbonne Universitè CNRS UMR 7093, Vilefranche-sur-Mer, France
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4
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Diotto D, Barbera E, Borella L, Trivellin N, Sforza E. Modeling Approach to Capture the Effect of High Frequency Flashing Light in Steady-State Microalgae Cultures. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c03258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Diotto
- Interdepartmental Centre Giorgio Levi Cases, Via Marzolo 9, Padova35131, Italy
| | - Elena Barbera
- Department of Industrial Engineering DII, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, Padova35131, Italy
| | - Lisa Borella
- Department of Industrial Engineering DII, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, Padova35131, Italy
| | - Nicola Trivellin
- Department of Industrial Engineering DII, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, Padova35131, Italy
| | - Eleonora Sforza
- Department of Industrial Engineering DII, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, Padova35131, Italy
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5
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Modeling and Simulation of Photobioreactors with Computational Fluid Dynamics—A Comprehensive Review. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15113966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) have been frequently applied to model the growth conditions in photobioreactors, which are affected in a complex way by multiple, interacting physical processes. We review common photobioreactor types and discuss the processes occurring therein as well as how these processes have been considered in previous CFD models. The analysis reveals that CFD models of photobioreactors do often not consider state-of-the-art modeling approaches. As a comprehensive photobioreactor model consists of several sub-models, we review the most relevant models for the simulation of fluid flows, light propagation, heat and mass transfer and growth kinetics as well as state-of-the-art models for turbulence and interphase forces, revealing their strength and deficiencies. In addition, we review the population balance equation, breakage and coalescence models and discretization methods since the predicted bubble size distribution critically depends on them. This comprehensive overview of the available models provides a unique toolbox for generating CFD models of photobioreactors. Directions future research should take are also discussed, mainly consisting of an extensive experimental validation of the single models for specific photobioreactor geometries, as well as more complete and sophisticated integrated models by virtue of the constant increase of the computational capacity.
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Ranganathan P, Pandey AK, Sirohi R, Tuan Hoang A, Kim SH. Recent advances in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling of photobioreactors: Design and applications. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 350:126920. [PMID: 35240273 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The development of photobioreactor is important for sustainable production of renewable fuels, wastewater treatment and CO2 fixation. For the design and scale-up of a photobioreactor, CFD can be used as an indispensable tool. The present study reviews the recent status of computational flow modelling of various types of photobioreactors, involving fluid dynamics, light transport, and algal growth kinetics. An integrated modelling approach of hydrodynamics, light intensity, mass transfer, and biokinetics in photobioreactor is discussed further. Also, this reviews intensified system to improve the mixing, and light intensity of photobioreactors. Finally, the prospects and challenges of CFD modelling in photobioreactors are discussed. Multi-scale modelling approach and development of low-cost efficient computational framework are the areas to be considered for modelling of photobioreactor in near future. In addition, it is necessary to use process intensification techniques for photobioreactors for improving their hydrodynamics, mixing and mass transfer performances, and algal growth productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashutosh Kumar Pandey
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow-226 029, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ranjna Sirohi
- Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow-226 029, Uttar Pradesh, India; Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136713, Republic of Korea
| | - Anh Tuan Hoang
- Institute of Engineering, HUTECH University, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam
| | - Sang-Hyoun Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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7
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A Detailed Hydrodynamic Study of the Split-Plate Airlift Reactor by Using Non-Invasive Gamma-Ray Techniques. CHEMENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemengineering6010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study focused on detailed investigations of selected local hydrodynamics in split airlift reactor by using an unconventional measurements facility: computed tomography (CT) and radioactive particle tracking (RPT). The local distribution in a cross-sectional manner with its radial’s profiles for gas holdup, liquid velocity flow field, shear stresses, and turbulent kinetic energy were studied under various gas velocity 1, 2 and 3 cm/s with various six axial level z = 12, 20, 40, 60, 90 and 112 cm. The distribution in gas–liquid phases in the whole split reactor column, the riser and downcomer sides, including their behavior at the top and bottom sections of the split plate was also described. The outcomes of this study displayed an exemplary gas–liquid phases dispersion approximately in all reactor’s zones and had large magnitude over the ring of the sparger as well as upper the split plate. Furthermore, the outcomes pointed out that the distribution of this flow may significantly impacts the performance of the split reactor, which may have essential influence on its performance particularly for microorganisms culturing applications. These outcomes are dependable as benchmark information to validate computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and other models.
