1
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Conformational control of morphology for perylene diimide dimer as electron transporting material at perovskite surface. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2023.114705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
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2
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Energy Transfer in Supramolecular Calix[4]arene – Perylene Bisimide Dye Light Harvesting Building Blocks: Resolving Loss Processes with Simultaneous Target Analysis. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpap.2022.100154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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3
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Ravat P, Saal F. Imide-Functionalized Helical PAHs: A Step towards New Chiral Functional Materials. Synlett 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1616-5643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAttachment of cyclic imide groups to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) leads to fascinating electronic and luminescence properties, with rylene diimides being a representative example. The close to unity fluorescence quantum yields and electron-acceptor properties render them suitable for application in organic electronics and photovoltaics. Recent reports show that, in line with planar PAHs, the imide functionalization has also endowed helical three-dimensional PAHs with similar beneficial photophysical properties. In this article, we have summarized the state-of-the-art research developments in the field of helicene–imide hybrid functional molecules, with a particular focus on synthesis, (chir)optical and redox properties, and applications in electronics. Additionally, we have highlighted our recent work, introducing a novel family of functional chiral molecules, namely, [n]helicene diimides, as three-dimensional relatives of rylene diimides.
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4
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Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Song KH, Lin W, Sun C, Schatz GC, Zhang HF. Investigating Single-Molecule Fluorescence Spectral Heterogeneity of Rhodamines Using High-Throughput Single-Molecule Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:3914-3921. [PMID: 33861598 PMCID: PMC8607629 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally investigated several intramolecular coordinate and environmental changes as potential causes of single-molecule fluorescence spectral heterogeneities (smFSH). We developed a high-throughput single-molecule spectroscopy method to analyze more than 5000 single-molecule emission spectra from each of 9 commonly used fluorophores with different structural rigidities and deposited on substrates with different polarities. We observed an unexpectedly high smFSH from structurally rigid Rhodamine B compared with a structurally flexible Cyanine dye-Alexa Fluor 647. Based on experimentally measured smFSH, we ruled out the system's noise uncertainty, single-molecule spectral diffusion, and environmental polarity as the primary causes of the high smFSH. We found that the rotational flexibility of N,N-dialkylated groups contributed to the smFSH. With the high smFSH observed in structurally more rigid model fluorophores, we speculated that other intramolecular coordinate and environmental changes might also contribute to the high smFSH in Rhodamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL60208, United States
- Corresponding Author:
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL60208, United States
| | - Ki-Hee Song
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL60208, United States
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL60208, United States
| | - Cheng Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL60208, United States
| | - George C. Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL60208, United States
| | - Hao F. Zhang
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL60208, United States
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5
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Zhang G, Rocha S, Lu G, Yuan H, Uji-i H, Floudas GA, Müllen K, Xiao L, Hofkens J, Debroye E. Spatially and Temporally Resolved Heterogeneities in a Miscible Polymer Blend. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:23931-23939. [PMID: 32984713 PMCID: PMC7513360 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mapping the spatial and temporal heterogeneities in miscible polymer blends is critical for understanding and further improving their material properties. However, a complete picture on the heterogeneous dynamics is often obscured in ensemble measurements. Herein, the spatial and temporal heterogeneities in fully miscible polystyrene/oligostyrene blend films are investigated by monitoring the rotational diffusion of embedded individual probe molecules using defocused wide-field fluorescence microscopy. In the same blend film, three significantly different types of dynamical behaviors (referred to as modes) of the probe molecules can be observed at the same time, namely, immobile, continuously rotating, and intermittently rotating probe molecules. This reveals a prominent spatial heterogeneity in local dynamics at the nanometer scale. In addition to that, temporal heterogeneity is uncovered by the nonexponential characteristic of the rotational autocorrelation functions of single-molecule probes. Moreover, the occurrence probabilities of these different modes strongly depend on the polystyrene: oligostyrene ratios in the blend films. Remarkably, some probe molecules switch between the continuous and intermittent rotational modes at elevated temperature, indicating a possible alteration in local dynamics that is triggered by the dynamic heterogeneity in the blends. Although some of these findings can be discussed by the self-concentration model and the results provided by ensemble averaging techniques (e.g., dielectric spectroscopy), there are implications that go beyond current models of blend dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofeng Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute
of Laser Spectroscopy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme
Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
- Department
of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Susana Rocha
- Department
of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Gang Lu
- Department
of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
- Institute
of Advanced Materials & Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Haifeng Yuan
- Department
of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Hiroshi Uji-i
- Department
of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
- Research
Institute for Electronic Science (RIES), Hokkaido University, N20W10, Sapporo City 001-0020, Japan
| | - George A. Floudas
- Department
of Physics, University of Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Max
Plank Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz D-55128, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max
Plank Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz D-55128, Germany
| | - Liantuan Xiao
- State
Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute
of Laser Spectroscopy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme
Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Johan Hofkens
- Department
of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
- Max
Plank Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz D-55128, Germany
| | - Elke Debroye
- Department
of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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6
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Thompson S, Pappas D. Core Size does not Affect Blinking Behavior of Dye-Doped Ag@SiO 2 Core-Shell Nanoparticles for Super-Resolution Microscopy. RSC Adv 2020; 10:8735-8743. [PMID: 35356036 PMCID: PMC8963217 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10421f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dye-doped nanoparticles have been investigated as bright, luminescent labels for super-resolution microscopy via localization methods. One key factor in super-resolution is the size of the luminescent label, which in some cases results in a frame shift between the label target and the label itself. Ag@SiO2 core–shell nanoparticles, doped with organic fluorophores, have shown promise as super-resolution labels. One key aspect of these nanoparticles is that they blink under certain conditions, allowing super-resolution localization with a single excitation source in aqueous solution. In this work, we investigated the effects of both the Ag core and the silica (SiO2) shell on the self-blinking properties of these nanoparticles. Both core size and shell thickness were manipulated by altering the reaction time to determine core and shell effects on photoblinking. Size and shell thickness were investigated individually under both dry and hydrated conditions and were then doped with a 1 mM solution of Rhodamine 110 for analysis. We observed that the cores themselves are weakly luminescent and are responsible for the blinking observed in the fully-synthesized metal-enhanced fluorescence nanoparticles. There was no statistically significant difference in photoblinking behavior—both intensity and duty cycle—with decreasing core size. This observation was used to synthesize smaller nanoparticles ranging from approximately 93 nm to 110 nm as measured using dynamic light scattering. The blinking particles were localized via super-resolution microscopy and show single particle self-blinking behavior. As the core size did not impact blinking performance or intensity, the nanoparticles can instead be tuned for optimal size without sacrificing luminescence properties. Dye-doped nanoparticles have been investigated as bright, luminescent labels for super-resolution microscopy via localization methods.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- S Thompson
- Texas Tech University Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Dimitri Pappas
- Texas Tech University Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lubbock, TX, USA
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7
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Chakraborty C, Thompson S, Lyons VJ, Snoeyink C, Pappas D. Modulation and study of photoblinking behavior in dye doped silver-silica core-shell nanoparticles for localization super-resolution microscopy. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:455704. [PMID: 31357181 PMCID: PMC7278086 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab368d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Blinking of fluorescent nanoparticles is a compelling phenomenon with widely debated mechanisms. The ability to inhibit or control blinking is important for applications in the field of optical, semiconductor and fluorescent imaging. Self-blinking nanomaterials are also attractive labels for localization-based super-resolution microscopy. In this work, we have synthesized silver core silica nanoparticles (Ag@SiO2) doped with Rhodamine 110 and studied the parameters that affect blinking. We found that under nitrogen rich conditions the nanoparticles shifted towards higher duty cycles. Also, it was found that hydrated nanoparticles showed a less drastic response to nitrogen rich conditions as compared to dried nanoparticles, indicating that surrounding matrix played a role in the response of nanoparticles to molecular oxygen. Further, the blinking is not a multi-body phenomena, super-resolution localization combined with intensity histogram analysis confirmed that single particles are emitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chumki Chakraborty
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, United States of America
- Both authors contributed equally to this work
| | - S Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, United States of America
- Both authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Veronica J Lyons
- Department of Chemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, United States of America
| | - Craig Snoeyink
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, United States of America
| | - Dimitri Pappas
- Department of Chemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, United States of America
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8
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Krause S, Cerretani C, Vosch T. Disentangling optically activated delayed fluorescence and upconversion fluorescence in DNA stabilized silver nanoclusters. Chem Sci 2019; 10:5326-5331. [PMID: 31191889 PMCID: PMC6540914 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc00865a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Optically activated delayed fluorescence (OADF) is a powerful tool for generating background-free, anti-Stokes fluorescence microscopy modalities. Recent findings, using DNA-stabilized silver nanoclusters (DNA-AgNCs), indicate that OADF is usually accompanied by a dark state-mediated consecutive photon absorption process leading to upconversion fluorescence (UCF). In this study, we disentangle the OADF and UCF process by means of wavelength-dependent NIR excitation spectroscopy. We demonstrate that, by appropriate choice of secondary NIR excitation wavelength, the dark state population can be preferentially depleted through OADF, minimizing the UCF contribution. These findings show that dark state depletion by OADF might enable background-free STED-like nanoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Krause
- Nanoscience Center , Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , Copenhagen 2100 , Denmark . ;
| | - Cecilia Cerretani
- Nanoscience Center , Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , Copenhagen 2100 , Denmark . ;
| | - Tom Vosch
- Nanoscience Center , Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , Copenhagen 2100 , Denmark . ;
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9
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Thyrhaug E, Krause S, Perri A, Cerullo G, Polli D, Vosch T, Hauer J. Single-molecule excitation-emission spectroscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:4064-4069. [PMID: 30770446 PMCID: PMC6410781 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1808290116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-molecule spectroscopy (SMS) provides a detailed view of individual emitter properties and local environments without having to resort to ensemble averaging. While the last several decades have seen substantial refinement of SMS techniques, recording excitation spectra of single emitters still poses a significant challenge. Here we address this problem by demonstrating simultaneous collection of fluorescence emission and excitation spectra using a compact common-path interferometer and broadband excitation, which is implemented as an extension of a standard SMS microscope. We demonstrate the technique by simultaneously collecting room-temperature excitation and emission spectra of individual terrylene diimide molecules and donor-acceptor dyads embedded in polystyrene. We analyze the resulting spectral parameters in terms of optical lineshape theory to obtain detailed information on the interactions of the emitters with their nanoscopic environment. This analysis finally reveals that environmental fluctuations between the donor and acceptor in the dyads are not correlated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erling Thyrhaug
- Dynamical Spectroscopy, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Stefan Krause
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Antonio Perri
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Giulio Cerullo
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Dario Polli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Tom Vosch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jürgen Hauer
- Dynamical Spectroscopy, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany;
- Photonics Institute, TU Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