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8
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Laifa R, Morchain J, Barna L, Guiraud P. A numerical framework to predict the performances of a tubular photobioreactor from operating and sunlight conditions. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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9
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How Do Operational and Design Parameters Effect Biomass Productivity in a Flat-Panel Photo-Bioreactor? A Computational Analysis. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9081387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimal production of microalgae in photo-bioreactors (PBRs) largely depends on the amount of light intensity received by individual algal cells, which is affected by several operational and design factors. A key question is: which process parameters have the highest potential for the optimization of biomass productivity? This can be analyzed by simulating the complex interplay of PBR design, hydrodynamics, dynamic light exposure, and growth of algal cells. A workflow was established comprising the simulation of hydrodynamics in a flat-panel PBR using computational fluid dynamics, calculation of light irradiation inside the PBR, tracing the light exposure of individual cells over time, and calculation the algal growth and biomass productivity based on this light exposure. Different PBR designs leading to different flow profiles were compared, and operational parameters such as air inlet flowrate, microalgal concentration, and incident light intensity were varied to investigate their effect on PBR productivity. The design of internal structures and lighting had a significant effect on biomass productivity, whereas air inlet flowrate had a minimal effect. Microalgal concentration and incident light intensity controlled the amount of light intensity inside the PBR, thereby significantly affecting the overall productivity. For detailed quantitative insight into these dependencies, better parameterization of algal growth models is required.
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10
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Model-Based Prediction of Perceived Light Flashing in Recirculated Inclined Wavy-Bottomed Photobioreactors. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9071158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae biomass production rate in short light-path photobioreactors potentially can be improved by mixing-induced flashing light regimes. A cascade photobioreactor features a thin liquid layer flowing down a sloping, wavy-bottomed surface where liquid flow exhibits peculiar local recirculation hydrodynamics, potentially conducive to an ordered flashing light regime. This article presents a model-based analysis of the frequency distribution of perceived irradiance in said wavy-bottomed photobioreactor. The model combines a Lagrangian description of the motion of individual cells, in turn derived from the hydrodynamic parameters of the photobioreactor extracted from an experimentally validated Computational Fluid Dynamic model, with a simplified description of the irradiance field across the culture thickness, down to the spectral analysis of perceived irradiance. The main finding of the work is that the wavy bottomed photobioreactor provides a ‘robust’ spectral excitation to the circulating microalgae up to 3 Hz frequency, while in flat panels and bubble columns excitation decays evenly at a 24 db/octave rate. This analysis paves the way to improving the light flashing performance of the wavy-bottomed photobioreactor with respect to geometry (cavity size and installation inclination) and operation (flow rate).
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11
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Cultivating Microalgae in Desert Conditions: Evaluation of the Effect of Light-Temperature Summer Conditions on the Growth and Metabolism of Nannochloropsis QU130. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11093799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Temperature and light are two of the most crucial factors for microalgae production. Variations in these factors alter their growth kinetics, macromolecular composition and physiological properties, including cell membrane permeability and fluidity. The variations define the adaptation mechanisms adopted by the microalgae to withstand changes in these environmental factors. In the Qatar desert the temperature varies widely, typically between 10° and 45 °C There are also wide variations in light intensity, with values of over 1500 μmolhν.m−2s−1 in summer. A study of the effects of these thermal and light fluctuations is therefore essential for large-scale outdoor production systems, especially during the summer when temperature and light fluctuations are at their highest. The aim of this work is to study the impact of temperature and light intensity variations as encountered in summer period on the Nannochloropsis QU130 strain, which was selected for its suitability for outdoor cultivation in the harsh conditions of the Qatar desert. It was carried out using lab-scale photobioreactors enabling simulation of both constant and dynamic temperature and light regimes. Biomass productivity, cell morphology and biochemical compositions were examined first in constant conditions, then in typical outdoor cultivation conditions to elucidate the adjustments in cell function in respect of fluctuations. The dynamic light and temperature were shown to have interactive effects. The application of temperature cycles under constant light led to a 13.6% increase in biomass productivity, while a 45% decrease was observed under light and temperature regimes due to the combined stress. In all cases, the results proved that N. sp. QU130 has a high level of adaptation to the wide fluctuations in light and temperature stress. This was shown through its ability to easily change its physiology (cell size) and metabolic process in response to different cultivation conditions.