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10
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Krause S, Carro-Temboury MR, Cerretani C, Vosch T. Probing heterogeneity of NIR induced secondary fluorescence from DNA-stabilized silver nanoclusters at the single molecule level. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:16316-16319. [PMID: 29888362 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp02584c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In this communication, we investigate optically activated delayed fluorescence (OADF) from DNA-stabilized silver nanoclusters (DNA-AgNCs) at the single molecule level, and we probe the heterogeneity in the primary fluorescence (PF) intensity, NIR induced secondary fluorescence (SF) intensity and SF/PF ratio. Our experiments reveal a heterogeneous distribution in the SF/PF ratio, indicating that engineering of DNA-AgNCs towards a high SF/PF ratio and high OADF signal for background-free imaging might be possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Krause
- Nanoscience Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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11
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Schill J, van Dun S, Pouderoijen MJ, Janssen HM, Milroy L, Schenning APHJ, Brunsveld L. Synthesis and Self-Assembly of Bay-Substituted Perylene Diimide Gemini-Type Surfactants as Off-On Fluorescent Probes for Lipid Bilayers. Chemistry 2018; 24:7734-7741. [PMID: 29569314 PMCID: PMC6001554 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Interest in bay-substituted perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxylic diimides (PDIs) for solution-based applications is growing due to their improved solubility and altered optical and electronic properties compared to unsubstituted PDIs. Synthetic routes to 1,12-bay-substituted PDIs have been very demanding due to issues with steric hindrance and poor regioselectivity. Here we report a simple one-step regioselective and high yielding synthesis of a 1,12-dihydroxylated PDI derivative that can subsequently be alkylated in a straightforward fashion to produce nonplanar 1,12-dialkoxy PDIs. These PDIs show a large Stokes shift, which is specifically useful for bioimaging applications. A particular cationic PDI gemini-type surfactant has been developed that forms nonfluorescent self-assembled particles in water ("off state"), which exerts a high fluorescence upon incorporation into lipophilic bilayers ("on state"). Therefore, this probe is appealing as a highly sensitive fluorescent labelling marker with a low background signal for imaging artificial and cellular membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurgen Schill
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of, TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Sam van Dun
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of, TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | | | | | - Lech‐Gustav Milroy
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of, TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Albertus P. H. J. Schenning
- Stimuli-responsive Functional Materials and Devices and Institute for, Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Luc Brunsveld
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of, TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
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12
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Nuin E, Lloret V, Amsharov K, Hauke F, Abellán G, Hirsch A. Isomerically Pure Star-Shaped Triphenylene-Perylene Hybrids Involving Highly Extended π-Conjugation. Chemistry 2018; 24:4671-4679. [PMID: 29334163 PMCID: PMC5947138 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of a new type of a highly conjugated heterocyclic π‐chromophore, consisting of a central triphenylene core fused with three perylene monoimide units (star‐shaped molecules), is described. By judicious bay functionalization with tert‐butylphenoxy substituents, aggregation was completely prevented by using 1,1,2,2‐tetrachloroethane, allowing for a straightforward purification and, for the very first time, the complete separation of the constitutional isomers by HPLC. Both isomers can be easily distinguished by means of several conventional spectroscopic techniques. Furthermore, we have illustrated the absence of supramolecular aggregates and enhanced processability by noncovalent functionalization of graphene substrates, showing an outstanding homogeneity and demonstrating a different doping behavior in both isomers, making it possible to distinguish them by Raman spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edurne Nuin
- Chair of Organic Chemistry II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 42, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Vicent Lloret
- Chair of Organic Chemistry II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 42, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.,Joint Institute of Advanced Materials and Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Dr.-Mack-Str. 81, 90762, Fürth, Germany
| | - Konstantin Amsharov
- Chair of Organic Chemistry II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 42, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank Hauke
- Chair of Organic Chemistry II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 42, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.,Joint Institute of Advanced Materials and Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Dr.-Mack-Str. 81, 90762, Fürth, Germany
| | - Gonzalo Abellán
- Chair of Organic Chemistry II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 42, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.,Joint Institute of Advanced Materials and Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Dr.-Mack-Str. 81, 90762, Fürth, Germany
| | - Andreas Hirsch
- Chair of Organic Chemistry II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 42, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.,Joint Institute of Advanced Materials and Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Dr.-Mack-Str. 81, 90762, Fürth, Germany
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13
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Fennel F, Gershberg J, Stolte M, Würthner F. Fluorescence quantum yields of dye aggregates: a showcase example based on self-assembled perylene bisimide dimers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:7612-7620. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp07778e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Two measurement approaches for the precise quantum yield determination of supramolecular aggregates in highly concentrated solutions are presented and experimentally tested for an emissive perylene bisimide H-type aggregate with a quantum yield of 28%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Fennel
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) & Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI)
- Universität Würzburg
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Jana Gershberg
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Matthias Stolte
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) & Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI)
- Universität Würzburg
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
- Institut für Organische Chemie
| | - Frank Würthner
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) & Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI)
- Universität Würzburg
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
- Institut für Organische Chemie
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14
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Nagarajan K, Mallia AR, Muraleedharan K, Hariharan M. Enhanced intersystem crossing in core-twisted aromatics. Chem Sci 2016; 8:1776-1782. [PMID: 28694952 PMCID: PMC5477835 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc05126j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Core-twisted aromatics exhibit enhanced intersystem crossing upon photoexcitation when compared to their planar analogs.