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12
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Anye Cho B, de Carvalho Servia MÁ, Del Río Chanona EA, Smith R, Zhang D. Synergising biomass growth kinetics and transport mechanisms to simulate light/dark cycle effects on photo-production systems. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:1932-1942. [PMID: 33547805 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Light attenuation is a primary challenge limiting the upscaling of photobioreactors for sustainable bio-production. One key to this challenge, is to model and optimise the light/dark cycles so that cells within the dark region can be frequently transferred to the light region for photosynthesis. Therefore, this study proposes the first mechanistic model to integrate the light/dark cycle effects into biomass growth kinetics. This model was initially constructed through theoretical derivation based on the intracellular reaction kinetics, and was subsequently modified by embedding a new parameter, effective light coefficient, to account for the effects of culture mixing. To generate in silico process data, a new multiscale reactive transport modelling strategy was developed to couple fluid dynamics with biomass growth kinetics and light transmission. By comparing against previous experimental and computational studies, the multiscale model shows to be of high accuracy. Based on its simulation result, an original correlation was proposed to link effective light coefficient with photobioreactor gas inflow rate; this has not been done before. The impact of this study is that by using the proposed mechanistic model and correlation, we can easily control and optimise photobioreactor gas inflow rates to alleviate light attenuation and maintain a high biomass growth rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bovinille Anye Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | - Robin Smith
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Dongda Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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13
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A coupled RTD and mixed-order kinetic model to predict high rate algal pond wastewater treatment under different operational conditions: Performance assessment and sizing application. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Pozzobon V, Perré P. Multiscale numerical workflow describing microalgae motion and light pattern incidence towards population growth in a photobioreactor. J Theor Biol 2020; 498:110293. [PMID: 32335138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2020.110293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In this article, a numerical workflow describing the microalgal growth inside of a photobioreactor is proposed. CFD is used to compute reactor internal hydrodynamics taking into account marine impeller rotation and sparged bubbles motion. Lagrangian approach is used to track microalgae motion inside of the culture vessel. The illumination across the reactor is obtained using the classical Beer-Lambert's law. The combination of light field and cell motion allows to reconstruct the light history of each microalgae. These histories are then supplied to Han's model which predicts individual growth rate and experienced photodamages. Once computed, several thousands of trajectories are agglomerated at the population level yielding the photobioreactor performances. After having ensured properties convergence, this procedure is applied to a large range of optical density (0 to 4.0), i.e. cell concentration, and incident light intensities (0 to 2000 μmolPhoton/m2/s). From this exploration, it is possible to determine the photobioreactor response surfaces in terms of growth rate and photodamages. These are latter used to propose an optimal lighting strategy for biomass production - reducing photobioreactor operation time by 16% compared to classical two-step procedure - and assist light induced stress with the aim of triggering secondary metabolites production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Pozzobon
- LGPM, CentraleSupélec, Université Paris-Saclay, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), 3 rue des Rouges Terres, Pomacle 51110, France.
| | - Patrick Perré
- LGPM, CentraleSupélec, Université Paris-Saclay, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), 3 rue des Rouges Terres, Pomacle 51110, France
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15
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Computational fluid dynamics applied for the improvement of a flat-plate photobioreactor towards high-density microalgae cultures. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.107257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Solimeno A, Gómez-Serrano C, Acién FG. BIO_ALGAE 2: improved model of microalgae and bacteria consortia for wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:25855-25868. [PMID: 31273656 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05824-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A new set up of the integral mechanistic BIO_ALGAE model that describes the complex interactions in mixed algal-bacterial systems was developed to overcome some restrictions of the model. BIO_ALGAE 2 includes new sub-models that take into account the variation of microalgae and bacteria performance as a function of culture conditions prevailing in microalgae cultures (pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen) over daily and seasonal cycles and the implementation of on-demand dioxide carbon injection for pH control. Moreover, another aim of this work was to study a correlation between the mass transfer coefficient and the hydrodynamics of reactor. The model was calibrated using real data from a laboratory reactor fed with real wastewater. Moreover, the model was used to simulate daily variations of different components in the pond (dissolved oxygen, pH, and CO2 injection) and to predict microalgae (XALG) and bacteria (XH) proportions and to estimate daily biomass production (Cb). The effect of CO2 injection and the influence of wastewater composition on treatment performance were investigated through practical study cases. XALG decreased by 38%, and XH increased by 35% with respect to the system under pH control while microalgae and bacteria proportions are completely different as a function of influent wastewater composition. Model simulations have indicated that Cb production (~ 100 gTSS m-3 day-1 for manure and centrate) resulted lower than Cb production obtained using primary influent wastewater (155 gTSS m-3 day-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Solimeno
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120, Almeria, Spain.