We describe the design, bottom-up synthesis and X-ray single crystal structure of systematically twisted aromatics 1c and 2d for efficient intersystem crossing. Steric congestion at the cove region creates a nonplanar geometry that induces a significant yield of triplet excited states in the electron-poor core-twisted aromatics 1c and 2d. A systematic increase in the number of twisted regions in 1c and 2d results in a concomitant enhancement in the rate and yield of intersystem crossing, monitored using femtosecond and nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. Time-resolved absorption spectroscopic measurements display enhanced triplet quantum yields (ΦT = 10 ± 1% for 1c and ΦT = 30 ± 2% for 2d) in the twisted aromatics when compared to a negligible ΦT (<1%) in the planar analog 3c. Twist-induced spin–orbit coupling via activated out-of-plane C–H/C
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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C vibrations can facilitate the formation of triplet excited states in twisted aromatics 1c and 2d, in contrast to the negligible intersystem crossing in the planar analog 3c. The ease of synthesis, high solubility, access to triplet excited states and strong electron affinity make such imide functionalized core-twisted aromatics desirable materials for organic electronics such as solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalaivanan Nagarajan
- School of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM) , CET Campus, Sreekaryam , Thiruvananthapuram , Kerala 695 016 , India .
| | - Ajith R Mallia
- School of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM) , CET Campus, Sreekaryam , Thiruvananthapuram , Kerala 695 016 , India .
| | - Keerthi Muraleedharan
- School of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM) , CET Campus, Sreekaryam , Thiruvananthapuram , Kerala 695 016 , India .
| | - Mahesh Hariharan
- School of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM) , CET Campus, Sreekaryam , Thiruvananthapuram , Kerala 695 016 , India .
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15
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Streiter M, Krause S, von Borczyskowski C, Deibel C. Dynamics of Single-Molecule Stokes Shifts: Influence of Conformation and Environment. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:4281-4284. [PMID: 27733039 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b02102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report on time-dependent Stokes shift measurements of single molecules. Excitation and emission spectroscopy were applied to study the temporal Stokes shift evolution of single perylene diimide molecules embedded in a polymer matrix on the time scale of seconds. The Stokes shift varied between individual molecules as well as for single molecules undergoing different conformations and geometries. From the distribution and temporal evolution of Stokes shifts, we unravel the interplay of nanoenvironment and molecular conformation. We found that Stokes shift fluctuations are related to simultaneous and unidirectional shifts of both emission and excitation spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Streiter
- Institut für Physik, Technische Universität Chemnitz , 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Stefan Krause
- Institut für Physik, Technische Universität Chemnitz , 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
| | | | - Carsten Deibel
- Institut für Physik, Technische Universität Chemnitz , 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
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16
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Börner R, Kowerko D, Miserachs HG, Schaffer MF, Sigel RK. Metal ion induced heterogeneity in RNA folding studied by smFRET. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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17
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Wilma K, Issac A, Chen Z, Würthner F, Hildner R, Köhler J. Tracing Single Electrons in a Disordered Polymer Film at Room Temperature. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:1478-1483. [PMID: 27035727 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The transport of charges lies at the heart of essentially all modern (opto-) electronic devices. Although inorganic semiconductors built the basis for current technologies, organic materials have become increasingly important in recent years. However, organic matter is often highly disordered, which directly impacts the charge carrier dynamics. To understand and optimize device performance, detailed knowledge of the transport mechanisms of charge carriers in disordered matter is therefore of crucial importance. Here we report on the observation of the motion of single electrons within a disordered polymer film at room temperature, using single organic chromophores as probe molecules. The migration of a single electron gives rise to a varying electric field in its vicinity, which is registered via a shift of the emission spectra (Stark shift) of a chromophore. The spectral shifts allow us to determine the electron mobility and reveal for each nanoenvironment a distinct number of different possible electron-transfer pathways within the rugged energy landscape of the disordered polymer matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Wilma
- Experimental Physics IV and Bayreuth Institute for Macromolecular Research (BIMF), University of Bayreuth , 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Abey Issac
- Experimental Physics IV and Bayreuth Institute for Macromolecular Research (BIMF), University of Bayreuth , 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Zhijian Chen
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Richard Hildner
- Experimental Physics IV and Bayreuth Institute for Macromolecular Research (BIMF), University of Bayreuth , 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Jürgen Köhler
- Experimental Physics IV and Bayreuth Institute for Macromolecular Research (BIMF), University of Bayreuth , 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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18
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Kennes K, Baeten Y, Stappert S, Müllen K, Hofkens J, Van der Auweraer M, Vosch T, Fron E. Synthesis, Ensemble, and Single Molecule Characterization of a Diphenyl-Acetylene Linked Terrylenediimide Dimer. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:2333-42. [PMID: 26854818 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b10651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and the photophysical characterization at the ensemble and single molecule level of a terrylenediimide (TDI) dimer are reported. The spectroscopic experimental data are compared with those obtained for the corresponding model compound TDI. Steady-state and ps time-correlated single photon counting have shown that both chromophores in the TDI dimer are in the weak coupling regime allowing their interaction by Förster resonance energy transfer. Femtosecond transient absorption experiments showed an excitation power dependence of the fluorescence decay, which could indicate the occurrence of singlet-singlet annihilation. Single molecule intensity traces were investigated for the TDI dimer and suggested two intensity levels. For both intensity levels several parameters among which emission maximum, fluorescence decay times, antibunching, blinking off-times and rate of dark state formation were compared. The blinking analysis revealed that the yield of dark state formation is an order of magnitude higher when the two chromophores are still active compared to the case where one is photobleached. The off-times remain however similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen Kennes
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yannick Baeten
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sebastian Stappert
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Johan Hofkens
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mark Van der Auweraer
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tom Vosch
- Nano-Science Center/Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eduard Fron
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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19
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Piatkowski L, Gellings E, van Hulst NF. Broadband single-molecule excitation spectroscopy. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10411. [PMID: 26794035 PMCID: PMC4735816 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past 25 years, single-molecule spectroscopy has developed into a widely used tool in multiple disciplines of science. The diversity of routinely recorded emission spectra does underpin the strength of the single-molecule approach in resolving the heterogeneity and dynamics, otherwise hidden in the ensemble. In early cryogenic studies single molecules were identified by their distinct excitation spectra, yet measuring excitation spectra at room temperature remains challenging. Here we present a broadband Fourier approach that allows rapid recording of excitation spectra of individual molecules under ambient conditions and that is robust against blinking and bleaching. Applying the method we show that the excitation spectra of individual molecules exhibit an extreme distribution of solvatochromic shifts and distinct spectral shapes. Importantly, we demonstrate that the sensitivity and speed of the broadband technique is comparable to that of emission spectroscopy putting both techniques side-by-side in single-molecule spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Piatkowski
- ICFO—Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Esther Gellings
- ICFO—Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Niek F. van Hulst
- ICFO—Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
- ICREA—Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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20
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Pagoaga B, Mongin O, Caselli M, Vanossi D, Momicchioli F, Blanchard-Desce M, Lemercier G, Hoffmann N, Ponterini G. Optical and photophysical properties of anisole- and cyanobenzene-substituted perylene diimides. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:4924-41. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07758c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Substituent and solvent effects on the one- and two-photon absorption and the photophysical properties of eight bay-substituted perylene-diimides are reported and analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Pagoaga
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne
- ICMR UMR no. 7312
- 51687 Reims Cedex 2
- France
| | - Olivier Mongin
- Université Rennes 1
- UMR CNRS 6510
- Chimie et Photonique Moléculaires
- 35042 Rennes cedex
- France
| | - Monica Caselli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche
- Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia
- 41125 Modena
- Italy
| | - Davide Vanossi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche
- Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia
- 41125 Modena
- Italy
| | - Fabio Momicchioli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche
- Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia
- 41125 Modena
- Italy
| | | | - Gilles Lemercier
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne
- ICMR UMR no. 7312
- 51687 Reims Cedex 2
- France
| | - Norbert Hoffmann
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne
- ICMR UMR no. 7312
- 51687 Reims Cedex 2
- France
| | - Glauco Ponterini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita
- Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia
- 41125 Modena
- Italy
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21
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Markiewicz JT, Wudl F. Perylene, Oligorylenes, and Aza-Analogs. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:28063-85. [PMID: 26465638 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b02243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
An in-depth discussion of the properties of perylene is presented. Tuning the properties of perylene by introducing nitrogens is also explored. Finally, we do not discuss the synthesis and properties of oligorylenes functionalized with dicarboxyimide bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- John T Markiewicz
- Materials Research Lab, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California at Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Fred Wudl
- Materials Research Lab, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California at Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
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22
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Piatkowski L, Gellings E, van Hulst NF. Multicolour single molecule emission and excitation spectroscopy reveals extensive spectral shifts. Faraday Discuss 2015; 184:207-20. [PMID: 26407189 DOI: 10.1039/c5fd00107b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We explore the distribution and shape of single molecule spectra at room temperature, when embedded in a polymer host. Multicolour excitation and emission spectroscopy is implemented to capture the full inhomogeneous distribution. We observe dramatic spectral changes in a distribution of single quaterrylene diimide (QDI) molecules isolated in a PMMA matrix. The molecules are strongly blue shifted with respect to the ensemble absorption maximum and spread over a staggering 200 nm range. Despite these strong shifts, the shape of the emission spectra does not differ much between individual molecules. We demonstrate that a considerable number of molecules may be invisible in single molecule experiments, as they typically rely on only a single excitation wavelength, which predetermines which subensemble is probed in the experiment. Lastly, we make a first step towards single molecule excitation spectroscopy under ambient conditions, which allows us to determine the spectral range at which individual molecules absorb light most efficiently. We show how single molecule emission and excitation spectroscopies can complement each other and a combination of both techniques can help in understanding the origin of underlaying spectral properties of individual molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Piatkowski
- ICFO-Institut de Ciences Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain.