| | - Cintia Gómez-Serrano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120, Almeria, Spain
| | - Francisco Gabriel Acién
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120, Almeria, Spain
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17
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Sabri LS, Sultan AJ, Al-Dahhan MH. Investigating the cross-sectional gas holdup distribution in a split internal-loop photobioreactor during microalgae culturing using a sophisticated computed tomography (CT) technique. Chem Eng Res Des 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2019.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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18
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Morschett H, Loomba V, Huber G, Wiechert W, von Lieres E, Oldiges M. Laboratory-scale photobiotechnology-current trends and future perspectives. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2019; 365:4604817. [PMID: 29126108 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnx238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phototrophic bioprocesses are a promising puzzle piece in future bioeconomy concepts but yet mostly fail for economic reasons. Besides other aspects, this is mainly attributed to the omnipresent issue of optimal light supply impeding scale-up and -down of phototrophic processes according to classic established concepts. This MiniReview examines two current trends in photobiotechnology, namely microscale cultivation and modeling and simulation. Microphotobioreactors are a valuable and promising trend with microfluidic chips and microtiter plates as predominant design concepts. Providing idealized conditions, chip systems are preferably to be used for acquiring physiological data of microalgae while microtiter plate systems are more appropriate for process parameter and medium screenings. However, these systems are far from series technology and significant improvements especially regarding flexible light supply remain crucial. Whereas microscale is less addressed by modeling and simulation so far, benchtop photobioreactor design and operation have successfully been studied using such tools. This particularly includes quantitative model-assisted understanding of mixing, mass transfer, light dispersion and particle tracing as well as their relevance for microalgal performance. The ultimate goal will be to combine physiological data from microphotobioreactors with hybrid models to integrate metabolism and reactor simulation in order to facilitate knowledge-based scale transfer of phototrophic bioprocesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Morschett
- IBG-1: Biotechnology, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Varun Loomba
- IBG-1: Biotechnology, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany.,IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Gregor Huber
- IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wiechert
- IBG-1: Biotechnology, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Eric von Lieres
- IBG-1: Biotechnology, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Marco Oldiges
- IBG-1: Biotechnology, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany.,Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Gernigon V, Chekroun MA, Cockx A, Guiraud P, Morchain J. How Mixing and Light Heterogeneity Impact the Overall Growth Rate in Photobioreactors. Chem Eng Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201900102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Gernigon
- University of Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSALISBP 135 avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Mohammed A. Chekroun
- University of Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSALISBP 135 avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Arnaud Cockx
- University of Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSALISBP 135 avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Pascal Guiraud
- University of Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSALISBP 135 avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Jérôme Morchain
- University of Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSALISBP 135 avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse France
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20
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Luzi G, McHardy C, Lindenberger C, Rauh C, Delgado A. Comparison between different strategies for the realization of flashing-light effects – Pneumatic mixing and flashing illumination. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.101404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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21
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Sabri LS, Sultan AJ, Al-Dahhan MH. Mapping of microalgae culturing via radioactive particle tracking. Chem Eng Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Levasseur W, Taidi B, Lacombe R, Perré P, Pozzobon V. Impact of seconds to minutes photoperiods on Chlorella vulgaris growth rate and chlorophyll a and b content. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Papacek S, Jablonsky J, Petera K. Advanced integration of fluid dynamics and photosynthetic reaction kinetics for microalgae culture systems. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2018; 12:93. [PMID: 30458763 PMCID: PMC6245592 DOI: 10.1186/s12918-018-0611-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Photosynthetic microalgae have been in the spotlight of biotechnological production (biofuels, lipids, etc), however, current barriers in mass cultivation of microalgae are limiting its successful industrialization. Therefore, a mathematical model integrating both the biological and hydrodynamical parts of the cultivation process may improve our understanding of relevant phenomena, leading to further optimization of the microalgae cultivation. Results We introduce a unified multidisciplinary simulation tool for microalgae culture systems, particularly the photobioreactors. Our approach describes changes of cell growth determined by dynamics of heterogeneous environmental conditions such as irradiation and mixing of the culture. Presented framework consists of (i) a simplified model of microalgae growth in a culture system (the advection-diffusion-reaction system within a phenomenological model of photosynthesis and photoinhibition), (ii) the fluid dynamics (Navier-Stokes equations), and (iii) the irradiance field description (Beer-Lambert law). To validate the method, a simple case study leading to hydrodynamically induced fluctuating light conditions was chosen. The integration of computational fluid dynamics (ANSYS Fluent) revealed the inner property of the system, the flashing light enhancement phenomenon, known from experiments. Conclusion Our physically accurate model of microalgae culture naturally exhibits features of real system, can be applied to any geometry of microalgae mass cultivation and thus is suitable for biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stepan Papacek
- Institute of Complex Systems, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zámek 136, 373 33 Nové Hrady, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Jablonsky
- Institute of Complex Systems, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zámek 136, 373 33 Nové Hrady, Czech Republic.