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23
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Kennes K, Baeten Y, Vosch T, Sempels W, Yordanov S, Stappert S, Chen L, Müllen K, Hofkens J, Van der Auweraer M, Fron E. Photophysical Investigation of Cyano-Substituted Terrylenediimide Derivatives. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:14662-74. [DOI: 10.1021/jp5104577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koen Kennes
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yannick Baeten
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tom Vosch
- Nano-Science
Center/Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken
5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Wouter Sempels
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stoyan Yordanov
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sebastian Stappert
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Long Chen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Johan Hofkens
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mark Van der Auweraer
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eduard Fron
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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24
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Liu H, Shen L, Cao Z, Li X. Covalently linked perylenetetracarboxylic diimide dimers and trimers with rigid “J-type” aggregation structure. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:16399-406. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp01002g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Stöttinger S, Hinze G, Diezemann G, Oesterling I, Müllen K, Basché T. Impact of local compressive stress on the optical transitions of single organic dye molecules. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 9:182-186. [PMID: 24463364 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2013.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The ability to mechanically control the optical properties of individual molecules is a grand challenge in nanoscience and could enable the manipulation of chemical reactivity at the single-molecule level. In the past, light has been used to alter the emission wavelength of individual molecules or modulate the energy transfer quantum yield between them. Furthermore, tensile stress has been applied to study the force dependence of protein folding/unfolding and of the chemistry and photochemistry of single molecules, although in these mechanical experiments the strength of the weakest bond limits the amount of applicable force. Here, we show that compressive stress modifies the photophysical properties of individual dye molecules. We use an atomic force microscope tip to prod individual molecules adsorbed on a surface and follow the effect of the applied force on the electronic states of the molecule by fluorescence spectroscopy. Applying a localized compressive force on an isolated molecule induces a stress that is redistributed throughout the structure. Accordingly, we observe reversible spectral shifts and even shifts that persist after retracting the microscope tip, which we attribute to transitions to metastable states. Using quantum-mechanical calculations, we show that these photophysical changes can be associated with transitions among the different possible conformers of the adsorbed molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Stöttinger
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Gerald Hinze
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Gregor Diezemann
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ingo Oesterling
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Basché
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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26
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Issac A, Hildner R, Hippius C, Würthner F, Köhler J. Stepwise decrease of fluorescence versus sequential photobleaching in a single multichromophoric system. ACS NANO 2014; 8:1708-1717. [PMID: 24444041 DOI: 10.1021/nn4060946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
For individual molecules from the newly synthesized calix[4]arene tethered perylene bisimide (PBI) trimer, we studied the emitted fluorescence intensity as a function of time. Owing to the zigzag arrangement of PBI dyes in these trimers, the polarization state of the emission provides directly information about the emitting subunit within the trimer. Interestingly, we observed emission from all neutral subunits within a trimer rather than exclusively from the subunit with the lowest site energy. This can be understood in terms of thermally activated uphill energy transfer that repopulates the higher energetic chromophores. Together with the simultaneously recorded polarization-resolved emission spectra, this reveals that the emission from a multichromophoric system is governed by a complex interplay between the temporal variations of the photophysical parameters of the subunits, bidirectional hopping processes within the trimer, and unavoidable photobleaching. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the typically observed stepwise decrease of the signal from a multichromophoric system does not necessarily reflect sequential bleaching of the individual chromophores within the macromolecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abey Issac
- Experimental Physics IV and Bayreuth Institute for Macromolecular Research (BIMF), University of Bayreuth , 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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27
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Brinks D, Hildner R, van Dijk EMHP, Stefani FD, Nieder JB, Hernando J, van Hulst NF. Ultrafast dynamics of single molecules. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:2476-91. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60269a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Room-temperature studies of single molecules at femtosecond timescales provide detailed observation and control of ultrafast electronic and vibrational dynamics of organic dyes and photosynthetic complexes, probing quantum dynamics at ambient conditions and elucidating its role in chemistry and biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daan Brinks
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques
- Mediterranean Technology Park
- 08860 Castelldefels, Spain
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Harvard University
| | - Richard Hildner
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques
- Mediterranean Technology Park
- 08860 Castelldefels, Spain
- Experimentalphysik IV
- Universität Bayreuth
| | | | - Fernando D. Stefani
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques
- Mediterranean Technology Park
- 08860 Castelldefels, Spain
- CIBION - Center for Bionanoscience Research
- CONICET
| | - Jana B. Nieder
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques
- Mediterranean Technology Park
- 08860 Castelldefels, Spain
| | - Jordi Hernando
- Dept. de Química
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Niek F. van Hulst
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques
- Mediterranean Technology Park
- 08860 Castelldefels, Spain
- ICREA - Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats
- , Spain
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28
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Liao Z, Hooley EN, Chen L, Stappert S, Müllen K, Vosch T. Green Emitting Photoproducts from Terrylene Diimide after Red Illumination. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:19180-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ja407431w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Liao
- Nano-Science
Center/Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken
5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emma N. Hooley
- Nano-Science
Center/Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken
5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Long Chen
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Stappert
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tom Vosch
- Nano-Science
Center/Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken
5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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29
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Fennel F, Wolter S, Xie Z, Plötz PA, Kühn O, Würthner F, Lochbrunner S. Biphasic Self-Assembly Pathways and Size-Dependent Photophysical Properties of Perylene Bisimide Dye Aggregates. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:18722-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ja409597x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Fennel
- Institut
für Physik, Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Steffen Wolter
- Institut
für Physik, Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Zengqi Xie
- Institut
für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Per-Arno Plötz
- Institut
für Physik, Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Oliver Kühn
- Institut
für Physik, Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut
für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
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30