| | - Karel Petera
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technická 4, Prague, 160 00, Czech Republic
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24
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Gao X, Kong B, Vigil RD. Simulation of algal photobioreactors: recent developments and challenges. Biotechnol Lett 2018; 40:1311-1327. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-018-2595-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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25
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Gao X, Kong B, Vigil RD. Multiphysics simulation of algal growth in an airlift photobioreactor: Effects of fluid mixing and shear stress. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 251:75-83. [PMID: 29272771 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A multiphysics model has been developed to predict the effects of fluid mixing and shear stress on microalgal growth in an airlift photobioreactor. The model integrates multiphase flow dynamics, radiation transport, shear stress, and algal growth kinetics using an Eulerian approach. The model is first validated by comparing its predictions with experimental data, and then the radiation transport and algal growth kinetics submodels are added to predict biomass accumulation under different flow conditions. The simulations correctly predict biomass growth curves for a wide range of superficial gas flow rates and demonstrate that biomass productivity increases with increased gas flow rate due to better light delivery to microorganisms. However, at the higher gas flow rates considered, shear stress on microorganisms inhibits biomass growth. Lastly, it is shown that the Eulerian approach used here provides a less cumbersome computational approach and provides better predictions than the circulation time and Lagrangian approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Gao
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States.
| | - Bo Kong
- Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - R Dennis Vigil
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States.
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26
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Pozzobon V, Perre P. Han’s model parameters for microalgae grown under intermittent illumination: Determined using particle swarm optimization. J Theor Biol 2018; 437:29-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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27
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Solimeno A, García J. Microalgae-bacteria models evolution: From microalgae steady-state to integrated microalgae-bacteria wastewater treatment models - A comparative review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 607-608:1136-1150. [PMID: 28732395 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The search for environmentally neutral alternative fuels had revived the interest for microalgae-bacteria wastewater treatment systems. The potential achieving of bioproducts from microalgae biomass has also greatly contributed. The reactions that occur in these systems are complex, and the degree of scientific knowledge is still scarce compared to that of conventional bacteria wastewater treatments. Mathematical models offer a great opportunity to study the simultaneous effect of the multiple factors affecting microalgae and bacteria, thus allowing for the prediction of final biomass production, and contributing to the system design optimization in terms of operation and control. During the last decades, numerous models describing microalgae growth have been proposed. However, a lower number of integral models considering microalgae as well as bacteria is available. In this paper, the evolution of microalgae models from simple steady-state models (usually dependent on one factor) to more complex dynamic models (with two or more factors) has been revised. A summary of integrated microalgae-bacteria models has been reviewed, outlining their main features and presenting their processes and value parameters. Eventually, a critical discussion on integrated models has been put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Solimeno
- GEMMA - Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, c/Jordi Girona, 1-3, Building D1, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan García
- GEMMA - Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, c/Jordi Girona, 1-3, Building D1, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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Graham PJ, Nguyen B, Burdyny T, Sinton D. A penalty on photosynthetic growth in fluctuating light. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12513. [PMID: 28970553 PMCID: PMC5624943 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12923-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluctuating light is the norm for photosynthetic organisms, with a wide range of frequencies (0.00001 to 10 Hz) owing to diurnal cycles, cloud cover, canopy shifting and mixing; with broad implications for climate change, agriculture and bioproduct production. Photosynthetic growth in fluctuating light is generally considered to improve with increasing fluctuation frequency. Here we demonstrate that the regulation of photosynthesis imposes a penalty on growth in fluctuating light for frequencies in the range of 0.01 to 0.1 Hz (organisms studied: Synechococcus elongatus and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii). We provide a comprehensive sweep of frequencies and duty cycles. In addition, we develop a 2nd order model that identifies the source of the penalty to be the regulation of the Calvin cycle – present at all frequencies but compensated at high frequencies by slow kinetics of RuBisCO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Percival J Graham
- University of Toronto Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Toronto, Canada
| | - Brian Nguyen
- University of Toronto Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Toronto, Canada
| | - Thomas Burdyny
- University of Toronto Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Toronto, Canada
| | - David Sinton
- University of Toronto Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Toronto, Canada.
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29
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Bernardi A, Nikolaou A, Meneghesso A, Chachuat B, Morosinotto T, Bezzo F. Semi-empirical modeling of microalgae photosynthesis in different acclimation states – Application to N. gaditana. J Biotechnol 2017; 259:63-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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30
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Rudnicki P, Gao X, Kong B, Vigil RD. A comparative study of photosynthetic unit models for algal growth rate and fluorescence prediction under light/dark cycles. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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Fernandes BD, Mota A, Geada P, Oliveira JL, Teixeira JA, Vasconcelos V, Vicente AA. Development of a novel user-friendly platform to couple light regime characterization with particle tracking - cells' light history determination during phototrophic cultivations. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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32
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Gao X, Kong B, Dennis Vigil R. Comprehensive computational model for combining fluid hydrodynamics, light transport and biomass growth in a Taylor vortex algal photobioreactor: Eulerian approach. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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33
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Gao X, Kong B, Vigil RD. Comprehensive computational model for combining fluid hydrodynamics, light transport and biomass growth in a Taylor vortex algal photobioreactor: Lagrangian approach. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 224:523-530. [PMID: 27839859 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.10.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive quantitative model incorporating the effects of fluid flow patterns, light distribution, and algal growth kinetics on biomass growth rate is developed in order to predict the performance of a Taylor vortex algal photobioreactor for culturing Chlorella vulgaris. A commonly used Lagrangian strategy for coupling the various factors influencing algal growth was employed whereby results from computational fluid dynamics and radiation transport simulations were used to compute numerous microorganism light exposure histories, and this information in turn was used to estimate the global biomass specific growth rate. The simulations provide good quantitative agreement with experimental data and correctly predict the trend in reactor performance as a key reactor operating parameter is varied (inner cylinder rotation speed). However, biomass growth curves are consistently over-predicted and potential causes for these over-predictions and drawbacks of the Lagrangian approach are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Gao
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Bo Kong
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - R Dennis Vigil
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States.
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34
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35
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Jones SM, Brighton MB, Harrison ST. Exploring the tension between energy consumption, light provision and CO2 mass transfer through varying gas velocity in the airlift bioreactor. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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36
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Amini H, Wang L, Shahbazi A. Effects of harvesting cell density, medium depth and environmental factors on biomass and lipid productivities of Chlorella vulgaris grown in swine wastewater. Chem Eng Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2016.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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37
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Microalgae growth kinetic model based on the PSII quantum yield and its utilization in the operational curves construction. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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38
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Brindley C, Jiménez-Ruíz N, Acién F, Fernández-Sevilla J. Light regime optimization in photobioreactors using a dynamic photosynthesis model. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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39