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Maiti DK, Roy S, Datta A, Banerjee A. Aqueous fluoride ion sensing by a new perylenediimide derivative: Interaction between the hydrated fluoride and the aromatic molecule. Chem Phys Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2013.09.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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31
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Lin MJ, Schulze M, Radacki K, Würthner F. Transition metal complexes of axially chiral tetrathioether bay-substituted perylene bisimide dyes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:9107-9. [PMID: 23989100 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc45351k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nucleophilic substitution of 1,6,7,12-tetrachloro perylene bisimide (PBI) with n-butanethiol provided a novel, highly twisted PBI bearing four sulphur coordination sites at the bay positions, from which silver and palladium complexes were prepared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Jin Lin
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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32
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Börner R, Kowerko D, Krause S, von Borczyskowski C, Hübner CG. Efficient simultaneous fluorescence orientation, spectrum, and lifetime detection for single molecule dynamics. J Chem Phys 2013; 137:164202. [PMID: 23126703 DOI: 10.1063/1.4759108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on the simultaneous detection of the fluorescence lifetime, spectrum, and three-dimensional dipole orientation determination of single perylene diimide molecules deposited on a silica surface as a model system for studying fluorophore internal and orientational dynamics. We employ a multi-parameter detection scheme to demonstrate how jumps in the orientation of the molecule can be disentangled from spectral jumps, both leading to changes of the detected total fluorescence intensity. The fluorescence lifetime determined simultaneously from the same photons is also sensitive to the orientation of the dipole with respect to the interface between media with different refractive indices. The correlated changes of the lifetime and orientation we observe are in good agreement with theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Börner
- Institute of Physics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany.
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33
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Qi G, Jiang L, Zhao Y, Yang Y, Li X. Efficient collection of excitation energy from a linear-shaped weakly interacted perylenetetracarboxylic diimides array. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:17342-53. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp52941j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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34
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Riley EA, Hess CM, Pioquinto JRL, Kaminsky W, Kahr B, Reid PJ. Proton transfer and photoluminescence intermittency of single emitters in dyed crystals. J Phys Chem B 2012; 117:4313-24. [PMID: 22913588 DOI: 10.1021/jp306392e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The role of proton transfer in the photoluminescence intermittency (PI) of single molecules of violamine R (VR) overgrown in potassium acid phthalate (KAP) crystals is evaluated in comparisons of protonated (KAP) and deuterated (DKAP) mixed crystals between 23 and 60 °C. The PI is analyzed by the construction of cumulative distribution functions that are statistically compared. We find that the on- and off-interval duration distributions change with isotopic substitution consistent with proton transfer contributing to the PI of VR. The on- and off-interval duration distributions have distinct temperature dependencies consistent with different mechanisms for dark state production and decay. Additional evidence for proton-transfer is provided by distributions of single molecule emission-energy maxima that reflect emission from protonated and deprotonated VR. A mechanism for the PI of KAP is presented, where the dark state is assigned to formation of the colorless, leuco form of VR, formed by proton transfer from VR to the KAP lattice, and decay of the dark state involves ring-opening promoted by proton transfer from KAP to VR. The distributed kinetics for dark-state production and decay are modeled using a log-normal distribution for the PI data in preference to a power-law previously assumed. A discussion of the log-normal distribution with regards to PI and proton transfer is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin A Riley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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35
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Bian Z, Tachikawa T, Cui SC, Fujitsuka M, Majima T. Single-molecule charge transfer dynamics in dye-sensitized p-type NiO solar cells: influences of insulating Al2O3layers. Chem Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1sc00552a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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36
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Issac A, Hildner R, Ernst D, Hippius C, Würthner F, Köhler J. Single molecule studies of calix[4]arene-linked perylene bisimide dimers: relationship between blinking, lifetime and/or spectral fluctuations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:10789-98. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp41250k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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37
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Deres A, Floudas GA, Müllen K, Van der Auweraer M, De Schryver F, Enderlein J, Uji-i H, Hofkens J. The Origin of Heterogeneity of Polymer Dynamics near the Glass Temperature As Probed by Defocused Imaging. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma201449p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ania Deres
- Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - George A. Floudas
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece, and Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Biomedical Research Institute
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mark Van der Auweraer
- Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Frans De Schryver
- Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Jörg Enderlein
- Drittes Physikalisches Institut, Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Uji-i
- Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Johan Hofkens
- Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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38
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Lütke Eversloh C, Liu Z, Müller B, Stangl M, Li C, Müllen K. Core-Extended Terrylene Tetracarboxdiimide: Synthesis and Chiroptical Characterization. Org Lett 2011; 13:5528-31. [DOI: 10.1021/ol202254c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Lütke Eversloh
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P.R. China, and Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, J. Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim Becherweg 30, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Zhihong Liu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P.R. China, and Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, J. Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim Becherweg 30, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Beate Müller
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P.R. China, and Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, J. Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim Becherweg 30, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Stangl
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P.R. China, and Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, J. Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim Becherweg 30, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Chen Li
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P.R. China, and Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, J. Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim Becherweg 30, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P.R. China, and Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, J. Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim Becherweg 30, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Esfandiari NM, Wang Y, Bass JY, Blum SA. Deconvoluting Subensemble Chemical Reaction Kinetics of Platinum–Sulfur Ligand Exchange Detected with Single-Molecule Fluorescence Microscopy. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:9201-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ic2007952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Melody Esfandiari
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Jonathan Y. Bass
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Suzanne A. Blum
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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40