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Bernardi A, Nikolaou A, Meneghesso A, Morosinotto T, Chachuat B, Bezzo F. High-Fidelity Modelling Methodology of Light-Limited Photosynthetic Production in Microalgae. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152387. [PMID: 27055271 PMCID: PMC4824504 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Reliable quantitative description of light-limited growth in microalgae is key to improving the design and operation of industrial production systems. This article shows how the capability to predict photosynthetic processes can benefit from a synergy between mathematical modelling and lab-scale experiments using systematic design of experiment techniques. A model of chlorophyll fluorescence developed by the authors [Nikolaou et al., J Biotechnol 194:91-99, 2015] is used as starting point, whereby the representation of non-photochemical-quenching (NPQ) process is refined for biological consistency. This model spans multiple time scales ranging from milliseconds to hours, thus calling for a combination of various experimental techniques in order to arrive at a sufficiently rich data set and determine statistically meaningful estimates for the model parameters. The methodology is demonstrated for the microalga Nannochloropsis gaditana by combining pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) fluorescence, photosynthesis rate and antenna size measurements. The results show that the calibrated model is capable of accurate quantitative predictions under a wide range of transient light conditions. Moreover, this work provides an experimental validation of the link between fluorescence and photosynthesis-irradiance (PI) curves which had been theoricized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bernardi
- CAPE-Lab (Computer-Aided Process Engineering Laboratory) and PAR-Lab (Padova Algae Research Laboratory), Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Andreas Nikolaou
- Centre for Process Systems Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Meneghesso
- PAR-Lab (Padova Algae Research Laboratory), Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Tomas Morosinotto
- PAR-Lab (Padova Algae Research Laboratory), Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Benoît Chachuat
- Centre for Process Systems Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fabrizio Bezzo
- CAPE-Lab (Computer-Aided Process Engineering Laboratory) and PAR-Lab (Padova Algae Research Laboratory), Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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40
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Pruvost J, Le Borgne F, Artu A, Cornet JF, Legrand J. Industrial Photobioreactors and Scale-Up Concepts. PHOTOBIOREACTION ENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ache.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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41
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Yarnold J, Ross IL, Hankamer B. Photoacclimation and productivity of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii grown in fluctuating light regimes which simulate outdoor algal culture conditions. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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42
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He L, Wu SG, Wan N, Reding AC, Tang YJ. Simulating cyanobacterial phenotypes by integrating flux balance analysis, kinetics, and a light distribution function. Microb Cell Fact 2015; 14:206. [PMID: 26705097 PMCID: PMC5574461 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-015-0396-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-scale models (GSMs) are widely used to predict cyanobacterial phenotypes in photobioreactors (PBRs). However, stoichiometric GSMs mainly focus on fluxome that result in maximal yields. Cyanobacterial metabolism is controlled by both intracellular enzymes and photobioreactor conditions. To connect both intracellular and extracellular information and achieve a better understanding of PBRs productivities, this study integrates a genome-scale metabolic model of Synechocystis 6803 with growth kinetics, cell movements, and a light distribution function. The hybrid platform not only maps flux dynamics in cells of sub-populations but also predicts overall production titer and rate in PBRs. RESULTS Analysis of the integrated GSM demonstrates several results. First, cyanobacteria are capable of reaching high biomass concentration (>20 g/L in 21 days) in PBRs without light and CO2 mass transfer limitations. Second, fluxome in a single cyanobacterium may show stochastic changes due to random cell movements in PBRs. Third, insufficient light due to cell self-shading can activate the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway in subpopulation cells. Fourth, the model indicates that the removal of glycogen synthesis pathway may not improve cyanobacterial bio-production in large-size PBRs, because glycogen can support cell growth in the dark zones. Based on experimental data, the integrated GSM estimates that Synechocystis 6803 in shake flask conditions has a photosynthesis efficiency of ~2.7 %. CONCLUSIONS The multiple-scale integrated GSM, which examines both intracellular and extracellular domains, can be used to predict production yield/rate/titer in large-size PBRs. More importantly, genetic engineering strategies predicted by a traditional GSM may work well only in optimal growth conditions. In contrast, the integrated GSM may reveal mutant physiologies in diverse bioreactor conditions, leading to the design of robust strains with high chances of success in industrial settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian He
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
| | - Stephen G Wu
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
| | - Ni Wan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
| | - Adrienne C Reding
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Wooster, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA.
| | - Yinjie J Tang
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
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43
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Solimeno A, Samsó R, Uggetti E, Sialve B, Steyer JP, Gabarró A, García J. New mechanistic model to simulate microalgae growth. ALGAL RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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44
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Gargano I, Olivieri G, Spasiano D, Andreozzi R, Pollio A, Marotta R, D’Ambrosio N, Marzocchella A. Kinetic characterization of the photosynthetic reaction centres in microalgae by means of fluorescence methodology. J Biotechnol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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45
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Olivieri G, Gargiulo L, Lettieri P, Mazzei L, Salatino P, Marzocchella A. Photobioreactors for microalgal cultures: A Lagrangian model coupling hydrodynamics and kinetics. Biotechnol Prog 2015; 31:1259-72. [PMID: 26148307 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Closed photobioreactors have to be optimized in terms of light utilization and overall photosynthesis rate. A simple model coupling the hydrodynamics and the photosynthesis kinetics has been proposed to analyze the photosynthesis dynamics due to the continuous shuttle of microalgae between dark and lighted zones of the photobioreactor. Microalgal motion has been described according to a stochastic Lagrangian approach adopting the turbulence model suitable for the photobioreactor configuration (single vs. two-phase flows). Effects of light path, biomass concentration, turbulence level and irradiance have been reported in terms of overall photosynthesis rate. Different irradiation strategies (internal, lateral and rounding) and several photobioreactor configurations (flat, tubular, bubble column, airlift) have been investigated. Photobioreactor configurations and the operating conditions to maximize the photosynthesis rate have been pointed out. Results confirmed and explained the common experimental observation that high concentrated cultures are not photoinhibited at high irradiance level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Olivieri
- Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6700AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II,", P.le V. Tecchio, 80, 80125, Napoli, Italy
| | - Luigi Gargiulo
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, University College of London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, U.K
| | - Paola Lettieri
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, University College of London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, U.K
| | - Luca Mazzei
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, University College of London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, U.K
| | - Piero Salatino
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II,", P.le V. Tecchio, 80, 80125, Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Marzocchella
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II,", P.le V. Tecchio, 80, 80125, Napoli, Italy
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46
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Theoretical investigation of microalgae culture in the light changing conditions of solar photobioreactor production and comparison with cyanobacteria. ALGAL RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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47
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Takache H, Pruvost J, Marec H. Investigation of light/dark cycles effects on the photosynthetic growth of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in conditions representative of photobioreactor cultivation. ALGAL RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2015.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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48
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Kmet T, Kmetova M. Adaptive critic design and Hopfield neural network based simulation of time delayed photosynthetic production and prey–predator model. Inf Sci (N Y) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ins.2014.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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49
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Bernardi A, Perin G, Sforza E, Galvanin F, Morosinotto T, Bezzo F. An Identifiable State Model To Describe Light Intensity Influence on Microalgae Growth. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014; 53:6738-6749. [PMID: 25678739 PMCID: PMC4311933 DOI: 10.1021/ie500523z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Revised: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite the high potential as feedstock
for the production of fuels
and chemicals, the industrial cultivation of microalgae still exhibits
many issues. Yield in microalgae cultivation systems is limited by
the solar energy that can be harvested. The availability of reliable
models representing key phenomena affecting algae growth may help
designing and optimizing effective production systems at an industrial
level. In this work the complex influence of different light regimes
on seawater alga Nannochloropsis salina growth is
represented by first principles models. Experimental data such as in vivo fluorescence measurements are employed to develop
the model. The proposed model allows description of all growth curves
and fluorescence data in a reliable way. The model structure is assessed
and modified in order to guarantee the model identifiability and the
estimation of its parametric set in a robust and reliable way.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bernardi
- CAPE-Lab-Computer Aided Process Engineering Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova , via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Padua, Italy ; PAR-Lab-Padova Algae Research Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - G Perin
- PAR-Lab-Padova Algae Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Padova , via U. Bassi 58 B, 35131 Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - E Sforza
- PAR-Lab-Padova Algae Research Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - F Galvanin
- CAPE-Lab-Computer Aided Process Engineering Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova , via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - T Morosinotto
- PAR-Lab-Padova Algae Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Padova , via U. Bassi 58 B, 35131 Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - F Bezzo
- CAPE-Lab-Computer Aided Process Engineering Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova , via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Padua, Italy ; PAR-Lab-Padova Algae Research Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Padua, Italy
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50
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Hoekema S, Rinzema A, Tramper J, Wijffels RH, Janssen M. Deceleration-stats save much time during phototrophic culture optimization. Biotechnol Bioeng 2013; 111:792-802. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiaan Hoekema
- Bioprocess Engineering; Wageningen University; P.O. Box 8129 6700 EV Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Arjen Rinzema
- Bioprocess Engineering; Wageningen University; P.O. Box 8129 6700 EV Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Johannes Tramper
- Bioprocess Engineering; Wageningen University; P.O. Box 8129 6700 EV Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - René H. Wijffels
- Bioprocess Engineering; Wageningen University; P.O. Box 8129 6700 EV Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Janssen
- Bioprocess Engineering; Wageningen University; P.O. Box 8129 6700 EV Wageningen The Netherlands
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