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Krüger TPJ, Ilioaia C, van Grondelle R. Fluorescence Intermittency from the Main Plant Light-Harvesting Complex: Resolving Shifts between Intensity Levels. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:5071-82. [DOI: 10.1021/jp201609c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tjaart P. J. Krüger
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cristian Ilioaia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rienk van Grondelle
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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41
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Krüger TPJ, Ilioaia C, Valkunas L, van Grondelle R. Fluorescence Intermittency from the Main Plant Light-Harvesting Complex: Sensitivity to the Local Environment. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:5083-95. [DOI: 10.1021/jp109833x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tjaart P. J. Krüger
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cristian Ilioaia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leonas Valkunas
- Institute of Physics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Savanoriu 231, LT-02300 Vilnius, Lithuania and Department of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio 9, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rienk van Grondelle
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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42
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Krause S, Kowerko D, Börner R, Hübner CG, von Borczyskowski C. Spectral Diffusion of Single Molecules in a Hierarchical Energy Landscape. Chemphyschem 2011; 12:303-12. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201000678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2010] [Revised: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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43
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Ambrosek D, Marciniak H, Lochbrunner S, Tatchen J, Li XQ, Würthner F, Kühn O. Photophysical and quantum chemical study on a J-aggregate forming perylene bisimide monomer. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:17649-57. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21624d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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44
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Krause S, Aramendia PF, Täuber D, von Borczyskowski C. Freezing single molecule dynamics on interfaces and in polymers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:1754-61. [PMID: 21152494 DOI: 10.1039/c0cp01713b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Krause
- Institute of Physics and nanoMA (Center for nanostructured Materials and Analysis), Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany.
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45
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Riley EA, Bingham C, Bott ED, Kahr B, Reid PJ. Two mechanisms for fluorescence intermittency of single violamine R molecules. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:1879-87. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp01716g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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46
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Fron E, Puhl L, Oesterling I, Li C, Müllen K, De Schryver FC, Hofkens J, Vosch T. Energy Transfer Pathways in a Rylene‐Based Triad. Chemphyschem 2010; 12:595-608. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201000665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Fron
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee (Belgium)
| | - Larissa Puhl
- Max‐Planck‐Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz (Germany)
| | - Ingo Oesterling
- Max‐Planck‐Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz (Germany)
| | - Chen Li
- Max‐Planck‐Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz (Germany)
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max‐Planck‐Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz (Germany)
| | - Frans C. De Schryver
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee (Belgium)
| | - Johan Hofkens
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee (Belgium)
| | - Tom Vosch
- Nano‐Science Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen (Denmark), Fax: (+45) 353‐20‐322
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47
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Weil T, Vosch T, Hofkens J, Peneva K, Müllen K. Rylenfarbstoffe als maßgeschneiderte Nanoemitter für die Photonik. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200902532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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48
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Weil T, Vosch T, Hofkens J, Peneva K, Müllen K. The Rylene Colorant Family-Tailored Nanoemitters for Photonics Research and Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:9068-93. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200902532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 520] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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49
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Hofmann CC, Lindner SM, Ruppert M, Hirsch A, Haque SA, Thelakkat M, Köhler J. Mutual Interplay of Light Harvesting and Triplet Sensitizing in a Perylene Bisimide Antenna−Fullerene Dyad. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:9148-56. [DOI: 10.1021/jp1035585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christiane C. Hofmann
- Department of Experimental Physics IV and BIMF, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany; Applied Functional Polymers, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany; Organische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; and Department of Chemistry, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London SW72AZ, U.K
| | - Stefan M. Lindner
- Department of Experimental Physics IV and BIMF, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany; Applied Functional Polymers, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany; Organische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; and Department of Chemistry, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London SW72AZ, U.K
| | - Michaela Ruppert
- Department of Experimental Physics IV and BIMF, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany; Applied Functional Polymers, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany; Organische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; and Department of Chemistry, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London SW72AZ, U.K
| | - Andreas Hirsch
- Department of Experimental Physics IV and BIMF, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany; Applied Functional Polymers, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany; Organische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; and Department of Chemistry, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London SW72AZ, U.K
| | - Saif A. Haque
- Department of Experimental Physics IV and BIMF, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany; Applied Functional Polymers, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany; Organische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; and Department of Chemistry, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London SW72AZ, U.K
| | - Mukundan Thelakkat
- Department of Experimental Physics IV and BIMF, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany; Applied Functional Polymers, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany; Organische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; and Department of Chemistry, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London SW72AZ, U.K
| | - Jürgen Köhler
- Department of Experimental Physics IV and BIMF, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany; Applied Functional Polymers, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany; Organische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; and Department of Chemistry, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London SW72AZ, U.K
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50
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Bott ED, Riley EA, Kahr B, Reid PJ. Unraveling the Dispersed Kinetics of Dichlorofluorescein in Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate Crystals. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:7331-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jp102194u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric D. Bott
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, and Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, Room 1001, New York, New York 10003
| | - Erin A. Riley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, and Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, Room 1001, New York, New York 10003
| | - Bart Kahr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, and Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, Room 1001, New York, New York 10003
| | - Philip J. Reid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, and Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, Room 1001, New York, New York 10003
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